Protection functions Content

Setting ranges 3/2

Phase overcurrent 3/4
ANSI code 50/51 3/4
Voltage-restrained phase overcurrent 3/6
ANSI code 50V/51V 3/6
Earth fault 3/8
ANSI code 50N/51N or 50G/51G 3/8
Breaker failure 3/10
ANSI code 50BF 3/10
Negative sequence / unbalance 3/12
ANSI code 46 3/12
Directional phase overcurrent 3/14
ANSI code 67 3/14
Directional earth fault 3/18
ANSI code 67N/67NC 3/18
Directional active overpower 3/24
ANSI code 32P 3/24
Directional reactive overpower 3/25
ANSI code 32Q/40 3/25
Thermal overload 3/26
ANSI code 49 RMS 3/26
Phase undercurrent 3/35
ANSI code 37 3/35
Excessive starting time,
locked rotor 3/36
ANSI code 48-51LR 3/36
Starts per hour 3/37
ANSI code 66 3/37
Positive sequence undervoltage
and phase rotation direction check 3/38
ANSI code 27D-47 3/38
Remanent undervoltage 3/39
ANSI code 27R 3/39
Undervoltage 3/40
ANSI code 27/27S 3/40
Overvoltage 3/41
ANSI code 59 3/41
Neutral voltage displacement 3/42
ANSI code 59N 3/42
Negative sequence overvoltage 3/43
ANSI code 47 3/43
Overfrequency 3/44
ANSI code 81H 3/44
Underfrequency 3/45
ANSI code 81L 3/45
Recloser 3/46
ANSI code 79 3/46
Temperature monitoring 3/49
ANSI code 49T-38 3/49
General 3/50
IDMT protection functions 3/50

Schneider Electric 3/1

Protection functions Setting ranges

Functions Settings Time delay

ANSI 50/51 - Phase overcurrent
Tripping curve Tripping time delay Reset time
Definite time DT
SIT, LTI, VIT, EIT, UIT (1) DT
RI DT
IEC: SIT/A, LTI/B, VIT/B, EIT/C DT or IDMT
IEEE: MI (D), VI (E), EI (F) DT or IDMT
IAC: I, VI, EI DT or IDMT
Is set point 0.1 to 24 In Definite time Inst.; 0.05 s to 300 s
0.1 to 2.4 In IDMT 0.1 s to 12.5 s at 10 Is
Reset time Definite time (DT; timer hold) Inst.; 0.05 s to 300 s
IDMT (IDMT; reset time) 0.5 s to 20 s
Confirmation None
By negative sequence overvoltage
By undervoltage
ANSI 50V/51V - Voltage-restrained phase overcurrent
Tripping curve Tripping time delay Reset time
IDMT DT
SIT, LTI, VIT, EIT, UIT (1) DT
RI DT
IEC: SIT/A, LTI/B, VIT/B, EIT/C DT or IDMT
IEEE: MI (D), VI (E), EI (F) DT or IDMT
IAC: I, VI, EI DT or IDMT
Is set point 0.1 to 24 In Definite time Inst.; 0.05 s to 300 s
0.1 to 2,4 In IDMT 0.1 s to 12.5 s at 10 Is
Reset time Definite time (DT; timer hold) Inst.; 0.05 s to 300 s
IDMT (IDMT; reset time) 0.5 s to 20 s
ANSI 50N/51N or 50G/51G - Earth fault
Tripping curve Tripping time delay Reset time
Definite time DT
SIT, LTI, VIT, EIT, UIT (1) DT
RI DT
IEC: SIT/A,LTI/B, VIT/B, EIT/C DT or IDMT
IEEE: MI (D), VI (E), EI (F) DT or IDMT
IAC: I, VI, EI DT or IDMT
Iso set point 0.1 to 15 Ino Definite time Inst.; 0.05 s to 300 s
0.1 to 1 Ino IDMT 0.1 s to 12.5 s at 10 Iso
Reset time Definite time (DT; timer hold) Inst.; 0.05 s to 300 s
IDMT (IDMT; reset time) 0.5 s to 20 s
ANSI 50 BF - Breaker failure
Presence of current 0.2 to 2 In
Operating time 0.05 s to 30 s
ANSI 46 - Negative sequence / unbalance
Definite time 0.1 to 5 Ib 0.1 s to 300 s
IDMT 0.1 to 0.5 Ib (Schneider Electric) 0.1 to 1Ib (IEC, IEEE) 0.1 s to 1 s
Tripping curve Schneider Electric
IEC: SIT/A, LTI/B, VIT/B, EIT/C
IEEE: MI (D), VI (E), EI (F)
ANSI 67 - Directional phase overcurrent
Tripping curve Tripping time delay Reset time
Definite time DT
SIT, LTI, VIT, EIT, UIT (1) DT
RI DT
CEI: SIT/A, LTI/B, VIT/B, EIT/C DT or IDMT
IEEE: MI (D), VI (E), EI (F) DT or IDMT
IAC: I, VI, EI DT or IDMT
Is set point 0.1 to 24 In Definite time Inst.; 0.05 s to 300 s
0.1 to 2.4 In IDMT 0.1 s to 12.5 s at 10 Is
Reset time Definite time (DT; timer hold) Inst.; 0.05 s to 300 s
IDMT (IDMT; reset time) 0.5 s to 20 s
Characteristic angle 30°, 45°, 60°
Note: general settings In, Ib, Ino, Unp and Vnp are described in the chapter "Metering functions" page 2/2: characteristics.
(1) tripping as of 1.2 Is.

3/2 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Setting ranges

Functions Setting Temporisations

ANSI 67N/67NC - Directional earth fault, projection (type 1)
Characteristic angle -45°, 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°
Iso set point 0.1 to 15 Ino Definite time Inst.; 0.05 s to 300 s
Vso set point 2 to 80% of Unp
Memory time Tomem time 0; 0.05 s to 300 s
Vomem validity set point 0; 2 to 80% of Unp
ANSI 67N/67NC - Directional earth fault, according to vector magnitude (type 2)
Characteristic angle -45°, 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°
Tripping curve Tripping time delay Reset time delay
IDMT DT
SIT, LTI, VIT, EIT, UIT (1) DT
RI DT
IEC, SIT/A,LTI/B, VIT/B, EIT/C DT or IDMT
IEEE: MI (D), VI (E), EI (F) DT or IDMT
IAC: I, VI, EI DT or IDMT
Iso set point 0.1 to 15 Ino Definite time Inst.; 0.05 s to 300 s
0.1 to 1 Ino IDMT 0.1 s to 12.5 s at 10 Iso
Vso set point 2 to 80% of Unp
Reset time Definite time (DT; timer hold) Inst.; 0.05 s to 300 s
IDMT (IDMT; reset time) 0.5 s to 20 s
ANSI 32P - Directional active overpower
1 to 120% of Sn (2) 0.1 s to 300 s
ANSI 32Q/40 - Directional reactive overpower
5 to 120% de Sn (2) 0.1 s to 300 s
ANSI 49RMS - Thermal overload Rate 1 Rate 2
Negative sequence factor 0 - 2.25 - 4.5 - 9
Time constant Heating T1: 1 to 600 mn T1: 1 to 600 mn
Cooling T2: 5 to 600 mn T2: 5 to 600 mn
Alarm and trip set points 50 to 300% of thermal capacity used
Cold curve modification factor 0 to 100%
Switching of thermal settings condition by logic input
by Is setting adjustable from 0.25 to 8 Ib
Maximum equipment temperature 60 to 200°C
ANSI 37 - Phase undercurrent
0.15 to 1 Ib 0.05 s to 300 s
ANSI 48/51LR - Excessive starting time / locked rotor
0.5 Ib to 5 Ib ST start time 0.5 s to 300 s
LT and LTS time delays 0.05 s to 300 s
ANSI 66 - Starts per hour
Starts per period 1 to 60 Period 1 to 6 h
Consecutive starts 1 to 60 Time delay stop/start 0 to 90 mn
ANSI 38/49T - Temperature (RTDs)
Alarm and trip set points 0 to 180 °C (or 32 to 356 °F)
ANSI 27D - ANSI 47 - Positive sequence undervoltage
15 to 60% of Unp 0.05 s to 300 s
ANSI 27R - Remanent undervoltage
5 to 100% of Unp 0.05 s to 300 s
ANSI 27 - Phase-to-phase undervoltage
5 to 100% of Unp 0.05 s to 300 s
ANSI 27S - Phase-to-neutral undervoltage
5 to 100% of Vnp 0.05 s to 300 s
ANSI 59 - Overvoltage phase-to-phase phase-to-neutral
50 to 150% of Unp 50 to 150% of Vnp 0.05 s to 300 s
ANSI 59N - Neutral voltage displacement
2 to 80% of Unp 0.05 s to 300 s
ANS 47 - Negative sequence overvoltage
1 to 50% of Unp Inst.; 0.05 s to 300 s
ANSI 81H - Overfrequency
50 to 55 Hz or 60 to 65 Hz 0.1 s to 300 s
ANSI 81L - Underfrequency
40 to 50 Hz or 50 to 60 Hz 0.1 s to 300 s
Note: general settings In, Ib, Ino, Unp and Vnp are described in the chapter "Metering functions" page 2/2: characteristics.

(2) Sn = 
(1) tripping as of 1.2 Is.
.In.Unp.

Schneider Electric 3/3

 Protection functions Phase overcurrent
ANSI code 50/51

Description The Is setting is the vertical asymptote of the curve, and T is the operation time delay
The phase overcurrent function comprises 2 groups of for 10 Is.
four units, called Group A and Group B respectively. The tripping time for I/Is values of less than 1.2 depends on the type of curve chosen.
The mode of switching from one group to the other may
be determined by parameter setting: Name of curve Type
 by remote control (TC3, TC4) Standard inverse time (SIT) 1.2
 by logic input I13 (I13 = 0 group A, I13 = 1 group B) Very inverse time (VIT or LTI) 1.2
or by forcing the use of the group.
Extremely inverse time (EIT) 1.2
Operation Ultra inverse time (UIT) 1.2
The phase overcurrent protection function is three-pole. RI curve 1
It picks up if one, two or three of the phase currents reach IEC standard inverse time SIT / A 1
the operation set point. IEC very inverse time VIT or LTI / B 1
The alarm connected to the operation of the protection IEC extremely inverse time EIT / C 1
function indicates the faulty phase or phases.
IEEE moderately inverse (IEC / D) 1
It is time-delayed. The time delay may be definite time
(DT) or IDMT according to the curves opposite. IEEE very inverse (IEC / E) 1
IEEE extremely inverse (IEC / F) 1
Confirmation
The phase overcurrent protection function includes a IAC inverse 1
paramerizable confirmation component. IAC very inverse 1
The output is confirmed as follows: IAC extremely inverse 1
 by phase-to-phase undervoltage protection unit 1 The curve equations are given in the chapter entitled "IDMT protection functions".
 by negative sequence overvoltage protection
 no confirmation. The function takes into account current variations during the time delay interval.
Definite time protection For currents with a very large amplitude, the protection function has a definite time
Is is the operation set point expressed in Amps, and T characteristic:
is the protection operation time delay.  if I > 20 Is, tripping time is the time that corresponds to 20 Is
 if I > 40 In, tripping time is the time that corresponds to 40 In.
(In: current transformer rated current defined when the general settings are made).

t Block diagram
MT10911

"pick-up" signal and

logic discrimination
MT10549

I1
I2 t 0
I > Is time-delayed
I3 output
T Confirmation
(optionnal)

Is I
Definite time protection principle.

IDMT protection Timer hold delay

IDMT protection operates in accordance with the The function includes an adjustable timer hold delay T1:
IEC (60255-3), BS 142 and IEEE (C-37112) standards.  definite time (timer hold) for all the tripping curves.
type 1 I > Is time-delayed output
t
MT10664

MT10541

type 1,2

I > Is pick-up signal

T
T tripping
value of internal
time delay
1 1.2 10 20 I/Is counter
IDMT protection principle.

T1 T1
T1

3/4 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Phase overcurrent
ANSI code 50/51

 IDMT for IEC, IEEE and IAC curves.

I > Is time-delayed output

MT10527
I > Is pick-up signal

T tripping
value of internal
time delay
counter

T1
Characteristics
Tripping curve
Setting Definite time,
IDMT: chosen according to list on page 4
Confirmation
Setting by undervoltage (unit 1)
by negative sequence overvoltage
none, by confirmation

$ $
Is set point

$ $
Setting Definite time 0.1 In Is 24 In expressed in Amps
IDMT 0.1 In Is 2.4 In expressed in Amps
Resolution 1 A or 1 digit
Accuracy (1) ±5%
Drop out/pick-up ratio 93.5% ±5 % (with min. reset variance of
0.015 In)

$ $
Time delay T (operation time at 10 Is)

$ $
Setting Definite time inst., 50 ms T 300 s
IDMT 100 ms T 12.5 s or TMS (2)
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Accuracy (1) Definite time ±2% or from -10 ms to +25 ms
IDMT Class 5 or from -10 ms to +25 ms
Timer hold delay T1
Definite time
(timer hold) 0; 0.05 to 300 s
IDMT (3) 0.5 to 20 s
Characteristic times
Operation time pick-up < 35 ms at 2 Is (typically 25 ms)
inst. < 50 ms at 2 Is (confirmed instantaneous)
(typically 35 ms)
Overshoot time < 35 ms
Reset time < 50 ms (for T1 = 0)
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).
(2) setting ranges in TMS (Time Multiplier Setting) mode
Inverse (SIT) and IEC SIT/A: 0.04 to 4.20
Very inverse (VIT) and IEC VIT/B: 0.07 to 8.33
Very inverse (LTI) and IEC LTI/B: 0.01 to 0.93
Ext inverse (EIT) and IEC EIT/C: 0.13 to 15.47
IEEE moderately inverse: 0.42 to 51.86
IEEE very inverse: 0.73 to 90.57
IEEE extremely inverse: 1.24 to 154.32
IAC inverse: 0.34 to 42.08
IAC very inverse: 0.61 to 75.75
IAC extremely inverse: 1.08 to 134.4
(3) only for standardized tripping curves of the IEC, IEEE and
IAC types.

Schneider Electric 3/5

 Protection functions Voltage-restrained phase
overcurrent
ANSI code 50V/51V

Operation The Iso setting is the vertical asymptote of the curve, and T is the operation time
The voltage-restrained phase overcurrent protection delay for 10 Iso.
function is used to protect generators. The operation The tripping time for Io/Iso values of less than 1.2 depends on the type of curve
set point is adjusted according to the voltage to take chosen.
into account cases of faults close to the generator
which cause voltage dips and short-circuit current. Name of curve Type
This protection function is three-pole. It picks up if one, Standard inverse time (SIT) 1.2
two or three phase currents reach the voltage-adjusted
Very inverse time (VIT or LTI) 1.2
operation set point Is*.
Extremely inverse time (EIT) 1.2
The alarm linked to operation indicates the faulty phase
or phases. Ultra inverse time (UIT) 1.2
It is time-delayed, and the time delay may be definite RI curve 1
time (DT) or IDMT according to the curves opposite. IEC standard inverse time SIT / A 1
The set point is adjusted according to the lowest of the IEC very inverse time VIT or LTI / B 1
phase-to-phase voltages measured. IEC extremely inverse time EIT / C 1
The adjusted set point Is* is defined by the following
IEEE moderately inverse (IEC / D) 1
equation:
IEEE very inverse (IEC / E) 1
I*s = ---s- x  4------- – 0, 2
I U IEEE extremely inverse (IEC / F) 1
3 UN IAC inverse 1
IAC very inverse 1
IAC extremely inverse 1
The curve equations are given in the chapter entitled "IDMT protection functions".
MT11030

The function takes into account current variations during the time delay interval.
For currents with a very large amplitude, the protection function has a definite time
characteristic:
 if I > 20 Is, tripping time is the time that corresponds to 20 Is
 if I > 40 In, tripping time is the time that corresponds to 40 In
(In: current transformer rated current defined when the general settings are made).

