TM-1864

Training AVEVA Everything3D™ (2.1)

Guide Stairs, Ladders and Handrail

Administration

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Revision Log

Date Revision Description Author Reviewed Approved

03/04/2013 0.1 Issued for Review AVEVA E3D™ (1.1) SM

11/04/2013 0.2 Reviewed SM KB
22/04/2013 1.0 Issued for Training AVEVA E3D™ (1.1) SM KB SH
27/01/2016 1.1 Issued for Review AVEVA E3D™ (2.1) SM
03/02/2016 1.2 Reviewed SM CT
16/02/2016 2.0 Issued for Training AVEVA E3D™ (2.1) SM CT KB
Issued for Review AVEVA E3D™ 2.1
28/06/2018 2.1 SM
Step Ladders added
19/03/2019 2.2 Reviewed SM NG
20/03/2019 3.0 Issued for Training AVEVA E3D™2.1 SM NG KB

Updates
Change highlighting will be employed for all revisions. Where new or changed information is presented section
headings will be highlighted in Yellow.

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 CONTENTS

1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 7
1.1 Aim ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.2 Objectives .......................................................................................................................................... 7
1.3 Prerequisites ..................................................................................................................................... 7
1.4 Course Structure............................................................................................................................... 7
1.5 Using this Guide ............................................................................................................................... 7
1.6 Setting up the Training Course ....................................................................................................... 8
2 Data Structure, Hierarchy and Workflow .............................................................................. 9
2.1 Data Hierarchy and Element Types ................................................................................................. 9
2.1.1 Use of Purpose and Function Attributes .................................................................................... 10
2.2 The SLH User Interface .................................................................................................................. 11
2.2.1 The SLH Administration Tasks Form......................................................................................... 11
2.3 Suggested Workflow ...................................................................................................................... 14
2.4 Creating a SLH Data World – A Worked Example ....................................................................... 15
3 Standards ............................................................................................................................. 17
3.1 Overview of the Use of Standards ................................................................................................ 17
3.1.1 Relationship between Standards and Defaults ......................................................................... 17
3.2 Creating a Data Area for Standards – A Worked Example ......................................................... 19
3.3 The Create Standard Form ............................................................................................................. 20
3.3.1 The General Page ..................................................................................................................... 22
3.3.2 Stair Flight, Handrail, Rung Ladder and Step Ladder Pages .................................................... 23
3.4 Creating a Standard – A Worked Example ................................................................................... 25
3.4.1 Worked Example - Creating a Stair Flight Standard ................................................................. 26
3.4.2 Worked Example - Creating a Handrail Standard ..................................................................... 28
3.4.3 Worked Example - Creating a Rung Ladder Standard .............................................................. 30
3.4.4 Worked Example - Creating a Step Ladder Standard ............................................................... 32
3.5 Modifying a Standard ..................................................................................................................... 34
4 Defaults ................................................................................................................................. 35
4.1 Overview of the Use of Defaults .................................................................................................... 35
4.2 Creating a Data Area for Defaults – A Worked Example............................................................. 37
4.3 The Create Defaults Form .............................................................................................................. 38
4.4 The Stair Flights Page .................................................................................................................... 40
4.4.1 Stair Flight Defaults - The Constraints Sub-Page ..................................................................... 41
4.4.2 Stair Flight Defaults - The Detailing Sub-Page .......................................................................... 50
4.4.3 Creating a Default for a Stair Flight – A Worked Example ........................................................ 52
4.5 The Handrail Page........................................................................................................................... 57
4.5.1 Handrail Defaults - The Constraints Sub-Page ......................................................................... 58
4.5.2 Handrail Defaults - The Detailing Sub-Page ............................................................................. 59
4.5.3 Creating a Default for Handrail – A Worked Example ............................................................... 63
4.6 The Rung Ladder Page ................................................................................................................... 67
4.6.1 Rung Ladder Defaults - The Constraints Sub-Page .................................................................. 69
4.6.2 Rung Ladder Defaults - The Detailing Sub-Page ...................................................................... 78
Exercise 1 - Create a Rung Ladder Default ............................................................................... 81
4.7 The Step Ladder Page .................................................................................................................... 83
4.7.1 Step Ladder Defaults - The Constraints Sub-Page ................................................................... 85
4.7.2 Step Ladder Defaults - The Detailing Sub-Page ....................................................................... 92
Exercise 2 - Create a Step Ladder Default ................................................................................ 94
5 Assemblies ........................................................................................................................... 97
5.1 Overview of Assemblies ................................................................................................................ 97
5.2 Handrail Assembly Hierarchy ........................................................................................................ 98
5.3 Rung Ladder Assembly Hierarchy ................................................................................................ 99
5.4 Step Ladder Assembly Hierarchy ............................................................................................... 101
5.5 Worked Example – Creating the SLH Assemblies Hierarchy ................................................... 102
5.6 Handrail Assemblies - the Create Handrail Assemblies Form ................................................. 103
5.6.1 Continuous Handrail Assemblies – Select Specifications Page .............................................. 104
5.6.2 Continuous Handrail Assemblies – Assembly Details Page ................................................... 106
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5.6.3 Panelled Handrail Assemblies – Select Specifications Page .................................................. 109

5.6.4 Panelled Handrail Assemblies – Assembly Details Page........................................................ 109
5.6.5 Use of Panelled Handrail Assemblies ..................................................................................... 110
5.7 Creating a Continuous Handrail Assembly – A Worked Example ........................................... 112
Exercise 3 – Creating a Panelled Handrail Assembly ............................................................ 117
5.8 Rung Ladder Assemblies - The Create Rung Ladder Assembly Form ................................... 120
5.8.1 The Rung Ladder Assembly Form – General Page ................................................................ 121
5.8.2 The Rung Ladder Assembly Form – the Stiles Page .............................................................. 125
5.8.3 The Rung Ladder Assembly Form – the Cage Page .............................................................. 129
5.8.4 The Rung Ladder Assembly Form – Details Page .................................................................. 136
5.8.5 Creating a Rung Ladder Assembly – a Worked Example ....................................................... 137
Exercise 4 – Create a Rung Ladder Assembly ....................................................................... 145
5.9 Step Ladder Handrail Assemblies - The Create Step Ladder Handrail Assembly Form ....... 146
5.9.1 The Step Ladder Handrail Assembly Form – General Page ................................................... 147
5.9.2 The Step Ladder Handrail Assembly Form – the Handrail Page ............................................ 148
5.9.3 Creating a Step Ladder Handrail Assembly – a Worked Example .......................................... 155
6 SLH Templates ................................................................................................................... 163
6.1 Overview of SLH Templates ........................................................................................................ 163
6.1.1 Template Rules and Expressions ............................................................................................ 165
6.2 SLH Administration Form – Templates ...................................................................................... 167
6.2.1 SLH Template Creation - The General page ........................................................................... 168
6.2.2 SLH Template Creation - The Parameters Page .................................................................... 170
6.2.3 SLH Template Creation - The Profiles Page ........................................................................... 172
6.2.4 SLH Template Creation - The Plates Page ............................................................................. 174
6.2.5 Creating a Handrail Panel Template – a Worked Example ..................................................... 177
Exercise 5 – Create a Stair Tread Template ............................................................................ 189
7 SLH Paragon Tasks............................................................................................................ 191
7.1 Logging in to Paragon .................................................................................................................. 191
7.2 The SLH Paragon Tasks Form ..................................................................................................... 192
7.3 SLH Components - Catalogue Hierarchy and Creation ............................................................ 192
7.4 Creating the Hierarchy for Catalogue Components – a Worked Example.............................. 193
7.4.1 Creating Catalogue Components ............................................................................................ 194
7.4.2 Creating a Handrail Post Component – a Worked Example ................................................... 197
7.5 SLH Paragon Tasks – Parts ......................................................................................................... 206
7.5.1 Creating Parts via the SLH Paragon Tasks Form ................................................................... 208
7.5.2 Creating the SLH Parts Hierarchy – a Worked Example......................................................... 210
7.5.3 Creating a Post Part – a Worked Example .............................................................................. 211
Exercise 6 - Creating a Handrail Panel Part ............................................................................ 214
Appendix A - SLH Template Details ........................................................................................ 215
A.1 – Tread Templates............................................................................................................................. 215
A.2 – Post Templates ............................................................................................................................... 216
A.3 – Handrail Gate Templates ............................................................................................................... 217
A.4 – Termination Templates .................................................................................................................. 218
A.5 – Ladder Gate Templates ................................................................................................................. 219
Appendix B – Paragon Component Details ............................................................................ 221
B.1 - Tread Components ......................................................................................................................... 221
B.2 - Handrail Post Components ............................................................................................................ 222
B.3 - Handrail Gates ................................................................................................................................. 223
B.4 - Handrail Terminations .................................................................................................................... 224
B.5 - Handrail Panels ............................................................................................................................... 225
B.6 - Ladder Rungs .................................................................................................................................. 226
B.7 - Rung Ladder Gates ......................................................................................................................... 227

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 CHAPTER 1

1 Introduction

The AVEVA Everything3D™ (AVEVA E3D™) Stairs, Ladders, and Handrail application is part of a suite of
structural products that allow designers to construct accurate and detailed 3D models. This training guide
provides administration training for the AVEVA E3D™ Stairs, Ladders and Handrail application.

1.1 Aim

The aim of this training guide is to provide administrators with the knowledge and skills necessary to customise
and configure the AVEVA E3D SLH application to suit project requirements.

1.2 Objectives

 Introduce AVEVA E3D concepts specific to the SLH application.

 Outline the data structure and hierarchy used by the application.

 Explain how to create and modify Standards and Defaults.

 Explain how to create and modify rung ladder and handrail assemblies.

 Explain how to create and modify templates, components and parts used in the application.

1.3 Prerequisites

It is expected that trainees will have completed the TM-1813 AVEVA Everything3D™ Stairs, Ladders and
Handrail Modelling training course. It is also expected that trainees have a working knowledge of the
Catalogue module and are familiar with the use of Model templates.

1.4 Course Structure

Training will consist of oral and visual presentations, demonstrations, worked examples and set exercises.
Each workstation will have a training project populated with model objects. This will be used by the trainees
to practice their methods and complete the set exercises.

1.5 Using this Guide

Certain text styles are used to indicate special situations throughout this document.

Button clicks are indicated by bold turquoise text.

Information the user has to enter will be bold red text.

Additional information notes and references to other documentation will be indicated in the styles below.

 Additional information

 Refer to other documentation

System prompts will be bold, italic and in inverted commas i.e. 'Choose function'.

Example files or inputs will be in the courier new font.

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1.6 Setting up the Training Course

Double click the AVEVA E3D 2.1 desktop icon or select Start > All Programs > AVEVA > Design > AVEVA
Everything3D 2.1 from the Start menu to display the Login form. Login to AVEVA E3D using the details
below:
Project: Training (TRA)

User: A.SLHADMINMAN

Password: A

MDB: A-STRUCTURAL

After entering the login details click the Model

tile.

 The details above are indicative of typical

entry to AVEVA E3D projects. Alternative
login details may be supplied by the
Trainer.

In order to complete the exercises and worked

examples in the training guide it is necessary
to configure the training model.

Navigate to the Tools tab and click the Setup button located in the Training group. The
Training Setup form will be displayed.

Navigate to the Structural tab. Select the Stairs, Ladders & Handrail Administration radio button. Select
the Setup Training Course checkbox followed by the Apply button.

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 CHAPTER 2

2 Data Structure, Hierarchy and Workflow

The Stairs, Ladders, and Handrails (SLH) application allows designers to create and modify detailed access
and demarcation components within 3D models. AVEVA E3D SLH utilises standards and defaults within the
design environment. National, project, or industry standards are used in the determination of geometry for
stair, ladder, and handrail elements. Specific assemblies, components, templates and profiles which can be
used to create the elements in Model are pre-defined as part of the defaults.

The Administration tasks in the AVEVA E3D SLH application allow the creation and management of these
administration elements. An overview of these elements is given in the following sections.

2.1 Data Hierarchy and Element Types

SLH Standards are basically a duplication of an international, company or project standard for stair flights,
handrails or rung ladders. An SLH Default is an interpretation of an SLH Standard, restricting users to specific
dimensional constraints and allowable configurations and components. SLH Assemblies are referenced by
Defaults for Handrail and Rung Ladders, and are used to specify the geometry, and in the case of Handrail
the components, for these elements. These are covered in detail in the relevant chapters in this guide.

The hierarchy employed for SLH administration elements is similar to that used by other AVEVA E3D
applications. Standards, Defaults and Assemblies are stored in an Application Data World (APPLDW). The
APPLDW owns separate Application Data Area (APPDAR) elements for Standards, Defaults and
Assemblies. The Standards, Defaults and Assemblies are stored under these APPDAR elements.

Note that multiple APPLDW and APPLDA elements can be created if required, depending upon the
requirements of a specific project.

The basic hierarchy for SLH Standards, Defaults and Assemblies in the Model module is as follows:

Standards and Defaults are stored as Application Data (APPLDA) elements. These own a Design Data Set
(DDSE) for each element type (Stair flight, Handrail, Rung Ladder) included in that Standard or Default.

These DDSE elements in turn own various Design Data (DDAT) elements which store the various values set
for the defaults, for example maximum and minimum rung spacing for rung ladders.

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Template elements can be created to define

various SLH elements, such as stair treads and
handrail gates. These Templates are stored in a
Template World (TPWL), as in other AVEVA E3D
applications.

The basic hierarchy for SLH Templates in Model

is as shown.

Templates own any required Panel (PANE) or Section (GENSEC) elements, along with a Design Data Set
(DDSE) and a Design Point Set (DPSE) which contain Design Data and Design Points used in the template
definition.

These hierarchical elements are created and modified via the SLH Administration Tasks form, which will be
covered in detail later in this guide.

2.1.1 Use of Purpose and Function Attributes

The SLH administration elements have specific attribute settings to allow them to be recognised and used by
the SLH application. These are set automatically on creation via the SLH Administration Tasks form. For
example, an Application Data World (APPLDW) for SLH has the Purpose attribute set to SLH, and an
Application Data element (APPLDA) for a Standard has the Purpose set to STAN.

The specific attribute settings for the various SLH administration elements are covered in the relevant sections
of this guide.

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2.2 The SLH User Interface

As with many other AVEVA E3D applications, the SLH User Interface (UI) is based on the Microsoft® Office
Fluent™–based user interface.

A series of Tabs are displayed at the top of the screen. Some tabs are common across all design disciplines,
while other tabs are specific to the application being used. The Stairs Ladders and Handrail tab is the focal
point for creation and modification tasks within the AVEVA E3D SLH application. SLH Administration tasks
are accessed via the ADMIN tab.

2.2.1 The SLH Administration Tasks Form

On the Stairs Ladders Handrail tab, in the Modify

group, click the Admin Tasks button. This will display the
SLH Administration Tasks form. This form is used to
create and manage all SLH administration elements
which are created in the AVEVA E3D Model module.

Users must be members or the SLHADMIN team to

perform administration tasks. If the user is not a member
of the SLHADMIN team, the Admin Tasks button is
greyed out.

The SLH Administration Tasks form consists of five

areas, for the creation and modification of:

 Data Worlds

 Standards

 Defaults

 Assemblies

 Templates.

The creation and management of these elements are

covered in detail throughout this guide.

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Each area consists of options lists, where existing

elements can be selected, and Create and Modify
link labels to allow the creation and management of
these elements.

The order of options within each area of the form

corresponds with the hierarchical structure of the
SLH Administration elements. The correct owning
element must be selected in the previous options list
to ensure new elements are created in the correct
place.

For example, the Data World selected at the top of

the form is where all Standards, Defaults etc. will be
created. All the items in the options lists are elements
which already exist in this Data World; other
Standards etc. which are stored in a separate Data
World will not be displayed.

The Assemblies area of the form works in the same way. The items in the options lists correspond with
the elements created in the hierarchy.

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The Create link labels will create a new instance of that

element. When clicked, the relevant Create form will be
displayed.

Clicking the Modify link labels will display the relevant

Modify form for the element which is currently selected in the
adjacent options list.

The Create and Modify forms displayed differ depending upon the element type in question. These different
forms are covered in detail in subsequent chapters.

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2.3 Suggested Workflow

The Parts, Templates and Assemblies which are used in the SLH application are referenced by Defaults,
and hence in reality the usual workflow would be to create these elements first before creating any Defaults.
However, for the purpose of training, it is important to understand how Standards and Defaults work and hence
these are covered first in this training guide, and will use existing parts and assemblies in the following worked
examples and exercises. Creation of Parts, Templates and Assemblies are covered later in this guide.

A typical workflow which should be considered when creating the administration elements for SLH is as
follows:

 Standards can be created first if desired, as they do not reference any other SLH elements.

 Catalogue Components and Template Components now need to be created. These are referenced
by Parts (GPARTS), which in turn are used in Defaults and Assemblies, and need to be created
prior to these elements. Also, any new Profiles which may be required, for example special handrail
profiles, need to be created at this stage using the AVEVA Catalogue Steelwork Application.

 Parts (GPARTS) need to be created in AVEVA Catalogue, referencing the Components created
previously.

 Assemblies for Rung Ladders and Handrails can now be created, which reference the Parts and
Profiles created previously.

 Finally, Defaults can be created. Defaults make reference to Standards, Assemblies, Parts and
Profile Specifications, and all these elements need to be in place before a Default can be completed.

The following diagram shows the relationship between the main SLH administration elements.

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2.4 Creating a SLH Data World – A Worked Example

Standards, Defaults and Assemblies are owned by an Application Data World (APPLDW). In this worked
example the Application Data World which will be used throughout this training guide is created.

Navigate to World level in the Model Explorer. Click

the ADMIN > Structures > SLH Tasks button to
display the SLH Administration Tasks form.

Click the Create link label adjacent to the Data World

options list. The Create SLH Data World form is
displayed.

Enter a name of SLH_TRAIN_DATAWORLD and a

description of SLH Training DataWorld. Click the
Create button, and the Data World is created.

The new Data World now appears in the Data World options list on the SLH Administration Tasks form,
and in the Model Explorer.

 To enable the APPLDW to be displayed in the Model Explorer, ensure the Hide non-user System Data
checkbox is unchecked in the Explorer Settings form.

Save work.

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 CHAPTER 3

3 Standards

The AVEVA E3D SLH application utilises Standards (along with associated Defaults) to control the creation
of Stair, Ladder and Handrail elements in the 3D model. Stairs, Ladders or Handrails created in Model must
adhere to these Standards and Defaults. The following chapter covers the creation and management of SLH
Standards.

