ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
EE-42010: FAULT AND SYSTEM PROTECTION
Session 2024-25
ASSIGNMENT
Q.1. A three-phase transmission line operating at 33 kV and having a resistance and reactance of
5 ohms and 20 ohms respectively, is connected to the generating station bus bar through a 5, 000
kVA step-up transformer which has a reactance of set-up transformer which has a reactance of 6 %
connected to the bus bar are two alternators, one 10, 000 kVA having 10% reactance and another
5,000 kVA having 7.5 % reactance. Calculate the kVA at a short circuit fault between phases
occurring a) at the high voltage terminals of the transformer, b) at load end of transmission line.
Q.2. The three-phase power and line-line ratings of the electric power system as shown in Fig. 1,
are given below.
Vg T1 1 Vm
2 T2
Line
G M
Fig. 1 One-line diagram of three-phase power
G1: 65 MVA, 22 kV, X =9.5%
T1: 50 MVA, 20/200 kV, X =10%
T2: 50 MVA, 200/20 kV, X =10%
M: 42.2 MVA, 20kV, X =9%
Line: 200 kV, Z=122+j200 ohm
1) Draw and analyze an impedance diagram showing all impedances in per unit on a 100
MVA base. Choose 20 kV as the voltage base for generator.
2) The motor is driving 43 MVA, 0.80 power factor legging at a line-to-line terminal voltage
of 19 kV. Determine the terminal voltage and the internal emf of the generator in per unit
and in kV.
Q. 3. The one-line diagram of a simple power system is shown in Fig. 2. Each generator is
presented by an EMF behind the transient reactance. All impedances are expressed in per unit on
a common MVA base. All resistances and shunt capacitances are neglected. The generators are
operating on no load at their rated voltage with their EMFs in phase. A three-phase fault occurs at
bus 1 through a fault impedance of Z= j0.09 per unit.
a. Using Thevenin’s theorem obtain the impedance to the point of fault and the fault current
per unit.
b. Determine the bus voltages and line currents during fault.
3 1 2
Xt=0.1
XL=0.2
X``=0.1 Fig. 2 One-line diagram of three-phase power X``=0.1
Q. 4. The one-line diagram of a simple four bus power system is shown in Fig. 3. Each generator
is presented by an EMF behind the transient reactance. All impedances are expressed in per unit
on a common MVA base. All resistances and shunt capacitances are neglected. The generators are
operating on no load at their rated voltage with their EMFs in phase. A bolted three-phase fault
occurs at bus- 4. Using classical and Z-bus algorithm.
1. Obtain the impedance to the point of fault and the fault current per unit.
2. Determine the bus voltages and line currents during fault.
3. Repeat a) and b) for a fault at bus 2 with a fault impedance of Z= 0.025.
j0.22 j0.16
j0.21 j0.22
j0.52
1 2
j0.23
j0.31
j0.19
4
Fig. 3 One line diagram for a simple four bus power system
Q. 5. Derive average 3-phase power in terms of symmetrical components.
