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THE UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA

SCHOOL OF EDUCATION

INSTITUTE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION

NAME : AARON PHIRI

COMPUTER NUMBER : 11053291

COURSE : LIS 4014

CONTACT : 0975 233 032

EMAIL : [email protected]

TASK : RESEARCH PROPOSAL

TOPIC

Impact of Digital Libraries on Academic Performance: A Study of Kapasa Makasa

University.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE………………………………………………………………………4

Background……………………………………………………………………………..4

1.1 Statement of the Problem…………………………………………………………...4

1.2 Research Objectives………………………………………………………………...4

1.2.1 General Objective…………………………………………………………………4

1.2.2 Specific Objectives………………………………………………………………..4

1.3 Research Questions………………………………………………………………….5

1.4 Definition of Variables……………………………………………………………...5

1.5 Significance of the Research………………………………………………………..5

1.6 Scope of the Research………………………………………………………………6

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW……………………………………….6

Introduction……………………………………………………………………………..6

2.1 Global Perspectives on Digital Libraries……………………………………………6

2.1.1 Benefits of Digital Libraries…………….………………………………………...7

2.1.2 Challenges of Digital Libraries…….……………………………………………...7

2.2 Regional Perspectives……………………………………………………………….7

2.2.1 Digital Libraries in Africa…………………………………………………………7

2.2.2 Case Studies in African Universities………………………………………………7

2.3 Digital Libraries at Kapasa Makasa University……………………………………...8

2.3.1 Benefits at Kapasa Makasa University…………………………………………….8

2.3.2 Challenges at Kapasa Makasa University………………………………………….8

2.5 Summary of Key Findings……………………………………………………………9

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CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY…………………………………………...…9

3.0 Introduction………..………………………………………………………………..9

3.1 Study Design………………………………………………………………………..9

3.2 Study Setting………………………………………………………………………..9

3.3 Study Population……………………………………………………………………10

3.4 Inclusion Criteria…………………………………………………………………....10

3.5 Exclusion Criteria…………………………………………………………………...10

3.6 Sampling Method and Sample Size Determination………………………………....10

3.7 Data Collection Tools……………………………………………………………….10

3.7.1 Quantitative Data Collection………………………………………………………10

3.7.2 Qualitative Data Collection………………………………………………………..11

3.8 Data Analysis………………………………………………………………………...11

3.8.1 Quantitative Data Analysis………………………………………………………...11

3.8.2 Qualitative Data Analysis………………………………………………………….11

3.9 Ethical Considerations……………………………………………………………….11

3.10 Limitations of the Study…………………………………………………………….12

REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………….13

APPENDIX I: BUDGET………………………………………………………………..15

APPENDIX II: WORK PLAN…………………………………………………………16

APPENDIX III: QUESTIONNAIRES…………………………………………………17

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CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Background

The dawn of digital libraries has revolutionized the way academic institutions manage and
provide access to information. Digital libraries offer a vast array of resources, including e-
books, journals, databases, and multimedia content, accessible from anywhere and at any
time. These libraries have the potential to significantly enhance academic performance by
providing students and faculty with easy access to a wealth of information and research
materials (Banerjee & Reese, 2018). At Kapasa Makasa University like many other
universities and colleges, the implementation of a digital library is seen as a critical step
towards improving the quality of education and supporting academic excellence.

Digital libraries can overcome many of the limitations associated with traditional libraries,
such as physical space constraints, limited availability of materials, and restricted access
times. By leveraging digital technology, universities can offer a more comprehensive and
user-friendly library service that meets the diverse needs of the academic community
(Velterop, 2005). This study aims to evaluate the impact of digital libraries on academic
performance at Kapasa Makasa University.

1.1 Statement of the Problem

Despite the potential benefits of digital libraries, there is a need to assess their actual impact
on academic performance at Kapasa Makasa University. While the digital library is intended
to enhance access to information and support learning and research, it is essential to evaluate
whether these goals are being achieved. This research seeks to investigate the impact of the
digital library on students' academic performance and identify any challenges that may affect
its effectiveness.

1.2 Research Objectives

1.2.1 General Objective

To evaluate the impact of the digital library on academic performance at Kapasa Makasa
University.