3.1 Overview of the Use of Standards

There are many different industry standards covering the design of stair flights, rung ladders and handrails.
These can be International industry standards, company standards or project specific standards.
Administrators can assess a specific standard and replicate it within the AVEVA E3D SLH application.

SLH Standards allow administrators to enter a comprehensive set of constraints for SLH elements, including
maximum and minimum rung spacing for rung ladders, allowable range of tread widths for stair flights, and
minimum height of a handrail above floor level. These constraints are covered in detail within the relevant
sections of this chapter.

3.1.1 Relationship between Standards and Defaults

A Standard is used to set the geometrical constraints as specified in an industry, company or project standard.
A Default is an interpretation of a standard, which can be used to further restrict a designer creating SLH
elements. These restrictions can be set to suit company or project practices or to suit specific dimensions of
bought-in elements (such as stair treads). Multiple defaults can be created based on a single standard, for
example to suit different requirements for elements in different areas of a project. Note that any values or
value ranges set in a Default must fall within the constraints set in the referenced Standard.

This example shows how a default can be used

to restrict stair flight treads to specific choices.

The Standard shows that the minimum and

maximum stair tread width must fall between
800mm and 1200mm.

In this Default, valid values of 900mm and

1000mm have been entered.

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Attempting to specify a valid tread width which

falls outside the allowable range set in the
Standard being referenced will display an error.

Designers creating stair flights using this

Default will be restricted to a choice of 900mm
or 1000mm for the tread width.

Defaults are also used to specify any assemblies and components which can be used for SLH elements
created in Detail mode. Defaults are covered in detail in Chapter 4 of this guide.

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3.2 Creating a Data Area for Standards – A Worked Example

In the SLH Administration Tasks form, ensure the

newly created Data World SLH Training DataWorld is
selected from the options list. Click the Create link
label adjacent to the Area options list in the Standards
area of the form to display the Create SLH Area for
Standards form.

Enter a name of SLH_TRAIN_STD_AREA, and a

description of SLH Training Std Data Area and click
the Create button.

The new Data Area is created and can be seen in the

SLH Administration Tasks form, and in the Model
Explorer.

A Data World can own multiple Areas, which could be

used to separate different types of Standards in the
hierarchy if desired.

Separate Data Areas are required for Standards,

Defaults and Assemblies.

 Querying the Attributes of the created APPDAR

show the Purpose is set to STAN. This Purpose
setting allows the SLH application to identify this
as an Application Data Area for Standards.

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3.3 The Create Standard Form

The Create Standard form is displayed by clicking the

Create link label in the Standards area of the SLH
Administration Tasks form.

The Create Standard form is split into sections:

The top section of the form allows element selection

and displays the pages to be completed as part of the
creation process, and is always visible irrespective of
which page is active.

Standards can include one or more of the three

element types (Stair Flight, Handrail and Rung Ladder).
This is controlled by the Include checkboxes adjacent
to the element type text. When checked, the element
type text turns into a link label, which when clicked
navigates to that page of the form. The page which is
currently active is identified by an arrow icon
adjacent to the link label.

An orange warning triangle is displayed adjacent to

the link labels when all mandatory information relating
to that page is not satisfactorily completed. Once this is
complete, the icon is replaced with a blue tick .

The mid-section of the form allows users to enter

information pertinent to the page being considered. The
content for these pages are covered in detail later in
this chapter. This screenshot shows an example of the
Rung Ladder page option. Note that no fields are
complete hence the orange warning triangle icon is
displayed adjacent to the Rung Ladder link label.

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The mid-section of the form allows users to enter

information pertinent to the page being considered.
The content for these pages are covered in detail
later in this chapter. This screenshot shows an
example of the Rung Ladder page option.

Since no fields are complete, the orange warning

triangle icon is displayed adjacent to the Rung
Ladder link label.

The Status field displays the number of valid entries

which have been made in the current page. Once all
mandatory fields are completed satisfactorily
completed the status will change to Complete.

The Show diagram link

label opens a drawing
which gives the user
guidance to the entries
which are required for that
particular page. Separate
drawings are available for
Stair flights, Handrails and
Rung Ladders.

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The bottom area of the form consists of link labels

and buttons which facilitate the creation process

Depending upon which page is currently active,

Next and Back arrow buttons are displayed, which
will take the user to the next or previous page.

The Create button will save the current changes to

the form, and return the user back to the SLH
Administration Tasks form.

Clicking the Task List button will discard any

changes or new entries in the current page, and
return the user back to the SLH Administration
Tasks form.

3.3.1 The General Page

When first opened, the General page of the form

is active, where the user can enter the Name and
Description of the Standard being created.

The Name field is mandatory, which is indicated by

the orange warning triangle icon adjacent to the
textbox.

Once this mandatory field has been completed, the

orange warning icon disappears, and the warning
triangle adjacent to the General text at the top of
the form is replaced by a green tick to indicate that
all fields in that particular page have been
completed.

The Name sub-elements checkbox allows all new

sub-elements created beneath the Standard
(APPLDA element) to adopt the name of the
Standard, followed by additional text to identify the
element. Existing elements will not be changed
irrespective of the setting of this checkbox.

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3.3.2 Stair Flight, Handrail, Rung Ladder and Step Ladder Pages

The four pages for the Stair Flight, Rung Ladder, Handrail and Step Ladder elements show a table of
Constraints (and radio buttons in the case of Stair Flights) which must be completed in order to successfully
define the standards.

A Minimum and Maximum value is required for most

constraints, however certain constraints only require one.
For example, for Handrails there is no requirement for a
Maximum height above FFL (finished floor level) so only a
Minimum value is required.

Required fields are shown white, and fields not required

are shown in grey. Fields which have been completed
successfully are highlighted in green.

The E3D SLH application has several built-in checks to

prevent incorrect or unrealistic values being entered for
constraints, for example a maximum tread width being
entered which is less than the minimum. An error message
is displayed stating the problem with the entered value,
and the field either remains blank, or reverts to the
previous acceptable constraint.

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Details of the constraints and setting for these pages are covered in detail in the following worked examples.

The application will not allow a partially defined standard to be

created. If a user wishes to create one part of the standard and
save it, then checking only the Include checkbox for the element
type to be completed allows the user to Apply the standard. The
other element type standards can be added later if required, by
modifying the existing Standard. Modifying Standards is covered
later in this chapter.

 The Standard which will be created in the following worked examples does not exactly represent any
existing international standard. Several Standards and Defaults are supplied as sample data, which are
based upon recognised standards. AVEVA recommends that users should create their own sets of
Standards and Defaults for use on projects. The sample data supplied should only be used for guidance.

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3.4 Creating a Standard – A Worked Example

From the SLH Administration Tasks form, click the Create link label in the Standards area of the form. The
Create Standard form is displayed. Ensure the Included checkboxes for all three options are checked.

From the SLH Administration Tasks form, click the

Create link label in the Standards area of the form.
The Create Standard form is displayed. Ensure the
Included checkboxes for all four options are
checked.

Enter a Name of SLH_STD_TRAIN and a

Description of SLH Training Standard. Ensure the
Name sub-elements checkbox is checked, and
click the Next arrow button at the bottom of the form.

The form changes to the Stair Flight page, as this

is the next Included page on the form. A tick is
displayed next to the General link label to indicate
that all mandatory fields are complete on that page.

Clicking the Stair Flight link label at the top of the

form would also navigate to the Stair Flight page.
Link labels become available when the checking
the check box for that element type.

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3.4.1 Worked Example (continued)- Creating a Stair Flight Standard

The Stair Flight page of the Create Standard form requires the user to enter constraints for the geometry of
the stair flights, in accordance to a standard. Clicking the Show diagram link label will display a drawing which
gives the user guidance to the required constraints.

The form also gives the user the option of three commonly used formulae for specifying the calculation to be
used for Pitch Validation. These three options, set using radio buttons, in conjunction with the Pitch Validation
Value constraints, can be used to set the limits of the stair flight pitch according to the standard being used.
As will be seen later in the guide, the Defaults give the option to use either Pitch Validation Formula or Angle
of Pitch as the preferred method of determining the stair flight pitch.

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Complete the Constraints and the Pitch

Validation Formula (2 x Rise + Going) in
the Stair Flight page as shown.

Click the Next arrow button at the bottom of

the form to progress to the Handrail page.
Alternatively, click the Handrail link label at
the top of the form.

Note that the tick icon has appeared next to

or
the Stair Flight link label to indicate all
constraints have been successfully entered.

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3.4.2 Worked Example (continued) - Creating a Handrail Standard

The Handrail page of the Create Standard form requires the user to enter constraints for the geometry of
handrail, in accordance to a standard. Clicking the Show diagram link label will display a drawing which gives
the user guidance on the required constraints.

Complete the Constraints in the Handrail

page as shown.

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Click the Next arrow button at the bottom of the form to

progress to the Rung ladder page. Alternatively, click the
Rung Ladder link label at the top of the form. Note that the
tick icon has appeared next to the Handrail link label to or
indicate all constraints have been successfully entered.

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3.4.3 Worked Example (continued) - Creating a Rung Ladder Standard

The Rung Ladder page of the Create Standard form requires the user to enter constraints for the geometry
of rung ladders, in accordance to a standard. Clicking the Show diagram link label will display a drawing
which gives the user guidance to the required constraints.

Complete the Constraints in the Rung

Ladder page as shown.

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Click the Next arrow button at the bottom of the form to

progress to the Step Ladder page. Alternatively, click the Step
Ladder link label at the top of the form. Note that the tick icon
has appeared next to the Handrail link label to indicate all or
constraints have been successfully entered.

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3.4.4 Worked Example - Creating a Step Ladder Standard

The Step Ladder page of the Create Standard form requires the user to enter constraints for the geometry
of step ladders, in accordance to a standard. Clicking the Show diagram link label will display a drawing which
gives the user guidance to the required constraints.

Complete the Constraints in the Step Ladder

page as shown.

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With all mandatory fields completed for the

included elements, click the Create button at the
bottom of the form.

The standard is now created, and now appears in

the options list.

The elements are displayed in the Model

Explorer as shown.

The DDSE for each element contain DDAT

elements, which hold the information entered for
the constraints.

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3.5 Modifying a Standard

Existing Standards can be modified by selecting

the required standard from the options list, and
clicking the Modify link label adjacent to it.

The Modify Standard form is displayed. This form

is used in the same way as the Create SLH
Standard form, except the Create button is
replaced by an Apply button. Clicking this button
will Apply any changes made to the constraints in
the form. As when creating the Standard, the user
will be given feedback as to the validity of entered
values.

Clicking the Task List button will disregard any

changes made, and return the user to the SLH
Administration Tasks form.

The Name Sub-elements checkbox will apply to

any newly created elements during the Modify
process, for example if Rung Ladders were added
(Included) as part of the modification, then all the
sub-elements added would be named accordingly.
No existing sub-elements will be renamed, and the
Name sub-elements checkbox is renamed Name
new sub-elements, existing sub-elements not
renamed.

 If the Standard and all sub-elements need to

be renamed, the user should use the existing
Rename Element form, using the Re-name
all option.

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 CHAPTER 4

4 Defaults

A Standard is used to set the geometrical constraints as specified in a national, industry, company or project
standard. Preferred working practises can be implemented through the use of Default files. This gives
administrators the opportunity to influence the displayed and pre-populated options within forms for a number
of SLH elements.

4.1 Overview of the Use of Defaults

In Model, users can specify the Default to be used for the SLH element to be modelled. This default will control
the allowable geometry for the elements, in both Layout and Detail mode.

In Layout mode, elements are modelled using a

default representation, without the ability to
select assembly or component options. The
geometry in Layout mode will still generally
comply with the constraints specified in the
Default.

In Detail mode, a specific assembly option can

be selected (Handrail, Rung Ladders and Step
Ladders), and Profile Specifications and Parts
can be selected to give the actual representation
of the element. For example, the Stringer and
Tread specification can be selected for Stair
Flights. These choices are limited to the options
defined in the Default. In this example, the
Stringer Specification has been set as a profile
specification available from the options list, and a
specific catalogue tread has been specified.

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The values in the Constraints for a Default can be a Default value, or Valid Values, and must be within the
Maximum and Minimum ranges specified in the associated Standard. The following example shows how
having a Default value and Valid Values in a Default for Stair Tread Width affect a Stair Flight in Model.

With no Valid Values set in the Default, when a Stair

Flight is created in Model the application will attempt to
use the Default values given in the table, or as close to
these values as possible, depending on the geometry
specified. These can be changed during the creation
process if required.

However, when Valid Values are set, then the user can
only choose one of these specific values from an
Options List when creating a stair flight.

As with creating a Standard, the application will not

allow a partially defined Default to be created. If a user
wishes to create one part of the Default and save it,
then checking only the Include checkbox for the
element type to be completed allows the user to Apply
the Default. The other element types can be added
later, by modifying the existing Default.

 Further guidance on the use of Defaults in the AVEVA E3D SLH Model application is provided in the
TM-1813 AVEVA Everything3D™ Stairs, Ladders and Handrail Modelling training guide.

 The Parts, Templates and Assemblies which are used in the SLH application are referenced by
Defaults, and hence in reality the usual workflow would be to create these elements first before creating
any Defaults. However, for the purpose of training, it is important to understand how Standards and
Defaults work and hence these are covered first, and will use existing parts and assemblies in the
following worked examples and exercises. Creation of Parts, Templates and Assemblies are covered
later in this guide.

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4.2 Creating a Data Area for Defaults – A Worked Example

As with Standards, Defaults are stored below a Data Area; this Data Area is specific for Defaults.

In the SLH Administration Tasks form, ensure the newly created Data World SLH Training DataWorld is
selected from the options list. Click the Create link label adjacent to the Area options list in the Defaults area
of the form; the Create SLH Area for Defaults form is displayed.

In the SLH Administration Tasks form, ensure the

newly created Data World SLH Training DataWorld is
selected from the options list. Click the Create link label
adjacent to the Area options list in the Defaults area of
the form; the Create SLH Area for Defaults form is
displayed.

Enter a name of SLH_DEFAULT_DATA_AREA, and a

description of SLH Default Data Area and click the
Create button.

The new Data Area is created and can be seen in the

SLH Administration Tasks form, and in the Model
Explorer.

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4.3 The Create Defaults Form

The Create Defaults form is displayed by

clicking the Create link label in the Defaults
area of the SLH Administration Tasks form.

The Create Defaults form behaves in a very similar way to the Create Standards form covered previously.

The top section of the form allows mode selection and displays the
pages to be completed as part of the creation process, and is always
visible irrespective of which page is active.

Defaults can include one or more of the three element types (Stair
Flight, Handrail and Rung Ladder). This is controlled by the Included
checkboxes adjacent to the element type text. When checked, the
element type text turns into a link label, which when clicked navigates
to that page of the form. The page which is currently active is identified
by an arrow icon adjacent to the link label .

An orange warning triangle is displayed adjacent to the link labels

when all mandatory information relating to that page is not satisfactorily
completed. Once this is complete, the icon is replaced with a blue tick
. .

When the form is at a page other than the General page, there are
additional link labels for Constraints and Detailing for that element
type, which change the context of the page.

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The Constraints sub-page allows users

to select the Standard which the Default is
to be based upon, and enter Constraints
and settings pertinent to the page being
considered. The Detailing sub-page is
used to define allowable components and
specification of sections. The content for
these pages are covered in detail later in
this chapter.

The Show diagram link label opens a

drawing which gives the user guidance to
the entries which are required for that
particular page, as with the Standards
form.

The lower area of the form consists of

link labels and buttons which facilitate the
creation process.

Depending upon which page is currently

active, link labels are available to take the
user Back to the previous page, or
forward to the Next page.

The Create button will save the current

changes to the form, and return the user
back to the SLH Administration Tasks
form. Clicking the Task List button will
discard any changes or new entries in
the current page, and return the user
back to the SLH Administration Tasks
form.

Checking the Make available to users

checkbox will display this Default in the
list of Defaults available to users in the
SLH forms in Model. Once this has been
checked, the checkbox is removed from
the form and replaced with text stating
Available to users.

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4.4 The Stair Flights Page

The Stair Flight page of the Create Default form is split into two sub-pages,
Constraints and Detailing. These sub-pages are displayed by using the link
labels at the top of the form.

The Constraints sub-page requires

the user to select an existing
Standard on which the default is to
be based. The range of allowable
values taken from the standard are
displayed in the table, and the user
can set Default and Valid Values
for the constraints, within these
ranges.

Allowable configurations and

designs for stair flights can also be
set form this subpage, such as if
intermediate landings, initial rise etc.
are allowed in this default. These are
covered in detail in the following
sections.

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The Detailing sub-page is where

Tread and Stringer specifications are
defined. Stair Flights created in Model
using this default will be restricted to
the options chosen in this form.

4.4.1 Stair Flight Defaults - The Constraints Sub-Page

The first task when creating a Default is to select the

Standard on which the Default is to comply with. This is
picked from the available Standards in the Use min/max
values from standard options list.

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4.4.1.1 Stair Flight Constraints Table

When the Stair Flights page is first opened, the constraints
table will be populated with values taken from the first Standard
in the options list. When the required Standard is selected, the
Min and Max fields are populated with the values taken from that
standard.

If the default value in the table still falls

within the Max and Min stated in the
selected Standard, then that Default
value will remain. If the Default now falls
outside the Standard maximum and
minimum limits, an error message is
displayed, and the Default value is
replaced with the minimum value from
the standard.

These Default values will need to be

changed as required.

 The Number of Rises and Overall Height Default fields need to have a value entered to allow the Default
to be created, however these values have no effect on the Default or the Stair Flight created in Model
from that default, and can be left at the default setting.

 Refer to the drawing in Section 3.4.2 for an explanation of each constraint.

The Valid Value fields can be

completed if required. A good
example of an instance when
Valid Values will be required is
for stair treads purchased to
standard available widths.

Valid Values cannot be entered

for all values, these fields are
highlighted blue. In Model, the
pitch of the stair will be created
as close as possible to the
default value, although the user
has the option to change this
(subject to the creation mode
used).

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The Use pitch formula rather than angle to calculate stair checkbox will determine if the pitch of the
stair flight created in Model uses the Angle of Pitch or Pitch Validation Formula (2 x Rise + Going, for
example)

Create Stair Flight form – Using Pitch Formula

Create Stair Flight form – Using Angle of Pitch

4.4.1.2 Stair Flight Options and Settings

As well as considering default values

based on a Standard, a Default also
gives the option of limiting the allowable
geometry and style of stair flights in Model,
by way of checkboxes and additional
sizes.