Definite time protection Block diagram

Is is the operation set point expressed in Amps, and T
is the protection operation time delay. Is*
MT11162

t
MT10211

Is*

Is* I

Definite time protection principle. Timer hold delay

The function includes an adjustable timer hold delay T1:
 definite time (timer hold) for all the tripping curves
IDMT protection I > Is time-delayed output
IDMT protection operates in accordance with the
MT10541

IEC (60255-3), BS 142 and IEEE (C-37112) standards.

type 1
t I > Is pick-up signal
MT1022

type 1,2

T tripping
value of internal
T time delay
counter

1 1.2 10 20 I/Is*
T1 T1
IDMT protection principle. T1

3/6 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Voltage-restrained phase
overcurrent
ANSI Code 50V/51V

 IDMT for IEC, IEEE and IAC curves.

I > Is time-delayed output

MT10527
I > Is pick-up signal

T tripping
value of internal
time delay
counter

T1

Characteristics
Tripping curve
Setting Definite time,
IDMT: chosen according to list page 6

$ $
Is set point

$ $
Setting Definite time 0.1 In Is 24 In expressed in Amps
IDMT 0.1 In Is 2.4 In expressed in Amps
Resolution 1 A or 1 digit
Accuracy (1) ±5%
Drop out/pick-up ratio 93.5% ±5 % (with min. reset variance of
0.015 In)

$ $
Time delay T (operation time at 10 Iso)

$ $
Setting Definite time inst. 50 ms T 300
IDMT 100 ms T 12.5 s or TMS (2)
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Accuracy (1) Definite time ±2% or from -10 ms to +25 ms
IDMT class 5 or from -10 ms to +25 ms
Timer hold delay T1
Definite time
(timer hold) 0; 0.05 to 300 s
IDMT (3) 0.5 to 20 s
Characteristic times
Operation time pick-up < 35 ms at 2 Is (typically 25 ms)
inst. < 50 ms at 2 Is (confirmed instantaneous)
(typically 35 ms)
Overshoot time < 35 ms
Reset time < 50 ms (for T1 = 0)
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6)
(2) setting ranges in TMS (Time Multiplier Setting) mode
Inverse (SIT) and IECIEC SIT/A: 0.04 to 4.20
Very inverse (VIT) and IEC VIT/B: 0.07 to 8.33
Very inverse (LTI) and IEC LTI/B: 0.01 to 0.93
Ext inverse (EIT) and IEC EIT/C: 0.13 to 15.47
IEEE moderately inverse: 0.42 to 51.86
IEEE very inverse: 0.73 to 90.57
IEEE extremely inverse : 1,24 à 154,32
IAC inverse: 0.34 to 42.08
IAC very inverse: 0.61 to 75.75
IAC extremely inverse: 1.08 to 134.4
(3) only for standardized tripping curves of the IEC, IEEE and
IAC types.

Schneider Electric 3/7

 Protection functions Earth fault
ANSI code 50N/51N or 50G/51G

Description The Iso setting is the vertical asymptote of the curve, and T is the operation time
The earth fault protection function comprises 2 groups delay for 10 Iso.
of four units, called Group A and Group B respectively. The tripping time for Io/Iso values of less than 1.2 depends on the type of curve
The mode of switching from one group to the other may chosen.
be determined by parameter setting:
 by remote control (TC3, TC4) Name of curve Type
 by logic input I13 (I13 = 0 group A, I13 = 1 group B) Standard inverse time (SIT) 1.2
or by forcing the use of the group. Very inverse time (VIT or LTI) 1.2
Operation Extremely inverse time (EIT) 1.2
The earth fault protection function is single-pole. Ultra inverse time (UIT) 1.2
It picks up if the earth fault current reaches the RI curve 1
operation set point. IEC standard inverse time SIT / A 1
It is time-delayed. The time delay may be definite time IEC very inverse time VIT or LTI / B 1
(DT) or IDMT according to the curves opposite. IEC extremely inverse time EIT / C 1
The protection function includes harmonic 2 restraint
IEEE moderately inverse (IEC / D) 1
which provides greater stability when transformers are
energized. IEEE very inverse (IEC / E) 1
The restraint disables tripping, regardless of the IEEE extremely inverse (IEC / F) 1
fundamental current. IAC inverse 1
The restraint may be inhibited by parameter setting. IAC very inverse 1
Definite time protection IAC extremely inverse 1
Iso is the operation set point expressed in Amps, and T The curve equations are given in the chapter entitled "IDMT protection functions".
is the protection operation time delay.
The function takes into account current variations during the time delay interval.
For currents with a very large amplitude, the protection function has a definite time
characteristic:
t  if I > 20 Iso, tripping time is the time that corresponds to 20 Iso
 if I > 20 Ino, tripping time is the time that corresponds to 20 Ino (operation based
MT10212

on Io input)
 if Io > 40 Ino (1), tripping time is the time that corresponds to 40 Ino (operation
based on sum of phase currents).

T Block diagram
I1
I2 "pick-up" signal and
MT10213

I3 to logic discrimination
Iso Io
t 0
Definite time protection principle. Io > Iso time-delayed
output
CSH core bal. CT
IDMT protection CT + CSH30
IDMT protection operates in accordance with the H2
core bal. + ACE990
IEC (60255-3), BS 142 and IEEE (C-37112) standards.
type 1 The choice between Io (measured) and IoΣ (calculated by the sum of the phase
t currents) may be set for each unit, by default units 1 and 2 set to Io and units 2 and
type 1,2 4 to IoΣ.
By mixing the 2 possibilities on the different units, it is possible to have:
 different dynamic set points
MT10665

 different applications, e.g. zero sequence and tank earth leakage protection.
Timer hold delay
The function includes an adjustable timer hold delay T1:
T  definite time (timer hold) for all the tripping curves
Io > Iso time-delayed output
MT10547

1 1.2 10 20 Io/Iso
IDMT protection principle.
Io > Iso pick-up signal

T tripping
value of internal
time delay
counter

T1 T1
T1

3/8 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Earth fault
ANSI 50N/51N code or 50G/51G

 IDMT for IEC, IEEE and IAC curves.

Io > Iso time-delayed output

MT10532
Io > Iso pick-up signal

T tripping
value of internal
time delay
counter

T1

Characteristics
Tripping curve
Setting Definite time,
IDMT: chosen according to list page 8

$ $
Iso set point

$ $
Definite time setting 0.1 Ino Iso 15 Ino (1) expressed in Amps
Sum of CTs 0.1 Ino Iso 15 Ino
With CSH sensor
2 A rating 0.2 A to 30 A
5 A rating 0.5 A to 75 A

$ $
20 A rating 2 A to 300 A
CT + CSH30 0.1 Ino Iso 15 Ino (min. 0.1 A)
Core balance CT

$ $
with ACE990 0.1 Ino < Iso < 15 Ino

$ $
IDMT time setting 0.1 Ino Iso Ino (1) expressed in Amps
Sum of CTs 0.1 Ino Iso Ino
With CSH sensor
2 A rating 0.2 A to 2 A
5 A rating 0.5 A to 75 A

$ $
20 A rating 2 A to 20 A
CT + CSH30 0.1 Ino Iso Ino (min. 0.1 A)
Core balance CT
with ACE990 0.1 Ino < Iso < Ino
Resolution 0.1 A or 1 digit
Accuracy (2) ±5%
Drop out/pick-up ratio 93.5% ±5% for Iso > 0.1 Ino
Harmonic 2 restraint
Fixed threshold 17%
(1) Ino = In if the sum of the three phase currents is used for the
$ $
Time delay T (operation time at 10 Iso)
measurement.
$ $
Setting Definite time inst. 50 ms T 300 s
Ino = sensor rating if the measurement is taken by a CSH core
balance CT. IDMT 100 ms T 12.5 s or TMS (3)
Ino = In of the CT at In/10 according to parameter setting if the Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
measurement is taken by a 1 A or 5 A current transformer. Accuracy (2) Definite time ±2% or from -10 ms to +25 ms
(2) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6)
IDMT class 5 or from -10 ms to +25 ms
(3) setting ranges in TMS (Time Multiplier Setting) mode
Inverse (SIT) and IECIEC SIT/A: 0.04 to 4.20 Timer hold delay T1
Very inverse (VIT) and IEC VIT/B: 0.07 to 8.33 Definite time
Very inverse (LTI) and IEC LTI/B: 0.01 to 0.93 (timer hold) 0; 0.05 to 300 s
Ext inverse (EIT) and IEC EIT/C: 0.13 to 15.47
IDMT (4) 0.5 to 20 s
IEEE moderately inverse: 0.42 to 51.86
IEEE very inverse: 0.73 to 90.57 Characteristic times
IEEE extremely inverse: 1.24 to 154.32 Operation time pick-up < 35 ms at 2 Iso (typically 25 ms)
IAC inverse: 0.34 to 42.08 inst. < 50 ms at 2 Iso (confirmed instantaneous)
IAC very inverse: 0.61 to 75.75
(typically 35 ms)
IAC extremely inverse: 1.08 to 134.4
(4) only for standardized tripping curves of the IEC, IEEE and Overshoot time < 35 ms
IAC types. Reset time < 40 ms (for T1 = 0)

Schneider Electric 3/9

Protection functions Breaker failure
ANSI code 50BF

Operation
This function is designed to detect the failure of breakers that do not open when a
tripping order is sent.

The "breaker failure" protection function is activated by an O1 output tripping order

received from the overcurrent protection functions (50/51, 50N/51N, 46, 67N, 67). It
checks for the disappearance of current during the time interval specified by the time
delay T. It may also take into account the position of the circuit breaker read on the
logic inputs to determine the actual opening of the breaker.

Automatic activation of this protection function requires the use of the program logic
circuit breaker control function. A specific input may also be used to activate the
protection from the equation editor. That option is useful for adding special cases of
activation (e.g. tripping by an external protection unit).

The time-delayed output of the protection unit should be assigned to a logic output
via the control matrix.

The starting and stopping of the time delay T counter are conditioned by the
presence of a current above the set point (I > Is).

Block diagram
MT11173

3/10 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Breaker failure
ANSI code 50BF

Example of setting
Below is a case that may be used to determine the time-delay setting of the breaker
failure function:
Overcurrent protection setting: T = inst.
Circuit breaker operating time: 60 ms.
Auxiliary relay operating time to open the upstream breaker or breakers: 10 ms.

MT11174

overshoot time

The breaker failure function time delay is the sum of the following times:
Sepam O1 output relay pick-up time = 10 ms
Circuit breaker opening time = 60 ms
Breaker failure function memory time = 20 ms
To avoid unwanted tripping of the upstream breakers, choose a margin of
approximately 20 ms.
This gives us a time delay T = 110 ms.

Characteristic
Is set point
Setting 0.2 In to 2 In
Accuracy ±5 %
Resolution 0.1 A
Drop out/pick-up ratio (87.5 ±10)%
Time delay
Setting 0,05 s to 300 s
Accuracy ±2 %, or from 0 to 15 ms
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Characteristic time
Overshoot time < 20 ms
Taking into account of circuit breaker position
Setting With / without

Schneider Electric 3/11

 Protection functions Negative sequence / unbalance
ANSI code 46

Operation The following standardized tripping curves are proposed:

The negative sequence / unbalance protection  IEC standard inverse time SIT / A
function:  IEC very inverse time VIT or LTI / B
 picks up if the negative sequence component of  IEC extremely inverse time EIT / C
phase currents is greater than the operation set point  IEEE moderately inverse (IEC / D)
 it is time-delayed. The time delay may be definite  IEEE very inverse (IEC / E)
time or IDMT according to a standardized curve or  IEEE extremely inverse (IEC / F)
specially adapted Schneider curve. The curve equations are given in the chapter entilled "IDMT protection functions".
The negative sequence current is determined
according to the 3 phase currents. IDMT protection Schneider curve
For Ii > Is, the time delay depends on the value of Ii/Ib (Ib: basis current of the
1 protected equipment defined when the general parameters are set).
li = --- x (l1 + a l2 + a l3 )
2
3 T corresponds to the time delay for Ii/Ib = 5
The tripping curve is defined according to the following equations:
2π
j -------  for Is/Ib $ Ii/Ib $ 0.5
with a = e 3
3 ⋅9

MT10223
-⋅T
t = --------------------------
If Sepam is connected to 2 phase current sensors only, ( Ii ⁄ Ib ) 1 ⋅5
the negative sequence current is:
 for 0.5 $ Ii/Ib $ 5
1
li = ------- x ( l1 - a l3 )
2 4 ⋅ 64
-⋅T
t = ----------------------------
3 ( Ii ⁄ Ib ) 0⋅96
2π
j -------  for Ii/Ib > 5
with a = e 3 t=T
Both formulas are equivalent when there is no zero
Schneider curve
sequence current (earth fault).

Definite time protection Block diagram

Is is the operation set point expressed in Amps, and T
1
is the protection operation time delay.
MT10536

t 0
2 Ii > Is time-delayed
output
t 3
MT10228

“pick-up”
signal
Characteristics
Curve
T Setting Definite, standardized IDMT (a choice of 6), Schneider IDMT

$ $
Is set point

$ $
Setting Definite time 10% Ib Is 500% Ib
Standardized IDMT 10% Ib Is 100% Ib
Is Ii
$ $
(IEC, IEEE)
Definite time protection principle. Schneider IDMT 10% Ib Is 50% Ib
Standardized IDMT protection Resolution 1%
IDMT protection operates in accordance with the Accuracy (1) ±5%

$ $
IEC (60255-3), BS 142 and IEEE (C-37112) standards. Time delay T

$ $
t Setting Definite time 100 ms T 300 s
IDMT 100 ms T 1 s
MT10229

Resolution 10 ms ou 1 digit
Accuracy (1) Definite time ±2% or ±25 ms
IDMT ±5% or ±35 ms
Characteristic times
Operation time pick-up < 55 ms
Overshoot time < 35 ms
T
Reset time < 55 ms
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).

1 1.2 10 20 Ii/Is
IDMT protection principle.
The Is setting is the vertical asymptote of the curve and
T is the operation time delay for 10 Is.
For currents with a very large amplitude, the protection
function has a definite time characteristic:
 if Ii > 20 Is, tripping time is the time that corresponds
to 20 Is
 if Ii > 40 In, tripping time is the time that corresponds
to 40 In.

3/12 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Negative sequence / unbalance
ANSI code 46

Determination of tripping time for IDMT tripping Schneider curve

different negative sequence current t(s)
values for a given Schneider curve
10000
Use the table to find the value of K that corresponds to
the required negative sequence current. 5000
The tripping time is equal to KT.
Example 2000
given a tripping curve with the setting T = 0.5 s. 1000
What is the tripping time at 0.6 Ib?
Use the table to find the value of K that corresponds to 500
60% of Ib.
The table reads K = 7.55. The tripping time is equal to: 200
0.5 x 7.55 = 3.755 s.
100

50

20
max. curve (T=1s)
10

0.5

0.2

0,1

0.05 min. curve (T=0,1s)

0.02

0.01

0.005

0.002

0.001 I/Ib

0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 1 2 3 5 7 10 20

li (% lb) 10 15 20 25 30 33.33 35 40 45 50 55 57.7 60 65 70 75

K 99.95 54.50 35.44 25.38 19.32 16.51 15.34 12.56 10.53 9.00 8.21 7.84 7.55 7.00 6.52 6.11

li (% lb) cont’d 80 85 90 95 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210
K cont’d 5.74 5.42 5.13 4.87 4.64 4.24 3.90 3.61 3.37 3.15 2.96 2.80 2.65 2.52 2.40 2.29

li (% lb) cont’d 22. 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370
K cont’d 2.14 2.10 2.01 1.94 1.86 1.80 1.74 1.68 1.627 1.577 1.53 1.485 1.444 1.404 1.367 1.332

li (% lb) cont’d 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 ≥ 500
K cont’d 1.298 1.267 1.236 1.18 1.167 1.154 1.13 1.105 1.082 1.06 1.04 1.02 1

Schneider Electric 3/13

 Protection functions Directional phase overcurrent
ANSI code 67

Description
The directional phase overcurrent function includes 2

MT11128
groups of 2 units called respectively Group A and
Group B.
The mode for switching from one group to the other may
be determined by parameter setting:
 by remote control (TC3, TC4)
 by logic input I13 (I13 = 0 group A, I13 = 1 group B)
or by forcing the use of the group.

Operation Three-phase function: polarization currents and voltages.