1.2.2 Specific Objectives

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 To assess the usage patterns of the digital library among students and faculty.
 To determine the relationship between digital library usage and students' academic
performance.
 To identify the benefits of the digital library for academic research and learning.
 To explore the challenges faced by students and faculty in using the digital library.
 To recommend strategies to enhance the effectiveness of the digital library in
supporting academic performance.

1.3 Research Questions

 What are the usage patterns of the digital library among students and faculty at
Kapasa Makasa University?
 What is the relationship between digital library usage and students' academic
performance?
 What benefits does the digital library provide for academic research and learning?
 What challenges do students and faculty face in using the digital library?
 What strategies can be implemented to enhance the effectiveness of the digital library
in supporting academic performance?

1.4 Definition of Variables

Digital Library Usage: The frequency and manner in which students and faculty access and
use the digital library resources.

Academic Performance: The academic achievements of students, measured through grades,

test scores, and overall academic progress.

Benefits of Digital Library: The advantages and positive outcomes of using the digital
library for research and learning.

Challenges in Using Digital Library: The obstacles and difficulties encountered by users
when accessing and utilizing the digital library.

Effectiveness of Digital Library: The extent to which the digital library supports and
enhances academic performance and research activities.

1.5 Significance of the Research

This research is significant as it aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the digital

library's impact on academic performance at Kapasa Makasa University. The findings will
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offer valuable insights for university administrators, librarians, and policymakers involved in
managing and promoting digital libraries. Specifically, the research will:

 Highlight the usage patterns and benefits of the digital library.

 Identify challenges that may hinder the effective use of the digital library.
 Provide evidence-based recommendations to enhance the library's impact on
academic performance.
 Participate in the wider discussion on how digital libraries aid higher education.

1.6 Scope of the Research

This study will concentrate on assessing the influence of the digital library on academic
outcomes at Kapasa Makasa University. It will address:

 An assessment of usage patterns among students and faculty.

 Analysis of the relationship between digital library usage and academic performance.
 Identification of benefits and challenges associated with the digital library.
 Suggestions for enhancing the efficiency of the digital library.

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 Introduction

This chapter reviews existing literature on the impact of digital libraries on academic
performance. It covers global and regional perspectives and specific case studies relevant to
understanding the role of digital libraries in enhancing academic outcomes. The review
focuses on the benefits, challenges, and effectiveness of digital libraries in promoting
scholarly communication and supporting academic success.

2.1 Global Perspectives on Digital Libraries

Digital libraries have dramatically changed the landscape of academic research and education
around the world. They provide instant access to a diverse collection of resources, including
e-books, journals, databases, and multimedia content, which support educational and research
activities (Borgman, 2007). The drive to implement digital libraries stems from the need to
overcome the limitations of traditional libraries, such as space constraints and restricted
operating hours.

2.1.1 Benefits of Digital Libraries

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Digital libraries offer numerous benefits, including:

Enhanced Resource Availability: Digital libraries offer students and faculty access to a vast
array of academic materials from any location and at any time, broadening the scope and
depth of research (Suber, 2012).

Improved Academic Performance: By providing easy access to high-quality resources,

digital libraries support students' academic work and help improve their performance
(Gibbons, 2004).

Enhanced Collaboration: Digital libraries facilitate academic collaboration by making

research outputs readily available to a global audience (Johnson, 2002).

Cost-Effectiveness: Digital libraries reduce the costs associated with physical library
maintenance and resource acquisition (Lynch, 2003).

2.1.2 Challenges of Digital Libraries

Despite their advantages, digital libraries face several challenges:

Technical Issues: The establishment and maintenance of digital libraries require robust
technological infrastructure and skilled personnel (Bell, Foster, & Gibbons, 2005).

User Engagement: Encouraging users to utilize digital libraries effectively can be

challenging due to lack of awareness and technical skills (Kim, 2010).

Digital Divide: Access to digital libraries may be limited by socio-economic factors, leading
to disparities in usage among different user groups (Xia & Opperman, 2010).

2.2 Regional Perspectives

2.2.1 Digital Libraries in Africa

In Africa, the adoption of digital libraries has been growing, although at a slower pace
compared to other regions. African universities recognize the potential of digital libraries to
enhance academic performance and support research. However, challenges such as limited
internet connectivity, inadequate funding, and lack of technical expertise continue to hinder
their widespread implementation (Chan & Costa, 2005).