The options and their effect upon stair

flight design are as follows:

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 Allow intermediate landing – When checked, an intermediate landing can be used for stair flights
where the maximum number of rises or maximum overall height (whichever is smaller) is exceeded.
The landing applied will conform to the default Landing Length specified in the Default.

If the climbing height exceeds the maximum default value, and intermediate landings are not
permitted in the Default, a stair fight cannot be modelled.

Intermediate Landing

Intermediate landings can also be

included on stair flights where the
maximum climbing height is not
exceeded, by manually adding a
landing when modelling the stair
flight.

 Allow Cranked Stringer – Checking this checkbox will activate the Crank Bottom of Stringers
option in the Create Stair Flight form in Model. This will crank the stringers vertically at the nose
of the lowest tread down to the floor. This option is only available for stair flights where the bottom
has been defined to a plane.

Stringers Cranked Stringers not Cranked

Stringers cannot be shown cranked in Layout mode. The Crank option is only available in Detail
mode. The position of the lower reference point and treads on a stair flight are not affected when
cranking stringers.

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 Maximum and Minimum Extensions – Extensions on a stair flight, which can be top or bottom,
are basically longer plates which replace the first or last tread, level with the top and bottom floor
levels. The Minimum and Maximum Extension values define the limits of extension size when
modelling stair flights. Extensions are useful for maintaining the desired pitch of a stair flight when
creating between top and bottom edge picks.

Bottom Extension Top Extension

Top and Bottom Extension

Extensions will attempt to adjust to suit the gap between the top and bottom reference edges. If the
Top and Bottom Extension option is chosen, the application will apply half the required extension
to the top and bottom. This can be adjusted as required when modelling a Stair Flight.

 Nosing Offset – This value sets the

distance between the nose of the tread to
the front edge of the stringer. The distance
is measured from the nosing of the treads,
perpendicular to the front edge of the
stringer.

The Nosing Offset is only applied to stair

flights in Detail mode.

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4.4.1.3 Allowable Configurations for Stair Flights

There are several configurations which will determine the geometry and route of stair flights, which are
selectable from the Create Stair Flight form when modelling a stair flight.

The route of the stair flight represents the centreline of the stair flight, and tread nosings are positioned
along this route.

Create Stair Flight form in Model

The Allowable Configurations checkboxes in the Stair Flight page of the Create Default form give an
administrator control over the options which will be available to a user in Model. Six configurations are
applicable to stair flights which are positioned between two edges, such as platform to platform. Two
configurations are applicable for stair flights where the top reference point is an edge, and the bottom
reference point is defined on a plane, for example from a platform edge to a floor.

A Default must have at least one option available for stair flights
between two edges and edge to plane. An error message is
displayed if the user attempts to disable all options.

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The six configurations which apply to stair flights which are positioned between two edges, such as platform
to platform, are as follows:

 No Extensions – No extensions are allowed,

tread nosings positioned along a single route
path line from the top and bottom edge.

 Bottom Extension – Only an extension at the

bottom of the stair flight is allowed.

 Top Extension - Only an extension at the top

of the stair flight is allowed.

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 Top and Bottom Extension - An

extension at the top and bottom of the
stair flight is allowed.

 Initial Rise Without Extension – This

option refers to the configuration of the
bottom of the stair flight. Initial Rise
means that instead of the stair starting
with a Going distance, a Rise is applied
first, and the first tread nosing is
positioned vertically above the bottom
picked edge (plus tread overlap), as
shown. For Initial Rise configurations,
the stair route path is actually positioned
away from the bottom edge picked.

Initial Rise
Configuration

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 Initial Rise With Extension – The bottom

configuration is the same as the Initial rise
without extension option, but with the
addition of a top extension.

The two configurations for stair flights where the bottom is defined by a plane are as follows:

 To Plane with No Extensions - No top

extension is allowed, bottom of stair flight
defined by a plane

 To Plane with top extension - Top

extension is allowed, bottom of stair flight
defined by a plane.

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4.4.2 Stair Flight Defaults - The Detailing Sub-Page

Clicking the Detailing link label (or Next arrow

button when in the Constraints sub-page) will
display the Stair Flights Detailing sub-page.
From this sub-page, allowable treads and
stringer specifications can be set. Any Stair
Flights created in Model which use this default
will be restricted to the treads and stringer
specifications defined here.

Clicking the + button adjacent to the Tread

Specification table will display the Tread
Specification form. Here the user can pick the
treads which are to be used by this default.

Selecting one or more treads and clicking Apply

will add the selected treads to the Tread
Specification table.

 The Treads listed in the Tread Specification

form are catalogue Parts, which reference
either Tread Templates or Components.
The creation of these elements is covered
later in this guide. For the remainder of this
chapter, existing Tread parts will be used.

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Clicking the + button adjacent to the Stringer

Specification table will display the Stringer
Specification form. From here, the sections which
are to be available to use for stair flight stringers can
be set.

Selecting a profile size and clicking Apply will add

the selected profile to the Stringer Specification
table.

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4.4.3 Creating a Default for a Stair Flight – A Worked Example

In this worked example, a Default will be created for Stair Flights, based on the Standard created previously.

In the SLH Administration Tasks form,

ensure the default area SLH Default Data
Area is selected. Click the Create link label
adjacent to the Defaults options list, and the
Create Defaults form is displayed.

Enter a Name of
SLH_TRAIN_DEFAULT_001 and a
Description SLH Training Default 001.
Uncheck the Handrail and Rung Ladder
Included checkboxes. The Next arrow button
at the bottom of the form becomes active
once the Name has been entered; click it and
the form changes to the Stair Flight, (the
Constraints sub-page is displayed by default).

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From the Use min/max values from standard options

list, select SLH Training Standard, which was created
in an earlier worked example.

The Constraints table is populated with values taken from the Standard. Complete the Default values and,
where applicable, the Valid Values as shown below:

 Default values for No. of Rises, Headroom, Overall Height and Clearance, although having no bearing
on the design of stair flights, must still be entered to satisfy the Default creation process. These values
are automatically entered as the minimum Standard value, and do not require changing.

The remaining options need to be completed to satisfy the following criteria:

 Stair pitch to be based on pitch angle

rather than pitch validation formula.

 Intermediate Landings to be allowed.

 Cranked Stringers to be allowed.

 Default Landing Thickness to be 12mm.

 Min/Max extension to be 300mm and

800mm.

 Nosing Offset to be 10mm.

 No configurations with a bottom With the criteria satisfied, the form should now be as
extension to be allowed. shown.

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With the Constrains sub-page now complete, click the Next arrow
button to go to the Detailing sub-page for Stair Flights.

The Tread Specification list allows

the administrator to control the
specification of treads allowed in
Model for this Default.

Click the Add Part button adjacent to

the table, and the Tread
Specification form is displayed.

Select tread component Variable-

25mm-Grating-Tread-Detail-
280mm-Deep from the list, a preview
of the tread appears on the form.
Click Apply and the selected tread is
added to the Tread Specification list
in the Create Defaults form.

Repeat the process to add tread Variable-25mm-

Grating-Tread-Detail-250mm-Deep.

The Tread Specification table now includes the two

selected treads.

Cancel the Tread Specification form.

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Next, the allowable sections which will be available for

stringers will be set. Click the Add Part button adjacent
to the list, and the Stringer Specification form is
displayed.

From the options list, set the Standard as British

Standard, the Generic Type as Parallel Flg
Channels, and pick BS_PFC200x75x23 from the
Profile Size list. Set the Justification to LTOP.

Click Apply to add the profile top the Stringer

Specification table.

Repeat the process to add profile BS_PFC180x75x20,

Justification LTOP. The Stringer Specification table now
contains the two selected profiles.

Cancel the Stringer Specification form..

Because only the Stair Flight Included checkbox is

checked, the Default is now complete, and the Create
button on the Create Defaults form is activated. Click
the Create button. The Default is created and the
Create Defaults form is dismissed. The Default now
appears in the SLH Administration Tasks form in the
Defaults options list, and in the Model Explorer
beneath APPDAR SLH_DEFAULT_DATA_AREA.

Save work.

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Expanding the DDSE for the Stair Flight shows

the various Design Data (DDAT) elements which
are used to store the information entered for the
default.

The attributes of the DDAT elements store the

values set for defaults, as well as the Minimum
and Maximum values taken from the associated
Standard. For example, DDAT
SLH_TRAIN_DEFAULT_001/STRFLT/PITC
holds the information on the Pitch; the Dddfault
attribute is the default setting of 36 degrees, the
MaxMin shows the maximum and minimum
allowable pitch (30 degrees to 40 degrees).

The DDAT elements for defaults with Valid

Values own VVALUE elements, one for each
valid value entered in the Defaults form.

DDAT
SLH_TRAIN_DEFAULT_001/STRFLT/WIDT
holds information on Stair Flight tread widths, and
owns two VVALUE elements, one for each Valid
Value given.

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4.5 The Handrail Page

The Handrail page of the Create Default form is split into two sub-pages,
Constraints and Detailing. These sub-pages are displayed by using the link
labels at the top of the form.

The Constraints sub-page requires the user

to select an existing Standard on which the
default is to be based. The range of
allowable values taken from the standard are
displayed in the table, and the user can set
Default and Valid Values for the constraints,
within these ranges.

The Detailing sub-page is where the

assemblies allowed for this Default, plus
additional allowable rail and kickplate
specifications, Terminations, Posts etc. are
defined. Handrails created in Model will be
restricted to the options given in this form.

The bottom area of the form consists of link

labels and buttons which facilitate the
creation process.

Back and Next arrow buttons are displayed,

when applicable, to allow the user to
navigate to the next and previous page in the
form.

The Create button will save the current

changes to the form, and return the user
back to the SLH Administration Tasks
form.

Clicking the Task List button will discard any

changes or new entries in the current page,
and return the user back to the SLH
Administration Tasks form.

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4.5.1 Handrail Defaults - The Constraints Sub-Page

As with Stair flights, the first task when creating a Default is

to select the Standard on which the default is to be based.
This is picked from the available Standards in the Use
min/max values from standard options list.

When the Handrail page is first opened, the constraints

table will be populated with values taken from the first
Standard in the options list. When the required Standard is
selected, the Min and Max fields are populated with the
values taken from that standard.

If the default value in the table still falls within the Max and
Min stated in the selected Standard, then that Default value
will remain. If the Default now falls outside the Standard
maximum and minimum limits, an error message is
displayed, and the Default value is replaced with the
minimum value from the standard.

These Default values will need to be changed as required.

 Refer to the drawing in Section 3.4.2 for an explanation of each constraint.

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As with Stair Flight defaults,

the Valid Value fields can be
completed if required. Valid
Values, for example, could be
used to define the allowable
Panel Lengths to suit
standard purchased panel
sizes.

The Allow trace boundary checkbox below the

Constraints table determines if the Copy Route Path
option for defining the route of a Handrail is available in
the Create Handrail form, when using this Default. This
allows the user to select a PANEL item, and the PLOO
for the panel will be used to create the handrail route
path.

4.5.2 Handrail Defaults - The Detailing Sub-Page

Clicking the Detailing link label (or the Next arrow button when in the Constraints
sub-page) will display the Detailing sub-page. From here an administrator can set
which Handrail Assemblies are available for this default, as well as alternative
parts and specifications for rails etc. which are selectable in the Create Handrail
form.

The creation of Handrail Assemblies is covered in detail later in this guide, however it is important to
understand the relationship between Handrail Assemblies and Defaults, and how the settings in these will
affect the options available when designing Handrails in Model.

As well as settings for geometry, Handrail

Assemblies hold details on the material
specification used for rails, and the part used
for handrail posts.

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Handrail Defaults use Assemblies to determine the material specification used for handrails, intermediate
rails and kickplates, and also the part used for the handrail posts. These settings in the Assembly are applied
automatically to handrail created in Detail mode. When creating a Handrail, the user has the option to select
from the Handrail Assemblies included in the Default used.

Defaults Form Create Handrail Form

Alternative parts and material specifications for these elements can be made available when modelling a
Handrail by adding them to the Default. The specification for Handrail elements can be changed using the
Modify Handrail Components form; the only options available are those included in the Default used.

Modify Handrail Components Form Defaults Form

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When opened, all assemblies available for

handrails are displayed in a grid. The
required assemblies which are to be used by
this default can be Included by checking the
Included checkbox for that assembly.

The Include All and Exclude all buttons

check or uncheck all assemblies in the grid.

Checking the Include new assemblies

automatically checkbox will automatically
Include any new assemblies created, without
the need to open and modify the existing
default. With the checkbox unchecked, any
new assemblies which are required to be
used by an existing Default must be added
manually.

 It must be noted that certain values defined in Handrail Assemblies, such as Rail Spacing for Continuous
Handrail, and, Panel Lengths and Wing Length for Panelled Handrail, will be used when modelling a
handrail using that Assembly. This differs from Rung Ladder Defaults and Assemblies, which work in a
different way and will not allow a ladder to be modelled which does not comply to the Default/Standard
being used.

It is responsibility of the SLH Administrator to ensure that only Handrail assemblies which comply with
the Default and Standard using them are specified.

The modelled handrail can be checked against the values in the Standard and Default after modelling, to
ensure the handrail complies with the Default and/or Standard it references, using the Data Checker
utility.

 Further guidance on the use of the Data Checker utility is provided in the
TM-1813 AVEVA Everything3D™ Stairs, Ladders and Handrail Modelling training guide.

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Clicking the Display button will open the Select Assembly form. This form lists all available Assemblies as
displayed in the Create Defaults form, with the addition of a graphical view to help users identify the correct
assembly. This form is also opened by right-clicking on the desired assembly in the grid and selecting Display
assembly... Using this option opens the Select Assembly form with the assembly chosen in the grid
displayed.

Or

Clicking the Select button on the Select Assembly

form with an assembly selected will Include that
assembly in the grid on the Handrail Detailing page.

The Dismiss button will close the Select Assembly

form.

 Handrail Assemblies comprise of various

parameters to define the geometry of handrails
created in Model, such as rail and post offsets
from the handrail route path. These are covered
in detail later in this guide.

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4.5.3 Creating a Default for Handrail – A Worked Example

In this worked example, a Default will be created for Handrail, based on the Standard created previously.

The Default created previously for the Stair Flight default worked example will be modified to include the
Handrail default.

 Defaults, in the same way as Standards and other elements managed via the SLH Administration Tasks
form, can be created and also modified via the link labels adjacent to the selected options list. The content
of the Create and Modify forms is the same.

From the SLH Administration Tasks form,

ensure the previously created default is
selected from the options list, and click the
Modify link label. The Modify Defaults form
is displayed.

Check the Include checkbox adjacent to the

Handrail option. The Handrail text changes
to a link label. Click the link label, and the
Handrail Constraints sub-page is
displayed.

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Complete the Default values as shown below, and ensure the Allow trace boundary checkbox is checked.

The next step is to complete the

Handrail Detailing sub-page. Click
either the Next arrow button at the
bottom of the form, or the Detailing link
label at the top of the form. The
Detailing sub-page is displayed.

Or

Ensure the Include new assemblies

automatically checkbox is checked.
This will allow assembles created later
in the guide to be available in this
Default without needing to reopen and
modify the Default.

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Click the Exclude All button to unselect

all the assemblies, then check the
/Lionweld_Kennedy_32/33.7/solid/500
/Heavy/GX assembly.

From the lower part of the form, clicking the Post

tab displays the Post Part list. Click the + button
adjacent to the table and the Post Part form is
displayed.

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In the Post Part form, select the post

/Lionweld_Kennedy_38/33.7/GX/500/Heavy_Duty and
click the Apply button. The selected post is added to
the Post Part list.

Click the Apply button on the Modify Defaults form to

apply any changes performed to the default.

This post will now available as an option to change to,

using the Tools > Components option, when modelling
handrail using this default.

Save work.

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4.6 The Rung Ladder Page

The Rung Ladder page of the Create Default form is split into two sub-pages,
Constraints and Detailing. These sub-pages are displayed by using the link
labels at the top of the form.

The Constraints sub-page

requires the user to select an
existing Standard on which the
Default is to be based. The range
of allowable values taken from the
standard are displayed in the table,
and the user can set Default and
Valid Values for the constraints,
within these ranges. Allowable
configurations and designs for rung
ladders can also be set form this
subpage, such as cage omission
and stile truncation. These are
covered in detail in the following
sections.

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The Detailing sub-page is where the

assemblies allowed for this Default, plus the
allowable rungs, Stile specifications, Cage
Hoops and Bar specifications etc. are
defined. These profiles and parts are added
and removed using the + and – buttons
adjacent to the various lists, similar to
previous forms covered.

Rung Ladders created using this Default will

be restricted to the options given in this form.

 While Rung Ladder Assemblies use specific profiles and parts, these parts are only used to visualise the
assembly and are not carried over into Rung Ladders modelled using the assembly. One exception is the
P-Line Justification of rung ladder stiles, which is taken directly from the Assembly, although different
sizes of the same GType profile can be specified and selected.

This differs from Handrail Assemblies where the profiles and parts used in the Assembly are also used
when modelling handrail. Assemblies are covered in detail later in this guide.

The lower area of the form consists of buttons

which facilitate the creation process.

Back and Next arrow buttons are displayed,

when applicable, to allow the user to navigate
to the next and previous page in the form.

The Create button will save the current

changes to the form, and return the user back
to the SLH Administration Tasks form.

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4.6.1 Rung Ladder Defaults - The Constraints Sub-Page

The first task when creating a Default is to select the

Standard on which the default is to be based. This is
picked from the available Standards in the Use min/max
values from standard options list.

4.6.1.1 Rung Ladder Constraints Table

When the Rung Ladder page is first opened, the Constraints
table will be populated with values taken from the first Standard
in the options list. When the required Standard is selected, the
Min and Max fields are populated with the values taken from that
standard.

If the default value in the table still falls within the Max and Min
stated in the selected Standard, then that Default value will
remain. If the Default now falls outside the Standard maximum
and minimum limits, an error message is displayed, and the
Default value is replaced with the minimum value from the
standard.

These Default values will need to be changed as required.

 Refer to the drawing in Section 3.4.3 for an explanation of each constraint

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As with Stair Flight and Handrail

defaults, the Valid Value fields can be
completed if required. Valid Values,
for example, could be used to define
the allowable Width Inside Stiles to
suit standard width ladder rungs.