This protection function is three-phase. It includes a
phase overcurrent function associated with direction
detection. It picks up if the phase overcurrent function
MT11176

in the chosen direction (line or busbar) is activated for

at least one of the three phases (or two out of three
phases, according to parameter setting). The alarm
linked to the protection operation indicates the faulty
phase or phases. It is time-delayed and the time delay
may be definite time (DT) according to the curves
opposite.
The direction of the current is determined according to
the measurement of the phase in relation to a
polarization value. It is qualified as busbar direction or
line direction according to the following convention:
MT11175

The polarization value is the phase-to-phase value in

quadrature with the current for cosϕ= 1 (90° connection
angle).
A phase current vector plane is divided into two half-
planes that correspond to the line zone and busbar
zone. The characteristic angle θ is the angle of the
perpendicular to the boundary line between the 2 zones
and the polarization value.

Voltage memory
Should all the voltages disappear during a 3-phase fault
near the busbar, the voltage level may be insufficient for
the fault direction to be detected (< 1.5% Unp). The
protection function therefore uses a voltage memory to
reliably determine the direction. The fault direction is
saved as long as the voltage level is too low and the
current is above the Is set point.

Closing due to a pre-existing fault

If the circuit breaker is closed due to a pre-existing 3-
phase fault on the busbar, the voltage memory is blank.
As a result, the direction cannot be determined and the
protection does not trip. In such cases, a backup 50/51
protection function should be used.

3/14 Schneider Electric

 Protection functions Directional phase overcurrent
ANSI code 67

Block diagram
MT11177
MT11178

MT11179
MT11180

MT11181

Grouping of output data

MT11182

Schneider Electric 3/15

 Protection functions Directional phase overcurrent
ANSI code 67

Tripping logic The Is setting is the vertical asymptote of the curve, and T is the operation time delay
In certain cases, it is wise to choose a tripping logic of for 10 Is.
the two out of three phases type. Such cases may occur The tripping time for I/Is values of less than 1.2 depends on the type of curve chosen.
when two parallel transformers (Dy) are being
protected. For a 2-phase fault on a transformer primary Name of curve Type
winding, there is a 2-1-1 ratio current distribution at the Standard inverse time (SIT) 1.2
secondary end. The highest current is in the expected
Very inverse time (VIT or LTI) 1.2
zone (operation zone for the faulty incomer, no
Extremely inverse time (EIT) 1.2
operation zone for the fault-free incomer).
One of the lowest currents is at the limit of the zone. Ultra inverse time (UIT) 1.2
According to the line parameters, it may even be in the RI curve 1
wrong zone. IEC standard inverse time SIT / A 1
There is therefore a risk of tripping both incomers. IEC very inverse time VIT or LTI / B 1
Time delay IEC extremely inverse time EIT / C 1
IEEE moderately inverse (IEC / D) 1
Definite time protection
IEEE very inverse (IEC / E) 1
Is is the operation set point expressed in Amps, and T
is the protection operation time delay. IEEE extremely inverse (IEC / F) 1
IAC inverse 1
t IAC very inverse 1
IAC extremely inverse 1
MT10911

The curve equations are given in the chapter entitled "IDMT protection functions".

The function takes into account current variations during the time delay interval.
For currents with a very large amplitude, the protection function has a definite time
T
characteristic:
 if I > 20 Is, tripping time is the time that corresponds to 20 Is
 if I > 40 In, tripping time is the time that corresponds to 40 In.
Is I (In: current transformer rated current defined when the general settings are made).
Definite time protection principle.

IDMT protection Timer hold delay

IDMT protection operates in accordance with the The function includes an adjustable timer hold delay T1:
IEC (60255-3), BS 142 and IEEE (C-37112) standards.  definite time (timer hold) for all the tripping curves.
type 1 I > Is time-delayed output
t
MT10667

MT10541

type 1,2

I > Is pick-up signal

T
T tripping
value of internal
time delay
1 1.2 10 20 I/Is counter
IDMT protection principle.

T1 T1
T1

3/16 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Directional phase overcurrent
ANSI code 67

 IDMT for IEC, IEEE and IAC curves.

I > Is time-delayed output

MT10527
I > Is pick-up signal

T tripping
value of internal
time delay
counter

T1

Characteristics
Characteristic angle θ
Setting 30°, 45°, 60°
Accuracy ±2°
Tripping direction
Setting Busbar / line
Tripping logic
Setting One out of three / two out of three
Tripping curve
Setting Definite time
IDMT: chosen according to list page 16

$ $
Is set point

$ $
Setting Definite time 0.1 In Is 24 In expressed in Amps
IDMT 0.1 In Is 2.4 In expressed in Amps
Resolution 1 A or 1 digit
Accuracy (1) ±5 %
Drop out/pick-up ratio 93.5% ±5 % (with min. reset variance of
0.015 In)

$ $
Time delay T (operation time at 10 Is)

$ $
Setting Definite time inst., 50 ms T 300 s
IDMT 100 ms T 12.5 s or TMS (2)
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Accuracy(1) Definite time ±2% or from -10 ms to +25 ms
IDMT Class 5 or from -10 ms to +25 ms
Timer hold delay T1
Definite time
(timer hold) 0 ; 0.05 to 300 s
IDMT (3) 0.5 to 20 s
Characteristic times
Operation time pick-up < 75 ms to 2 Is (typically 65 ms)
inst < 90 ms to 2 Is (confirmed instantaneous)
(typically 75 ms)
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6). Overshoot time < 40 ms
(2) setting ranges in TMS (Time Multiplier Setting) mode Reset time < 50 ms (for T1 = 0)
Inverse (SIT) and IEC SIT/A: 0.04 to 4.20
Very inverse (VIT) and IEC VIT/B: 0.07 to 8.33
Very inverse (LTI) and IEC LTI/B: 0.01 to 0.93
Ext inverse (EIT) and IEC EIT/C: 0.13 to 15.47
IEEE moderately inverse: 0.42 to 51.86
IEEE very inverse: 0.73 to 90.57
IEEE extremely inverse: 1.24 to 154.32
IAC inverse: 0.34 to 42.08
IAC very inverse: 0.61 to 75.75
IAC extremely inverse: 1.08 to 134.4
(3) only for standardized tripping curves of the IEC, IEEE and
IAC types.

Schneider Electric 3/17

 Protection functions Directional earth fault
ANSI code 67N/67NC

Description
characteristic angle :
θo ≠ 0˚
MT10563

Iso set point This function comprises 2 groups of settings, with 2 units for each group.
The mode of switching groups of settings may be determined by parameter setting:
 by input I13 (I13 = 0 group A, I13 = 1 group B)
θo  by remote control (TC3, TC4)
 operation with a single group (group A or group B).
To adapt to all cases of applications and all earthing systems, the protection function
operates according to two different types of characteristics, i.e. a choice of:
Vo  type 1: the protection function uses Io vector projection
 type 2: the protection function uses Io vector magnitude.
Type 1 operation
The function determines the projection of the residual current Io on the characteristic
tripping zone
line, the position of which is set by the setting of characteristic angle θo in relation to
the residual voltage. The projection value is compared to the Iso set point.
The projection method is suitable for radial feeders in resistive, isolated or
compensated neutral systems.
Tripping characteristic of protection function 67N type 1
(θo ≠ 0°). With compensated neutral systems, it is characterized by its capacity to detect very
brief, repetitive faults (recurrent faults). In the case of Petersen coils with no
additional resistance, fault detection in steady state operating conditions is not
characteristic angle : possible due to the absence of active zero sequence current. The protection function
MT10561

θo = 0˚ uses the transient current at the beginning of the fault to ensure tripping.

The θo = 0° setting is suitable for compensated neutral systems. When this setting is
sector selected, the parameter setting of the sector is used to reduce the protection tripping
Vo zone to ensure its stability on fault-free feeders.

The protection function operates with the residual current measured at the relay Io
input (operation with sum of three currents impossible). The protection function is
inhibited for residual voltages below the Vso set point. The time delay is definite time.
Iso set point
When a memory is added, recurrent faults can be detected; the memory is controlled
by a time delay or by the residual voltage value.
tripping zone
The tripping direction can be set at the busbar end or line end.

Tripping characteristic of protection function 67N type 1

(θo = 0°).
Block diagram
MT11204

3/18 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Directional earth fault
ANSI code 67N/67NC

Definite time operation

Iso is the operation set point expressed in Amps, and T is the protection operation
time delay.
t

MT10534
T

Iso Io
Definite time protection principle.

Memory
The detection of recurrent faults is controlled by the time delay Tomem which extends
the transient pick-up information, thereby enabling the operation of the definite time
delay even with faults that are rapidly extinguished (≈ 2 ms) and restrike periodically.
Even when a Petersen coil with no additional resistance is used, tripping is ensured
by fault detection during the transient fault appearance, with detection extended
throughout the duration of the fault based on the Vo " Vomem criterion, within the
limit of Tomem. With this type of application, Tomem must be greater than T (definite
time delay).

Standard setting
The settings below are given for usual applications in the different earthing systems.
The shaded boxes represent default settings.
Isolated neutral Impedant neutral Compensated
neutral
Iso set point To be set according to To be set according to To be set according to
network coordination network coordination network coordination
study study study
Characteristic angle θo 90° 0° 0°
Time delay T To be set according to To be set according to To be set according to
network coordination network coordination network coordination
study study study
Direction Line Line Line
Vso setpoint 2% of Uns 2% of Uns 2% of Uns
Sector N/A 86° 86°
Memory time Tomem 0 0 200 ms
Memory voltage 0 0 0
Vomem

Schneider Electric 3/19

Protection functions Directional earth fault
ANSI code 67N/67NC

Characteristics type 1
Characteristic angle θo
Setting -45°, 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°
Accuracy ±5°
Tripping direction
Setting Busbar / line

$ $
Iso set point
Setting (1) 0.1 Ino Iso 15 Ino (1) expressed in Amps

$ $
With CSH sensor

$ $
2 A rating 0.2 A Iso 30 A

$ $
5 A rating 0.5 A Iso 75 A

$ $
20 A rating 2A Iso 300 A

$ $
TC + CSH30 (1) 0.1 Ino Iso 15 Ino (min. 0.1 A)
Core balance CT with 0.1 Ino Iso 15 Ino
ACE990
Resolution 0.1 A or 1 digit

$
Accuracy ±5%
Drop out/pick-up ratio 93.5% 5%
Vso set point
Setting 2% Unp to 80% Unp
Resolution 1%
Accuracy ±5 %
Sector
Setting 86°; 83°; 76°
Accuracy ±2°

$ $
Time delay T
Setting inst., 0.05 ms T 300 s

$
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Accuracy 2 % or -10 ms to +25 ms

$ $
Memory time Tomem
Setting 0; 50 ms Tomem 300 s
Resolution 10 ms ou 1 digit
Memory voltage

$ $
Vomem
Setting 0; 2 % Unp Vomem 80% Unp
Resolution 1%
Characteristic times
Operation time pick-up < 35 ms
Overshoot time < 35 ms
Reset time < 35 ms (at Tomem = 0)
(1) Ino = sensor rating if the measurement is taken by a CSH120 or CSH200 core balance CT.
Ino = In of the CT if the measurement is taken by a 1 A or 5 A current transformer + CSH30.
Ino = In of the CT /10 if the measurement is taken by a 1 A or 5 A current transformer + CSH30
with the sensitivity x 10 option.

3/20 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Directional earth fault
ANSI code 67N/67NC

Type 2 operation
The protection function operates like an earth fault protection function with an added
direction criterion.
It is suitable for closed ring distribution networks with directly earthed neutral. It has
θo all the characteristics of an earth fault protection function (50N/51N) and can
therefore be easily coordinated with that function.
The residual current is the current measured at the Sepam Io input or calculated
tripping zone using the sum of the phase currents, according to the parameter setting.
Vo The time delay may be definite time (DT) or IDMT according to the curves below.
The protection function includes a timer hold delay T1 for the detection of restriking
faults.
The tripping direction may be set at the busbar end or line end.
Iso set point
Definite time protection
Iso is the operation set point expressed in Amps, and T is the protection operation
time delay.
t
MT10534

Tripping characteristic of protection 67N, type 2.

Iso Io

IDMT protection
The IDMT protection function operates in accordance with the IEC (60255-3),
BS 142 and IEEE (C-37112) standards.
type 1
MT10544

t
type 1.2

1 1.2 10 20 Io/Iso
The Is setting is the vertical asymptote of the curve, and T is the operation time delay
for 10 Iso.
The tripping time for Io/Iso values of less than 1.2 depends on the type of curve
chosen.

Name of curve Type

Standard inverse time (SIT) 1.2
Very inverse time (VIT ou LTI) 1.2
Extremely inverse time (EIT) 1.2
Ultra inverse time (UIT) 1.2
RI curve 1
IEC temps inverse SIT / A 1
IEC very inverse time VIT or LTI / B 1
IEC extremely inverse time EIT / C 1
IEEE moderately inverse (IEC / D) 1
IEEE very inverse (IEC / E) 1
IEEE extremely inverse (IEC / F) 1
IAC inverse 1
IAC very inverse 1
IAC extremely inverse 1
The curve equations are given in the chapter entitled "IDMT protection functions".

Schneider Electric 3/21

 Protection functions Directional earth fault
ANSI code 67N/67NC

Block diagram
MT11163

Timer hold delay

The function includes an adjustable timer hold delay T1:
 definite time (timer hold) for all the tripping curves.
Io > Iso time-delayed output
MT10547

Io > Iso pick-up signal

T tripping
value of internal
time delay
counter

T1 T1
T1

 IDMT for IEC, IEEE and IAC curves.

Io > Iso time-delayed output
MT10532

Io > Iso pick-up signal

T tripping
value of internal
time delay
counter

T1

3/22 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Directional earth fault
ANSI code 67N/67NC

Characteristics type 2
Characteristic angle θo
Setting -45°, 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°
Accuracy ±5°
Tripping direction
Setting Busbar / line

$ $
Iso setting

$ $
Definite time setting 0.1 Ino Iso 15 Ino (1) expressed in Amps
Sum of CTs 0.1 Ino Iso 15 Ino
With CSH sensor
2 A rating 0.2 A to 30 A
5 A rating 0.5 A to 75 A

$ $
20 A rating 2 A to 300 A
CT + CSH30 0.1 Ino Iso 15 Ino (min. 0.1 A)
Core balance CT with 0.1 Ino < Iso < 15 Ino

$ $
ACE990

$ $
Definite time setting 0.1 Ino Iso Ino(1) expessed in Amps
Sum of CTs 0.1 Ino Iso Ino
With CSH sensor
2 A rating 0.2 A to 2 A
5 A rating 0.5 A to 5 A

$ $
20 A rating 2 A to A

$ $
CT + CSH30 0.1 Ino Iso 1 Ino (min. 0.1 A)
Core balance CT with 0.1 Ino Iso Ino
ACE990
Resolution 0.1 A or 1 digit
Accuracy (2) ±5 %
Drop out/pick up ratio 93.5 % ±5 %
Vso set point
Setting 2 % Un to 80 % Un
Resolution 1%
Accuracy ±5 %
Sector
(1) Ino = In if the sum of the three phase currents is used for the Setting 86°; 83°; 76°
measurement. Accuracy ±2°
Ino = sensor rating if the measurement is taken by a CSH120

$ $
or CSH200 core balance CT. Time delay T (operation time at 10 Iso)

$ $
Ino = In of the CT if the measurement is taken by a 1 A or 5 A Setting definite time inst., 50 ms T 300 s
current transformer + CSH30. IDMT 100 ms T 12.5 s or TMS (3)
Ino = In of the CT /10 if the measurement is taken by a 1 A or
5 A current transformer + CSH30 with the sensitivity x 10 Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
option. Accuracy (2) definite time 2% or -10 ms to +25 ms
(2) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6)
IDMT Class 5 or from -10 to +25 ms
(3) setting ranges in TMS (Time Multiplier Setting) mode

$ $
Inverse (SIT) et IEC SIT/A: 0.04 to 4.20 Timer hold delay T1
Very inverse (VIT) and IEC VIT/B:0.07 to 8.33
$ $
Definite time (timer hold) 0; 0.50 ms T1 300 s
Very inverse (LTI) and IEC LTI/B:0.01 to 0.93
Ext inverse (EIT) and IEC EIT/C: 0.13 to 15.47 IDMT (4) 0.5 s T1 20 s
IEEE moderately inverse:0.42 to 51.86 Characteristic times
IEEE very inverse: 0.73 to 90.57 Operation time pick up < 35 ms at 2 Iso (typically 25 ms)
IEEE extremely inverse: 1.24 to 154.32
IAC inverse: 0.34 to 42.08 inst. < 50 ms at 2 Iso (confirmed
IAC very inverse: 0.61 to 75.75 instantaneous) (typically 35 ms)
IAC extremely inverse:1.08 to 134.4 Overshoot time < 35 ms
(4) only for standardized tripping curves of the IEC, IEEE and Reset time < 40 ms (for T1 = 0)
IAC types.

