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Lecture 03

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Lecture 03

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ertc13m220110
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Construction & Materials Technology Department 2023 - 2024

CH 3. Masonry Work
Masonry is a construction technique that involves arranging building units such as bricks, stone
blocks or concrete blocks on top of one another by using mortar to build structures or walls.

Estimation 8 Marewan S. Khalid


Construction & Materials Technology Department 2023 - 2024

■ Material Quantity Calculation

1. Concrete Blocks

Concrete block Surface area


Block No. of
dimensions (m) Thickness of one block
dimensions with Blocks in
of wall with mortar
Length Width Height mortar (1 m2)
(m2)
0.40 0.10 0.20 0.10 0.41 x 0.21 0.0861
0.40 0.15 0.20 0.15 0.41 x 0.21 0.0861
0.40 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.41 x 0.21 0.0861 12
0.40 0.20 0.20 0.40 0.21 x 0.21 0.0441

For concrete block (0.2 x 0.2 x 0.4), if the thickness of the wall is (20 cm)
𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 (𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎)
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑠 𝑖𝑛 (1 𝑚²) 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 =
𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟
1 𝑚²
= = 11.6 = 12 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑠
0.0861 𝑚²

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟 𝑖𝑛 (1 𝑚²) 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 = (1 𝑚2 ) – 𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑠 𝑖𝑛 (1 𝑚²) 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟

= (1 𝑚2 ) – 11.6 𝑥 ( 0.2 𝑥 0.4) = 1 − 0.928 = 0.072 m²

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟 𝑖𝑛 (1 𝑚²) 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 = 0.072 x 0.2 = 0.0144 m³

Example 4:
Estimate the quantity of concrete blocks (20 x 20 x 40) and cement mortar by surface area method
for the wall shown in the figure.
Solution:

𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 = 6.5 𝑥 3 = 19.5 𝑚²


𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑠 =
𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟
19.5
= = 226.48 = 227 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑠
0.21 𝑥 0.41
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟 = 𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 – 𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟

= 19.5 𝑚2 – (0.2 𝑥 0.4) 𝑥 226.48 = 1.3816 𝑚²

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟 = 1.3816 𝑥 0.2 = 0.276 𝑚³

Estimation 9 Marewan S. Khalid


Construction & Materials Technology Department 2023 - 2024
2. Bricks

Surface area
Brick dimensions (m) brick No. of
Thickness of one brick
dimensions with bricks in
of wall with mortar
Length Width Height mortar (1 m2)
(m2)
0.23 0.11 0.07 0.23 0.12 x 0.08 0.0096 105

𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 (𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎)


𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑠 𝑖𝑛 (1 𝑚²) 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 =
𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑘 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟
1 𝑚²
= = 104.17 = 105 𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑠
0.0096 𝑚²

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟 𝑖𝑛 (1 𝑚²) 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 = (1 𝑚2 ) – 𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟

= (1 𝑚2 ) – {104.17 𝑥 ( 0.11 𝑥 0.07)} = 1 − 0.802 = 0.198 m²

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟 𝑖𝑛 (1 𝑚²) 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 = 0.198 x 0.23 = 0.0455 m³

Example 5: Estimate quantity of bricks (23 x 11 x 07) cm for the wall shown in the figure. Assume
wall thickness is (23 cm).

Estimation 10 Marewan S. Khalid


Construction & Materials Technology Department 2023 - 2024
3. Cement Mortar
Dry materials in the mortar lose 25 % of its volume after mixing with water. To figure out the
amount of cement and sand for (1:3) mortar mix use the following formula:

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟 (1 𝑚³) = 0.75 (𝐶 + 𝑆) = 0.75 (𝐶 + 3𝐶 ) = 0.75 (4𝐶)


1 𝑘𝑔
(1 𝑚3 ) = 0.75 (4𝐶 )→ 𝐶 (𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡) = → 𝐶 = 0.333 𝑚3 → 𝐶 = 0.333 𝑚3 ∗ 1440 → 𝐶 = 479.5 𝑘𝑔
0.75∗4 𝑚3

𝑆 = 3 𝐶 → 𝑆 = 3 ∗ 0.333 = 1 𝑚3

No Material Density (kg/m3)


1 Cement 1440
2 Plain Concrete 2400
3 Reinforced Concrete 2500
4 Steel 7850
5 Gypsum 1275

Example 6: Calculate number of concrete blocks (0.2 x 0.2 x 0.4) and quantity of mortar materials
(cement and sand) (1:3) for the room shown below, consider the following notes:
1) Wall height is (3 m)
2) Door size is (1.9 m x 2.1 m)
3) Windows size (1.4 m x 1.8 m)

𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑠 = 2 ∗ 5.2 + 2 ∗ 6.2 = 22.8 𝑚

𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ ∗ 𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡

= 22.8 𝑥 3 = 68.4 𝑚²
0.841 = 0.75 (C+S) = 0.75 (4C)
𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 − 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠
C = 0.28 m3 C = 0.28 x 1440
= 68.4 − {2 ∗ (1.4 𝑥 1.8) + (1.9 ∗ 2.1)} = 59.37 𝑚²
C = 403.2 kg
59.37
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑠 = = 689.54 = 690 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑠
0.21 𝑥 0.41 S = 3 C = 3 x 0.28 = 0.84 m3
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟 = 𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 − 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟

= 59.37 − {689.54 ∗ (0.2 ∗ 0.4)} = 4.206 𝑚²

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟 = 4.206 𝑥 0.2 = 0.841 𝑚³

Estimation 11 Marewan S. Khalid


Construction & Materials Technology Department 2023 - 2024
Example 7: Calculate the quantity of brick (23 x 11 x 7 cm) and cement mortar (1:3) for the room
shown below, consider the following notes:
1) Wall thickness is (23 cm)
2) Door size is (1.9 m x 2.1 m)
3) Windows size (1.4 m x 1.8 m)

Solution:
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑠 = 2 ∗ 5.0 + 2 ∗ 6.0 = 22 𝑚

𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ ∗ 𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡

= 22 𝑥 3 = 66 𝑚²

𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 − 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠

= 66 − {2 ∗ (1.4 𝑥 1.8) + (1.9 ∗ 2.1)} = 56.97 𝑚²


56.97
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑠 = = 5934.375 = 5935 𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑠
0.12 𝑥 0.08
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟 = 𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 − 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟

= 56.97 − {5934.375 ∗ (0.07 ∗ 0.11)} = 11.245 𝑚²

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑟 = 11.245 𝑥 0.23 = 2.586 𝑚³

2.586 = 0.75 (C+S) = 0.75 (4C)

C = 0.862 m3 C = 0.862 x 1440


C = 1242 kg

S = 3 C = 3 x 0.862 = 2.586 m3

Estimation 12 Marewan S. Khalid

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