4.6.1.2 Rung Spacing and Bottom Rung Spacing Default Values

Different industry standards can specify a height to the first rung which could be less than or greater than
the rung spacing. This is controlled by the Height of First Rung default value. The logic behind the
calculations used to define the rung spacings for vertical ladders is explained in the following example.

When a rung ladder is initially created, then the Rung Spacing and the Height of First Rung is calculated
to be as close as possible to the Rung Spacing Default value, as defined in the Default being used. In this
example, the vertical climbing height is 4700mm and the default Rung Spacing is 250mm. The Rung
Spacings and Height of first rung are therefore calculated at 19 rungs with a 247.37mm spacing. This is
always the case with rung ladders in Layout mode, and cannot be changed. This information is shown in
the Create Rung Ladder form, in the Rung Ladder Summary area.

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When a rung ladder is created using Detail mode, then the user has the option to set the ladder Rung
Spacing to another value, within the range set in the Default used, and the Bottom Rung Spacing is then
recalculated.

When there are two possible options for Bottom Rung Spacing which still fall within with the specified Default
range, then the option nearest to the Default value will be used.

For example, a ladder with a rung spacing of 250mm, and a climbing height of 4100mm could have a Bottom
Rung Spacing of either 100mm or 350mm (if this is within the range set in the Default, for example minimum
100mm, maximum 500mm). The option chosen will be the one closest to the Default value given.

If it is always preferable to take the higher

Bottom Rung Spacing option, then setting
the Default value to the maximum value
in the Height of First Rung range would
satisfy this.

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4.6.1.3 Rung Ladder Options and Settings

As well as considering dimensional

values based on a Standard, a Default
also gives the option of limiting the
allowable geometry and style of Rung
Ladders in Model, by way of checkbox
options and additional information.
There are three areas for settings in the
form; Cage, Top and Bottom.

The Cage options and their effect upon Rung Ladder design are as follows:

 Allow cage omission – When modelling a

Rung Ladder in Model, there is an option in the
Create Rung Ladder form to Omit Cage. With
the Allow cage omission checkbox unchecked,
this option in the Create Rung Ladder form will
be greyed out, and the user will not be allowed
to create a rung ladder without a cage when
using this default.

With the Allow cage omission checkbox

checked, the Omit cage checkbox in the Create
Rung Ladder form is active, and the user can
then choose if to have a cage.

A further Omit cage by default checkbox is

displayed when the Allow cage omission
checkbox is checked. This determines the
setting of the Omit Cage checkbox when the
Create Rung Ladder form is opened, although it
can be changed if required.

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 Flared Cages in Layout Mode – This option sets how the rung ladder cage will be displayed in
Layout mode. There are three options; None, Concentric and Eccentric.

When creating a rung ladder in Detail mode, the Concentric or Eccentric setting will be applied
to the chosen assembly, if that assembly has been created with a cage.

 Flared Cage Offset –

The size difference
between the parallel
portion of the cage and
the widest part (bottom
hoop) of the flared
section. This applies to
both concentric and
eccentric flares, as
shown. The Offset value
is applied to cages in
both Layout and Detail
mode.

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 Exit Hoop Extension – The horizontal distance the exit cage hoop bars extend beyond the picked
edge.

 Top Hoop Offset – The distance that the

top tube cage hoop is offset from the top
edge pick. The distance to the top hoop
could be either to the bottom or the top,
depending upon the justification line of the
cage hoop.

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 Side Exit Cage Clearance – The horizontal distance between the cage and the picked edge. The
ladder origin is therefore positioned at this value plus half the Cage Width.

 Cage Exit Width (Front Exit) – The distance between the exit hoop extensions of the cage, at the
widest point. The configuration of the hoop extensions will change, depending on if this distance is
greater than or less than the cage width, as shown in the below example of a circular ladder cage.

This behaviour will also change depending upon the configuration set in the Rung Ladder Assembly used by
the default. There are options for various shapes and configurations for rung ladder cages, and are covered
in detail later in the guide.

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The Top area of the form gives the option of allowing Top Rung Omission for the rung ladder.

 Allow top rung omission - Unchecked– With

this checkbox unchecked, any rung ladders
created using this default will always have the
top rung level with the top picked edge, with the
stiles extended in compliance with the Stile
Extension Above Top FFL and Front Exit
Width (Stiles) constraints as shown. The Omit
Top Rung option in the Create Rung Ladder
form will be greyed out.

 Allow top rung omission - Checked– With the

checkbox checked, the Omit Top Rung option
in the Create Rung Ladder form is available.

When omitting the top rung, the rung which

would have been level with the Top FFL is
omitted, the spacing for the remaining rungs is
unchanged.

The Omit top rung by default checkbox

determines if the Omit Top Rung checkbox in
the Create Rung Ladder form is checked or not
when opening the form.

The Curtail Distance textbox is the distance

the stiles are extended above the top rung, as
shown below (Stile Extension on the Create
Rung Ladder form).

 When omitting the top rung in Rung

Ladder creation, the ladder cage is also
omitted automatically.

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The Bottom area of the form gives options on the configuration of the bottom of the rungs.

 Always Truncate – with this checkbox

checked, all rung ladders modelled using
this Default will have the bottom of the
stiles truncated. The Truncate Stile
checkbox in the Create Rung Ladder form
will be checked, and greyed out to prevent
it being unchecked.

The method used to shorten the bottom of the stiles is controlled by two radio button options:

 Truncate Stile after Bottom Rung –

Checking this radio button will display a
Curtail distance textbox. The value entered
here will truncate the stile that distance
below the bottom rung.

 Use clearance from bottom – Checking

this radio button will display a Clearance
from FFL textbox. The value entered here
will truncate the stile that distance from the
bottom finished floor level.

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4.6.2 Rung Ladder Defaults - The Detailing Sub-Page

Clicking the Detailing link label (or the Next arrow button when in the Constraints
sub-page) will display the Detailing sub-page. From here an administrator can set
which Rung Ladder Assemblies are available for this default, as well as allowable
parts and specifications for Rungs, Stiles, Cage Bars etc., which are selectable in
the Create Rung Ladder form.

In the upper part of the Detailing for

Rung Ladder area of the form, a grid
showing the available Rung Ladder
Assemblies is displayed. Checking the
Included check box for an assembly will
make it available when using this Default.
The assemblies can be included
individually, or the administrator can make
use of the Include All and Exclude All
buttons.

Clicking the Display button will open the

Select Assembly form. This form gives a
3D view of the assemblies available to
help identify the required assembly.
Clicking the Select button will Include that
assembly in the default.

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As previously stated, the profiles specified in a Rung Ladder Assembly are not used when creating a Rung
Ladder which used that assembly. All parts and profiles used are as specified in the Default Detailing sub-
page. The lower part of the Detailing for Rung Ladder area of the form displays several Tabs which change
the context of the form, allowing Parts and Specifications to be set for Rungs, Stiles etc. Clicking the + button
adjacent to the relevant Part or Specification list will open the relevant selection form.

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For Rungs and Stiles, there is an additional option to specify different parts and profiles to be available for
different size rung ladders. For example, different profile specifications can be specified for different ranges
of ladder heights. Entering a value in the Range Limit text box and clicking the + button will add a range
value to the list.

Highlighting the required range in the list will allow specific profile specifications to be applied for that range
of ladder heights. Rung Ladders modelled using this Default will have the stile profile choices limited
depending upon the overall height of the rung ladder.

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Exercise 1 - Create a Rung Ladder Default

In this exercise, a Rung Ladder Default will be created, based upon the previously created Standard
SLH_Training_Standard.

Based on this Standard, configure the Rung Ladder pages in Default SLH_TRAIN_DEFAULT_001 to satisfy
the following requirements:

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 Cage omission and Top Rung omission not allowed.

 Bottom of stiles always truncated.

 Flared cages in Layout mode to be eccentric.

 Ensure the Include new assemblies automatically checkbox is checked.

 Side Exit Cage Clearance – 200mm.

 Cage exit width (front exit) – 650mm

 Include the two training

assemblies as shown:

The profiles for the ladder Stiles, Cage Bars and Cage Hoops
are as follows (all profile specifications are taken from Solid Bar
Profiles standard, Flat Bar Generic Type).

 Rungs – SLH_400mm_rung_simple (Part).

 Stiles – SB_FB100x10, P-Line justification LMID (all

ladder heights).

 Cage Hoops - SB_FB50x5, P-Line justification LBOT.

 Cage Bars - SB_FB50x5, P-Line justification LMID.

 Gate - 600mm Rung Ladder Double Chain.

Save work.

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4.7 The Step Ladder Page

The Step Ladder page of the Create Default form is also split into two sub-
pages, Constraints and Detailing. These sub-pages are displayed by using
the link labels at the top of the form.

The Constraints sub-page

requires the user to select an
existing Standard on which the
Default is to be based.

The range of allowable values

taken from the standard are
displayed in the table, and the user
can set Default and Valid Values
for the constraints, within these
ranges.

Allowable configurations and

designs for Step Ladders can also
be set from this subpage, for both
the step ladder and the associated
handrail. These are covered in
detail in the following sections.

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The Detailing sub-page is where the

assemblies allowed for this Default,
plus the allowable Treads, Stringer
specifications, Handrail and Post
specifications etc. are defined. These
profiles and parts are added and
removed using the + and – buttons
adjacent to the various lists, similar to
previous forms covered.

Step Ladders created using this Default

will be restricted to the options given in
this form.

The lower area of the form consists of

buttons which facilitate the creation
process.

Back and Next arrow buttons are

displayed, when applicable, to allow the
user to navigate to the next and
previous page in the form.

The Create button will save the current

changes to the form, and return the
user back to the SLH Administration
Tasks form.

 While Step Ladder Assemblies use specific profiles and parts, these parts are only used to visualise the
assembly and are not carried over into Rung Ladders modelled using the assembly. One exception is the
Pline Justification of rung ladder stiles, which is taken directly from the Assembly, although different sizes
of the same GType profile can be specified and selected.

Step ladder assemblies are only used for the Handrail of a Step Ladder. The stringer and tread geometry
is determined by settings in the Default, similar to Stair Flights.

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4.7.1 Step Ladder Defaults - The Constraints Sub-Page

The first task when creating a Default is to select the

Standard on which the default is to be based. This is
picked from the available Standards in the Use min/max
values from standard options list.

4.7.1.1 Step Ladder Constraints Table

When the Step Ladder page is first opened, the Constraints
table will be populated with values taken from the first Standard
in the options list. When the required Standard is selected, the
Min and Max fields are populated with the values taken from that
standard.

If the default value in the table still falls within the Max and Min
stated in the selected Standard, then that Default value will
remain. If the Default now falls outside the Standard maximum
and minimum limits, an error message is displayed, and the
Default value is replaced with the minimum value from the
standard.

These Default values will need to be

changed as required.

 Refer to the drawing in Section 3.4.4

for an explanation of each constraint

As with Stair Flight and Handrail defaults,

the Valid Value fields can be completed if
required. Valid Values, for example, could
be used to define the allowable Tread
Width to suit standard width treads.

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Most standards for step ladders will specify a specific Pitch Line
Offset which is to apply for a step ladder of a specific Angle of
Pitch.

Generally, a step ladder will be specified to an interger angle

within the constraint range, say every 5 degrees.

Since there is a direct relationship with the Angle of Pitch and

Pitch Line Offset, there must always be Valid Values entered
for both these constraints.

The corresponding Ange of Pitch and Pitch Line Offset values

must be entered in the same Valid Value column.

For example, in the default below, the Pitch Line Offset for a 60
degree pitch step ladder is 250mm, for a 65 degree step ladder
the Pitch Line Offset is 200mm etc.

4.7.1.2 Step Ladder Options and Settings

As well as considering dimensional values

based on a Standard, a Default also gives the
option of limiting the allowable geometry and
style of Step Ladders in Model, by way of
checkbox options and additional information.
There are two areas for settings in the form;
Step Ladder and Handrail.

These options and their effect upon Step

Ladder design are as follows:

The Step Ladder frame contains the following settings:

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 Top Extension (Min and max) – this is the

allowable size range for the top extension of a step
ladder.

 Nosing Offset – This value sets the distance

between the nose of the tread to the front edge of
the stringer. The distance is measured from the
nosing of the treads, perpendicular to the front edge
of the stringer.

The Nosing Offset is only applied to Step Ladders

in Detail mode.

 Top Stringer Gap and Bottom Stringer

Gap – These values are applied to the
Top and Bottom of the stringers, when
modelled to an edge (with no top
extension configurations). The gap is
applied, and will adjust to overall going
of the step ladder by the value.

The check boxes in the Allowable

Configurations area of the form control
if these gaps are applied or not.

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 Stringer Snipe – This setting applies to step

ladder configurations down to an edge. The
Stringer Snipe value is the vertical distance from
the bottom edge pick that a horizontal cut is
applied to the stringers.

The Handrail frame contains the following options:

 Top Post Offset – This is the distance to

the top post from the upper working point,
measured parallel to the stringer.

 Max Post Spacing – This is the maximum

allowed post spacing between the posts
attached to the stringers.

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 Post Extension – This is the

distance to the bottom of the handrail
posts from the top edge of the
stringers.

 Bend Radius – The bend radius for

all the bends in the handrail

 Exit Extension – The distance the

handrail exit post is extended past
the upper edge pick.

 Minimum Exit Height – This is the

minimum allowable height for the top
rail of the top shape of the handrail.

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4.7.1.3 Allowable Configurations for Step Ladders

There are several configurations which will determine the

geometry and route of step ladders, which are selectable
from the Create Step Ladder form when modelling a step
ladder.

The route of the stair flight represents the centreline of the

stair flight, and tread nosings are positioned along this
route.

Create Step Ladder form in Model Create Step Ladder form in Model
To Plane Options To Edge Options

The Allowable Configurations checkboxes in the Step Ladder

page of the Create Default form give an administrator control
over the options which will be available to a user in Model. Two
configurations are applicable to stair flights which are positioned
between two edges, such as platform to platform. Two
configurations are applicable for Step Ladders where the top
reference point is an edge, and the bottom reference point is
defined on a plane, for example from a platform edge to a floor.

The To plane with top extension configuration is mandatory,

and must always be selected. If this is unchecked an error is
displayed and the checkbox re-checked.

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The four configurations are a combination of a top with or without a top extension, and the bottom defined
either to an edge or a plane.

Top configurations.

Top Extension No Top Extension

Bottom Configurations

To Edge To Plane

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4.7.2 Step Ladder Defaults - The Detailing Sub-Page

Clicking the Detailing link label (or the Next arrow button when in the
Constraints sub-page) will display the Detailing sub-page. From here an
administrator can set which Step Ladder Assemblies are available for this
default, as well as allowable parts and specifications for Treads, Stringers, and
Handrail profiles., which are selectable in the Create Step Ladder form.

In the upper part of the Detailing for Step

Ladder area of the form, a grid showing the
available Step Ladder Assemblies is displayed.
Checking the Included check box for an
assembly will make it available when using this
Default.

The assemblies can be included individually, or

the administrator can make use of the Include
All and Exclude All buttons.

Clicking the Display button displays the Select

Assembly form.

The form gives a 3D view of the handrail

assemblies available to help identify the required
assembly.

Clicking the Select button includes the

highlighted assembly in the Default.

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As with Rung Ladder assemblies, the profiles specified in a Step Ladder Assembly are not used when
creating a Step Ladder which uses that assembly. All parts and profiles used are as specified in the Default
Detailing sub-page. The lower part of the Detailing for Step Ladder area of the form displays several tabs
which change the context of the form, allowing Parts and Specifications to be set for Treads, Stringers,
Handrails and Posts. Clicking the + button adjacent to the relevant Part or Specification list displays the
relevant Specification form.

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Exercise 2 - Create a Step Ladder Default

In this exercise, a Step Ladder Default will be created based upon the previously created Standard
SLH_Training_Standard.

Based on this Standard, configure the Step Ladder pages in Default SLH_TRAIN_DEFAULT_001 to satisfy
the following requirements:

 Nosing Offset – 5mm

 No Top or Bottom stringer

gaps

 Stringer Snipe – 80mm

 Max Post Spacing – 700mm

 Top Post Offset – 100mm

 Post Extension – 75mm

The three Valid Values for the Angle

of Pitch and Pitch Line Offset are:

 60° - 250mm

 65° - 200mm

 70° - 150mm

 Two Valid Values for tread

width – 500mm and 600mm.

 Allow all four Stepladder

Configurations.

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From the Detailing page, set the

following criteria for assemblies, treads
and profiles:

 Include handrail assemblies

B1T1 and B1T2

Include the following Treads:

 Fixed Non-Slip Tread 500x120

 Fixed Non-Slip Tread 600x120
 Stepladder_Tread_Variable
 Stepladder Tread Fixed 500x140
 Stepladder Tread Fixed 600x140

Include the following specifications for Stringers:

 SB_FB120x12, Pline justification LTOP

 SB_FB150x10, Pline justification LTOP

Include the following specification for Handrails:

 BS-CHS42.4x2.6, Pline justification NA

Include the following specification for Posts:

 BS-CHS33.7x2.6, Pline justification NA

Finally, check the Make available to users checkbox at the bottom of the Create Defaults form, and click
Apply. This will make this Default available for selection when creating Stairways, Handrail, Rung Ladders
and Step Ladders and will be used later in this guide.

Save work.

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 CHAPTER 5

5 Assemblies

As discussed previously, Handrail, Rung Ladder and Step Ladder Defaults make use of Assemblies to define
the materials, parts and dimensions used to create the elements in Detail mode. These Assemblies in turn
reference specifications for sections used, for example ladder stringers and handrails. Assemblies for
handrails also reference parts for handrail posts. This chapter covers the creation and modification of these
assemblies.

5.1 Overview of Assemblies

Assemblies and the associated hierarchy are created

via the SLH Administration Tasks form.

The hierarchy for Assemblies is organised as shown

below.

These hierarchy elements, when created via the

SLH Administration Tasks form, automatically
have the Purpose attribute set to ASSE, which
tells the application these are used for
Assemblies.

As mentioned previously, Assemblies are stored

in an Application Data World (APPLDW). The
hierarchy below this consists of Application Data
Area (APPDAR) elements, Application Data
Elements (APPLDA), ZONEs and STRUs.

The HANDRA, RLADDR and SLADDR elements

for assemblies are stored beneath the STRU
elements.

Note that multiple APPLDW, APPLDA, Zones

etc. can be created if desired, depending upon
the requirements of a specific project.

The following sections will cover Handrail, Rung

Ladder and Step Ladder Handrail assemblies in
detail.