Schneider Electric 3/23

 Protection functions Directional active overpower
ANSI code 32P

Operation
MT11165

This function may be used as:

 "active overpower" protection for energy management (load shedding) or
 "reverse active power" protection against motors running like generators and
generators running like motors.
It picks up if the active power flowing in one direction or the other (supplied or
absorbed) is greater than the Ps set point.
It includes a definite time delay T.
It is based on the two-wattmeter method.
The function is only enabled if the following condition is met:
P " 3.1% Q which provides a high level of sensitivity and high stability in the event of
short-circuits.

The power sign is determined according to the general feeder or incomer parameter,
iaccording to the convention:
Operating zone.  for the feeder circuit:
# power exported by the busbar is positive
# power supplied to the busbar is negative.
MT11183

 for the incomer circuit:

# power supplied to the busbar is positive
# power exported by the busbar is negative
MT11184

This protection function operates for V1V2V3, U21/U32 and

U21/U32 + V0 connections.

Block diagram
MT11166

Characteristics
Tripping direction
Setting overpower/reverse power
Ps set point
Setting 1 % Sn(1) to 120 % Sn (1)
Resolution 0.1 kW
Accuracy (2) ±0.3 % Sn for Ps between 1 % Sn and 5 % Sn
±5 % for Ps between 5 % Sn and 40 % Sn
±3 % for Ps between 40 % Sn and 120 % Sn
Drop out/pick up ratio (93.5 ±5) %
Min. return variance 0.004 Sn
Time delay T
Setting 100 ms to 300 s
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Accuracy (2) ±2 %, or from - 10 ms to +25 ms
Characteristic times
Operation time < 80 ms
Overshoot time < 90 ms


Reset time < 80 ms
(1) Sn = .Unp.In
(2) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).

3/24 Schneider Electric

 Protection functions Directional reactive overpower
ANSI code 32Q/40

Operation
MT11167

This protection function is used to detect field loss on synchronous machines

(generators or motors) connected to the network.
In both cases, the machine undergoes additional temperature build-up which may
damage it.
It picks up if the reactive power flowing in one direction or the other (supplied or
overpower absorbed) is greater than the Qs set point.
It includes a definite time delay T.
It is based on the two-wattmeter method.
The function is only enabled if the following condition is met:
Q " 3.1% P which provides a high level of sensitivity and high stability in the event of
short-circuits.
The power sign is determined according to the general feeder or incomer parameter,
iaccording to the convention:
 for the feeder circuit:
# power exported by the busbar is positive
# power supplied to the busbar is negative

reverse
MT11183

power

 for the incomer circuit:

# power supplied to the busbar is positive
# power exported by the busbar is negative.
Operating zone.
MT11184

This protection function operates for V1V2V3, U21/U32 and

U21/U32 + V0 connections.
To operate with certain synchronous motors, it may be necessary to inhibit the
protection function during motor starting. This is done using the "Starting in progress"
output of the 48/51LR function in the equation editor.

Block diagram
MT11168

Characteristics
Tripping direction
Setting overpower/reverse power
Qs set point
Setting 5 % Sn(1) to 120 % Sn (1)
Resolution 0.1 var
Accuracy (2) ±5 % for Qs between 5 % Sn and 40 % Sn
±3 % for Qs between 40 % Sn and 120 % Sn
Drop out/pick up ratio (93.5 ±5) %
Time delay T
Setting 100 ms to 300 s
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Accuracy (2) ±2 %, or from -10 ms to ±25 ms
Characteristic times
Operation time < 80 ms
Overshoot time < 90 ms


Reset time < 80 ms
(1) Sn = .Unp.In

Schneider Electric 3/25

 Protection functions Thermal overload
ANSI code 49 RMS

Description For self-ventilated rotating machines, cooling is more effective when the machine is
This function is used to protect equipment (motors, running than when it is stopped. Running and stopping of the equipment are
transformers, generators, lines, capacitors) against calculated from the value of the current:
overloads, based on measurement of the current  running if I > 0.1 Ib
consumed.  stopped if I < 0.1 Ib.
Two time constants may be set:
Operation curve
 T1: heat rise time constant: concerns equipment that is running
The protection gives a trip order when the heat rise E,
 T2: cooling time constant: concerns equipment that is stopped.
calculated according to the measurement of an
equivalent current Ieq, is greater than the set point Es. Accounting for harmonics
The greatest permissible continuous current is The current measured by the thermal protection is an RMS 3-phase current which
I = Ib Es takes into account harmonics up to number 17.
The protection tripping time is set by the time Accounting for ambient temperature
constant T. Most machines are designed to operate at a maximum ambient temperature of 40°.
 the calculated heat rise depends on the current The thermal overload function takes into account the ambient temperature
consumed and the previous heat rise state (Sepam 1000+ equipped with the temperature sensor option (1)) to increase the
 the cold curve defines the protection tripping time calculated heat rise value when the temperature measured exceeds 40°.
based on zero heat rise Tmax – 40°
 the hot curve defines the protection tripping time Increase factor: fa = -----------------------------------------------------
Tmax – Tambient
based on 100 % nominal heat rise.
in which T max is the machine’s maximum temperature.
101 Cold curve T ambient is the measured temperature.
2
 leq
---------
MT10858

 lb  Adaptation of the protection to motor thermal withstand

100 t Motor thermal protection is often set based on the hot and cold curves supplied by
--- = Log -------------------------------
2
T  leq
--------- the machine manufacturer. To fully comply with these experimental curves, additional
10-1  lb  – Es parameters must be set:
 initial heat rise, Eso, is used to reduce the cold tripping time.
10-2  leq
2
--------- – Eso
Hot curve
2 t  lb 
 leq
--------- – 1 modified cold curve: --- = Log -----------------------------------
10-3  lb  T 2
0 5 10 t  leq
--------- – Es
--- = Log -------------------------------
2  lb 
T  leq
---------  a second group of parameters (time constants and set points) is used to take into
 lb  – Es
account thermal withstand with locked rotors. This second set of parameters is taken
into account when the current is greater than an adjustable set point Is.
Alarm set point, tripping set point
Accounting for negative sequence current
Two set points may be set for heat rise:
In the case of motors with coiled rotors, the presence of a negative sequence
 Es1: alarm. component increases the heat rise in the motor. The negative sequence component
 Es2: tripping. of the current is taken into account in the protection by the equation
2 2
"Hot state" set point leq = lph + K ⋅ li in which Iph is the greatest phase current
When the function is used to protect a motor, this fixed Ii is the negative sequence component of
set point is designed for detection of the hot state used the current
by the number of starts function. K is an adjustable factor
The value of the fixed set point is 50%. K may have the following values: 0 - 2.25 - 4.5 - 9
For an asynchronous motor, K is determined as follows:
Heat rise and cooling time constants Cd 1 - – 1 in which Cn, Cd: rated torque and starting torque
K = 2 ⋅ -------- ⋅ ---------------------
Cn ld 2 Ib, Id: basis current and starting current
E E g ⋅ -----

1
 lb g: rated slip.
MT10419

MT10420

1
Learning of the cooling time constant T2
0,63 The cooling time constant T2 may be learnt according to the temperatures measured
0,36 in the equipment by temperature sensors connected to the MET148-2 module.
T2 is calculated every time that the equipment runs for a sufficient time, followed by
0 0 a shutdown (I < 0.1Ib) and temperature stabilization.
T1 t T2 t For motors and generators, T2 is calculated according to the temperatures measured
Heat rise time constant. Cooling time constant. on the stator by RTDs 1, 2 and 3.
For transformers, T2 is calculated according to the temperatures measured on the
primary winding by RTDs 1, 3 and 5.
For better accuracy, it is advisable to measure the ambient temperature with RTD 8.
If in the RTD assignment table, «other applications» is selected, T2 is not calculated.
Once the calculation has been made, the calculated value may be used to replace
the T2 (2) parameter in two ways according to the configuration:
 automatically, in which case each new calculated value updates the T2 constant
used
 or manually by entering the value in the T2 parameter.
(1) MET148-2 module, RTD 8 predefined for ambient temperature measurement.
(2) it is advisable to use the calculated T2 if the equipment has carried out at least three starting
cycles followed by cooling.

3/26 Schneider Electric

 Protection functions Thermal overload
ANSI code 49 RMS

Start inhibit Switching from one group of thermal settings to the other is done without losing the
The thermal overload protection can inhibit the closing heat rise value. It is controlled:
of the motor’s control device until the heat rise drops  either via a logic input, assigned to the "switching of thermal settings" function
back down below a value that allows restarting.  or when the phase current reaches an adjustable Is set point (to be used to
This value takes into account the heat rise produced by process the switching of thermal settings of a motor with locked rotor).
the motor when starting. User information
The inhibition function is grouped together with the The following information is available for the user:
starts per hour protection and the indication START  heat rise
INHIBIT informs the user.  learnt cooling time constant T2
 time before restart enabled (in case of inhibition of starting)
Saving of heat rise  time before tripping (with constant current).
The current heat rise is saved in the event of an auxiliary See chapter "Machine operation assistance functions".
power failure.
Characteristics
Inhibition of tripping
Set point Rate 1 Rate 2
Tripping of the thermal overload protection may be
Setting Es1 alarm set point 50% to 300% 50% to 300%
inhibited by the logic input "Inhibit thermal overload"
Es2 tripping set point 50% to 300% 50% to 300%
when required by the process.
Eso initial heat rise 0 to 100% 0 to 100%
Resolution 1% 1%
Use of two operating rates Time constants
The thermal overload protection function may be used Setting T1 running (heat rise) 1 mn to 600 mn 1 mn to 600 mn
to protect equipment with two operating rates, for
T2 stopped (cooling) 5 mn to 600 mn 5 mn to 600 mn
example:
Resolution 1 mn 1 mn
 transformers with two ventilation modes, with or
Accounting for negative sequence component
without forced ventilation (ONAN / ONAF)
Setting K 0 - 2,25 - 4,5 - 9
 two-speed motors.
Maximum equipment temperature (insulation class)
The protection function comprises two groups of
settings, and each group is suitable for equipment Setting Tmax 60° to 200°
protection in one of the two operating rates. Resolution 1°
The equipment’s basis current, used to calculate heat Tripping time
rise, also depends on the operating rate: Accuracy(1) 2%
 with rate 1, the basis current Ib, defined as a general Change of operating rate
Sepam parameter, is used to calculate the heat rise in By current threshold Is Setting 0,25 to 8 Ib
the equipment By logic input "Switching of thermal settings"
 with rate 2, the basis current Ib-rate 2, a specific Basis current for thermal operating rate 2
thermal overload protection setting, is used to calculate Setting 0,2 to 2,6 In
the heat rise in the equipment. Use of learnt cooling time constant (T2)
Setting Yes / no
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).
Block diagram
MT10859

Schneider Electric 3/27

 Protection functions Thermal overload
ANSI code 49 RMS
Setting examples

Example 1 For an overload of 2*Ib, the value t/T1 = 0.0339 (2) is obtained.
The following data are available: In order for Sepam to trip at the point 1 (t = 70 s), T1 is equal to 2065 sec ≈ 34 min.
 time constants for on operation T1 and off operation With a setting of T1 = 34 min, the tripping time is obtained based on a cold state (point
T2: 2). In this case, it is equal to t/T1 = 0.3216 ⇒ t ⇒ 665 sec, i.e. ≈ 11 min, which is
# T1 = 25 min compatible with the thermal resistance of the motor when cold.
# T2 = 70 min The negative sequence factor is calculated using the equation defined on page 34.
 maximum curve in steady state: Imax/Ib = 1.05. The parameters of the second thermal overload relay do not need to be set.
They are not taken into account by default.
Setting of tripping set point Es2
Es2 = (Imax/Ib)2 = 110% Example 3
Please note: if the motor absorbs a current of 1.05 Ib in The following data are available:
steady state, the heat rise calculated by the thermal  motor thermal resistance in the form of hot and cold curves (see solid line curves
overload protection will reach 110%. in Figure 1),
Setting of alarm set point Es1  cooling time constant T2
Es1 = 90% (I/Ib = 0.95).  maximum steady state current: Imax/Ib = 1.1.
Knegative: 4.5 (usual value) The thermal overload parameters are determined in the same way as in the previous
The other thermal overload parameters do not need to example.
be set. They are not taken into account by default. Setting of tripping set point Es2
Es2 = (Imax/Ib)2 = 120%
Example 2
The following data are available: Setting of alarm set point Es1
 motor thermal resistance in the form of hot and cold Es1 = 90% (I/Ib = 0.95).
curves (see solid line curves in Figure 1) The time constant T1 is calculated so that the thermal overload protection trips after
 cooling time constant T2 100 s (point 1).
 maximum steady state current: Imax/Ib = 1.05. With t/T1 = 0.069 (I/Ib = 2 and Es2 = 120%):
⇒ T1 = 100s / 0.069 = 1449 sec ≈ 24 min.
Setting of tripping set point Es2
The tripping time starting from the cold state is equal to:
Es2 = (Imax/Ib)2 = 110%
t/T1 = 0.3567 ⇒ t = 24 min*0.3567 = 513 s (point 2’).
Setting of alarm set point Es1: This tripping time is too long since the limit for this overload current is 400 s (point 2).
Es1 = 90% (I/Ib = 0.95). If the time constant T1 is lowered, the thermal overload protection will trip earlier,
The manufacturer’s hot/cold curves (1) may be used to below point 2.
determine the heating time constant T1. There risk that motor starting when hot will not be possible also exists in this case
The method consists of placing the Sepam hot/cold (see Figure 2 in which a lower Sepam hot curve would intersect the starting curve
curves below those of the motor. with U = 0.9 Un).
The Es0 parameter is a setting that is used to solve these differences by lowering
the Sepam cold curve without moving the hot curve.
In this example, the thermal overload protection should trip after 400 s starting from
the cold state.
The following equation is used to obtain the Es0 value:
t ne cess ary
2 ---------------------- 2
l T
Eso = -------------------- – e 1
processed . l-------------------
processed – Es2
-
lb lb
Figure 1: motor thermal resistance and thermal with:
overload tripping curves t necessary : tripping time necessary starting from a cold state.
I processed : equipment current.
MT10860

motor cold curve (1) When the machine manufacturer provides both a time constant T1 and the machine hot/cold
Sepam cold curve curves, the use of the curves is recommended since they are more accurate.
(2) The charts containing the numerical values of the Sepam hot curve may be used, or else
the equation of the curve which is given on page 10.
time before tripping/s

665 motor hot curve

2

Sepam hot curve

70 1

1.05 2 I/Ib

3/28 Schneider Electric

 Protection functions Thermal overload
ANSI code 49 RMS
Setting examples

In numerical values, the following is obtained: Use of the additional setting group
400 sec When a motor rotor is locked or is turning very slowly, its thermal behavior is different
---------------------------
4 – 1.2 = 0.3035 ≈ 31%
Eso = 4 – e 24x60sec . from that with the rated load. In such conditions, the motor is damaged by
overheating of the rotor or stator. For high power motors, rotor overheating is most
By setting Es0 = 31%, point 2’ is moved downward to often a limiting factor.
obtain a shorter tripping time that is compatible with the The thermal overload parameters chosen for operation with a low overload are no
motor’s thermal resistance when cold (see Figure 3). longer valid.
Please note: A setting Es0 = 100% therefore means In order to protect the motor in this case, “excessive starting time” protection may be
that the hot and cold curves are the same. used.
Nevertheless, motor manufacturers provide the thermal resistance curves when the
Figure 2: hot/cold curves not compatible with the rotor is locked, for different voltages at the time of starting.
motor’s thermal resistance
Figure 4: Locked rotor thermal resistance
Sepam cold curve motor running locked rotor
MT10861

MT10863

513 2’
motor cold curve
time before tripping/s

400 2
motor hot curve
times / s

1
100 1 Sepam hot curve

3
2
starting at Un
starting at 0.9*Un
1.05 2 I/Ib 4 5 6
1.1 2 Is I/Ib

Figure 3: hot/cold curves compatible with the ➀: thermal resistance, motor running
motor’s thermal resistance via the setting of an ➁: thermal resistance, motor stopped
initial heat rise Eso ➂: Sepam tripping curve
➃: starting at 65% Un
➄: starting at 80% Un
➅: starting at 100% Un
MT10862

adjusted Sepam
cold curve In order to take these curves into account, the second thermal overload relay may be
motor cold curve used.
time before tripping/s

The time constant in this case is, in theory, the shortest one: however, it should not
400 be determined in the same way as that of the first relay.
2
motor hot curve
The thermal overload protection switches between the first and second relay if the
equivalent current Ieq exceeds the Is value (set point current).
100
1 Sepam hot curve

Example 4: transformer with 2 ventilation modes

Given the following data:
starting at Un The rated current of a transformer with 2 ventilation modes is:
starting at 0.9*Un  Ib = 200 A without forced ventilation (ONAN mode), the transformer’s main
operating rate
1.1 2 I/Ib
 Ib = 240 A with forced ventilation (ONAF mode), a temporary operating rate, to
have 20% more power available

Setting of the basis current for ventilation operating rate 1: Ib = 200 A,

(to be set in Sepam general parameters).
Setting of the basis current for ventilation operating rate 2: Ib2 = 240 A
(to be set among the specific thermal overload protection settings).
Switching of thermal settings via logic input, to be assigned to the "switching of
thermal settings" function and to be connected to the transformer ventilation control
unit.
The settings related to each ventilation operating rate (Es set points, time constants,
etc.) are to be determined according to the transformer characteristics provided by
the manufacturer.