2.2.2 Case Studies in African Universities

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Several African universities have implemented digital libraries with varying degrees of
success:

University of Cape Town: The digital library at the University of Cape Town has
significantly improved access to academic resources, supporting both teaching and research
activities (Joint, 2006).

University of Nairobi: The digital library at the University of Nairobi has facilitated greater
access to research materials, contributing to improved academic performance among students
(Rieh et al., 2007).

2.3 Digital Libraries at Kapasa Makasa University

Kapasa Makasa University has established a digital library to support its academic programs
and promote scholarly communication. The digital library aims to provide comprehensive
access to academic resources, support student learning, and enhance research activities.

2.3.1 Benefits at Kapasa Makasa University

The digital library at Kapasa Makasa University offers several benefits:

Availability of Diverse Resources: Students and faculty can access a broad spectrum of
academic materials, such as journals, e-books, and databases.

Support for Academic Research: The digital library provides resources that support
research activities, contributing to higher quality research outputs (Xie & Matusaik, 2016).

Convenience and Flexibility: Users can access the digital library from any location, making
it easier to incorporate research into their academic work (Cromwell, 2023).

2.3.2 Challenges at Kapasa Makasa University

Despite its benefits, the digital library at Kapasa Makasa University faces several challenges:

Technical Limitations: Issues such as slow internet connectivity and limited technical
support hinder effective use of the digital library.

User Training: There is a need for training programs to help students and faculty effectively
utilize digital library resources.

Resource Availability: Ensuring that the digital library has up-to-date and relevant resources
is a continual challenge.
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2.5 Summary of Key Findings

The literature review highlights several critical points:

Global Trends: Digital libraries significantly enhance access to academic resources and
support improved academic performance.

Challenges: Common challenges include technical issues, user engagement, and the digital
divide.

Regional Context: African universities face unique challenges in implementing digital

libraries, but successful case studies demonstrate their potential benefits.

Local Context: Evaluating the digital library at Kapasa Makasa University can provide
valuable insights into its effectiveness and identify strategies for improvement.

The literature review highlights the critical role of digital libraries in boosting academic
performance and identifies the challenges they face. Analysing the digital library at Kapasa
Makasa University can yield important insights into its effectiveness and contribute to the
broader conversation on how digital libraries support higher education.

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY

3.0 Introduction

This chapter outlines the methodology used to evaluate the impact of digital libraries on
academic performance at Kapasa Makasa University. The methodology includes the study
design, study setting, study population, inclusion and exclusion criteria, sampling method and
sample size determination, data collection tools, data analysis, and ethical considerations.

3.1 Study Design

The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative

data collection and analysis techniques. This approach allows for a comprehensive
understanding of the factors influencing the impact of digital libraries on academic
performance. The study utilizes a descriptive research design to provide detailed insights into
the usage patterns, benefits, challenges, and effectiveness of the digital library.

3.2 Study Setting

The study is conducted at Kapasa Makasa University, located in Chinsali, Zambia. The
university has implemented a digital library to support its academic programs and promote
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scholarly communication. The study setting includes various academic departments, the
university library, and administrative units within the university.

3.3 Study Population

The study population includes:

 Students enrolled at Kapasa Makasa University.

 Faculty members from various academic departments.
 University librarians and digital library administrators.
 Key stakeholders involved in the management and promotion of the digital library.

3.4 Inclusion Criteria

 Students who have used the digital library for their coursework or research.
 Faculty members who have deposited their research outputs in the digital library or
used it for academic purposes.
 Librarians and digital library administrators responsible for managing the digital
library.
 Stakeholders involved in promoting the digital library within the university.

3.5 Exclusion Criteria

 Individuals not affiliated with Kapasa Makasa University.

 Individuals who have not used or engaged with the digital library.

3.6 Sampling Method and Sample Size Determination

A stratified random sampling method is used to ensure representation from different

academic departments and groups (students, faculty, librarians, stakeholders) within Kapasa
Makasa University. The sample size will include 100 individuals affiliated with Kapasa
Makasa University. This approach ensures a diverse and representative sample that reflects
the various perspectives within the university.

