MECHANICAL COMPUTERS
1600s-1800s
PASCALINE:
The Pascaline ,created by the French
mathematician-philosopher Blaise Pascal in the
17th century, was the first mass-produced
calculator. It was designed to perform basic
arithmetic operations, specifically addition and
subtraction, using a system of gears and dials. The
Pascaline was a pioneering mechanical calculator,
representing a crucial milestone in the
development of computing technology.
DIFFERENCE AND ANALYTICAL
ENGINE:
These are two early mechanical computing devices
designed by Charles Babbage. Difference engine’s
(1822) main objective was to calculate and print
mathematical tables, especially for polynomial
functions while Analytical engine (1837) could
carry out arithmetic operations, be programmed
using punched cards, store data and interim
results.
PASCALINE
ANALYTICAL ENGINE DIFFERENCE ENGINE
ELECTRONIC COMPUTERS
1900s-1940s
VACUUM TUBE:
It was invented by Lee De Forest in 1906 as the first
electronic component used in computers. It was created
to improve existing electronic components and to enable
the amplification of electrical signals. Vacuum tube were
first used in Electronic Numerical Integrator And
Computer (ENIAC).
ENIAC:
The first programmable general-purpose electronic digital
computer, built during World War II by the United States
to compute the values of artillery range tables. The ENIAC
allowed scientists to perform complex calculations faster
and more accurately.
UNIVAC:
It stands for Universal Automatic Computer, it was one
of the earliest commercial electronic digital computers,
developed by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly in
1951. UNIVAC's main purpose was to revolutionize data
processing in business and government applications. It
was also considered as a significant improvement for
ENIAC’S vacuum tube.
Vaccum
tube
ENIAC
UNIVAC
MAIN FRAMING COMPUTER
1950s-1960s
IBM SYSTEM/360:
It is a family of mainframe computer system
designed in 1964. It offered impressive processing
power, memory
capacity and versatility. The system’s success led to
the start of new generation of computers, paving
ways for future advancements in computing
technology.
COBOL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE:
It is a user-friendly language used for business
applications. It uses English words and phrases to
make it easier for ordinary business users to
understand. In development of early business and
administrative systems it depicted a remarkable role.
IBS
SYSTEM 360
COBOL programming language