Schneider Electric 3/29

Protection functions Thermal overload
ANSI code 49 RMS
Setting examples

Cold curves for Eso = 0

l/Ib 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80
Es (%)
50 0.6931 0.6042 0.5331 0.4749 0.4265 0.3857 0.3508 0.3207 0.2945 0.2716 0.2513 0.2333 0.2173 0.2029 0.1900 0.1782 0.1676
55 0.7985 0.6909 0.6061 0.5376 0.4812 0.4339 0.3937 0.3592 0.3294 0.3033 0.2803 0.2600 0.2419 0.2257 0.2111 0.1980 0.1860
60 0.9163 0.7857 0.6849 0.6046 0.5390 0.4845 0.4386 0.3993 0.3655 0.3360 0.3102 0.2873 0.2671 0.2490 0.2327 0.2181 0.2048
65 1.0498 0.8905 0.7704 0.6763 0.6004 0.5379 0.4855 0.4411 0.4029 0.3698 0.3409 0.3155 0.2929 0.2728 0.2548 0.2386 0.2239
70 1.2040 1.0076 0.8640 0.7535 0.6657 0.5942 0.5348 0.4847 0.4418 0.4049 0.3727 0.3444 0.3194 0.2972 0.2774 0.2595 0.2434
75 1.3863 1.1403 0.9671 0.8373 0.7357 0.6539 0.5866 0.5302 0.4823 0.4412 0.4055 0.3742 0.3467 0.3222 0.3005 0.2809 0.2633
80 1.6094 1.2933 1.0822 0.9287 0.8109 0.7174 0.6413 0.5780 0.5245 0.4788 0.4394 0.4049 0.3747 0.3479 0.3241 0.3028 0.2836
85 1.8971 1.4739 1.2123 1.0292 0.8923 0.7853 0.6991 0.6281 0.5686 0.5180 0.4745 0.4366 0.4035 0.3743 0.3483 0.3251 0.3043
90 2.3026 1.6946 1.3618 1.1411 0.9808 0.8580 0.7605 0.6809 0.6147 0.5587 0.5108 0.4694 0.4332 0.4013 0.3731 0.3480 0.3254
95 1.9782 1.5377 1.2670 1.0780 0.9365 0.8258 0.7366 0.6630 0.6012 0.5486 0.5032 0.4638 0.4292 0.3986 0.3714 0.3470
100 2.3755 1.7513 1.4112 1.1856 1.0217 0.8958 0.7956 0.7138 0.6455 0.5878 0.5383 0.4953 0.4578 0.4247 0.3953 0.3691
105 3.0445 2.0232 1.5796 1.3063 1.1147 0.9710 0.8583 0.7673 0.6920 0.6286 0.5746 0.5279 0.4872 0.4515 0.4199 0.3917
110 2.3979 1.7824 1.4435 1.2174 1.0524 0.9252 0.8238 0.7406 0.6712 0.6122 0.5616 0.5176 0.4790 0.4450 0.4148
115 3.0040 2.0369 1.6025 1.3318 1.1409 0.9970 0.8837 0.7918 0.7156 0.6514 0.5964 0.5489 0.5074 0.4708 0.4384
120 2.3792 1.7918 1.4610 1.2381 1.0742 0.9474 0.8457 0.7621 0.6921 0.6325 0.5812 0.5365 0.4973 0.4626
125 2.9037 2.0254 1.6094 1.3457 1.1580 1.0154 0.9027 0.8109 0.7346 0.6700 0.6146 0.5666 0.5245 0.4874
130 2.3308 1.7838 1.4663 1.2493 1.0885 0.9632 0.8622 0.7789 0.7089 0.6491 0.5975 0.5525 0.5129
135 2.7726 1.9951 1.6035 1.3499 1.1672 1.0275 0.9163 0.8253 0.7494 0.6849 0.6295 0.5813 0.5390
140 2.2634 1.7626 1.4618 1.2528 1.0962 0.9734 0.8740 0.7916 0.7220 0.6625 0.6109 0.5658
145 2.6311 1.9518 1.5877 1.3463 1.1701 1.0341 0.9252 0.8356 0.7606 0.6966 0.6414 0.5934
150 3.2189 2.1855 1.7319 1.4495 1.2498 1.0986 0.9791 0.8817 0.8007 0.7320 0.6729 0.6217
155 2.4908 1.9003 1.5645 1.3364 1.1676 1.0361 0.9301 0.8424 0.7686 0.7055 0.6508
160 2.9327 2.1030 1.6946 1.4313 1.2417 1.0965 0.9808 0.8860 0.8066 0.7391 0.6809
165 2.3576 1.8441 1.5361 1.3218 1.1609 1.0343 0.9316 0.8461 0.7739 0.7118
170 2.6999 2.0200 1.6532 1.4088 1.2296 1.0908 0.9793 0.8873 0.8099 0.7438
175 3.2244 2.2336 1.7858 1.5041 1.3035 1.1507 1.0294 0.9302 0.8473 0.7768
180 2.5055 1.9388 1.6094 1.3832 1.2144 1.0822 0.9751 0.8861 0.8109
185 2.8802 2.1195 1.7272 1.4698 1.2825 1.1379 1.0220 0.9265 0.8463
190 3.4864 2.3401 1.8608 1.5647 1.3555 1.1970 1.0713 0.9687 0.8829
195 2.6237 2.0149 1.6695 1.4343 1.2597 1.1231 1.0126 0.9209
200 3.0210 2.1972 1.7866 1.5198 1.3266 1.1778 1.0586 0.9605

3/30 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Thermal overload
ANSI code 49 RMS
Setting examples

Cold curves for Eso = 0

I/Ib 1.85 1.90 1.95 2.00 2.20 2.40 2.60 2.80 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40 4.60
Es (%)
50 0.1579 0.1491 0.1410 0.1335 0.1090 0.0908 0.0768 0.0659 0.0572 0.0501 0.0442 0.0393 0.0352 0.0317 0.0288 0.0262 0.0239
55 0.1752 0.1653 0.1562 0.1479 0.1206 0.1004 0.0849 0.0727 0.0631 0.0552 0.0487 0.0434 0.0388 0.0350 0.0317 0.0288 0.0263
60 0.1927 0.1818 0.1717 0.1625 0.1324 0.1100 0.0929 0.0796 0.069 0.0604 0.0533 0.0474 0.0424 0.0382 0.0346 0.0315 0.0288
65 0.2106 0.1985 0.1875 0.1773 0.1442 0.1197 0.1011 0.0865 0.075 0.0656 0.0579 0.0515 0.0461 0.0415 0.0375 0.0342 0.0312
70 0.2288 0.2156 0.2035 0.1924 0.1562 0.1296 0.1093 0.0935 0.081 0.0708 0.0625 0.0555 0.0497 0.0447 0.0405 0.0368 0.0336
75 0.2474 0.2329 0.2197 0.2076 0.1684 0.1395 0.1176 0.1006 0.087 0.0761 0.0671 0.0596 0.0533 0.0480 0.0434 0.0395 0.0361
80 0.2662 0.2505 0.2362 0.2231 0.1807 0.1495 0.1260 0.1076 0.0931 0.0813 0.0717 0.0637 0.0570 0.0513 0.0464 0.0422 0.0385
85 0.2855 0.2685 0.2530 0.2389 0.1931 0.1597 0.1344 0.1148 0.0992 0.0867 0.0764 0.0678 0.0607 0.0546 0.0494 0.0449 0.0410
90 0.3051 0.2868 0.2701 0.2549 0.2057 0.1699 0.1429 0.1219 0.1054 0.092 0.0811 0.0720 0.0644 0.0579 0.0524 0.0476 0.0435
95 0.3251 0.3054 0.2875 0.2712 0.2185 0.1802 0.1514 0.1292 0.1116 0.0974 0.0858 0.0761 0.0681 0.0612 0.0554 0.0503 0.0459
100 0.3456 0.3244 0.3051 0.2877 0.2314 0.1907 0.1601 0.1365 0.1178 0.1028 0.0905 0.0803 0.0718 0.0645 0.0584 0.0530 0.0484
105 0.3664 0.3437 0.3231 0.3045 0.2445 0.2012 0.1688 0.1438 0.1241 0.1082 0.0952 0.0845 0.0755 0.0679 0.0614 0.0558 0.0509
110 0.3877 0.3634 0.3415 0.3216 0.2578 0.2119 0.1776 0.1512 0.1304 0.1136 0.1000 0.0887 0.0792 0.0712 0.0644 0.0585 0.0534
115 0.4095 0.3835 0.3602 0.3390 0.2713 0.2227 0.1865 0.1586 0.1367 0.1191 0.1048 0.0929 0.0830 0.0746 0.0674 0.0612 0.0559
120 0.4317 0.4041 0.3792 0.3567 0.2849 0.2336 0.1954 0.1661 0.1431 0.1246 0.1096 0.0972 0.0868 0.0780 0.0705 0.0640 0.0584
125 0.4545 0.4250 0.3986 0.3747 0.2988 0.2446 0.2045 0.1737 0.1495 0.1302 0.1144 0.1014 0.0905 0.0813 0.0735 0.0667 0.0609
130 0.4778 0.4465 0.4184 0.3930 0.3128 0.2558 0.2136 0.1813 0.156 0.1358 0.1193 0.1057 0.0943 0.0847 0.0766 0.0695 0.0634
135 0.5016 0.4683 0.4386 0.4117 0.3270 0.2671 0.2228 0.1890 0.1625 0.1414 0.1242 0.1100 0.0982 0.0881 0.0796 0.0723 0.0659
140 0.5260 0.4907 0.4591 0.4308 0.3414 0.2785 0.2321 0.1967 0.1691 0.147 0.1291 0.1143 0.1020 0.0916 0.0827 0.0751 0.0685
145 0.5511 0.5136 0.4802 0.4502 0.3561 0.2900 0.2414 0.2045 0.1757 0.1527 0.1340 0.1187 0.1058 0.0950 0.0858 0.0778 0.0710
150 0.5767 0.5370 0.5017 0.4700 0.3709 0.3017 0.2509 0.2124 0.1823 0.1584 0.1390 0.1230 0.1097 0.0984 0.0889 0.0806 0.0735
155 0.6031 0.5610 0.5236 0.4902 0.3860 0.3135 0.2604 0.2203 0.189 0.1641 0.1440 0.1274 0.1136 0.1019 0.0920 0.0834 0.0761
160 0.6302 0.5856 0.5461 0.5108 0.4013 0.3254 0.2701 0.2283 0.1957 0.1699 0.1490 0.1318 0.1174 0.1054 0.0951 0.0863 0.0786
165 0.6580 0.6108 0.5690 0.5319 0.4169 0.3375 0.2798 0.2363 0.2025 0.1757 0.1540 0.1362 0.1213 0.1088 0.0982 0.0891 0.0812
170 0.6866 0.6366 0.5925 0.5534 0.4327 0.3498 0.2897 0.2444 0.2094 0.1815 0.1591 0.1406 0.1253 0.1123 0.1013 0.0919 0.0838
175 0.7161 0.6631 0.6166 0.5754 0.4487 0.3621 0.2996 0.2526 0.2162 0.1874 0.1641 0.1451 0.1292 0.1158 0.1045 0.0947 0.0863
180 0.7464 0.6904 0.6413 0.5978 0.4651 0.3747 0.3096 0.2608 0.2231 0.1933 0.1693 0.1495 0.1331 0.1193 0.1076 0.0976 0.0889
185 0.7777 0.7184 0.6665 0.6208 0.4816 0.3874 0.3197 0.2691 0.2301 0.1993 0.1744 0.1540 0.1371 0.1229 0.1108 0.1004 0.0915
190 0.8100 0.7472 0.6925 0.6444 0.4985 0.4003 0.3300 0.2775 0.2371 0.2052 0.1796 0.1585 0.1411 0.1264 0.1140 0.1033 0.0941
195 0.8434 0.7769 0.7191 0.6685 0.5157 0.4133 0.3403 0.2860 0.2442 0.2113 0.1847 0.1631 0.1451 0.1300 0.1171 0.1062 0.0967
200 0.8780 0.8075 0.7465 0.6931 0.5331 0.4265 0.3508 0.2945 0.2513 0.2173 0.1900 0.1676 0.1491 0.1335 0.1203 0.1090 0.0993