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5.2 Handrail Assembly Hierarchy

Handrail assemblies for Continuous handrails are created as HANDRA (Handrail) elements. These
elements hold all the information for that assembly, and are structured as shown.

Handrail (HANDRA) elements for Continuous handrail assemblies own the following:

 Rail Set (RAILSE) – this in turn owns RAIL elements, which hold all the information on position
and specification.

 Post Set (POSTSE) – this in turn owns HRPOST elements which hold all post position and Part
information. Parts can reference either Templates or Components, and are covered later in this
guide.

 Handrail Kick Plate Set (HRKPSE) – holds information relating to position and specification of the
kickplate

 Route Path (RPATH) – this in turn owns Route Points (POINTR) elements which define the route
of the handrail. This route is only used for the visualisation of the Handrail assembly, and has no
bearing on any handrails modelled using this assembly.

Handrail assemblies for panelled handrail differ as they have no Post Set (POSTSE) or Rail Set (RAILSE)
element. These are replaced by one or more Handrail Panel Set (HRPNSE) elements, which in turn own
Handrail Panel (HRPANE) elements. More than one HRPNSE element is required when more than one
handrail panel part has been added to the assembly. Each HRPNSE element will own one or more instance
of only one specific HRPANE element.

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5.3 Rung Ladder Assembly Hierarchy

Rung Ladder assemblies are created as RLADDR (Rung Ladder) elements. These elements hold all the
information for that assembly, and are structured as shown.

RLADDR elements for Rung Ladder assemblies own the following:

 Rung Set (RUNGSE) - this in turn owns LDRRUN (Ladder Rung) elements, which hold all the
information for ladder rung specifications.

 Ladder Stile (LDRSTR) – these elements in turn own GENSECS which represent the two ladder
stiles. There are typically two LDRSTR elements owned by the RLADDR, one each for Front Exit
and Side Exit ladder options. The required option is referred to when creating a rung ladder using
the assembly, and is identified by the Function attribute of the LDRSTR element (FRONT or SIDE).
The geometry of the stiles differs as front exit ladder stiles usually have a larger exit gap. This is
covered later in this chapter.

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 Rung Ladder Cage (RLCAGE) – this element owns GENSECS which define the position and
specification for the vertical bars of the ladder cage. It also owns a Hoop Set (HOOPSE) element,
which in turn owns further GENSECs which hold data for the ladder cage hoops.
The assembly will contain multiple CAGESEG elements, which are used to represent various
options and cage segments which will be used when creating rung ladders referencing this
assembly. These are identified by the Function attribute of the CAGESEG element; TUBE for the
main body of the ladder cage, and either FRONT, LEFT or RIGHT for the three possible options for
the cage exit.

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5.4 Step Ladder Assembly Hierarchy

Step Ladder assemblies are created as SLADDR (Step Ladder) elements. These elements hold all the
information for that assembly, and are structured as shown.

SLADDR elements for Step Ladder assemblies own the following:

 SLRAIL1 and SLRAIL2 – Step Ladder Handrails, one left and one right which own GENSECs for
the handrails posts and rail.

 TREADS – Tread Set that owns TREAD elements for the Step Ladder.

 TOPEXT – Top Extension that owns the PANE element which represents the top extension of the
Step Ladder

 STRSTR – Stringer Set that owns GENSECs for the Step Ladder stringers.

Step Ladder assemblies are only used by the application to define the handrail geometry. The stringers and
treads are only present in the assembly to aid the visualisation of how the handrail will look when a step
ladder is modelled in Design using this assembly. The actual treads and stringers used are as defined in
the Default being used.

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5.5 Worked Example – Creating the SLH Assemblies Hierarchy

In the SLH Administration Tasks form, ensure the

previously created Dataworld SLH Training Dataworld
is selected in the Dataworld options list.

In the Assemblies area of the form, click the Create link

label adjacent to the Area options list. The Create SLH
Area for Assemblies form is displayed.

Enter a Name of Training_Assemblies_SLH, a

Description of Training Assemblies SLH, and click the
Create button. The new data area is created, and can be
seen in the Model Explorer and the SLH Administration
Tasks form.

With the Area created, the Create link label adjacent to the Element options list is shown. Continue to
create the Element, Zone and Structure elements as shown.

Create the Element (APPDA) with a name of

SLH_Training_Assemblies_Data and a description of
SLH Training Assemblies Data.

Create the Zone with a name of

SLH_Training_Assemblies_Zone and a description of
SLH Training Assemblies Zone.

Create the Structure with a name of

SLH_Training_Assemblies_Stru and a description of
SLH Training Assemblies Stru.

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The created elements are displayed in the SLH Administration Tasks form, and the Model Explorer.

Save Work.

5.6 Handrail Assemblies - the Create Handrail Assemblies Form

After creating the hierarchy, two Create options are available

for Handrail and Rung Ladder assemblies. Clicking the
Handrail Create link label will display the Create Handrail
form.

The form is divided into three pages; General, Assembly Details and
Select Specifications. These pages are covered in detail in the following
sections. When a page is active, an arrow is displayed adjacent to the
text at the top of the page, identifying which page is active.

When first using the Create form, each page must be visited in order using
the Next arrow button at the bottom of the form. Pages which have not
been visited have an orange triangle shown adjacent to the text.

Once a page has been visited, the orange triangle is replaced with a blue
tick, and the text becomes a link label, which allows the user to navigate
between pages as required.

When opened, the Create Handrail Assembly form defaults to the

General page. The Name and Description of the assembly are set
here. The user also can choose what type of handrail this assembly is
for, Continuous or Panelled, via radio buttons. The type of handrail
selected changes the Assembly Details and Select Specification
pages, and are explained in the following sections.

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5.6.1 Continuous Handrail Assemblies – Select Specifications Page

When the General page has been completed,

clicking the Next arrow button at the bottom of
the form takes the user to the Select
Specifications page. This page allows the
specifications for the posts, rails and kickplate to
be defined.

Clicking the Select link label adjacent to the Top Rail Specification, Other Rail Specification or Kickplate
Specification textboxes will open the relevant Specification form. This form allows the user to select a
catalogue profile to be used for that rail or kickplate, and set the P-Line Justification required. Note that
Member Line Justification and Joint Line Justification need not be changed as they have no bearing
on sections used in handrail assemblies, and can remain at the default NA setting.

The Top Rail Specification will be applied to the uppermost

rail specified in the Assembly Details page grid. Any other
rails will use the Other Rail Specification.

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Clicking the Apply Changes link label will set the

specification in the Create Handrail Assembly form.
The Dismiss link label will close the Specification form
and disregard any changes made which have not been
Applied.

The upper-most rail will be assigned the Top Rail

Specification profile. It will also be given a Function
attribute of HAND. This is used when utilising the
Modify Handrail Components form when modifying
an existing Handrail.

The rail with Function set to HAND is identified as the

Hand Rail, and the profile specification can be changed
to options set in the Default for Top Rail.

Clicking the Select link label adjacent to the Post Part

textbox will open the Post Part form. This form allows a
Post Part to be selected and used in the assembly.

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Clicking the Apply button will set the specification in the Create Handrail Assembly form. The Cancel button
will close the Specification form and disregard any changes made which have not been Applied.

 This post will be used when continuous handrail is created using this assembly, however individual posts
can be changed to different post parts included in the default being used, as covered in the Defaults
chapter of this guide.

5.6.2 Continuous Handrail Assemblies – Assembly Details Page

The Assembly Details page is available once the General page has been completed and the Continuous
radio button has been selected, clicking the Next arrow button will take the user the Assembly Details page.
This page contains information for the geometry of the assembly being created.
When creating an Assembly, the user can define the geometry of the handrail assembly by entering values
into the Assembly Details area of the form. When clicking Create, the handrail assembly can be seen in
the 3D view, which gives a preview of how a handrail created in the model using this assembly would look.

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The details required for a Continuous Handrail Assembly are defined as follows:

It is important to understand that some of the details added for the

assembly are purely to allow the assembly to be built and be visible in the
3D view. These values are:

 Post Spacing

 Post End Distance

 Post Corner Distance

 Rail Bend Radius.

When creating a Handrail in the model using this

assembly, these values are taken from the
constraints set in the Default being used. The
values used in the Assembly are disregarded.

The remaining details refer to the position of posts, rails and the kickplate, and also the post length. These
details apply to both the assembly and any handrail modelled using this assembly.

The Post Length dimension is used to set the length of the post in the assembly, and also the post length
of any handrails created in the model using this assembly. Note that this value only applies to Handrail
Posts, created as a Template, which have a Variable post length. If a fixed length post is used the Post
Length value is ignored. Templates are covered later in this guide. Rail and Post positions are expressed
in terms of X and Z offsets, and heights above the finished floor level.

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Rails are added using the + button adjacent to the grid. The quantity
and position of the rails required is set here. Note that the Top
Distance and Spacing values (shown in the following diagram) in
the Rail list are calculated automatically when the Height above
FFL value is added. Changing any of these values will
automatically update the other values to suit. Rails can be removed
from the grid using the – button.

The X and Z offsets and rail spacings are taken from what will be
the route path of handrail created in the model using this assembly,
as shown in the following diagrams.

The Post X Offset and Post Z Offset dimensions are applied to

the origin of the post. This origin is determined when the post is
created, either as a Component or a Template, which is covered
later in this guide.

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5.6.3 Panelled Handrail Assemblies – Select Specifications Page

When the General page has been completed,

clicking the Next arrow button at the bottom of
the form takes the user to the Select
Specifications page. For Panelled Handrail this
page allows the specifications for the Panel
Parts and kickplate to be defined, similar to
Continuous mode.

5.6.4 Panelled Handrail Assemblies – Assembly Details Page

In Panelled Handrail mode, the Assembly Details page of the Create Handrail Assembly form is similar to
Continuous mode; however, the Post Length option and the Rail grid are not relevant for Panelled handrail
and are omitted.

Also, the first four settings (Post Spacing, Post End Distance, Post Corner Distance and Rail Bend
Radius) do not have any bearing on the geometry of the assembly created, and can therefore be left as the
default setting.

 Although Post Spacing, Post End Distance, Post Corner Distance and Rail Bend Radius attributes do not
affect the assembly geometry, these attributes could be used by Rules set in Handrail panel parts.

The Kickplate and Panel offset values define the position of the panel parts and kickplate, similar to
Continuous rails, as shown in the following diagram.

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5.6.5 Use of Panelled Handrail Assemblies

When creating assemblies for Panelled handrail, administrators must consider the logic used when routing
panelled handrail between two points, and the effect of having Variable and Fixed length panel components.

 The creation of Handrail Panel Templates and Parts is covered later in this guide

When a panelled handrail is routed between 2 points, then the application attempts to fill the gap with the
maximum number of the longest length panels available in the selected assembly. If the longest length panel
is longer than the gap, the application will attempt to use the next longest panel. This could be either a fixed
length panel, or the default length of a variable panel. It will then attempt to fill the remaining gap with a suitable
variable length panel included in this assembly.

The longest length panel available can be either a fixed or variable length panel. For a variable length panel,
the application only considers the Default length of the panel set in the Template or Component, unless used
as a closing panel.

The following examples are based upon an assembly containing the following panels:

 Variable panel A, Min Length 2500mm, Max length 3500mm, Default length 3500mm

 Variable panel B, Min Length 1300mm, Max length 2000mm, Default length 2000mm

 Variable panel C, Min Length 400mm, Max length 1299mm, Default length 400mm

In the following example, a length of 12000mm has been filled using 3x Panel A and 1x Panel C. Since the
3500mm Default length panel is the longest contained in the assembly, the application will use as many
3500mm length panels as possible. Since the remaining gap requires a panel of 1100mm and Panel C has a
minimum length of 400mm and a maximum length of 1299mm, it is used to fill the gap.

In all the following examples, there is a 100mm gap between panels, and a 50mm gap at the start and end of
the handrail.

In this example, a length of 9000mm has been filled using 2x Panel A and 1x Panel B. Again, the maximum
number of the longest (3500mm) default length panels has been used. However, the panel length required to
close the gap is 1700mm. Since Panel B has a minimum length of 1300mm and a maximum length of 2499mm,
it is used to fill the gap.

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In this example, a length of 9500mm has been filled using 2x Panel A. However, since there is no suitable
panel available which can accommodate the required 2200mm panel length, the gap is not filled.

Although the assembly does include Panel B, which could in fact be utilised as a solution to completely fill this
length, the application will always attempt to use the largest length panel available. It should also be noted
that only two different panel lengths will be used to try to complete handrail between any two points,
irrespective if there are multiple panels available in the assembly used. Although it is possible to further
modify a panelled handrail, either by changing, adding or removing panels (by using the Modify Handrail
Components form) it can be seen from this example that multiple assemblies, using different variations of
available panels, may be required to keep any modification to a minimum.

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5.7 Creating a Continuous Handrail Assembly – A Worked Example

In this worked example, a top mounted continuous handrail assembly will be created.

The SLH Administration Tasks form should still be open. Ensure the previously created Structure SLH
Training Assemblies Stru is selected in the Assemblies area of the form. Click the Create link label adjacent
to the Handrail options list. The General page of the Create Handrail Assembly form is displayed.

Enter a name of Train_TM_Cont_HR_Assy and a

Description of Train TM Continuous Hrail Assy.
Ensure the Continuous radio button is checked.

Click the Next arrow button to display the Select

Specifications page of the form.

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In the Select Specification page, click the Select link label

adjacent to the Top Rail Specification textbox.

The Top Rail Specification form is displayed. In this form,

navigate to the Standard European Standard Profiles
and Generic Type Circular Hollow Sections. Select a
Profile Size of OD48.3x2.6 from the Profile Size list.

The rails used in this assembly need to have the top of the
rails 1100mm and 550mm from the finished floor level, so
the P-Line Justification needs to be set to CTOP, which is
the top centre of TUBE G-Type sections.

Click Apply on the Top Rail Specification form and the

Top Rail Specification is added.

Repeat this process for the Other Rail Specification,

using the same specification as the top rail.

This process also needs to be repeated for the Kickplate Specification. In the Kickplate Specification form,
navigate to the Standard Solid Bar Profiles and Generic Type Flat Bar. Select a Profile Size of SB_FB100x8
from the Profile Size list.

The P-Line justification for the flat bar needs to be set to the bottom left corner, which corresponds to P-
Line RBOT for flat bar. Click Apply on the Kickplate Specification form and the Kickplate Specification is
added. Cancel the Kickplate Specification form.

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The next step is to add a Post Part to the assembly.

Clicking the Select link label adjacent to the Post Part
textbox will display the Post Part form.

Select Key-Clamp-Size-8-Railing-Mid-Post from the

Select Component list. A preview of the post is shown
on the form. Click Apply and the selected post is added
to the Post Part textbox in the Create Handrail
Assembly form.

Click the Next arrow button to progress to the Assembly Details page of the form.

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Before creating a handrail assembly, consideration needs to be given to the elements to be used, and their
position in respect to the route path of the assembly.

In this example, the handrail post Key-Clamp-Size-8-Railing-Mid-Post is used. The dimensions of this post
are as shown, along with the kickplate specification and position to be used.

This post requires rails of 48.3mm OD tube, and the post origin is
positioned at the bottom centre of the baseplate.

Handrail using this assembly is to be offset 60mm from the route path
(Post X Offset).

The distance between the base of the posts and the bottom of the
kickplate will be 100mm (Kickplate Z Offset).

The Kickplate X Offset is calculated as the Post X Offset + half the

diameter of the post i.e. 60mm + (48.3mm / 2) = 84.15mm.

Since the post origin is at the same elevation as the route path, the Post
Z Offset value can be left as zero.

The Post Corner Distance should be 300mm.

Enter these values into the Assembly Details area of the form as
shown.

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The next stage is to add the required rails into the grid in the Assembly Details page.

Click the + button adjacent to the form to add a new rail to the
grid

Create two rails, one 1100mm and one 550mm above FFL,
both with an X-offset of 60mm.

All the required information for the Assembly is now

complete. Clicking Build Assembly on the Create
Handrail Assembly form will create the Assembly, close
the form and return the user to the to the SLH
Administration Tasks form.

The assembly is created and is shown in the 3D view. Here

the user can verify the position and alignment of the posts,
rails and kickplate. The Assembly can be seen in the SLH
Administration Tasks form, and also in the Model
Explorer.

Save work.

If any settings are incorrect, then clicking the Modify link

label adjacent to the Handrail options list will open the
Modify Handrail Assembly form, which has the same
options available as the Create Handrail form.

All pages are available and can be navigated to using the

link labels at the top of the form. Clicking the Apply button
will accept any changes and close the form. Clicking the
Task List button will disregard any changes made in the
form and return the user to the SLH Administration
Tasks form.

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Exercise 3 – Creating a Panelled Handrail Assembly

In the following exercise, a panelled, side mounted handrail will be created to satisfy the following criteria:

 Name –
Train_SM_Panelled_HR_Assy.

 Description – Train SM Panelled HR

Assy.

 Handrail Type – Panelled.

Since the origin of the panel templates has

already considered the position of the X and Z
offset in relation to the handrail route path, the
X and Z offset for the assembly can remain at
zero. Use Profile Size SB_FB100x8 (located in
Solid Bar Profiles / Flat Bar) for the kickplate,
positioned as shown.

Three existing Handrail Panel parts are to be

used in the assembly,

AVEVA-SIDE-MOUNT-VARI-GAP,

AVEVA-SIDE-MOUNT-VARI-2000-1-BAY

AVEVA-SIDE-MOUNT-VARI-3500-2-BAY

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The created assembly will be

displayed in the 3D View, and
added to the Model Explorer.

The assembly can be tested in by

creating a Handrail in the model
which uses this assembly.

Add ZONE BUILDING_B02 to the

3D View. Navigate to STRU
BUILDING_02_LEVEL_05, which
is where the Rung Ladder will be
created.

Create a Panelled Handrail using the Default

SLH Training Default 001 created earlier. As
the Include new assemblies automatically
checkbox was checked when the default was
created, the new assemblies created in this
exercise and previous worked example are
present in the Default.

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Route the handrail around the roof of the building as shown. Note the system attempts to use as many longest
default length panels as possible, and closes the gap with a suitable variable width panel.

 Since the panel parts are not symmetrical, it is important to define the handrail panel route path in the
correct direction, otherwise the panels will be created opposite to the required orientation. In this example,
the route path needs to be defined in an anti-clockwise direction (do not use the Copy Route Path
function).

