NAME……………………….…………………………………….ADMNO………….

STREAM…………………............................NAME OF SCHOOL...............................

DATE………………………………..…..SIGN…………………………….………….

BIOLOGY
FORM THREE

Time: 2½ Hours

INSTRUCTIONS

 All Questions are Compulsory

 Write your Answers in the Spaces Provided
 Wrong Spelling of Technical Terms shall be Penalized

Max Score Student’s Score

80

MARKING SCHEME
 2

1. Name the components of blood that are absent in the tissue fluid. (2marks)

Red blood cells;

Plasma proteins;

2. The apparatus shown was used in an experiment. The carbon (IV) oxide content of the water in each
test-tube was measured at the start of the experiment and again three hours later.

(i) In which test-tube will the carbon (IV) oxide concentration decrease? (1 Mark)

C;

(ii) Account for your answer in 2 (i) above. (2 Marks)

Light enhance photosynthesis; the plant will use up CO2 in photosynthesis;

3. (i) Name the association between leguminous plant and rhizobium bacteria. (1mark)

Symbiosis;
 3

(ii) State the biological significance of the association named in 3(i) above in the environment.

Fixation of Nitrogen fo plant’s use; (1 Mark)

4. The diagram shows a cross-section of part of a leaf.

(i) Name the cell labelled X. (1 Mark)

Palisade mesophyll cell;

(ii) Give two ways in which cell X and cell Y differ structurally. (2 Marks)

X is cylindrical Y is irregularly shaped;

X has more chloroplast than Y;

5. A certain solution was boiled in a clean test tube containing equal amount of Benedict’s solution for
three minutes. The color turned orange. Suggest the food material likely to be present. (1mark)

Reducing sugar;

6. The diagram shows the first part of a kidney nephron and its blood supply. During filtration, protein mol-
ecules do not pass through the wall of the glomerulus.
 4

(i) Give a reason for the absence of protein molecules in part A. (1 Mark)

They are too large to be ultrafiltered (at B);

(ii) Mention two factors that encourage high pressure at part B. (2 Marks)

High bllod pressure due to pumping at the heart;

C/ afferent arteriole has smaller than D/ efferent arteriole;
7. The diagram below shows a fruit of a certain plant.

(a) (i) Name the likely agent of dispersal. (1mark)

Animal;

(ii)Give a reason for your answer in 7(i) above. (1 Mark)

Presence of a hook which stick on the fur of passing animals;

(iii) Label any two parts on the diagram. (2 Marks)

Correct label on the pericarp;
Correct label on persistent calyx/ hook;

8. State functions of the following organelles.

 5

(i) Centrioles (1 Mark)

Flagella and cilia formation/ cell division/ formation of spindle fibres during cell division;
(ii) Golgi bodies (1 Mark)
Packaging glycoproteins/transport glycoproteins/produce lysosomes/secrete synthesized
glycoproteins,hormones,enzymes;
9. The diagram below represents a mature embryo sac. Study it and answer the questions below.

(i) Identify the parts labeled P, W and S. (3 Marks)

P Antipodals;

W Funicle;

S Synergid;

(ii) What does part labeled T, R and Q change to after fertilization. (3 Marks)
T Seed testa/ seed coat;
 6

R Egg cell;

Q Polar nuclei;

10. Name the specific part where the following biological processes take place;

(i) Photolysis in the chloroplast. (1 Mark)

Grana;

(ii) Carbon (IV) oxide fixation in the chloroplast. (1 Mark)

Stroma;

(iii) Glycolysis in cell respiration (1 Mark)

Cytoplasm;

11. The main surfaces for gaseous exchange are known to have a large surface area. Identify the features
that enhance the suface area in the following respiratory organs.

(i) The gill (1 Mark)

Long/ numerous gill filaments;

(ii)Mammalian lung (1 Mark)

Numerous alveoli;

(iii) Tracheal system in insects. (1 Mark)

Numerous tracheole;

12. The diagram shows part of the mechanism that controls blood sugar concentration.
 7

(a) A person does one hour of exercise. Starting with the pancreas, what is the sequence of events in
which the hormone glucagon is involved. (1 Mark)

5. more glucagon released

4. less glycogen in the liver

1. more glucose in blood

Complete correct sequence 1 or 0 score

(b) State the expected changes in the following at the time of vigorous exercise.