3.7 Data Collection Tools

3.7.1 Quantitative Data Collection

Structured questionnaires will be administered to students, faculty members, and librarians to

gather quantitative data on their engagement with the digital library, perceived benefits, and
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challenges. The questionnaires include both closed and open-ended questions to capture
comprehensive information.

3.7.2 Qualitative Data Collection

In-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) will be conducted with key
stakeholders, including digital library administrators and university officials. The interviews
and FGDs explore participants' experiences, perceptions, and suggestions regarding the
digital library. Interview guides and FGD protocols are developed to ensure consistency and
comprehensiveness in data collection.

3.8 Data Analysis

3.8.1 Quantitative Data Analysis

Quantitative data from the questionnaires will be analysed using statistical software such as
SPSS. Descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, means, and standard
deviations, will be used to summarize the data. Inferential statistics, such as chi-square tests
and regression analysis, will be employed to examine relationships between variables and test
hypotheses.

3.8.2 Qualitative Data Analysis

Qualitative data from interviews and FGDs will be analysed using thematic analysis. This
involves coding the data, identifying key themes and patterns, and interpreting the findings in
the context of the research objectives. NVivo software will be used to facilitate the
organization and analysis of qualitative data.

3.9 Ethical Considerations

The study adheres to ethical principles to ensure the integrity and credibility of the research.
Key ethical considerations include:

Informed Consent: Participants are briefed on the study's objectives, their rights, and the
voluntary nature of their participation. Written consent will be sought from all participants
before collecting any data.

Confidentiality: The confidentiality of participants is maintained by anonymizing their

responses and securely storing data. Personal identifiers are not included in the final report.
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Respect for Participants: The study respects the dignity and autonomy of all participants.
Participants are treated with respect, and their perspectives are valued throughout the research
process.

Sensitivity to Institutional Context: Special care is taken to ensure that the research process
is sensitive to the institutional context of Kapasa Makasa University. Questions and
interactions are designed to be respectful and considerate of the university's culture and
dynamics.

3.10 Limitations of the Study

The study acknowledges potential limitations, including:

Geographical Scope: The focus on Kapasa Makasa University may limit the generalizability
of the findings to other institutions.

Resource Constraints: Limited resources and time may constrain the depth and breadth of
data collection.

Participant Bias: Responses from participants may be influenced by social desirability bias
or reluctance to disclose negative experiences.

Despite these limitations, the study provides valuable insights into the impact of digital
libraries on academic performance at Kapasa Makasa University and offers recommendations
for enhancing their effectiveness.
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REFERENCES

Banerjee, K., & Reese, T. (2018). Building Digital Libraries. Neal-Schuman

Bell, S., Foster, N. F., & Gibbons, S. (2005). Reference Librarians and the Success of
Institutional Repositories. Reference Services Review
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/48305722_Reference_Librarians_and_the_Succ
ess_of_Institutional_Repositories

Borgman, C. L. (2007). Scholarship in the Digital Age: Information, Infrastructure, and

the Internet. MIT Press.

Chan, L., & Costa, S. (2005). Participation in the Global Knowledge Commons:
Challenges and Opportunities for Research Dissemination in Developing Countries. New
Library World,
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/30864936_Participation_in_the_global_knowle
dge_commons_Challenges_and_opportunities_for_research_dissemination_in_developin
g_countries

Cromwell, J., C. (2023). Rethinking Institutional Repositories: Innovations in

Management, Collections, and Inclusion. Association of College and Research Libraries

Gibbons, S. (2004). Establishing an Institutional Repository. Library Technology

Reports. https://www.scirp.org/%28S%28351jmbntvnsjt1aadkozje%29%29/reference/
referencespapers?referenceid=2713425

Johnson, R. K. (2002). Institutional Repositories: Partnering with Faculty to Enhance

Scholarly Communication. D-Lib Magazine.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november02/johnson/11johnson.html

Joint, N. (2006). Institutional Repositories, Self-Archiving and the Role of the Library.
Library Review.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242070653_Institutional_repositories_self-
archiving_and_the_role_of_the_library

Kim, J. (2010). Faculty Self-Archiving: Motivations and Barriers. Journal of the

American Society for Information Science and Technology.
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220434895_Faculty_self-
archiving_Motivations_and_barriers

Lynch, C. (2003). Institutional Repositories: Essential Infrastructure for Scholarship in

the Digital Age. ARL. https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?
referenceid=2713433

Rieh, S. Y., Markey, K., St. Jean, B., Kim, J., & Yakel, E. (2008). Perceptions and
Experiences of Staff in the Planning and Implementation of Institutional Repositories.
Library Trends.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/49175979_Perceptions_and_Experiences_of_St
aff_in_the_Planning_and_Implementation_of_Institutional_Repositories

Suber, P. (2012). Open Access. MIT Press.