Schneider Electric 3/31

Protection functions Thermal overload
ANSI code 49 RMS
Setting examples

Cold curves for Eso = 0

I/Ib 4.80 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00 8.50 9.00 9.50 10.00 12.50 15.00 17.50 20.00
Es (%)
50 0.0219 0.0202 0.0167 0.0140 0.0119 0.0103 0.0089 0.0078 0.0069 0.0062 0.0056 0.0050 0.0032 0.0022 0.0016 0.0013
55 0.0242 0.0222 0.0183 0.0154 0.0131 0.0113 0.0098 0.0086 0.0076 0.0068 0.0061 0.0055 0.0035 0.0024 0.0018 0.0014
60 0.0264 0.0243 0.0200 0.0168 0.0143 0.0123 0.0107 0.0094 0.0083 0.0074 0.0067 0.0060 0.0038 0.0027 0.0020 0.0015
65 0.0286 0.0263 0.0217 0.0182 0.0155 0.0134 0.0116 0.0102 0.0090 0.0081 0.0072 0.0065 0.0042 0.0029 0.0021 0.0016
70 0.0309 0.0284 0.0234 0.0196 0.0167 0.0144 0.0125 0.0110 0.0097 0.0087 0.0078 0.0070 0.0045 0.0031 0.0023 0.0018
75 0.0331 0.0305 0.0251 0.0211 0.0179 0.0154 0.0134 0.0118 0.0104 0.0093 0.0083 0.0075 0.0048 0.0033 0.0025 0.0019
80 0.0353 0.0325 0.0268 0.0225 0.0191 0.0165 0.0143 0.0126 0.0111 0.0099 0.0089 0.0080 0.0051 0.0036 0.0026 0.0020
85 0.0376 0.0346 0.0285 0.0239 0.0203 0.0175 0.0152 0.0134 0.0118 0.0105 0.0095 0.0085 0.0055 0.0038 0.0028 0.0021
90 0.0398 0.0367 0.0302 0.0253 0.0215 0.0185 0.0161 0.0142 0.0125 0.0112 0.0100 0.0090 0.0058 0.0040 0.0029 0.0023
95 0.0421 0.0387 0.0319 0.0267 0.0227 0.0196 0.0170 0.0150 0.0132 0.0118 0.0106 0.0095 0.0061 0.0042 0.0031 0.0024
100 0.0444 0.0408 0.0336 0.0282 0.0240 0.0206 0.0179 0.0157 0.0139 0.0124 0.0111 0.0101 0.0064 0.0045 0.0033 0.0025
105 0.0466 0.0429 0.0353 0.0296 0.0252 0.0217 0.0188 0.0165 0.0146 0.0130 0.0117 0.0106 0.0067 0.0047 0.0034 0.0026
110 0.0489 0.0450 0.0370 0.0310 0.0264 0.0227 0.0197 0.0173 0.0153 0.0137 0.0123 0.0111 0.0071 0.0049 0.0036 0.0028
115 0.0512 0.0471 0.0388 0.0325 0.0276 0.0237 0.0207 0.0181 0.0160 0.0143 0.0128 0.0116 0.0074 0.0051 0.0038 0.0029
120 0.0535 0.0492 0.0405 0.0339 0.0288 0.0248 0.0216 0.0189 0.0167 0.0149 0.0134 0.0121 0.0077 0.0053 0.0039 0.0030
125 0.0558 0.0513 0.0422 0.0353 0.0300 0.0258 0.0225 0.0197 0.0175 0.0156 0.0139 0.0126 0.0080 0.0056 0.0041 0.0031
130 0.0581 0.0534 0.0439 0.0368 0.0313 0.0269 0.0234 0.0205 0.0182 0.0162 0.0145 0.0131 0.0084 0.0058 0.0043 0.0033
135 0.0604 0.0555 0.0457 0.0382 0.0325 0.0279 0.0243 0.0213 0.0189 0.0168 0.0151 0.0136 0.0087 0.0060 0.0044 0.0034
140 0.0627 0.0576 0.0474 0.0397 0.0337 0.0290 0.0252 0.0221 0.0196 0.0174 0.0156 0.0141 0.0090 0.0062 0.0046 0.0035
145 0.0650 0.0598 0.0491 0.0411 0.0349 0.0300 0.0261 0.0229 0.0203 0.0181 0.0162 0.0146 0.0093 0.0065 0.0047 0.0036
150 0.0673 0.0619 0.0509 0.0426 0.0361 0.0311 0.0270 0.0237 0.0210 0.0187 0.0168 0.0151 0.0096 0.0067 0.0049 0.0038
155 0.0696 0.0640 0.0526 0.0440 0.0374 0.0321 0.0279 0.0245 0.0217 0.0193 0.0173 0.0156 0.0100 0.0069 0.0051 0.0039
160 0.0720 0.0661 0.0543 0.0455 0.0386 0.0332 0.0289 0.0253 0.0224 0.0200 0.0179 0.0161 0.0103 0.0071 0.0052 0.0040
165 0.0743 0.0683 0.0561 0.0469 0.0398 0.0343 0.0298 0.0261 0.0231 0.0206 0.0185 0.0166 0.0106 0.0074 0.0054 0.0041
170 0.0766 0.0704 0.0578 0.0484 0.0411 0.0353 0.0307 0.0269 0.0238 0.0212 0.0190 0.0171 0.0109 0.0076 0.0056 0.0043
175 0.0790 0.0726 0.0596 0.0498 0.0423 0.0364 0.0316 0.0277 0.0245 0.0218 0.0196 0.0177 0.0113 0.0078 0.0057 0.0044
180 0.0813 0.0747 0.0613 0.0513 0.0435 0.0374 0.0325 0.0285 0.0252 0.0225 0.0201 0.0182 0.0116 0.0080 0.0059 0.0045
185 0.0837 0.0769 0.0631 0.0528 0.0448 0.0385 0.0334 0.0293 0.0259 0.0231 0.0207 0.0187 0.0119 0.0083 0.0061 0.0046
190 0.0861 0.0790 0.0649 0.0542 0.0460 0.0395 0.0344 0.0301 0.0266 0.0237 0.0213 0.0192 0.0122 0.0085 0.0062 0.0048
195 0.0884 0.0812 0.0666 0.0557 0.0473 0.0406 0.0353 0.0309 0.0274 0.0244 0.0218 0.0197 0.0126 0.0087 0.0064 0.0049
200 0.0908 0.0834 0.0684 0.0572 0.0485 0.0417 0.0362 0.0317 0.0281 0.0250 0.0224 0.0202 0.0129 0.0089 0.0066 0.0050

3/32 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Thermal overload
ANSI code 49 RMS
Setting examples

Hot curves for Eso = 0

I/Ib 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80
Es (%)
105 0.6690 0.2719 0.1685 0.1206 0.0931 0.0752 0.0627 0.0535 0.0464 0.0408 0.0363 0.0326 0.0295 0.0268 0.0245 0.0226
110 3.7136 0.6466 0.3712 0.2578 0.1957 0.1566 0.1296 0.1100 0.0951 0.0834 0.0740 0.0662 0.0598 0.0544 0.0497 0.0457
115 1.2528 0.6257 0.4169 0.3102 0.2451 0.2013 0.1699 0.1462 0.1278 0.1131 0.1011 0.0911 0.0827 0.0755 0.0693
120 3.0445 0.9680 0.6061 0.4394 0.3423 0.2786 0.2336 0.2002 0.1744 0.1539 0.1372 0.1234 0.1118 0.1020 0.0935
125 1.4925 0.8398 0.5878 0.4499 0.3623 0.3017 0.2572 0.2231 0.1963 0.1747 0.1568 0.1419 0.1292 0.1183
130 2.6626 1.1451 0.7621 0.5705 0.4537 0.3747 0.3176 0.2744 0.2407 0.2136 0.1914 0.1728 0.1572 0.1438
135 1.5870 0.9734 0.7077 0.5543 0.4535 0.3819 0.3285 0.2871 0.2541 0.2271 0.2048 0.1860 0.1699
140 2.3979 1.2417 0.8668 0.6662 0.5390 0.4507 0.3857 0.3358 0.2963 0.2643 0.2378 0.2156 0.1967
145 1.6094 1.0561 0.7921 0.6325 0.5245 0.4463 0.3869 0.3403 0.3028 0.2719 0.2461 0.2243
150 2.1972 1.2897 0.9362 0.7357 0.6042 0.5108 0.4408 0.3864 0.3429 0.3073 0.2776 0.2526
155 3.8067 1.5950 1.1047 0.8508 0.6909 0.5798 0.4978 0.4347 0.3846 0.3439 0.3102 0.2817
160 2.0369 1.3074 0.9808 0.7857 0.6539 0.5583 0.4855 0.4282 0.3819 0.3438 0.3118
165 2.8478 1.5620 1.1304 0.8905 0.7340 0.6226 0.5390 0.4738 0.4215 0.3786 0.3427
170 1.9042 1.3063 1.0076 0.8210 0.6914 0.5955 0.5215 0.4626 0.4146 0.3747
175 2.4288 1.5198 1.1403 0.9163 0.7652 0.6554 0.5717 0.5055 0.4520 0.4077
180 3.5988 1.7918 1.2933 1.0217 0.8449 0.7191 0.6244 0.5504 0.4908 0.4418
185 2.1665 1.4739 1.1394 0.9316 0.7872 0.6802 0.5974 0.5312 0.4772
190 2.7726 1.6946 1.2730 1.0264 0.8602 0.7392 0.6466 0.5733 0.5138
195 4.5643 1.9782 1.4271 1.1312 0.9390 0.8019 0.6985 0.6173 0.5518
200 2.3755 1.6094 1.2483 1.0245 0.8688 0.7531 0.6633 0.5914

I/Ib 1.85 1.90 1.95 2.00 2.20 2.40 2.60 2.80 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40 4.60
Es (%)
105 0.0209 0.0193 0.0180 0.0168 0.0131 0.0106 0.0087 0.0073 0.0063 0.0054 0.0047 0.0042 0.0037 0.0033 0.0030 0.0027 0.0025
110 0.0422 0.0391 0.0363 0.0339 0.0264 0.0212 0.0175 0.0147 0.0126 0.0109 0.0095 0.0084 0.0075 0.0067 0.0060 0.0055 0.0050
115 0.0639 0.0592 0.0550 0.0513 0.0398 0.0320 0.0264 0.0222 0.0189 0.0164 0.0143 0.0126 0.0112 0.0101 0.0091 0.0082 0.0075
120 0.0862 0.0797 0.0740 0.0690 0.0535 0.0429 0.0353 0.0297 0.0253 0.0219 0.0191 0.0169 0.0150 0.0134 0.0121 0.0110 0.0100
125 0.1089 0.1007 0.0934 0.0870 0.0673 0.0540 0.0444 0.0372 0.0317 0.0274 0.0240 0.0211 0.0188 0.0168 0.0151 0.0137 0.0125
130 0.1322 0.1221 0.1132 0.1054 0.0813 0.0651 0.0535 0.0449 0.0382 0.0330 0.0288 0.0254 0.0226 0.0202 0.0182 0.0165 0.0150
135 0.1560 0.1440 0.1334 0.1241 0.0956 0.0764 0.0627 0.0525 0.0447 0.0386 0.0337 0.0297 0.0264 0.0236 0.0213 0.0192 0.0175
140 0.1805 0.1664 0.1540 0.1431 0.1100 0.0878 0.0720 0.0603 0.0513 0.0443 0.0386 0.0340 0.0302 0.0270 0.0243 0.0220 0.0200
145 0.2055 0.1892 0.1750 0.1625 0.1246 0.0993 0.0813 0.0681 0.0579 0.0499 0.0435 0.0384 0.0341 0.0305 0.0274 0.0248 0.0226
150 0.2312 0.2127 0.1965 0.1823 0.1395 0.1110 0.0908 0.0759 0.0645 0.0556 0.0485 0.0427 0.0379 0.0339 0.0305 0.0276 0.0251
155 0.2575 0.2366 0.2185 0.2025 0.1546 0.1228 0.1004 0.0838 0.0712 0.0614 0.0535 0.0471 0.0418 0.0374 0.0336 0.0304 0.0277
160 0.2846 0.2612 0.2409 0.2231 0.1699 0.1347 0.1100 0.0918 0.0780 0.0671 0.0585 0.0515 0.0457 0.0408 0.0367 0.0332 0.0302
165 0.3124 0.2864 0.2639 0.2442 0.1855 0.1468 0.1197 0.0999 0.0847 0.0729 0.0635 0.0559 0.0496 0.0443 0.0398 0.0360 0.0328
170 0.3410 0.3122 0.2874 0.2657 0.2012 0.1591 0.1296 0.1080 0.0916 0.0788 0.0686 0.0603 0.0535 0.0478 0.0430 0.0389 0.0353
175 0.3705 0.3388 0.3115 0.2877 0.2173 0.1715 0.1395 0.1161 0.0984 0.0847 0.0737 0.0648 0.0574 0.0513 0.0461 0.0417 0.0379
180 0.4008 0.3660 0.3361 0.3102 0.2336 0.1840 0.1495 0.1244 0.1054 0.0906 0.0788 0.0692 0.0614 0.0548 0.0493 0.0446 0.0405
185 0.4321 0.3940 0.3614 0.3331 0.2502 0.1967 0.1597 0.1327 0.1123 0.0965 0.0839 0.0737 0.0653 0.0583 0.0524 0.0474 0.0431
190 0.4644 0.4229 0.3873 0.3567 0.2671 0.2096 0.1699 0.1411 0.1193 0.1025 0.0891 0.0782 0.0693 0.0619 0.0556 0.0503 0.0457
195 0.4978 0.4525 0.4140 0.3808 0.2842 0.2226 0.1802 0.1495 0.1264 0.1085 0.0943 0.0828 0.0733 0.0654 0.0588 0.0531 0.0483
200 0.5324 0.4831 0.4413 0.4055 0.3017 0.2358 0.1907 0.1581 0.1335 0.1145 0.0995 0.0873 0.0773 0.0690 0.0620 0.0560 0.0509

Schneider Electric 3/33

Protection functions Thermal overload
ANSI code 49 RMS
Setting examples

Hot curves for Eso = 0

I/Ib 4.80 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00 8.50 9.00 9.50 10.00 12.50 15.00 17.50 20.00
Es (%)
105 0.0023 0.0021 0.0017 0.0014 0.0012 0.0010 0.0009 0.0008 0.0007 0.0006 0.0006 0.0005 0.0003 0.0002 0.0002 0.0001
110 0.0045 0.0042 0.0034 0.0029 0.0024 0.0021 0.0018 0.0016 0.0014 0.0013 0.0011 0.0010 0.0006 0.0004 0.0003 0.0003
115 0.0068 0.0063 0.0051 0.0043 0.0036 0.0031 0.0027 0.0024 0.0021 0.0019 0.0017 0.0015 0.0010 0.0007 0.0005 0.0004
120 0.0091 0.0084 0.0069 0.0057 0.0049 0.0042 0.0036 0.0032 0.0028 0.0025 0.0022 0.0020 0.0013 0.0009 0.0007 0.0005
125 0.0114 0.0105 0.0086 0.0072 0.0061 0.0052 0.0045 0.0040 0.0035 0.0031 0.0028 0.0025 0.0016 0.0011 0.0008 0.0006
130 0.0137 0.0126 0.0103 0.0086 0.0073 0.0063 0.0054 0.0048 0.0042 0.0038 0.0034 0.0030 0.0019 0.0013 0.0010 0.0008
135 0.0160 0.0147 0.0120 0.0101 0.0085 0.0073 0.0064 0.0056 0.0049 0.0044 0.0039 0.0035 0.0023 0.0016 0.0011 0.0009
140 0.0183 0.0168 0.0138 0.0115 0.0097 0.0084 0.0073 0.0064 0.0056 0.0050 0.0045 0.0040 0.0026 0.0018 0.0013 0.0010
145 0.0206 0.0189 0.0155 0.0129 0.0110 0.0094 0.0082 0.0072 0.0063 0.0056 0.0051 0.0046 0.0029 0.0020 0.0015 0.0011
150 0.0229 0.0211 0.0172 0.0144 0.0122 0.0105 0.0091 0.0080 0.0070 0.0063 0.0056 0.0051 0.0032 0.0022 0.0016 0.0013
155 0.0253 0.0232 0.0190 0.0158 0.0134 0.0115 0.0100 0.0088 0.0077 0.0069 0.0062 0.0056 0.0035 0.0025 0.0018 0.0014
160 0.0276 0.0253 0.0207 0.0173 0.0147 0.0126 0.0109 0.0096 0.0085 0.0075 0.0067 0.0061 0.0039 0.0027 0.0020 0.0015
165 0.0299 0.0275 0.0225 0.0187 0.0159 0.0136 0.0118 0.0104 0.0092 0.0082 0.0073 0.0066 0.0042 0.0029 0.0021 0.0016
170 0.0323 0.0296 0.0242 0.0202 0.0171 0.0147 0.0128 0.0112 0.0099 0.0088 0.0079 0.0071 0.0045 0.0031 0.0023 0.0018
175 0.0346 0.0317 0.0260 0.0217 0.0183 0.0157 0.0137 0.0120 0.0106 0.0094 0.0084 0.0076 0.0048 0.0034 0.0025 0.0019
180 0.0370 0.0339 0.0277 0.0231 0.0196 0.0168 0.0146 0.0128 0.0113 0.0101 0.0090 0.0081 0.0052 0.0036 0.0026 0.0020
185 0.0393 0.0361 0.0295 0.0246 0.0208 0.0179 0.0155 0.0136 0.0120 0.0107 0.0096 0.0086 0.0055 0.0038 0.0028 0.0021
190 0.0417 0.0382 0.0313 0.0261 0.0221 0.0189 0.0164 0.0144 0.0127 0.0113 0.0101 0.0091 0.0058 0.0040 0.0030 0.0023
195 0.0441 0.0404 0.0330 0.0275 0.0233 0.0200 0.0173 0.0152 0.0134 0.0119 0.0107 0.0096 0.0061 0.0043 0.0031 0.0024
200 0.0464 0.0426 0.0348 0.0290 0.0245 0.0211 0.0183 0.0160 0.0141 0.0126 0.0113 0.0102 0.0065 0.0045 0.0033 0.0025

3/34 Schneider Electric

 Protection functions Phase undercurrent
ANSI code 37

Operation Block diagram

This protection is single-phase: 15ms 0
 it picks up when phase 1 current drops below the Is I1 I < Is T 0

MT10429
& time-delayed
set point output”
 it is inactive when the current is less than 10% of Ib
 it is insensitive to current drops (breaking) due to “pick-up”
circuit breaker tripping signal
 it includes a definite time delay T. I>
0.1 Ib

Tripping of the undercurrent protection may be inhibited Characteristics

by the logic input "Inhibit undercurrent".
$ $
Is set point
Setting 15% Ib Is 100% Ib by steps of 1%
t
Accuracy (1) ± 5%
MT10426

Pick-up/drop-out ratio 106% ± 5% for Is > 0.1 In

$ $
T time delay
T Setting 50 ms T 300 s
Accuracy (1) ± 2% or ± 25 ms
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
0 0,1 Ib Is I Characteristic times
Operation time < 60 ms
Overshoot time < 35 ms
Reset time < 40 ms
Operating principle (1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).
1.06 Is
Is
MT10865

0.1 Ib

“pick up”
signal

time-delayed
output
Case of current sag.