(i) Superficial arteries. (1 Mark)

Dilation;

(ii) Amount of urine formed. (1 Mark)

Less/ little;
 8

(c) Explain the answers given in 12 (b) above. (2 Marks)

Little urine because of more sweat production; Dilation because of increase of internal temperature
beyond optimum, need to lose excess heat to the environment;

13. The diagram shows a cross-section through the heart of a mammal.

(i) Name the parts labeled P and R. (1 Mark)

P Left auricle/ Left atrium;

R Left ventricle;
 9

(ii) Give the function of the part labeled Q. (2 Marks)

Prevent backflow of blood; during contraction of ventricles;
(iii) Account for the large size of the part labeled S. (2 Marks)
To generate high pressure; to pump blood the whole body/for systemic circulation/pump blood
to a longer distance;
14. The diagram below represents internal structure of a mammalian tooth.

(i) Name the parts labeled B and D (2marks)

B Dentine;
D Gum;
(ii) Name the mineral that takes part in the formation part A. (1 Mark)
Calcium;
(iii) State two adaptations of section C for its functions. (2 Marks)
Has nerves for sensitivity;
Has blood vessels for supply of nutrients and removal of waste products;

15. Suggest the most suitable population estimation method of grasshoppers in your school compound.
(1 Mark)
Capture recapture;
16. State any two theories that explain the mechanism of opening and closing of stomata. (2Marks)
Mineral ion/ photosynthetic/ starch – sugar interconversion;
17. (i) Name the secretion from sebaceous gland of mammals. (1 Mark)
 10

Sebum;
(ii) Give two functions of the secretion named in 17(i) above. (1 Mark)
Mild antiseptic;
Makes the skin soft/ makes hair supple;
18. Explain the homeostatic function of sweat in mammals. (2 Mark)
Water in sweat; evaporate hence cools the body / goes with latent heat of vaporization;
19. Give the function of vascular bundles. (2 Marks)
Has xylem; to transport water and mineral salts;/ Has phloem; to conduct organic compounds;
20. The scientific name of organism that causes malaria is PLASMODIUM OVALE. How would a
student write the name in her exercise book correctly? (2marks)
Correctly written and underlined separately;
21. In which part of the alimentary canal does ingestion take place. (1 Mark)
Mouth;
22. The diagram shows the cell of an organism. The nucleus contains 12 chromosomes.

(i) After this cell divides by meiosis, how many chromosomes would be present in one of the
daughter cells?
6; (1 Mark)
(ii) List two events that take place in Anaphase I. (2 Marks)
Homologous chromosomes separate;
Homologous chromosomes pulled towards the poles;

23. The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle.

 11

(i) Name the processes W, X and Z. (3 Marks)

W Denitrification;

X Nitrification;

Z Nitrogen fixation;
(ii) Which two organisms make process Y successful. (2 Marks)

Saprophytic fungi;

Saprophytic bacteria;

24. The following diagram shows a feeding relationship in an ecosystem

 12

(a) From the diagram, write down a food chain with crocodile as secondary consumer.
(1 Mark)
Microscopic plants Large fish crocodile;
(b) State two short term effects of removing large fish from the ecosystem. (2 Marks)
Reduction in the population of crocodiles;
More growth of microscopic plants because of reduced consumers;
More small fish and mosquito larvae because of less predation;

(c) (i)Which of the above organism would you expect to have the highest biomass? (1 Mark)

Microscopic plants;

(ii)Give reason for your answer in 24(c) (i) above. (1 Mark)

Occupies the lowest trophic level of all/ it is a producer;

25. A student drew a 3cm long diagram of a plant flower. If the actual length of the flower was 6cm,
calculate the magnification of drawing made by the student. Show your working. (2marks)

3cm/6cm; X1/2; / X0.5

26. State the economic importance of the following excretory products in plants (2 Marks)

Nicotine

Stimulant;
 13

Quinine

Treatment of malaria;

27. An experiment was set-up as shown below and left for one hour

(i) State the expected result at the end of one hour. (2 Marks)
Reduced level of water in the beaker;
More water in the curved out part of the potatoes;
Sugar become hydrated

(ii)Explain the observations made in this experiment. (3 Marks)

Tied to 27(i)

Water molecules in the potato form a solution with the sugar ; the solution becomes more concentrated
than water in the beaker; water molecules in the beaker move by osmosis into the curved-out part;