Velterop, J. (2005). Open Access Publishing and Scholarly Societies: A Guide. Open
Society Institute.

Xia, J., & Opperman, D. B. (2010). Current Trends in Institutional Repositories for
Institutions Offering Master’s and Baccalaureate Degrees. Serials Review.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318773529_Current_trends_in_institutional_rep
ositories_for_institutions_offering_master's_and_baccalaureate_degrees

Xie, I., & Matusaik, K. (2016). Discover Digital Libraries: Theory and Practice. Elsevier
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APPENDIX I: BUDGET

SN SERVICES QUANTITY AMOUNT(K)

1 Printing of proposal 2 300

3 Logistics during data collection

1000

4 Transport
1000

5 Internet
200

6 Printing Final Report

2 500

7 Sub Total 3000

8 Contingency 10% 300

9 GRAND TOTAL 3,300

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APPENDIX II: WORK PLAN

June July July July August

ACTIVITY

Proposal writing

Submission for approval

Data Collection and data

analysis

Report writing

Submission of report writing

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APPENDIX III: QUESTIONNAIRES

Below are structured questionnaires for students, faculty members, and

librarians/administrators. These questionnaires are designed to gather quantitative data on the
usage, perceived benefits, and challenges associated with the digital library at Kapasa Makasa
University.

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR STUDENTS

Introduction:
Thank you for participating in this survey. Your responses will help us understand the impact
of the digital library on academic performance at Kapasa Makasa University. Your answers
will be kept confidential.

Section A: Demographics

1. Age: ____
2. Gender:

o Male

o Female
3. Program of Study: ____
4. Year of Study:

o First Year

o Second Year

o Third Year

o Fourth Year

o Postgraduate

Section B: Engagement with the Digital Library

5. Are you aware of the digital library at Kapasa Makasa University?

o Yes

o No
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6. How frequently do you use the digital library?

o Daily

o Weekly

o Monthly

o Rarely

o Never

7. What types of resources do you use in the digital library? (You can choose more than
one)

o E-books

o Journals

o Databases

o Multimedia content

o Other: _______________

Section C: Perceived Benefits

8. How has the digital library supported your academic performance? (You can choose
more than one)

o Access to up-to-date information

o Improved research capabilities

o Enhanced learning experience

o Better preparation for exams and assignments

o Other: _______________

Section D: Challenges

9. What challenges do you face when using the digital library? (You can choose more
than one)
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o Technical difficulties

o Limited access to certain resources

o Lack of awareness on how to use the digital library

o Internet connectivity issues

o Other: _______________

10. What improvements do you think are needed to enhance the effectiveness of the
digital library?

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR FACULTY MEMBERS

Introduction:
Thank you for participating in this survey. Your responses will help us understand the impact
of the digital library on academic performance at Kapasa Makasa University. Your answers
will be kept confidential.

Section A: Demographics

1. Age: ____
2. Gender:

o Male

o Female
3. Department: ____
4. Position:

o Lecturer

o Senior Lecturer

o Professor

o Other: _______________

Section B: Engagement with the Digital Library

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5. Are you aware of the digital library at Kapasa Makasa University?

o Yes

o No

6. How frequently do you use the digital library?

o Daily

o Weekly

o Monthly

o Rarely

o Never

7. What types of materials do you use or recommend to students in the digital library?
(You can choose more than one)

o E-books

o Journals

o Databases

o Multimedia content

o Other: _______________

Section C: Perceived Benefits

8. How has the digital library supported your teaching and research activities? (You can
choose more than one)

o Access to up-to-date information

o Enhanced research capabilities

o Improved teaching materials

o Facilitated collaboration with colleagues

o Other: _______________
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Section D: Challenges

9. What challenges do you face when using the digital library? (You can choose more
than one)

o Technical difficulties

o Limited access to certain resources

o Lack of awareness on how to use the digital library

o Internet connectivity issues

o Other: _______________

10. What improvements do you think are needed to enhance the effectiveness of the
digital library?

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR LIBRARIANS/ADMINISTRATORS

Introduction:
Thank you for participating in this survey. Your responses will help us understand the impact
of the digital library on academic performance at Kapasa Makasa University. Your answers
will be kept confidential.