1.06 Is
Is
MT10866

0.1 Ib

“pick up”
signal = 0 <15 ms

time-delayed
output = 0
Case of circuit breaker tripping.

Schneider Electric 3/35

 Protection functions Excessive starting time,
locked rotor
ANSI code 48-51LR

I Operation
MT10430

This function is three-phase.

It comprises two parts:
Is  excessive starting time: during starting, the protection picks up when one of the
3 phase currents is greater than the set point Is for a longer period of time than the
ST time delay (normal starting time)
 locked rotor:
0.1Ib # at the normal operating rate (after starting), the protection picks up when one of
the 3 phase currents is greater than the set point Is for a longer period of time than
excessive ST the LT time delay of the definite time type.
starting time # locked on start: large motors may have very long starting time, due to their inertia
locked or the reduce voltage supply. This starting time is longer than the permissive rotor
rotor blocking time. To protect such a motor LTS timer initiate a trip if a start has been
Case of normal starting. detected (I > Is) or if the motor speed is zero. For a normal start, the input I23 (zero-
speed-switch) disable this protection.

I
Motor re-acceleration
MT10431

When the motor re-accelerates, it consumes a current in the vicinity of the starting
current (> Is) without the current first passing through a value less than 10% of Ib.
Is
The ST time delay, which corresponds to the normal starting time, may be
reinitialized by the logic input "motor re-acceleration" which:
 reinitialize the excessive starting time protection,
0.1Ib  set the locked rotor protection LT time delay to a low value.

ST
Starting is detected when the current consumed is 10% greater than the Ib curent.
excessive
starting time An output is set when starting is in progress, to be used in the equation editor.
locked
rotor
Case of excessive starting time.

Block diagram
I
MT10432

MT11169

Is

0.1Ib

excessive ST LT
starting time
locked
rotor
Case of locked rotor.

Characteristics

$ $
Is set point
Setting 50 % Ib Is 500 % Ib
Resolution 1%
Accuracy (1) ±5 %
Drop out/pick up ratio 93.5 % ±5 %

$ $
Time delay ST, LT and LTS

$ $
Setting ST 500 ms T 300 s

$ $
LT 50 ms T 300 s
LTS 50 ms T 300 s
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Accuracy (1) ±2 % or ±25 ms
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).

3/36 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Starts per hour
ANSI code 66

Operation
This function is three-phase.
It picks up when the number of starts reaches the following limits:
 maximum number of starts (Nt) allowed per period of time (P)
 maximum allowed number of consecutive hot starts (Nh)
 maximum allowed number of consecutive cold starts (Nc).
Starting is detected when the current consumed becomes greater than 10% of the Ib
current.

The number of consecutive starts is the number starts counted during the last P/Nt
minutes, Nt being the number of starts allowed per period.
The motor hot state corresponds to the overshooting of the fixed set point (50% heat
rise) of the thermal overload function.
When the motor re-accelerates, it undergoes a stress similar to that of starting
without the current first passing through a value less than 10% of Ib, in which case
the number of starts is not incremented.
It is possible however to increment the number of starts when a re-acceleration
occurs by a logic data input (logic input "motor re-acceleration").
The "stop/start" time delay T may be used to inhibit starting after a stop until the delay
has elapsed.
Use of circuit breaker closed data
In synchronous motor applications, it is advisable to connect the "circuit breaker
closed" data to a logic input in order to enable more precise detection of starts. If the
"circuit breaker closed" data is not connected to a logic input, the detection of a start
is not conditioned by the position of the circuit breaker.
User information
The following information is available for the user:
 the waiting time before a start is allowed
 the number of starts still allowed.
See chapter "Machine operation assistance functions".

Block diagram
MT11170

Characteristics
Period of time (P)
Setting 1 to 6 hour
Resolution 1
Nt total number of starts
Setting 1 to 60
Resolution 1
Nh and Nc number of consecutive starts
Setting(1) 1 to Nt
Resolution 1
T time delay stop/start $ $
Setting 0 mn T 90 mn

$
Resolution 1 mn or 1 digit
(1) With Nh Nc.

Schneider Electric 3/37

Protection functions Positive sequence undervoltage
and phase rotation direction check
ANSI code 27D-47

Operation
Positive sequence undervoltage
The protection picks up when the positive sequence component Vd of a three-phase
voltage system drops below the Vsd set point with
2
Vd = ( 1 ⁄ 3 ) [ V1 + aV2 + a V3 ]
2
Vd = ( 1 ⁄ 3 ) [ U21 – a U32 ]

2π
j -------
U 3
with V = ------- and a = e
3

 it includes a definite time delay T

 it allows drops in motor electrical torque to be detected.
Phase rotation direction
This protection also allows the phase rotation direction to be detected.
The protection considers that the phase rotation direction is inverse when the positive
sequence voltage is less than 10% of Unp and when the phase-to-phase voltage is
greater than 80% of Unp.

Block diagram
MT10872

Characteristics
Vsd set point
Setting 15 % Unp to 60 % Unp
Accuracy (1) ±2 %
Pick-up/drop-out ratio 103 % ±2.5 %
Resolution 1%
Time delay
Setting 50 ms to 300 s
Accuracy (1) ±2 %, or ±25 ms
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Characteristic times
Operating time pick up < 55 ms
Overshoot time < 35 ms
Reset time < 35 ms
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).

3/38 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Remanent undervoltage
ANSI code 27R

Operation
This protection is single-phase:
 it picks up when the U21 phase-to-phase voltage is less than the Us set point
 the protection includes a definite time delay.

Block diagram
T 0
U21 U < Us time-delayed output

MT10875
(or V1)

“pick-up” signal

Characteristics
Us set point
Setting 5 % Unp to 100 % Unp
Accuracy (1) ±5 % or ±0.005 Unp
Resolution 1%
Drop out/pick up ratio 104 % ±3 %
Time delay T
Setting 50 ms to 300 s
Accuracy (1) ±2 %, or ±25 ms
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Characteristic times
Operation time < 40 ms
Overshoot time < 20 ms
Reset time < 30 ms
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).

Schneider Electric 3/39

Protection functions Undervoltage
ANSI code 27/27S

Operation
The protection function is three-phase and operates according to parameter setting
with phase-to-neutral or phase-to-phase voltage:
 it picks up if one of the 3 phase-to-neutral or phase-to-phase voltages drops below
the Us/Vs set point
 it includes a definite time delay T
 with phase-to-neutral operation, it indicates the faulty phase in the alarm
associated with the fault.

Block diagram
U21/V1 T 0
< Us/ Vs
MT10230

U32/V2 T 0
< Us/ Vs 1 time-delayed
output

U13/V3 T 0
< Us/ Vs

1 “pick-up” signal

Characteristics
Us/Vs set point
Setting 5% Unp/Vnp to 100% Unp/Vnp
Accuracy (1) ±2% or ±0.005 Vnp
Resolution 1%
Drop out/pick up ratio 103% ±2.5%
Time delay T
Setting 50 ms to 300 s
Accuracy (1) ±2%, or ±25 ms
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Characteristic times
Operation time pick-up < 35 ms (typically 25 ms)
Overshoot time < 35 ms
Reset time < 40 ms
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).

Connection conditions
Type of connection V1V2V3 U21 U21/U32 U21 + Vo U21/U32 +Vo
Phase-to-neutral Yes No No No Yes
operation
Phase-to-phase Yes on U21 only Yes on U21 only Yes
operation

3/40 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Overvoltage
ANSI code 59

Operation
The protection function is single-phase and operates with phase-to-neutral or phase-
to-phase voltage:
 it picks up if one of the voltages concerned is above the Us/Vs set point
 it includes a definite time delay T
 with phase-to-neutral operation, it indicates the faulty phase in the alarm
associated with the fault.

Block diagram
U21/V1 T 0
> Us/ Vs

MT10553 U32/V2 T 0
> Us/ Vs 1 time-delayed output

U13/V3 T 0
> Us/ Vs

1 “pick-up” signal

Characteristics
Us/Vs set point
Setting 50 % Unp/Vnp to 150% Unp/Vnp(2)
Accuracy (1) ±2 % or ±0.005 Unp
Resolution 1%
Drop out/pick up ratio 97 % ±1 %
Time delay T
Setting 50 ms to 300 s
Accuracy (1) ±2%, or ±25 ms
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Characteristic times
Operation time pick-up < 35 ms (typically 25 ms)
Overshoot time < 35 ms
Reset time < 40 ms

(2) 135 % Unp with VT 230 / 

(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).
.

Connnection conditions
Type of connection V1V2V3 U21 U21/U32 U21 + Vo U21/U32 +Vo
Phase-to-neutral Yes No No No Yes
operation
Phase-to-phase Yes on U21 only Yes on U21 only Yes
operation

Schneider Electric 3/41

Protection functions Neutral voltage displacement
ANSI code 59N

Operation
The protection function picks up if the residual voltage Vo is above a Vso set point,
with Vo = V1 + V2 + V3 ,
 it includes a definite time delay T.
 the residual voltage is either calculated from the 3 phase voltages or measured by
an external VT
 the protection function operates for connections: V1V2V3, U21/U32 + Vo and
U21 + Vo.

Block diagram
V1
MT10548
V2 Σ
V3
T 0
Vo > Vso time-delayed output

external VT
“pick-up” signal

Characteristics
Vso set point


Setting 2 % Unp to 80 % Unp if Vnso (2) = sum of 3Vs


2 % Unp to 80 % Unp if Vnso(2) = Uns
5 % Unp to 80 % Unp if Vnso(2) = Uns
Accuracy (1) ±2 % or ±0.005 Unp
Resolution 1%
Drop out/pick up ratio 97 % ±1 %
Temporisation T
Setting 50 ms to 300 s
Accuracy (1) ±2 %, or ±25 ms
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Characteristic times
Operation time pick-up < 35 ms
Overshoot time < 35 ms
Reset time < 40 ms
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).
(2) Vnso is one of the general settings.

3/42 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Negative sequence overvoltage
ANSI code 47

Operation
The protection function picks up if the negative sequence component of the voltages
(Vi) is above the set point (Vsi).
 it includes a definite time delay T
 the negative sequence voltage Vi is determined from the three phase voltages:

Vi =  --- V1 + a V2 + aV3
1 2
3
or
Vi =  --- [ U21 – aU32 ]
1
3

2π
j -------
with a = e 3

This protection funciton only operates with connections V1V2V3,

U21/U32 + Vo and U21/U32.

Block diagram
U21 T 0
Vi >Vsi time-delayed output
MT10554

U32

“pick-up” signal

Characteristics
Vsi set point

"
Setting 1 % Unp to 50 % Unp
Accuracy (1) ±2 % for Vi 10 % Unp
±5 % for Vi < 10 % Unp

"
Resolution 1%
Drop out/pick up ratio (97 ±2.5) % at Vi 10 % Unp
Time delay T
Setting 50 ms to 300 s
Accuracy (1) ±2 %, or ±25 ms
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Characteristic times
Operation time pick-up < 55 ms
Overshoot time < 35 ms
Reset time < 55 ms
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).

Schneider Electric 3/43

Protection functions Overfrequency
ANSI code 81H

Operation
The protection function picks up when the positive sequence voltage frequency is
above the Fs set point and the positive sequence voltage is above the Vs set point.
If a single VT is connected (U21), the function picks up when the frequency is above
the Fs set point and the U21 voltage is above the Vs set point.
It includes a definite time delay T.

Block diagram

MT11171

(1) or U21 > Vs if only one VT.

Characteristics
Fs set point
Setting 50 to 53 Hz or 60 to 63 Hz
Accuracy (1) ±0.02 Hz
Resolution 0.1 Hz
Pick up / drop out difference 0.25 Hz ±0.1 Hz
Vs set point
Setting 20% Unp to 50% Unp
Accuracy (1) ±2%
Resolution 1%
Time delay T
Setting 100 ms to 300 s
Accuracy (1) ±2% or ±25 ms
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Characteristic times (1)
Operation time pick-up < 80 ms (typically 80 ms)
Overshoot time < 40 ms
Reset time < 50 ms
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).

3/44 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Underfrequency
ANSI code 81L

Operation
The function picks up when the positive sequence voltage frequency is below the Fs
set point and if the negative sequence voltage is above the Vs set point.
If a single VT is connected (U21), the function picks up when the frequency is below
the Fs set point and the U21 voltage is is above the Vs set point.
It includes a definite time delay T.

The protection function includes a restraint which may be configured according to the
rate of change of frequency which inhibits the protection in the event of a continuous
decrease in frequency greater than the inhibition set point.
This setting avoids the tripping of all the feeders when the busbar is resupplied by
remanent motor voltage following the loss of the incomer.

MT11172 Block diagram

(1) or U21 > Vs if only one VT.

Characteristics
Fs set point
Setting 40 to 50 Hz or 50 to 60 Hz
Accuracy (1) ±0.02 Hz
Resolution 0.1 Hz
Pick-up / drop out difference 0.25 Hz ±0.1 Hz
Vs set point
Setting 20 % Unp to 50 % Unp
Accuracy (1) 2%
Resolution 1%
Restraint on frequency variation
Setting With / without
dFs/dt set point 1 Hz/s to 15 Hz/s
Accuracy (1) 1 Hz/s
Resolution 1 Hz/s
Time delay T
Setting 100 ms to 300 s
Accuracy(1) ±2% or ±25 ms
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Characteristic times(1)
Operation time pick-up < 80 ms
Overshoot time < 40 ms
Reset time < 50 ms
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).

Schneider Electric 3/45

Protection functions Recloser
ANSI code 79

Definition Recloser cycles

 case of a cleared fault:
Reclaim time
# following a reclosing order, if the fault does not appear after the reclaim time has run
The reclaim time delay is activated by a circuit breaker
out, the recloser reinitializes and a message appears on the display (see example 1).
closing order given by the recloser.
 case of a fault that is not cleared:
If no faults are detected before the end of the reclaim
# following instantaneous or time-delayed tripping by the protection unit, activation of
time delay, the initial fault is considered to have been
the dead time associated with the first active cycle.
cleared.
At the end of the dead time, a closing order is given, which activates the reclaim time.
Otherwise a new reclosing cycle is initiated.
If the protection unit detects the fault before the end of the time delay, a tripping order
is given and the following reclosing cycle is activated.
Safety time until recloser ready # after all the active cycles have been run, if the fault still persists, a final trip order is
After manual closing of the circuit breaker, the recloser given, a message appears on the display and closing is locked out until
function is inhibited during this time. If a fault occurs acknowledgment takes place, according to the parameter setting of the protection
during this time, no reclosing cycles are initiated and function.
the circuit breaker remains permanently open.  closing on a fault.
If the circuit breaker closes on a fault, or if the fault appears before the end of the
Dead time safety time delay, the recloser is inhibited.
The cycle n dead time delay is activated by the circuit Recloser inhibition conditions
breaker tripping order given by the recloser in cycle n. The recloser is inhibited according to the following conditions:
The breaking device remains open throughout the time  voluntary open or close order
delay.  recloser put out of service
At the end of the cycle n dead time delay, the n+1 cycle  receipt of a inhibtion order on the logic input
begins, and the recloser orders the closing of the circuit  activation of the breaker failure function (50BF)
breaker.  appearance of a switchgear-related fault, such as trip circuit fault, control fault, SF6
pressure drop
Operation  opening of the circuit breaker by a protection unit that does not run reclosing cycles
Initialization of the recloser (e.g. frequency protection) pr by external tripping. In such cases, a final trip message
The recloser is ready to operate if all of the following appears.
conditions are met: Extension of the dead time
 "CB control" function activated and recloser in service If, during a reclosing cycle, reclosing of the circuit breaker is impossible because
 circuit breaker closed breaker recharging is not finished (following a drop in auxiliary voltage, recharging
 safety time until 79 ready elapsed time is longer), the dead time may be extended up to the time at which the circuit
 none of the recloser inhibition conditions is true (see breaker is ready to carry out an "Open-Close-Open" cycle. The maximum time
further on). addded to the dead time is adjustable (Twait_max). If, at the end of the maximum
The "recloser ready" information may be viewed with the waiting time, the circuit breaker is still not ready, the recloser is inhibited (see example
control matrix. 4, 5).