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5.8 Rung Ladder Assemblies - The Create Rung Ladder Assembly Form

Clicking the Create link label adjacent to the Rung Ladder options list in the Assemblies section of the SLH
Administration Tasks form will display the Create Rung Ladder Assembly form.

The form is divided into four pages; General,

Stiles, Cage, and Details. These pages are
covered in detail in the following sections.
When a page is active, an arrow is
displayed adjacent to the text at the top of the
page.

The Preview pane is present on all pages of

the form, and will change to suit the context
of the active page.

When first using the Create form, each page

must be visited in order using the Next arrow
button at the bottom of the form. Pages which
have not been visited and completed with the
required information have an orange triangle
shown adjacent to the text.

Once a page (or sub-page) has been visited

and all necessary information completed, the
orange triangle is replaced with a blue tick,
and the text becomes a link label, which
allows the user to navigate between pages as
required.

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5.8.1 The Rung Ladder Assembly Form – General Page

When opened, the Create Rung Ladder Assembly

form defaults to the General page. The Name and
Description of the assembly are set here. Other
constraints, used in defining the assembly geometry
only are also set here.

 Some dimensions and settings are used for

visualisation of the assembly. Such values are
disregarded when modelling a rung ladder, as the
dimensions and settings taken from the Default
take priority.

Other dimensions are attributes which are hard-coded

in the assembly and cannot be changed via the Create
Rung Ladder Assembly form, and are again only for
the purpose of the assembly geometry. These values
can be changed by modifying the attribute for the
RLADDR if required.

The following parameters are only considered in the assembly:

 Rung Thickness – used to set the thickness

displayed as red aid lines in the Preview
pane. Note the actual rung profile selected is
also visible.

 Width and Exit Height refer to the ladder stile

geometry, as shown in the adjacent sketch.

The Stile Exit Width dimension (StilExitWidth

Attribute) is hard-coded to 550mm in the
assembly.

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 Cage Width, Cage Depth and Exit

Width for Front and Side exit ladders are
as shown in the following sketches. Exit
Width refers to the Cage exit width, both
for front and side exit cage types.

The hard-coded ExDistance Attribute

(Exit Distance) refers to the distance
from the centre of the ladder rungs to the
end of the cage exit bars, as shown.

 Hand Gap and Bend/Thickness values

are relevant for both the Assembly
geometry and the geometry of rung
ladders modelled using this assembly.

 Hand Gap refers to the gaps between

the cage bars and ladder stiles, if the
Hand Gap style of cage is selected for
the assembly, as shown below.

 Bend/Thickness defines the bend

radius for cage bars when a bend is
introduced, for example in cages with a
hand gap as shown below. For example,
a 5mm thick bar, with a Bend/Thickness
setting of 3 will give a 15mm bend radius
(i.e.15/5).

 This bend radius can only be applied where

two straight segments of bar meet. A bend
radius cannot be added between a straight
and curved section of a bar.

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Profile type and justification for rungs and cage bars are set
in the lower part of the General section of the form. Clicking
the Select link label adjacent to the textboxes will display the
relevant profile selection form. When the profile and P-Line
Justification is selected, clicking the Apply button will
populate the field in the Create Rung Ladder Assembly
form.

5.8.1.1 Rung Ladder Assemblies - Profile Choice and Behaviour

It is important to understand how the selection in the Assembly for profiles and profile justification affect the
actual modelled rung ladder:

 Rung and cage profiles and justifications specified in Assemblies do not have any bearing on rung
ladders modelled using this assembly, as the profiles and justification options available in the Default
will be used. They are specified in the Assembly purely to give a graphical representation as to how
the Assembly geometry will look.

 As cage profiles are positioned using rules defined in assemblies, it is good practice to use the same
justification for the Rungs, Cage Hoops and Cage Bars in both Assemblies and Defaults, to ensure
the geometry built in the Assembly will match rung ladders modelled using Default profiles.

For example, using different justifications for Cage Hoops may result in misalignment or gaps in the
steelwork. In the example shown below, a justification of LBOT for the cage hoop is specified in the
Assembly; however, a flat bar profile with NA justification is used in the Default. It can be seen that
the position of the flat bar cage hoop is the same, but the different justification will give an incorrect
result.

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When using the AVEVA catalogue Flat Bar profiles, it is recommended that
the justification for Cage Hoops is set to LBOT, and the Cage Bars set to
LMID. If using different profiles, or catalogue profiles with alternative P-Line
identification, then the administrator will need to determine the best
justification to suit the assembly requirements.

AVEVA Catalogue Flat Bar

Profile P-Lines

For example, if the top of the uppermost cage hoop is required

to be flush with the top of the vertical cage bars, it is important
to have the justification set to a P-Line located at the bottom of
the profile, otherwise the hoop will be misaligned, as shown.

Similarly, the bottom of the lowest hoop of the ladder cage could
be lower than the minimum head clearance for the start of the
cage, which could cause ladders to be outside of the required
standard.

Some modifications to the cage hoop shape, and position of the

vertical cage bars, can be made on later pages of the Create
Rung Ladder Assembly form, and are covered later in this
chapter.

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5.8.2 The Rung Ladder Assembly Form – the Stiles Page

The Stiles page is available once the General page has been completed. It is divided into two sub-pages,
Specification and Front Exit.

Clicking the Next arrow button will take the

user the Specification sub-page. This is
where the required stile profile
specification and justification is selected.

Clicking the Select link label adjacent to

the Stile textbox will display the Select
Stile form. Here the required specification
and justification for the stile profile can be
selected.

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Clicking Apply will populate the Stile textbox with

the selected profile and the Preview pane in the
form is updated to show the stile position.

It is important to understand the relationship between the Stile profile type (GTYPE) and justification selected
in the Assembly, and the profiles available for stiles specified in the default using this assembly:

 When an Assembly is called up in a Default, then only Stile profiles which match the Stile GTYPE
specified in the Assembly can be used. For example, if the Assembly uses a Flat Bar GTYPE profile,
then the profile selected in the default must also be Flat Bar. Any other GTYPE profiles which are
available in the Default, but do not match the Stile GTYPE in the Assembly, are filtered out on the
Create Rung Ladder form. If no Flat Bar profiles are contained in the Default, then the Rung ladder
cannot be created in Detail mode.
 The Justification for Stiles when creating a Rung Ladder is taken from the Rung Ladder Assembly
being used.

Once the stile specification has been added,

the Summary section of the form is
completed, indicating the stile GTYPE and
Justification of the Assembly.

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When the stile specification has been selected,

clicking the Next arrow button will display the
Front Exit sub-page.

This sub-page allows the front exit shape

required for the stiles to be chosen and, if
required, edited. This determines how the rung
ladder stiles transition from the rung width to the
exit width.

There are four options for the stile front exit

shape, three which use the front exit stile width,
and one which simply extends the stiles up to
the top extension height without changing width.
The required shape is chosen by clicking the
corresponding option, which is then highlighted.
The Preview window updates to show the
selected stile configuration.

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When the style has being selected,

there is an option to edit the dimensions
of the stiles, by clicking the Shape
Editor link label. This opens the Shape
Editor panel in the form, and displays a
number at the points used to determine
the stile geometry in the Preview pane.
These numbers correspond to positions
shown in the Shape Editor panel; point
1 is at the top of the list.

The dimensions are determined using formulae which are based on existing
known sizes. Clicking the View Dimensions button will display the Front Exit
Stile Dimensions form, which shows a drawing of the dimensions.

The sizes shown can be edited to suit, for example the Z value can be increased to 400mm as shown in
the example below. Clicking the Apply Changes button will update the Preview panel.

Clicking the Back to Selection button closes

the Shape Editor panel.

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5.8.3 The Rung Ladder Assembly Form – the Cage Page

Once the Stiles pages have been completed, clicking the Next
arrow button will display the Cage page of the form. This page
consists of five subpages, which need to be completed to
define the shape of the rung ladder cage, for both front and
side exit options.

5.8.3.1 The Stile Connection Sub-Page

The first sub-page displayed is the Stile

Connection page. Here the dimensions
regarding the cage hoop to stile connection can
be modified if required.

There are three dimensions, which are displayed

in the Preview panel. Option lists allow the user
to pick the relevant dimension, based on existing
geometry, such as stile width and thickness.

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Dimension A is the gap between the origin of the

stiles to the origin of the cage bars. If care has been
taken to correctly define the justification Plines for
stile and cage bars, then this can be simply set to
the stile width.

 The C dimension is required for ladder cage

shapes with a hand gap. It is used in
determining the geometry of the cage hoops,
and should be left set to the cage bar Flat Bar
Thickness to ensure the bar is positioned
correctly when a hand gap is required.

Dimension B is the distance from the origin of the

stile to the back edge of the cage hoop bar, and will
often require modifying to suit good fabrication
practices.

By default, this is set to half the width of the stile. It

can be modified by entering a value in the adjacent
checkbox as shown. This value is the distance the
bar is cut back from the back edge of the stile, as
shown in the example below where a 25mm cut back
has been added.

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5.8.3.2 The Tube Shape Sub-Page

Clicking the Next arrow button will display the

Tube Shape sub-page. Here the required
configuration and shape of the rung ladder cage
can be selected and modified.

The context of the form changes to show the Tube

Shape for Cage panel. This works in a similar way
to the Front Exit Shape selection covered
previously. There are four options available,
Round, Round with Hand Gaps, Square, and
Square with Hand Gaps.

The required shape is chosen by clicking the

corresponding option, which is then highlighted,
and the Preview panel is updated to show the
selected option.

Once the shape has been selected, there are two

further options for customising the shape of the
hoops, and the position of the vertical bars.

Clicking the Bar Editor link label will display the

Position Cage Bars panel in the form. Here the
angle and position of the vertical bars can be
modified if required.

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When a bar is positioned at 180°, a single bar is added to the assembly. If the angle of this bar is changed
so it is not positioned at the 180°, then the bar is moved and an additional bar is added, mirrored about the
centerline of the ladder assembly. The additional GENSEC element can be seen beneath the CAGSEG
element.

When the X and Y fields are left blank, the bars are
positioned at the specified angle, along the
justification line of the cage hoops. However, if a
dimension is added to the X and Y fields for a point,
then the bar is positioned at that point. The distance
is taken from the centre of the ladder rungs as
shown. Again, if any bar is positioned on the
centerline, then only one bar is added, otherwise the
bar is mirrored about the ladder centerline. With
dimensions added to the X and Y fields, the Angle
entered only applies to the orientation of the bar, not
the position.

To apply any modifications to the cage bar positions, click the Apply Changes button. The Back to
Selection button returns the form back to the Tube Shape for Cage panel.

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Clicking the Shape Editor link label will open the

Shape Editor panel on the form. Here the point
used to determine the geometry of the ladder cage
hoops can be modified if required. Again, as
previously covered with other editors, points are
used to determine the geometry of the hoop, and
these are changed by amending the X, Y and Fillet
values in the list.

5.8.3.3 The Front Exit Shape Sub-Page

Clicking the Next arrow button will display the Front Exit Shape
sub-page. Here the required configuration and shape of the cage
at the exit of front exit rung ladders can be selected and modified.

There are three options for the Front Cage Exit shape. These can be selected and modified using the Bar
Editor and Shape Editor options, in the same way as described previously for the Cage Tube Shape sub-
page.

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5.8.3.4 The Side Exit Shape Sub-Page

Clicking the Next arrow button will display the Side Exit Shape
sub-page. Here the required configuration and shape of the cage at
the exit of side exit rung ladders can be selected and modified.

There are three options for the Side Cage Exit shape. These can be selected and modified using the Bar
Editor and Shape Editor options, in the same way as described previously.

There is also an option for None – this can be selected if no side exit option is required for the Rung Ladder
Assembly being created.

The Corner Segment Offset dimension is the distance the corner segment for side exit cages is offset from
the centre of the stile, as shown below:

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5.8.3.5 The Flare Sub-Page

Clicking the Next arrow button will display the Flare sub-page.
Here the required geometry of the bottom of the ladder cage can
be selected. This selection will determine the configuration of the
cage flare when creating a rung ladder using this assembly.

 When rung ladders are being created, the initial Layout

representation of the ladder flare is controlled by the
Default being used (the Flared Cages in layout mode
options). When Detail mode is selected, then the choice
of flare (None, Concentric, Eccentric) specified in the
assembly being used is then applied.

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5.8.4 The Rung Ladder Assembly Form – Details Page

When the Cage sub-pages are all complete, clicking the Next arrow
button will display the Details page.

This page allows a preview of each representation available for

rung ladders being created using this assembly.

 From the Exit Type options list, clicking the required option of Front Exit, Left Side Exit or Right Side
Exit will change the Preview panel to show the ladder with that exit type.

 Checking the Omit Cage checkbox will show the

representation of the rung ladder assembly without a cage.

When all pages have been completed for the

Assembly, the Summary panel at the bottom
of the form shows some basic information for
the Assembly. As well as the Stile GTYPE and
Justification, the dimensions which are used in
the Shape Editors (A, B and C) are shown.

Clicking the Build Assembly button will return

the user back to the SLH Administration
Tasks form.

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5.8.5 Creating a Rung Ladder Assembly – a Worked Example

From the SLH Administration Tasks form, ensure the Structure created previously (SLH Training
Assemblies STRU) is selected Click the Create link label adjacent to the Rung Ladder options list in the
Assemblies area of the form. The Create Rung Ladder Assembly form is displayed, at the General page.

Enter a Name of Train_Rung_Ladder_Assy_001

and a description of Train Rung Ladder Assy 001.

Enter the following parameters into the General

area of the form, as shown below:

Rung Thickness - 20mm

Exit Height – 1100mm

Exit Width – 600mm

Hand Gap – 200mm

Width – 400mm

Cage Width – 700mm

Cage Depth – 750mm

Bend/Thickness – 3

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Click the Select link label adjacent to the Rungs textbox to

display the Rungs form. Set the Rungs profile specification
to 22.0 Square Bar as shown, from the Solid Bar Profiles
standard. Ensure the P-line Justification is set to CTOP.

Repeat the process for the Cage Hoops and Cage Bars as shown (again found in Solid Bar Profiles
Standard,).

Cage Hoops – /SB-FB50.0x5 (LBOT/NA/NA)

Cage Bars – /SB-FB50.0x5 (LMID/NA/NA)

With the General page complete, click the Next arrow button to display the Stiles - Specification sub-page.

Click the Select link label adjacent to the Stiles textbox in

the Specification for Stiles area of the form. Again, from
the Misc Profiles standard, select Flat Bar 100.0x8x6.91,
and a P-Line Justification of LEFT.

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With the Stiles page complete, click the Next arrow button to display the Stiles - Front Exit sub-page.

In the Front Exit for Stiles area of the form,

select the option as shown. The Preview panel is
updated to incorporate the selected stile shape.

Now the shape of the stiles needs to be modified.

Select the Shape Editor link label to display the
Shape Editor options.

Modify the Z value for point 2 to be 500mm, and

click the Apply Changes button. The Preview
panel is updated to show the new position.

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Click the Back to Selection button to return to the Front Exit for Stiles area of the form. Click the Next arrow
button to display the Cage – Stile Connection sub-page.

From the options lists, set the A, B and C dimensions

as shown.

The B dimension needs to be changed to allow a

10mm gap from the back edge of the stile. In the / 2 -
textbox enter a value of 10mm. The preview panel is
updated to show the new arrangement with a B
dimension of 40mm (100 / 2 – 10mm)

Click the Next arrow button to display the Stiles – Tube Shape sub-page.

Select the tube shape option as shown, and

the Preview panel is updated.

No further editing of the bar position of the

hoop shape is required.

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Repeat the process for the next sub-pages for Front Exit Shape, Side Exit Shape and Flare, using the
selections as shown:

Once all the Cage sub-pages are complete, clicking the Next arrow button will display the Details page of the
form.

In the Details page, check the Preview panel for

the different Representation options, both with and
without the cage.

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Click the Build Assembly button. The Create Rung Ladder Assembly
form is closed, and the SLH Administration Tasks form is reopened.

The assembly can be seen in the hierarchy in the Model Explorer, and also appears in the SLH
Administration Tasks form. The assembly can be seen to consist of multiple options for cages and stiles as
explained previously

Save work.

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The new Rung Ladder Assembly can now be tested by creating a rung ladder in the model, using this
assembly.

Clear the 3D View, and add in Zone BUILDING_B01 and

ZONE BUILDING_B02.

As the Include New Assemblies Automatically checkbox was checked when creating Default
SLH_TRAIN_DEFAULT_001, then this new rung ladder assembly will be available when using that Default.

Navigate to STRU BUILDING_02_LEVEL_04,

which is where the Rung Ladder will be created.

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Using the Create Rung Ladder form, create a Rung Ladder as shown, between the roof of buildings B01 and
B02.

Change the Flared cage offset value to 150mm

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Exercise 4 – Create a Rung Ladder Assembly

In this exercise, a rung ladder assembly will be created to satisfy the following requirements:

 Name – Train_Rung_Ladder_Assy_002

 Description – Train Rung Ladder Assy 002

 Exit Height – 1100mm

 Exit Width – 650mm

 Hand Gap – 200mm

 Width – 400mm

 Cage Width – 700mm

 Cage Depth – 750mm

 Bend/Thickness - 3

 No Side Exit option required

 This new assembly will automatically be added

to the previously created default SLH Training
Default 001

Test the new ladder assembly, using the Default created previously, by
creating a Rung Ladder between BUILDING_B01 and SLAB
BASE_SLAB_2 (located in SITE-CIVIL-AREA02).

Save Work.

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5.9 Step Ladder Handrail Assemblies - The Create Step Ladder Handrail Assembly Form

Clicking the Create link label adjacent to the Rung Ladder options list in the Assemblies section of the SLH
Administration Tasks form will display the Create Step Ladder Handrail Assembly form.

The form is divided into two pages;

General, and Handrail. These pages are covered in

detail in the following sections. When a page is active,
an arrow is displayed adjacent to the text at the top of
the page.

When first using the Create form, each page must be

visited in order using the Next arrow button at the
bottom of the form. Pages which have not been visited
and completed with the required information have an
orange triangle shown adjacent to the text.

Once a page (or sub-page) has been visited and all

necessary information completed, the orange triangle is
replaced with a blue tick, and the text becomes a link
label, which allows the user to navigate between pages
as required.

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5.9.1 The Step Ladder Handrail Assembly Form – General Page

When opened, the Create Step Ladder Handrail

Assembly form defaults to the General page. The
Name and Description of the assembly are set here.
Other constraints, used in defining the assembly
geometry only are also set here.

