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MTL411 Tutorial 3

Tutorial Sheet 3 for MTL411 course in IIT DELHI

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djokernole079
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13 views2 pages

MTL411 Tutorial 3

Tutorial Sheet 3 for MTL411 course in IIT DELHI

Uploaded by

djokernole079
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MTL 411: Functional Analysis

Tutorial -3

1. Show that in a real inner product space x ⊥ y holds if and only if ∥x+y∥2 = ∥x∥2 +∥y∥2 .
Does ∥x + y∥2 = ∥x∥2 + ∥y∥2 in a complex inner product space imply x ⊥ y ?

2. Let X be a complex inner product space and let T : X → X be a linear operator. Show
that T = 0 if and only if (T x, x) = 0 for each x ∈ X. Is this result true for real inner
product spaces?

3. Assume that a sequence {xn } in an inner product space satisfies (xn , x) → ∥x∥2 and
∥xn ∥ → ∥x∥. Show that xn → x.

4. Let X be an IPS and S ⊂ X.


⊥
(a) Show that S ⊥ = (span S)⊥ = span S .

(b) If X = C[a, b] with L2 -inner product and S = P[a, b], then find S ⊥ ?

5. Let {ϕn } be an orthonormal sequence in Hilbert space H and consider the operator
T : H → H defined by
∞
X
T (x) = αn (x, ϕn ) ϕn ,
n=1

where {αn } is a sequence of scalars satisfying lim αn = 0. Show that T is a compact


operator.

6. Assume that T, T ∗ : H → H are two functions on a Hilbert space satisfying

(T x, y) = (x, T ∗ y)

for all x, y ∈ H. Show that T and T ∗ are both bounded linear operators satisfying

∥T ∥ = ∥T ∗ ∥ and ∥T T ∗ ∥ = ∥T ∥2 .

7. Let {en } be an orthonormal sequence of vectors in the Hilbert space L2 [0, 2π]. Suppose
that for each continuous function f in L2 [0, 2π] we have f = ∞
P
n=1 (f, en ) en . Show that
{en } is an orthonormal basis.

8. Show that a linear operator L : H1 → H2 between two Hilbert spaces is norm preserving
if and only if it inner product preserving.

9. Show that the norms of the following Banach spaces cannot be induced by inner prod-
ucts:

(a) The norm ∥x∥ = max {|x1 | , |x2 | , . . . , |xn |} on Rn .

(b) The sup norm on C[a, b].

1
10. Show that if y ⊥ xn and xn → x then x ⊥ y.

11. Prove that for 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞, the norm ∥ · ∥p on X = lp (S) where S is either {1, 2, . . . , n}
or N is not induced by any inner product on X.

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