Section A: Demographics

1. Age: ____
2. Gender:

o Male

o Female
3. Position: ____
4. Years of Experience in the Library: ____

Section B: Engagement with the Digital Library

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5. How long have you been involved with the digital library at Kapasa Makasa
University?

o Less than 1 year

o 1-2 years

o 3-5 years

o More than 5 years

6. What are your primary responsibilities regarding the digital library? (You can choose
more than one)

o Managing digital resources

o Providing technical support

o Promoting the digital library

o Training users

o Other: _______________

Section C: Perceived Benefits

7. What benefits have you observed from the digital library? (You can choose more than
one)

o Increased access to academic resources

o Enhanced support for teaching and research

o Improved academic performance among students

o Facilitated academic collaboration

o Other: _______________

Section D: Challenges

8. What challenges have you faced in managing the digital library? (You can choose
more than one)

o Technical difficulties
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o Limited access to certain resources

o Lack of awareness among users

o Internet connectivity issues

o Other: _______________

9. What improvements do you think are needed to enhance the effectiveness of the
digital library?

Section E: Recommendations

10. What strategies do you suggest to increase faculty and student engagement with the
digital library?

11. How can the institution better support the digital library’s operations and
management?

INTERVIEW GUIDE FOR IN-DEPTH INTERVIEWS

Introduction

Thank you for agreeing to participate in this interview. Your insights will help us understand
the impact of the digital library on academic performance at Kapasa Makasa University. Your
responses will be kept confidential.

1. Background Information

1. Can you please introduce yourself and describe your role at Kapasa Makasa
University?
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2. How long have you been involved in academic or administrative activities at this
institution?

2. Awareness and Engagement

3. Are you aware of the digital library at Kapasa Makasa University?

4. How did you first learn about the digital library?
5. How frequently do you use the digital library, and for what purposes?

3. Benefits of the Digital Library

6. In your opinion, what are the primary benefits of the digital library for students and
faculty at Kapasa Makasa University?
7. How has the digital library impacted your work or studies?
8. Can you provide specific examples of how the digital library has facilitated academic
research, learning, or collaboration?

4. Challenges and Barriers

9. What challenges or barriers have you encountered when using or managing the digital
library?
10. Are there any technical issues that you think need to be addressed to improve the
digital library?
11. How do you perceive the level of support from the university for the digital library?

5. Perceptions of Effectiveness

12. Do you think the digital library is effectively promoting academic performance at
Kapasa Makasa University? Why or why not?
13. What metrics or indicators do you think should be used to evaluate the effectiveness
of the digital library?

6. Recommendations for Improvement

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14. What strategies or actions do you suggest to increase faculty and student engagement
with the digital library?
15. How can the university better support the digital library’s operations and
management?
16. What additional features or services would you like to see in the digital library?

7. Closing Questions

17. Is there anything else you would like to add that we haven’t discussed?
18. Do you have any questions for us about this study?

INTERVIEW GUIDE FOR FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS (FGDS)

Introduction:
Thank you for participating in this focus group discussion. Your insights will help us
understand the impact of the digital library on academic performance at Kapasa Makasa
University. Your responses will be kept confidential.

1. Opening Questions

1. Can everyone introduce themselves and briefly describe their role or relationship to
the digital library at Kapasa Makasa University?
2. How long have you been involved with or aware of the digital library?

2. General Perceptions of the Digital Library

3. What are your general thoughts about the digital library at Kapasa Makasa
University?
4. How do you perceive its impact on academic performance and scholarly
communication within the university?

3. Benefits of the Digital Library

5. What do you think are the main benefits of the digital library for students and faculty?
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6. How has the digital library contributed to your academic work or research?