The Step Ladder area of the form allows the user to

define how the Step Ladder in the assembly is
configured, allowing the handrail assembly to be
accurately visualised. However, as the Assembly is only
for the step ladder handrail, these settings do not have
any effect on step ladders modelled using this
Assembly.

The Handrail part of the form contains values which are

applied to the handrail geometry. Again, these values
are used purely to visualise the Assembly, and the
actual values used when modelling a Step Ladder are
defined in the Default being used.

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5.9.2 The Step Ladder Handrail Assembly Form – the Handrail Page

The Handrail page is available once the General page has been completed. It is divided into three sub-pages,
Specification, Bottom Shape and Top Shape.

The Specification sub-page allows the user to select

profiles for the Stringer. Handrail and Posts.

The Stringer specification is only to allow visualisation

of the step ladder in the Assembly. Using a realistic
sized stringer will help show if the handrail geometry is
suitable.

Similarly, Handrail and Posts specifications are only

used to visualise the handrail, the actual profiles used
when modelling a Step Ladder are taken from the
Default.

A Preview pane is displayed on the Handrail sub-

pages, showing how the Assembly will look.

Clicking the Select link labels adjacent to the text boxes will
display the relevant Select form. Here the required specification
and justification for the Stringer, Handrail and Posts profile can
be selected.

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Clicking Apply populatse the Stringer textbox with the

selected profile and the Preview pane in the form is
updated to show the stile position.

It is good practice to match the profile sizes and justification with that being used in the Default which uses
the assembly being created, to ensure the geometry is as expected in Model.

When the three profile specifications have been

selected, the Preview pane shows how the Step Ladder
will look with these profiles.

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When the stringer specification has been selected,

clicking the Next arrow button will display the Bottom
Shape sub-page.

This sub-page allows the Handrail bottom shape to be

chosen and, if required, edited. This determines how
the handrail will attach to the stringers at the bottom.

There are four general shapes available, each one has

access to the Shape Editor, similar to Rung Ladder
cage geometry. However, since the point positions for
three of the configurations (1, 2 and 4) are fixed by the
Step Ladder default values, only the Radius can be
altered. An actual value or expression could be
entered here, if the radius specified in the Default
differs from what is required in this position.

The Preview pane updates to show the selected

bottom shape configuration.

The Shape Editor options for the four bottom shapes

are as follows.

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When the Bottom Shape has been selected, clicking

the Next arrow button displays the Top Shape sub-
page.

This sub-page allows the Handrail Top shape to be

chosen and, if required, edited.

There are six general shapes available, and again

each one has access to the Shape Editor. However,
since the point positions for several of the positions
are fixed by the Step Ladder default values, only
selected positions can be altered. Again, actual
values or expressions could be entered for the radius
values if the radius specified in the Default differs
from what is required in this position.

The Preview pane updates to show the selected

bottom shape configuration.

The Shape Editor options for the six top shapes are
as follows.

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5.9.3 Creating a Step Ladder Handrail Assembly – a Worked Example

From the SLH Administration Tasks form, ensure the Structure created previously (SLH Training
Assemblies STRU) is selected Click the Create link label adjacent to the Step Ladder options list in the
Assemblies area of the form. The Create Step Ladder Handrail Assembly form is displayed, at the General
page.

Enter a Name of Train_Step_Ladder_HR_Assy_001

and a description of Train Step Ladder Assy 001.

Enter the following parameters into the General area

of the form, as shown below:

Step Ladder:

Climbing Height - 3000mm

Top Extension – 200mm

Tread Width – 500mm

Rise – 200mm

Pitch – 65

Tread Depth – 1100mm

Handrail:

Handrail Clear Width - 650mm

Handrail Start Height – 1000mm

Pitch Line Offset – 200m

Bend Radius - 60mm

Top Post Offset – 100mm

Post Spacing – 800mm

Post Extension – 60mm

Exit Height 1100mm

Exit Extension – 100mm

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Click the Next arrow button to progress to the Handrail

page. The Specifications sub-page is displayed.

Using the Select link labels in the Specifications area of the form, set the
profiles as follows:

Stringer – Solid Bar Profiles, SB_FB120x10 Justification LTOP

Handrail – British Standard Profiles, BS_CHS42.4x2.6, Justification NA

Posts – British Standard Profiles, BS_CHS33.7x2.6, Justification NA

 As described earlier, these specifications are only used to visualise

the assembly, and the actual profile specifications used are as
defined in the Default being used.

The Preview pane is updated to show the geometry of the

step ladder using these profile specifications.

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Click the Bottom Shape link label to progress to the Bottom

Shape sub-page.

Pick the third shape option as shown. The Preview pane

updates to reflect to chosen bottom shape.

The bottom shape of the handrail needs to be edited. Click

the Shape Editor link label to display the Shape Editor
pane.

By default, the position of point 2 is half the Pitch Line Offset

value, shown by the expression in the Shape Editor pane (H
/ 2.00), normal from the top edge of the stringer.

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This dimension will always be 100mm for step ladders using

this Assembly. Change the A expression to 75mm then click
the Apply Changes button.

The Preview changes to

show the edited shape.
In this case, since point
2 is fixed by the Pitch
Line Offset and
Handrail Start Height
values, when this
dimension is changed,
the point at where the
handrail meets the
stringers moves to suit.

Click the Back to Selection button to move back to the main

Bottom Shape sub-page.

Click the Next arrow button to progress to the Top Shape sub-
page. Pick the first top shape as shown. The shape does not
need to be edited.

Click the Build Assembly button. The Create Rung Ladder

Assembly form is closed, and the SLH Administration Tasks
form is reopened

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The assembly can be seen in the hierarchy in the Model Explorer, and appears in the SLH Administration
Tasks form.

Save Work.

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The new Step Ladder Handrail Assembly can now be tested by creating a Step Ladder in the model, using
this assembly.

Clear the 3D View, and add in ZONE BUILDING_B02.

As the Include New Assemblies Automatically checkbox was checked when creating Default
SLH_TRAIN_DEFAULT_001, this new step ladder handrail assembly will be available when using that
Default.

Navigate to STRU BUILDING_02_LEVEL_04,

which is where the Rung Ladder will be created.

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Using the Create Rung Ladder form, create a Detail Step Ladder as shown.

Change the Top Extension value to 300mm

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 CHAPTER 6

6 SLH Templates

In the previous chapters on Defaults and Assemblies, the SLH application makes use of Parts for components
such as handrail posts, handrail panels and ladder rungs. These parts are created as Catalogue Parts in the
Paragon module, and in turn can reference either catalogue Components, or Design Templates.

Templates can be created using various Template Builders for each specific element type, with the parameters
specified in the builders being used to position Design Points which are used to determine the geometry of
the template. These basic templates can have more detail added to them if required. This chapter will cover
the creation and use of these Templates.

6.1 Overview of SLH Templates

The hierarchy of SLH Templates is organised as shown. Templates own any required Panel (PANE) or
Section (GENSEC) elements, along with a Design Data Set (DDSE) and a Design Point Set (DPSE) which
contain Design Data and Design Points used in the template definition.

To allow a Template to be used when modelling SLH elements in the Model module, Catalogue Parts
(GPARTs) need to be created in Paragon, referencing the Template. These Paragon Catalogue Parts are
then referenced in the Assemblies and Defaults used to model SLH elements.

 In this chapter, specific examples of templates are used to demonstrate typical and common functionality
of the different template creation forms. For further detail on each template type refer to Appendix A of
this guide.

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As shown in the example below, an SLH Default and Assembly use GPART /AVEVA-SIDE-MOUNT-VARI-
2000-1-BAY.

This GPART, created in Paragon, then references the Template

/AVEVA_SIDE_MOUNT_VARI_2000_1_BAY (Tmpref Attribute).

The GPART for the panel has the Purpose Attribute

set to PANE. This identifies the GPART as a Panel
Part and is therefore available as an option in the
Assembly and Default creation forms.

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6.1.1 Template Rules and Expressions

When a Template is created using the Template Builder,

the panels and profiles are positioned at, and the
geometry defined by, Design Points which are positioned
according to the parameters defined in the Template.
When a Template is being created, these points are
visible in the 3D view.

The elements owned by the Template (GENSECs, PANES and the elements used to define these, plus the
Design Points which define the Template geometry) have rules applied which will define the position, and in
the case of PLOO elements, the Height.

Expressions which reference values specified when building an

SLH element allow the templates to be used when modelling SLH
elements with variable parameters, such as a variable length
handrail panel.

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The Templates created using the Template Builders are quite simplistic, however further additions and details
(e.g. bolting details, negative geometry, chamfers etc.) can be added to the Templates created using the
existing Design Templates application. Care must be taken to use existing rules to ensure any additional
elements are correctly positioned, especially when incorporated into templates with variable properties.

 Once an SLH Template has been modified by means other than using the template builders, then it
cannot then be opened and modified using the template builders. Care must therefore be taken to ensure
all necessary information and geometry defined by the template builders is correct and complete before
making any further enhancements or additions.

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6.2 SLH Administration Form – Templates

The Templates area of the SLH

Administration form allows a Template
World (TPWL) and Area (TMAR) to be
created. Multiple hierarchy elements can be
created for templates, depending upon the
project requirements, for example a
separate Template area may be used for
different Template types.

There are several options for the creation of Templates, for Treads, Posts, Handrail Gates, Terminations,
Handrail Panels and Ladder Gates. Each Create link label will display a Template Creation form, specific for
that element type, with the required Design Points displayed in the 3D View. The below example shows the
Design Points for a Handrail Post.

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The Template Creation forms typically consist of four pages, General,

Parameters, Profiles and Plates.

As with other forms in SLH Administration, an orange warning triangle is displayed adjacent to the link
labels when all mandatory information relating to that page is not correctly completed. Once this is complete,
the icon is replaced with a blue tick .

The current page is identified by an arrow icon adjacent to the page name.

6.2.1 SLH Template Creation - The General page

The General page allows the user to enter a Name and Description for the Template being created, plus a
checkbox to allow the naming of sub-elements, as covered previously.

Depending upon the template type being created, there can also options to tailor which Design Points are to
be used, and their position.

For example, Tread, Handrail Gate and

Termination templates do not have any options for
Design Points, and the General page for these
template types appear as shown.

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Handrail Panel, Post and Ladder Gate templates also allow the choice between creating Top Mounted or
Side Mounted templates. This is controlled via radio buttons, and the Design Points for the post mounting are
moved to suit.

For Handrail Panel templates, the number of Design Points displayed and used is also controllable,
depending upon the number of bays required. A Panel with one bay only requires two posts. However, a two
bay panel would require three posts. Checking the required radio button will include the required Design
Points.

As well as determining the number of bays, there is also the option to specify if the panel has wings at either
the Start, End or both. This is determined using the checkboxes, and again will add or remove Design Points
as required.

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6.2.2 SLH Template Creation - The Parameters Page

The remaining pages of the Template Creation forms refer to the Parameters which determine the position
of the Design Points, and the creation of the Profiles and Plates which are positioned and defined by these
points.

Typically, the Parameters page consists of Parameters (mandatory and Optional) which can be either Fixed
or Variable. Fixed Parameters on a template will have this value applied when modeling an SLH element
using this template. Variable parameters also have a Minimum and Maximum value added to the template.
These parameters can be used when modeling an SLH element in Model to any value within these Minimum
and Maximum values.

Optional parameters, such as Mounting Plate

Height and Width, have the option to be included or
not. For example, a panel which has no mounting
plate can have these options unchecked. The
associated Design Points used to define this plate
will not be included in the template.

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The following example shows Side Mounted Handrail Panel template parameters. All dimensions for profile
positions are taken from the Justification line of the profile used.

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6.2.3 SLH Template Creation - The Profiles Page

Any profiles required for the Template are created in the

Profiles page. This page consists of a list of all the
current profiles created for the Template. The
parameters for each profile are specified in the lower half
of the form, and include the Specification and Angle of
Rotation of the profile, as well as the Design Points used
to define the route of the profile.

Clicking the Select link label adjacent to the

Specification textbox will open the Profile form. Here
the required profile, and the profile justification, can be
selected. Clicking the Apply button will add the selected
profile to the Specification textbox.

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The Angle of Rotation value will rotate the selected profile by this angle about the Justification line. This may
be required for non-symmetrical profiles to achieve the correct profile orientation, for example angle bar
profiles used for posts.

Bend Radius is the radius applied to changes of direction of profiles. Entering a value in this textbox will add
‘Radius’ to the point description which will have the radius applied.

The Configuration options list allows a Description to be displayed in the list, helping to identify existing
profiles in the template. It is good practice to create profiles using the correct description. The points used are
not set automatically when specifying the Configuration.

The Point options lists allow the route of the profile to be defined. A profile can, in the case of Handrail Panels,
consist of a maximum of five points and a minimum of two. When creating a two-point profile, the third point
must be set to None, and in doing this the subsequent points will also automatically be set to None.

Once the profile has been defined, clicking the Add button will add the profile to the list.

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The Remove button will remove the profile selected in the list from the template

The Replace button will replace the profile selected in the list with a profile using the currently specified
parameters.

The Flip link label will change the direction of the profile. This is useful when trying to achieve the correct
orientation for non-symmetrical profile specifications.

 When creating a template, it should be noted that the profiles are only represented by graphical aids. To
see how the template actually looks the user will need to complete the pages and click the Build
Template button. This will show the actual geometry of the template, with profile specifications,
justifications and rotations applied.

6.2.4 SLH Template Creation - The Plates Page

The Plates pages of the Create Template forms

works in a similar way to the Profile page. Plates
are added, removed or replaced in a list and the
criteria for the plates is set in the options below the
list.

The Plate Thickness, Plate Type and Plate

Orientation need to be specified for each plate.

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 Plate Thickness – this is defined from values specified in the Parameters page. The options will
change depending upon the template being created, but Handrail Panel templates have two thickness
options, Extension and Mounting. These are the Extension Plate Thickness and Mounting Plate
Thickness from the Parameters page.

 Plate Type – This refers to the Design Point of the template which will be used to define the boundary
(PLOO) of the panel.

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 Plate Orientation – This option needs to reflect the orientation of the plate defined by the Design
Points. If the Plate Orientation does not match the panel boundary, then the panel will not be added
successfully. When the Plate Type is selected, the Plate Orientation will change to the correct setting,
and generally need not be modified.

The position of the points, and hence the orientation of the plate, will change in some templates
depending upon if Side or Bottom mounting options are selected.

Mounting Plate – Top Mounted Mounting Plate – Side Mounted

When the Plates are added to the list, a graphical aid is shown in the 3D view to indicate the position the plate
will be created. Only when the template is built will the actual plate thickness be shown.

When all pages of the Create Template form have been completed,
clicking the Build Template button will create the template, and
dismiss the form, returning to the SLH Administration Tasks form.

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6.2.5 Creating a Handrail Panel Template – a Worked Example

In this worked example, a bottom mounted Handrail Panel template will be created. The first step is to create
the hierarchy in which the template will be stored.

From the SLH Administration Tasks form, click the

Create link label adjacent to the World option in the
Templates area of the form, and the Create SLH
Template World form is displayed. Enter a Name of
SLH_Training_Templates, a description of SLH
Training Templates, and click the Create button. The
Template World is created and appears in the options
list for available Template Worlds.

Repeat the process to add a new Template Area, with

a name of SLH_Training_HR_Panel_Templates and a
description of SLH Training HR Panel Templates.

With the newly created Template Area current, click the Create link label adjacent to the Handrail Panels
options list, and the General page of the Create Handrail Panel form is displayed.

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The Handrail Panel Template is to be created to satisfy the following criteria:

The first stage is to complete the General page. Enter a

name of Training_Variable_HR_Panel_2000mm, and a
description of Training Variable HR Panel 2000mm.
Select the Top Mounted radio button, the One (Two
Posts) radio button for Number of Bays, and check both
the Wing at Start and Wing at End checkboxes.

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Click the Next arrow button to display the Parameters page.

Using the values from the diagram, complete the Parameters as shown. Note the only Variable option should
be the Panel Length.

As this is a Top Mounted panel, the Extension Length and Extension Plate Depth parameters are not used
and can remain set to 0. Also, there is no Bottom Vertical Offset required as the origin of the panel is at the
same height as the bottom of the mounting plate, so this also needs to be set to 0.

When creating templates which will own GENSEC

elements with bends, such as Wing Profiles, then
this can cause issues with alignment with other
profiles. In the example shown, the Post Height,
and therefore handrail position, was set to
1100mm. With the P-line Justification of the Wing
Profile set to AA (Top of the GENSEC when looking
at the Panel) then although the top of the rail is
1100mm, when the wing returns to the height of the
intermediate rail, the dimension is incorrect as in
this case it needs to line up with the intermediate
rail.

This scenario can be avoided, when using circular

profiles, by justifying all profiles to the central NA P-
Line, and adjusting the sizes to allow for the OD of
the profiles used. Although more work needs to be
performed at the Parameters stage to determine
the actual dimensions, this will make the
subsequent modelling and positioning of Profiles
simple since the P-Line justification need not be
changed from the NA P-Line.

Therefore, for this example, the following dimensions need to input into the Parameters:

 Panel Length = Overall Length – Wing OD = 2000mm – 48.3mm = 1951.7mm

(same for min and max values)

 Wing Length = Wing Length – (wing OD / 2) = 250mm - (48.3mm /2) = 225.85mm

 Post Height = Height – Handrail OD / 2) = 1100mm – (48.3mm /2) = 1075.85mm

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Complete the Mandatory Parameters page as

shown.

The Extension length and Extension Plate Depth

are greyed out as these parameters only apply to
side mounted panels.

The Post Spacing value adjusts automatically to

reflect the Panel Length minus the Wing
Lengths.

 The panel has a Horizontal Offset value of 100mm. This will allow panelled handrail using this panel
template to be offset 100mm from the route path, while leaving the X Offset value in the assembly using
this template set to Zero.

Alternatively, the Horizontal Offset could have been set to Zero in the template, and the offset from the
Route Path controlled by the X Offset value in the Assembly. The best solution needs to be considered
when creating Assemblies and templates, depending upon the style and routing methods of the handrails
being modelled.

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Click the Next link label to display the

Optional Parameters page. Complete the
parameters as shown.

The Extension Plate Thickness parameter

is greyed out as this only applies to side
mounted panels.

 The Rise parameter can be used to

visualise the panel template when it is
applied on a handrail which is located
on a sloping surface.

The design point positions are shown in the

3D View.

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Click the Next link label, and the Profiles page is

displayed.