Characteristics
Reclosing cycles Setting
Number of cycles 1 to 4
Activation of cycle 1 (1) max I 1 to 4 inst. / delayed / no activation
max Io 1 to 4 inst. / delayed / no activation
directional max I 1 to 2 inst. / delayed / no activation
directional max Io 1 to 2 inst. / delayed / no activation
V_TRIPCB output activation / no activation
(logical equation)
Activation of cycles 2, 3 and 4 (1) max I 1 to 4 inst. / delayed / no activation
max Io 1 to 4 inst. / delayed / no activation
directional max I 1 to 2 inst. / delayed / no activation
directional max Io 1 to 2 inst. / delayed / no activation
V_TRIPCB output activation / no activation
(logical equation)
Time delays
Reclaim time 0.1 to 300 s
Dead time cycle 1 0.1 to 300 s
cycle 2 0.1 to 300 s
cycle 3 0.1 to 300 s
cycle 4 0.1 to 300 s
Safety time until 79 ready 0 to 60 s
Maximum additional dead time 0.1 to 60 s
(Twait_max)
Accuracy ±2% or 25 ms
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
(1) If a protection function that does not activate reclosing cycles leads to circuit breaker opening,
the recloser is inhibited.

3/46 Schneider Electric

 Protection functions Recloser
ANSI code 79

Example 1: fault cleared after the second cycle

MT10555

Example 2: fault not cleared

MT10556

Schneider Electric 3/47

 Protection functions Recloser
ANSI code 79

Example 3: closing on a fault

MT10557

Example 4: no extension of dead time

MT10558

Example 5: extension of dead time

MT10564

3/48 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Temperature monitoring
ANSI code 49T-38

Operation
This protection is associated with an RTD of the Pt100 platinum (100 Ω at 0 °C) or
(nickel 100 Ω, nickel 120 Ω) type in accordance with the IEC 60751 and DIN 43760
standards.
 it picks up when the monitored temperature is greater than the Ts set point
 it has two independent set points:
# alarm set point
# tripping set point
 when the protection is activated, it detects whether the RTD is shorted or
disconnected:
# RTD shorting is detected if the measured temperature is less than -35 °C
(measurement displayed “****”)
# RTD disconnection is detected if the measured temperature is greater than
+205 °C (measurement displayed “-****”).
If an RTD fault is detected, the set point output relays are inhibited: the protection
outputs are set to zero.
The "RTD fault" item is also made available in the control matrix and an alarm
message is generated specifying the faulty RTD module.

Block diagram
MT10878

T < +205 ˚C
& T > Ts1 set point 1

RTD T > Ts2 set point 2

& RTD’s fault

T > -35 ˚C

Characteristics
Ts1 and Ts2 set points °C °F
Setting 0 °C to 180 °C 32 °F to 356 °F
Accuracy (1) ± 1,5 °C ± 2.7 °F
Resolution 1 °C 1 °F
Pick-up/drop-out difference 3 °C ± 0,5 °
Characteristic times
Tripping time < 5 seconds
(1) see temperature measurement chapter for accuracy derating according to wiring cross-
section

Standard RTD assignments

The standard assignments described below may be selected when the first MET148-
2 module is configured (SFT2841 hardware configuration screen). It is compulsory
to choose an assignment in order to use the thermal overload "Cooling time constant
calculation" function.
Motor/generator Transformer
choice choice
(M41, G40) (T40, T42)
RTD 1 Stator 1 Phase 1-T1
RTD 2 Stator 2 Phase 1-T2
RTD 3 Stator 3 Phase 2-T1
RTD 4 Bearing 1 Phase 2-T2
RTD 5 Bearing 2 Phase 3-T1
RTD 6 Bearing 3 Phase 3-T2
RTD 7 Bearing 4
RTD 8 Ambient temperature Ambient temperature

Schneider Electric 3/49

Protection functions General
IDMT protection functions

Operation time depends on the type of protection The time delay setting that should be made in order for the operation curve to pass
(phase current, earth fault current, …). through the point k(Ik, tk) is:
Operation is represented by a characteristic curve:
 t = f(I) curve for the phase overcurrent function tk
ts
T = Ts10 × ---------

MT10537
 t = f(Io) curve for the earth fault function. tsk
The rest of the document is based on t = f(I); the
reasoning may be extended to other variables Io,…
The curve is defined by:
tk k
 type (standard inverse, very inverse, extremely
inverse...)
tsk
 current setting Is which corresponds to the vertical
asymptote of the curve Ts10
 time delay T which corresponds to the operation time
for I = 10 Is.

These 3 settings are made chronologically in the 1 Ik/Is 10 I/Is

following order: type, Is current, time delay T. Another practical method:
Changing the time delay T setting by x% changes all of The table on the next page gives the values of
the operation times in the curve by x%.
ts I
K = ------------ as a function of -----
ts10 Is
Examples of problems to be solved
tsk
Problem 1 In the column that corresponds to the type of time delay, read the value K = --------------
Ts10
Knowing the type of IDMT, determine the Is current and in the line for Ik
-----
time delay T settings. Is
Theoretically, the current setting Is corresponds to the The time delay setting to be used so that the operation curve passes through the
maximum current that may be permanent: it is generally tk
point k (Ik, tk) is: T = -----
the rated current of the protected equipment (cable, k
transformer). .
The time delay T is set to the operation point at 10Is on Example
the curve. This setting is determined taking into Data:
account the constraints involved in discrimination with type of time delay: standard inverse time (SIT)
the upstream and downstream protection devices. set point: Is
The discrimination constraint leads to the definition of a point k on the operation curve: k (3.5 Is; 4 s)
point A on the operation curve (IA, tA), e.g. the point
that corresponds to the maximum fault current affecting Question: What is the time delay T setting (operation time at 10 Is)?
the downstream protection device.
Reading of the table: SIT column
I
Problem 2 line ----- = 3, 5
Is
Knowing the type of IDMT, the current setting Is and a
point k (Ik, tk) on the operation curve, determine the
K = 1.86
time delay setting T. 4
On the standard curve of the same type, read the Answer: The time delay setting is T = ------------- = 2, 15s
1, 86
operation time tsk that corresponds to the relative
current Problem 3
lk Knowing the current Is and time delay T settings for a type of time delay (standard
-----
ls inverse, very inverse, extremely inverse), find the operation time for a current value
and the operation time Ts10 that corresponds to the of IA.
relative current On the standard curve of the same type, read the operation time tsA that corresponds
l to the relative current
----- = 10
ls IA
------
Is
I
and the operation time Ts10 that corresponds to the relative current ----- = 10
Is
The operation time tA for the current IA with the Is and T settings is
T
tA = tsA × --------------
Ts10 ts
MT10216

tA
T
tsA
Ts10

1 IA/Is 10 I/Is

3/50 Schneider Electric

Protection functions General
IDMT protection functions

Another practical method: the table below gives the Example

values of Data:
ts I
K = -------------- as a function of -----
 type of time delay: very inverse time (VIT)
Ts10 Is  set point: Is
In the column that corresponds to the type  time delay T = 0.8 s
Question: What is the operation time for the current IA = 6 Is?
tsA
of time delay, read the value K = -------------
- Reading of the table: VIT column
Ts10
IA
on the line for ------ I
line ----- = 6
Is Is
The operation time tA for the current IA Answer: The operation time for the current IA is t = 1.80 x 0.8 = 1.44 s.
with the Is and T settings is tA = K. T

Table of values of K
I/Is SIT VIT, LTI EIT UIT RI IEEE MI IEEE VI IEEE EI IAC I IAC VI IAC EI
and IEC/A and IEC/B and IEC/C (IEC/D) (IEC/E) (IEC/F)
1.0 — — — — 3.062 — — — 62.005 62.272 200.226
1.1 24.700(1) 90.000(1) 471.429(1) — 2.534 22.461 136.228 330.606 19.033 45.678 122.172
1.2 12.901 45.000 225.000 545.905 2.216 11.777 65.390 157.946 9.413 34.628 82.899
1.5 5.788 18.000 79.200 179.548 1.736 5.336 23.479 55.791 3.891 17.539 36.687
2.0 3.376 9.000 33.000 67.691 1.427 3.152 10.199 23.421 2.524 7.932 16.178
2.5 2.548 6.000 18.857 35.490 1.290 2.402 6.133 13.512 2.056 4.676 9.566
3.0 2.121 4.500 12.375 21.608 1.212 2.016 4.270 8.970 1.792 3.249 6.541
3.5 1.858 3.600 8.800 14.382 1.161 1.777 3.242 6.465 1.617 2.509 4.872
4.0 1.676 3.000 6.600 10.169 1.126 1.613 2.610 4.924 1.491 2.076 3.839
4.5 1.543 2.571 5.143 7.513 1.101 1.492 2.191 3.903 1.396 1.800 3.146
5.0 1.441 2.250 4.125 5.742 1.081 1.399 1.898 3.190 1.321 1.610 2.653
5.5 1.359 2.000 3.385 4.507 1.065 1.325 1.686 2.671 1.261 1.473 2.288
6.0 1.292 1.800 2.829 3.616 1.053 1.264 1.526 2.281 1.211 1.370 2.007
6.5 1.236 1.636 2.400 2.954 1.042 1.213 1.402 1.981 1.170 1.289 1.786
7.0 1.188 1.500 2.063 2.450 1.033 1.170 1.305 1.744 1.135 1.224 1.607
7.5 1.146 1.385 1.792 2.060 1.026 1.132 1.228 1.555 1.105 1.171 1.460
8.0 1.110 1.286 1.571 1.751 1.019 1.099 1.164 1.400 1.078 1.126 1.337
8.5 1.078 1.200 1.390 1.504 1.013 1.070 1.112 1.273 1.055 1.087 1.233
9.0 1.049 1.125 1.238 1.303 1.008 1.044 1.068 1.166 1.035 1.054 1.144
9.5 1.023 1.059 1.109 1.137 1.004 1.021 1.031 1.077 1.016 1.026 1.067
10.0 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
10.5 0.979 0.947 0.906 0.885 0.996 0.981 0.973 0.934 0.985 0.977 0.941
11.0 0.959 0.900 0.825 0.787 0.993 0.963 0.950 0.877 0.972 0.957 0.888
11.5 0.941 0.857 0.754 0.704 0.990 0.947 0.929 0.828 0.960 0.939 0.841
12.0 0.925 0.818 0.692 0.633 0.988 0.932 0.912 0.784 0.949 0.922 0.799
12.5 0.910 0.783 0.638 0.572 0.985 0.918 0.896 0.746 0.938 0.907 0.761
13.0 0.895 0.750 0.589 0.518 0.983 0.905 0.882 0.712 0.929 0.893 0.727
13.5 0.882 0.720 0.546 0.471 0.981 0.893 0.870 0.682 0.920 0.880 0.695
14.0 0.870 0.692 0.508 0.430 0.979 0.882 0.858 0.655 0.912 0.868 0.667
14.5 0.858 0.667 0.473 0.394 0.977 0.871 0.849 0.631 0.905 0.857 0.641
15.0 0.847 0.643 0.442 0.362 0.976 0.861 0.840 0.609 0.898 0.846 0.616
15.5 0.836 0.621 0.414 0.334 0.974 0.852 0.831 0.589 0.891 0.837 0.594
16.0 0.827 0.600 0.388 0.308 0.973 0.843 0.824 0.571 0.885 0.828 0.573
16.5 0.817 0.581 0.365 0.285 0.971 0.834 0.817 0.555 0.879 0.819 0.554
17.0 0.808 0.563 0.344 0.265 0.970 0.826 0.811 0.540 0.874 0.811 0.536
17.5 0.800 0.545 0.324 0.246 0.969 0.819 0.806 0.527 0.869 0.804 0.519
18.0 0.792 0.529 0.307 0.229 0.968 0.812 0.801 0.514 0.864 0.797 0.504
18.5 0.784 0.514 0.290 0.214 0.967 0.805 0.796 0.503 0.860 0.790 0.489
19.0 0.777 0.500 0.275 0.200 0.966 0.798 0.792 0.492 0.855 0.784 0.475
19.5 0.770 0.486 0.261 0.188 0.965 0.792 0.788 0.482 0.851 0.778 0.463
20.0 0.763 0.474 0.248 0.176 0.964 0.786 0.784 0.473 0.848 0.772 0.450
(1) values only suitable for IEC A, B and C curves.

Schneider Electric 3/51

 Protection functions General
IDMT protection functions

Standard inverse time SIT curve Extremely inverse time EIT curve
Very inverse time VIT or LTI curve Ultra inverse time UIT curve
t (s) t (s)
100.00 1 000.00
MT10539

MT10540
100.00

10.00

curve (T = 1s)

curve (T = 1s)

10.00

1.00 RI

inverse time SIT

1.00

very inverse time VIT or LTI

extremely inverse EIT

ultra inverse UIT

I/Is
I/Is 0.10
0.10
1 10 100
1 10 100

IEEE curves IAC curves

t (s) t (s)
10000.00 1 000.00
MT10528

MT10529

1000.00

100.00

VI
100.00

MI EI

VI
10.00

EI

10.00

1.00

1.00

I/Is
0.10 I/Is 0.10
1 10 100 1 10 100

3/52 Schneider Electric

 Protection functions General
IDMT protection functions

Curve equations
IEC curve, inverse type Characteristic curves k α β
k - T
t d ( I ) = ---------------------- × --- IEC standard inverse / A 0.14 0.02 2.97
I α
 ---- β IEC very inverse / B 13.5 1 1.50
- –1
 Is IEC long time inverse / B 120 1 13.33
IEC curve, RI type IEC extremely inverse / C 80 2 0.808
I T IEC ultra inverse 315.2 2.5 1
t d ( I ) = ------------------------------------------------------ × -------------------
– 1 3, 1706
0, 339 – 0,236  ----
I
Is

IEEE curve Characteristic curves A B p β

with IEEE moderately inverse 0.010 0.023 0.02 0.241
IEEE very inverse 3.922 0.098 2 0.138
 
  IEEE extremely inverse 5.64 0.0243 2 0.081
t d ( I ) =  ----------------------- + B × ---
A T
P β
  ---- – 1
I 
  I s 

IAC curve Characteristic curves A B C D E β

with IAC inverse 0.208 0.863 0.800 -0.418 0.195 0.297
IAC very inverse 0.090 0.795 0.100 -1.288 7.958 0.165
 
 B D E  T IAC extremely inverse 0.004 0.638 0.620 1.787 0.246 0.092
t d ( I ) = A + -------------------- + ----------------------- + ----------------------- x -----
 β
–  
2 3
----
I
–   - – C
I ----
I
 Is- C ---- Is  Is- C 

Example: TMS multiplying factor

The time delay of IDMT tripping curves
MT10530

ts IEC curve VIT type

(except for RI curve) may be set:
 either by T sec (operation time at 10 x Is)
TMS = 1  or by TMS (factor that corresponds to T --- in the equations above).
β
Example :
13, 5 T
t ( I ) = -------------------- × TMS with: TMS = ---------
T = 1.5 sec  ----
I 1, 5
- –1
 Is
The IEC curve of the VIT type is positioned so as to be the same with
TMS = 1 or T = 1.5 sec.

10 I/Is

example: Timer hold delay T1

 definite time :
MT10531

tr
enables the function to be activated with intermittent faults
 IDMT:
makes it possible to emulate an electromagnetic disk protection relay.

TMS = 1
T1 T T- = TMS
t r ( I ) = ----------------------2 × --- with : --
β β
1 –  -----
I
Is
T1

T1 = timer hold delay setting (timer hold delay for I reset = 0 and TMS = 1)
T = tripping time delay setting (at 10 Is)
k -
β = basic tripping curve value at 10Is = ------------------
α
0 1 I/Is 10 – 1
The standardized or estimated values of T1 are available in the SFT2841 software
help.

Schneider Electric 3/53