11/5/24, 10:13 PM Charge an Electric Vehicle - MATLAB & Simulink - MathWorks India
Charge an Electric Vehicle
You can use the electric vehicle (EV) charging reference application to model charging of an EV battery, using either
an NACS coupler (as introduced by Tesla®) or an SAE J1772/CCS coupler. The battery charging process includes
digital communications between the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) unit. The
application provides four charging options, each utilizing a different combination of coupler and basic charging and
high-level communication protocols, and incorporates a Datasheet Battery block without thermal management.
Use the EV charging reference application for control and diagnostic algorithm design and to test digital
communication protocols. To create and open a working copy of the reference application project, use this
command.
autoblkEvChargingStart
By default, the app opens an EvChargingNACS model. This model simulates the NACS (North American Charging
Standard), in the DC charging use case. To execute another option, click the desired project under the Project
Shortcuts tab on the MATLAB® pane.
High-Level Communication
Project Shortcut Basic Charging Protocol Coupler
Protocol
EvChargingNACS IEC 61851 DIN SPEC 70121 NACS
EvChargingAC SAE J1772 n/a SAE J1772/CCS
EvChargingCCS IEC 61851 ISO 15118 SAE J1772/CCS
EvChargingDC SAE J1772 DIN SPEC 70121 SAE J1772/CCS
This table shows the NACS coupler (connector side) used in the first option, and describes the pins used for
communication and charging.
https://in.mathworks.com/help/releases/R2024b/autoblks/ug/charge-an-electric-vehicle.html 1/6
11/5/24, 10:13 PM Charge an Electric Vehicle - MATLAB & Simulink - MathWorks India
NACS Coupler
Pin Label Name Description
HV+ Power Terminal (+) Positive power connection
HV- Power Terminal (-) Negative power connection
PE Ground (Protective Earth) Common ground
CP Control Pilot Detects contact between connector and
plug and carries the two way
communication on a 1 kHz PWM signal
PP Proximity Pilot Detects proximity of connector to plug,
even if not fully inserted, enabling warning
of damage to connection hardware if
vehicle or EVSE moves
The other three options use the SAE J1772/CCS Combo Coupler, which is the combined charging system (CCS)
version of the SAE J1772 coupler. This table shows the coupler (connector side) and describes the pins used for
communication and charging.
J1772/CCS Combo Coupler
Pin Label Name Description
L1 Line (AC1) Single-phase AC power
N Neutral (AC2) Neutral single-phase AC power
PE Ground (Protective Earth) Common ground
CP Control Pilot Detects contact between connector and
plug and carries the two way
communication on a 1 kHz PWM signal
CS Proximity Detects proximity of connector to plug,
Detection/Proximity even if not fully inserted, enabling warning
Contact/Connection Signal of damage to connection hardware if
vehicle or EVSE moves
DC+ DC Power Terminal (+) Positive DC power connection
DC- DC Power Terminal (-) Negative DC power connection
To start charging, click Run. You can choose one of two views of the process. This first view shows the digital
communications between the EV and the EVSE.
https://in.mathworks.com/help/releases/R2024b/autoblks/ug/charge-an-electric-vehicle.html 2/6
11/5/24, 10:13 PM Charge an Electric Vehicle - MATLAB & Simulink - MathWorks India
The app defaults to the second view, called the dashboard. This view uses less animation than the first, so the app
runs faster with the dashboard displayed. The dashboard shows the states of the charging coupler, the readiness of
the EV and EVSE to charge, and the authentication and authorization to charge. Numerical displays show the rate and
progress of the charge.
As you develop your model, you can replace the manual switches with timed or triggered ones and verify their
actions.
Here is a table of Charging_State values and their descriptions, for the IEC 61851 basic charging protocol.
System states detected by EV supply equipment (EVSE) per IEC 61851-1:2017
State Designation EV Status EVSE Status
A1 Vehicle not connected EVSE not ready
A2 Vehicle not connected EVSE ready
B1 Vehicle connected & not ready to accept energy EVSE not ready to supply energy
B2 Vehicle connected & not ready to accept energy EVSE ready to supply energy
C1 Vehicle connected & ready to accept energy/EV EVSE not ready to supply energy
does not require charging area ventilation
C2 Vehicle connected & ready to accept energy/EV EVSE ready to supply energy
does not require charging area ventilation
D1 Vehicle connected & ready to accept energy/EV EVSE not ready to supply energy
requires charging area ventilation
D2 Vehicle connected & ready to accept energy/EV EVSE ready to supply energy
requires charging area ventilation
E EVSE disconnected from vehicle / EVSE disconnected from utility, EVSE loss of utility power or control
pilot short to control pilot reference
F Other EVSE problem
Here is a table of Charging_State values and their descriptions, for the SAE J1772 basic charging protocol.
System states detected by EV supply equipment (EVSE) per SAE J1772:2017
State Designation Description
A Vehicle not connected
B1 Vehicle connected / not ready to accept energy
EVSE not ready to supply energy
https://in.mathworks.com/help/releases/R2024b/autoblks/ug/charge-an-electric-vehicle.html 3/6
11/5/24, 10:13 PM Charge an Electric Vehicle - MATLAB & Simulink - MathWorks India
State Designation Description
B2 Vehicle connected / not ready to accept energy
EVSE capable to supply energy
C Vehicle connected / ready to accept energy / indoor area charging ventilation not required
EVSE capable to supply energy
D Vehicle connected / ready to accept energy / indoor area charging ventilation required
EVSE capable to supply energy
E EVSE disconnected from vehicle / EVSE disconnected from utility, EVSE loss of utility
power or control pilot short to control pilot reference
F Other EVSE problem
Notes:
States D, D1 and D2 for basic charging are not implemented in the reference application.
High level communication (HLC) evaluates application layer messages, logic, and timing management for electric
vehicle charging communication protocols. Physical layers and other OSI layers mentioned in the protocols are
not implemented in the reference application.
Once charging is complete, you can display the results in the Simulation Data Inspector versus time. You can select
results for battery current, battery state of charge, charging status, and others.
You can also use the Sequence Viewer to see the communications between the EV and the EVSE.
https://in.mathworks.com/help/releases/R2024b/autoblks/ug/charge-an-electric-vehicle.html 4/6
11/5/24, 10:13 PM Charge an Electric Vehicle - MATLAB & Simulink - MathWorks India
See Also
Datasheet Battery | Mapped Motor
Related Topics
Simulation Data Inspector
Use the Sequence Viewer to Visualize Messages, Events, and Entities (Stateflow)
https://in.mathworks.com/help/releases/R2024b/autoblks/ug/charge-an-electric-vehicle.html 5/6
11/5/24, 10:13 PM Charge an Electric Vehicle - MATLAB & Simulink - MathWorks India
External Websites
SAE Standards
IEC Standards
ISO Standards
https://in.mathworks.com/help/releases/R2024b/autoblks/ug/charge-an-electric-vehicle.html 6/6