The first profile to be added will be the Handrail.

Click the Specification link label to display the
Profile for panel templates form. From this form,
select the EU_CHS48.3X3.2 profile (European
Standard profiles, Circular hollow Sections). Select
NA P-Line justification. Apply then Cancel the
form.

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Since the top rail is going to be routed between two points only, the Bend Radius can be left as 0mm.

Set the Configuration to Handrail, the First Point to

Top Rail of First Post (1), and the Second Point
to Top Rail of Last Post (4). The Third point, and
hence all subsequent points, will be left set to
None.

Click the Add button to add the profile to the list.

The position of the Profile is displayed using a graphical aid in the 3D View, between the two design points
specified.

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Now create the two intermediate rails in the same way. Note these rails run from points 2 to 5, and points 3 to
6, and use the profile specification OD33.7x2.6

The two new Rail profiles should be visible in the

list as shown.

The next profile to be added is the first Wing Profile. Since these profiles are created as GENSEC elements,
care needs to be taken to ensure the correct P-Line justification is used. Since the Wing profiles have bends,
then the orientation is different to the rails previously created.

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Create the Wing, using profile specification OD48.3x3.2 again with a P-line Justification of NA, routed through
points 1, 7, 8, 9 and 3. Set the Bend Radius to 100mm. Note point 8 is used as the Third Point – although
there is no change of direction here, it is used to allow the radius to be applied at points 7 and 9 (Second and
Fourth points).

Repeat the process to create the other Wing Profile, using the same specification and P-Line justification, but
routed through points 4, 10, 11, 12 and 6.

The two wing profiles are now in the Profiles table.

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Complete the profiles for the template by adding the two post profiles, using profile specification EU-
CHS48.3x3.2 with a P-line Justification of NA, routed through points 1 to 20 and 4 to 30 respectively.

All the profiles required for the

template are now created.

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Click the Next link label and the Plates page is

displayed.

Since this panel is Bottom Mounted, only two

mounting plates are required.

From the options lists set the Plate Thickness

to Mounting, the Plate Type to First Mounting
(Points 24, 25, 27, 26). The Plate Orientation
should set to Horizontal.

Click the Add button to add the plate to the

Plates list. The plate is represented in the 3D
View with a graphical aid.

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Repeat the process to create the Last Mounting

Plate as shown.

The template has now been fully defined. Click

the Build Template button and the Template is
created.

The actual template geometry using the GENSEC and PANE elements is displayed in the 3D View, and the
template can be seen in the Model Explorer and the SLH Administration Tasks form.

Save Work.

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Exercise 5 – Create a Stair Tread Template

In this exercise, a simple tread template will be created, using the following dimensions and criteria.

 Create a new Template Area, name SLH_Training_Tread_Templates and description SLH

Training Tread Templates.

 Create a new Tread Template name Training_Var_Tread_Template_280_Deep and description

Training Var Tread Template 280 Deep.

 Create the Tread Template. All dimensions to be Fixed apart from the Tread Width, which is to be
Variable, with a Default width of 1000mm.

Save work.

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 CHAPTER 7

7 SLH Paragon Tasks

In the previous chapters covering SLH Defaults, and Assemblies, it has been seen that existing parts, for
example Handrail Panels and Stair Treads, are referenced and used when modelling SLH elements. These
Parts (GPARTs) are created in the Paragon application and reference either existing Template elements, or
Components which are also created in Paragon. This chapter will cover the creation of these Components
and Parts.

7.1 Logging in to Paragon

Select Start > All Programs > AVEVA > Manage > AVEVA Catalogue 2.1.0 from the Start menu to display
the Login form.

Login to AVEVA Catalogue using the details below:

Project: Training (TRA)

User: A.SLHADMINMAN

Password: A

MDB: A-STRUCTURAL

After entering the login details click the

Paragon tile.

 The details above are indicative of typical entry to AVEVA E3D projects. Alternative login details may be
supplied by the Trainer.

From the Discipline options list, select Structures to display the required groups.

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7.2 The SLH Paragon Tasks Form

On the Catalogue tab, in the Tools group, clicking the SLH

Tasks button will display the SLH Paragon Tasks form. All
Paragon SLH tasks for the creation of the Catalogue hierarchy,
Catalogue components and Parts can be accessed via this
form.

7.3 SLH Components - Catalogue Hierarchy and Creation

The hierarchy for SLH Components requires Catalogue Components (SFIT) elements to be owned by
administrative elements as shown below.

 The STCA element owns Data Set (DTSE), Geometry Set (GMSE), Point Set (PTSE), Negative
Geometry Set (NGMS) and TEXT elements, as well as owning the SFIT elements. For further information
on these elements refer to TM-1841 AVEVA Everything3D™ Structural Catalogues and Specifications
training guide.

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7.4 Creating the Hierarchy for Catalogue Components – a Worked Example

From the SLH Paragon Tasks form, click the Create link label adjacent to the Catalogue options list, and the
Create SLH Catalogue form is displayed. Enter a name of SLH_Training_CATA, and a description of SLH
Training CATA, and then click the Create button.

The new CATA element is displayed in the SLH Paragon Tasks form. Click the Create link label adjacent to
the Section options list, and the Create SLH Section form is displayed. Enter a name of
SLH_Training_STSE, and a description of SLH Training STSE, and then click the Create button.

The created elements appear in the SLH Paragon Tasks form in the relevant options list, and in the
Catalogue Explorer.

Save work.

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7.4.1 Creating Catalogue Components

When the hierarchy has been created, the Create link labels adjacent to the various Component type options
lists are displayed. Clicking this link label will display the relevant Category Create form.

The content of these forms varies between the element type in question, but basically they allow the user to
enter a name and description, and also enter dimensions and the option of whether these dimensions are
Fixed or Variable. These settings and options are used to pre-populate Parameters and Data Set expressions
in the Category created for the component.

For example, the Create SLH Tread Category form allows the user to set the Tread Width and Tread Length
dimensions.

Radio buttons allow the two parameters to be set to Fixed or Variable. When set to Fixed, the Parameters in
the Model View form (displayed when clicking the Apply button) are set as these values.

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The Data Set of the Category created is also pre-populated; these Data Elements are used to define the
geometry of the Component. When the dimensions are Fixed, then these Data Elements are simply defined
as the relevant Parameter for the category.

When the Variable option for a dimension is selected, the Parameters for the Category are again created
using the values entered; however, this time the description changes to indicate these are Default values.

This time, the Data Set of the Category created is pre-populated but the Data Elements are defined as
Expressions, and refer to the Parameters as the Default value only.

The Expression refers to attributes or pseudo-attributes of the element being modelled using this Component
to determine this dimension from the owning element.

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In the case of Stair Flight Treads, the TWIDTH expression refers to the TWidth attribute of the TREAD
element.

 It is anticipated that in a vast majority of cases, Components will be created for SLH items which will
either be bought in or manufactured to set dimensions. Creating these Components with Variable
parameters could result in them being used with incorrect dimensions. Therefore, care must be taken to
ensure Fixed parameters are used when appropriate.

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7.4.2 Creating a Handrail Post Component – a Worked Example

In this worked example, a simple Handrail Post component will be created as shown.

 For detailed information on the creation of catalogue components, and details on geometry, P-Points etc.
refer to TM-1841 AVEVA Everything3D™ Structural Catalogues and Specifications training guide

From the SLH Paragon Tasks form, click the Create link label adjacent to the Posts options list in the
Categories area, and the Create SLH Post Category form is displayed.

Enter a Name of SLH_Train_FB_Post, and a Description of SLH Training FB Post.

Enter a Post Length of 1100mm. As the origin of the Post is to be at the centre of the base plate, then the
Vertical and Horizontal offsets can be left as zero. Ensure the Fixed radio buttons are checked for all options.

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Click the Create button, and the Model View form is displayed. Note that the Parameter Definitions are
completed as specified.

The new Post category is displayed in the Posts

options list.

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From the Model References area, click the Component option to change the context of the lower part of the
form.

Enter a Name of SLH_Train_60x12_HR_Post, and a Description of SLH Train 60x12 FB HR Post, and then
click the Apply button.

Enter a Name of SLH_Train_60x12_HR_Post, and a

Description of SLH Train 60x12 FB HR Post, and
then click the Apply button.

The Component field in Model References is updated to display the name, as is the SFIT
element in the Catalogue Explorer.

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The next step is to create some P-Points, which will be used to position the negative extrusions which
represent the holes in the rail.

From the Model References area, select the Point Set option, and the context of the lower part of the form
changes.

From the New options list, select Cartesian P-Point. Set the Point Number as 1, leave the Direction set to Y,
and enter 1075.85mm in the Z Co-ordinate (PZ) textbox.

Click Apply and the point is added to the Point Set References list.

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Use the Copy function to create another P-Point. Edit the P-Point number to 2, the Z Co-ordinate (PZ) value
to 525.85mm and click Apply. The second point is created.

Check the P-Points checkbox at the top of the Model View form, and
the P-Points will be visible in the 3D View in the form.

The next step is to create the positive and negative geometry for the post.

From the Model References area, select the +ve Geometry option, and the context of the lower part of the
form changes.

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From the Positive geometry options list, select SBOX.

In the bottom part of the form, enter an X Length of

60mm, a Y Length of 12mm, for the Z Length
enter the expression ( RPRO LENG ) and for Z Co-
ordinate (PZ) enter the expression ( RPRO LENG
/ 2 + 10 mm ). Click the Apply button and the SBOX
element is created, and displayed in the 3D View
on the form.

Create another SBOX element to represent the baseplate of the post, using the following parameters:

 X Length – 120mm

 Y Length – 50mm

 Z Length – 10mm

 Z co-ordinate (PZ) – 5mm

Leave all other parameters set to zero. The SBOX

element is created as shown.

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The final task is to create the negative geometry in the post to represent the rail holes.

In the Geometry References, select the SBOX element used to create the post. In the Negative options list,
select the NSCY option. The first negative element is to be positions with the origin at P-Point P1. Enter an
AXIS of P1, a PDIS of -6mm, a PHEI of 12mm and a PDIA of 50mm, and click the Apply button.

The negative cylinder is created as shown.

A second negative cylinder is required, positioned at P-Point P2. This can be created using the Copy option.

Select the NSCY element from the Geometry References list, and click the Copy button. Change the PAXI
to P2, the PDIA to 35mm and click the Apply button. The second negative cylinder is created.

All the required geometry for the post has now been created.

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The post component is now complete, and the hierarchy in the Catalogue Explorer is as shown.

Save work.

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7.5 SLH Paragon Tasks – Parts

Part (GPART) elements are used in the SLH application for referencing existing SLH Templates and SLH
Component (SFIT) elements. These Part elements are selected and used in the Defaults and Assemblies
covered earlier in this guide. As shown below, the various Select Component lists show the available GPART
elements applicable to that form.

The GPART elements are filtered using the Purpose Attribute, for example GPARTs for Treads will have a
Purpose set to TREAD, Handrail Panel GPARTS have a Purpose set to PANE etc.

The GPART elements act as pointers to the required Template or SFIT element.

For example, the Tread Specification form,

which selects Treads for use with Stair Flight
Defaults, lists the available Components. Each
component listed is a GPART, which in turn points
to either an SFIT element via the Catref attribute,
or a Template element via the Tmpref attribute.

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7.5.1 Creating Parts via the SLH Paragon Tasks Form

The SLH Paragon Tasks form provides a mechanism to create the GPART elements and their hierarchy, and
select the available Template or SFIT element the GPART is to reference.

GPART elements are owned by a Part Element (PRTELE) element, which is in turn
owned by a Part World (PRTWLD). These hierarchical elements are created in the
same way as previous SLH elements.

Various options are available for Creating and Modifying Parts for different element types. Clicking the Create
link label adjacent to the relevant element options list will display the Create Part form. This form allows the
correct component (SFIT) or Template element to be referenced by the Part being created, by selecting it from
the list of relevant options.

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The Modify link labels can be used to modify existing Parts. The Modify Part form appearance and function
is the same as the equivalent Create form, apart from the Create button being replaced by an Apply button,
which will apply any modifications carried out in the form.

Clicking the Task List button will disregard any changes and return the user to the SLH Paragon Tasks form.

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7.5.2 Creating the SLH Parts Hierarchy – a Worked Example

Ensure the Catalog World is the Current Element in the Catalogue Explorer. From the Parts area of the SLH
Paragon Tasks form, click the Create link label adjacent to the World options list, and the Create SLH Part
World form is displayed. Enter a Name of SLH_Training_Partworld, a Description of SLH Training
Partworld, and click the Create button.

The PRTWLD element is created and displayed in the Catalogue Explorer and the SLH Paragon Tasks
form, in the World options list.

Repeat the process to create the Area, with a name of SLH_Training_Partarea, and a description of SLH
Training Partarea.

 The Modify link labels will open these forms in Modify mode, and allows the Name and Description to be
changed.

Save work.

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7.5.3 Creating a Post Part – a Worked Example

In this Worked Example, a Part will be created for the Post

component /SLH_Train_60x12_HR_Post created earlier
in this chapter.

From the Parts area of the SLH Paragon Tasks form, ensure the Area SLH Training Partarea is selected in
the Area options list. Click the Create link label adjacent to the Posts options list, and the Create Part form
is displayed.

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Enter a name of SLH-Train-60x12-HR-Post, and

a description of SLH Train 60x12 Post Part.

Select the post component

SLH_Train_60x12_HR_Post in the Select
Component list, and click the Create button.

The Part (GPART) is created, and is displayed in

the Posts options list in the SLH Paragon Tasks
form.

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The GPART is created below the PRTELE (Area) element in the Catalogue Explorer. Display the Attributes
of the GPART and note the Catref attribute points to the SFIT element SLH_Train_60x12_HR_Post.

Save work.

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Exercise 6 - Creating a Handrail Panel Part

In this Exercise, a Part will be created to reference the Handrail Panel Template created previously in Chapter
6.

Use a Name of Training-Variable-HR-Panel-2000mm, and a Description of SLH Train 2000mm Template

Part.

Note the Purpose Attribute of the created GPART will be set to PANE.

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 APPENDIX A

Appendix A - SLH Template Details

In Chapter 6, the SLH Template Builder is demonstrated using the Handrail Panel as an example. This
Appendix will provide further guidance for the remaining Template Builders provided for different SLH
elements, including the Parameters and Design Point locations.

A.1 – Tread Templates

The Tread Template Builder has the following Parameters. Tread Width is the overall width, including any End
Plates.

The Tread Bend Radius, End Chamfer, End Offset from Front and End Offset from Back parameters
have no bearing on the geometry of the Template created using the builder. However, these Parameters could
be entered in these fields if they are deemed to be useful if the Template is to be modified further using the
Design Templates application. The values are stored as DDAT elements in the created Templates Data Set.

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A.2 – Post Templates

The Post Template Builder has the following Parameters.

The parameters differ depending upon whether the Post is Top or Side mounted, as shown in the below
sketches.

The Upper Intermediate Rail Height and Lower Intermediate Rail Height parameters position two design
points at intermediate rail height, and have no bearing on the template geometry produced using the template
builder, but could be used when enhancing the template afterwards if required.

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A.3 – Handrail Gate Templates

The Handrail Gate Template Builder has the following

Parameters.

The Lock Clearance and Hinge Clearance values inset

the gate profiles and plates, however the overall Width of
the gate still applies, and controls the gap applied when
using this gate in modelled handrail.

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A.4 – Termination Templates

Termination Templates can be created to represent various

methods of terminating a handrail, for example end pads, top rail
return types, or a termination post. Various parameters can be set
to assist the positioning of the required plates and profiles as shown
in the below examples. As with other Template Builders, Design
Points which are not required can be omitted by unchecking the
Included checkboxes.

 Since terminations generally line up with the Rails of the

handrail, and this dimension is considered when adding a
termination using the Modify Handrail Components form,
leaving the Horizontal Offset at zero and relying on the
handrail X-Offset value will often be the best solution.

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A.5 – Ladder Gate Templates

The Ladder Gate Template Builder has the following Parameters.

The Lock Clearance and Hinge Clearance values inset the gate profiles and plates, however the overall
Width of the gate still applies, and controls the gap applied when using this gate in modelled rung ladders.

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 APPENDIX B

Appendix B – Paragon Component Details

In Chapter 7, the creation of SLH components in Paragon is demonstrated using a Handrail Post as an
example. This Appendix provides further guidance for the remaining SLH elements, regarding the orientations
and origins, and how these translate into the positioning of these components when modelling SLH elements.

B.1 - Tread Components

When a tread part is used when creating a

Stair Flight or Step Ladder, the tread is
positioned with the origin at the nosing line as
shown.

The orientation and position required for the tread component origin are shown in the example below:

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B.2 - Handrail Post Components

When modelling a
Continuous Handrail, the
posts are positioned with
the origin on the Route
Path of the handrail.

The origin and orientation of the Post component

must be created accordingly.

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B.3 - Handrail Gates

When adding a gate to a

Handrail, the origin of the
gate is positioned on the
handrail route path, at the
midpoint of the opening in
the handrail. The X Offset
therefore needs to be
considered in the design of
the component to ensure it
aligns with the rails and
posts as required.

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B.4 - Handrail Terminations

When adding a Handrail Termination to a handrail, it is

positioned at the start or end of the Handrail.

Since handrail terminations generally align with the rails,

it is usually good practice to align the geometry of the
termination with the origin, and allow the X-Offset
dimension used when adding the termination to determine
the correct position.

The origin of the termination component must be created

accordingly, although it is less important to consider the
orientation as this can be set when the termination is added
to the handrail being modelled, using the Justify option in
Modify Handrail Component form.

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B.5 - Handrail Panels

The origin of a Handrail Panel is

positioned on the handrail route
path, and needs to be positioned at
the start of the panel, in relation to
the route path direction of the
handrail the panel belongs to.

 If a horizontal offset is to be
included when creating a
handrail panel component,
consideration must be given to
the direction the route path of
the owning handrail being
created, as this could give
incorrect results, especially if
the panel is not symmetrical,
for example side mounted
panels.

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B.6 - Ladder Rungs

Rungs are positioned on a rung ladder with the origin

positioned at the midpoint between the stiles, at the height
determined by rung spacings etc. The origin of the Rung
component therefore needs to reflect this.

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B.7 - Rung Ladder Gates

When a Rung Ladder Gate is added as part of

Rung Ladder creation, the gate is positioned
with the origin aligning with the centre of the
ladder rungs and the end of the cage Exit
Hoops (determined by the Exit Hoop Extension
in the default being used) as shown.

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