TAXON 50-FEBRUARY 2001 285

Rupert C. Barneby (1911-2000)

Stanley L. Welsh I

Rupert Charles Barneby. Curator Emeritus in The New York Botanical Garden's
Institute of Systematic Botany, died on 5 Dec 2000. Dr. Bameby was one of the
Garden's most distinguished scientists. and certainly one of the most outstanding
plant taxonomists of the 20th century. Dr. Barneby was born on 6 Oct 1911 in
Monmouthshire, England, and came to the
United States initially in 1937. where he
established permanent residence beyond 1941.
Dr. Barneby, Rupert to his many friends,
attended public school at Harrow from 1924 to
1929, and at Cambridge University (Trinity
College) from 1930 to 1932. where he
received a B.A. in history and modem
languages. He was awarded an honorary
Doctorate of Science from The City University
of New York in 1978. Dr. Barneby became
intensely interested in botany in spite of lack
of formal training, and became a world expert
in both the Leguminosae and Menisperma-
ceae. His amazing ability to grasp huge
amounts of information, his instantaneous
recall of that information. his artistic abilities,
Fig. I. Rupert C. Bameby.
and his classical training prepared him well as
a student of botany.
He died in a Jewish Nursing Home in the Bronx, New York, a place noted by him
in correspondence as "Jerusalem on the Hudson". His health had declined since
suffering a minor stroke in September 2000, which prevented him from continuing
his work of almost five decades at the Garden.
To say that his professional life was impressive is to say the least. He spent most
th
of his 89 years, more than six decades of the 20 century. devoted to the study of
taxa, mainly from the Western Hemisphere. but with some attention to Old World
plants. Despite his devotion to dried pressed plants in various herbaria, Dr. Barneby
collected widely in the western United States and Mexico from 1938 to 1970, and
sporadically beyond 1970. His collections are easily identified by the distinctive
labels, Plantae Occidentales Selectae. He knew many of the species first-hand, and
had an amazing ability to ferret out undescribed, local endemic taxa from peculiar
habitats in the American West. Trips to the West. often accompanied by Patricia and
Noel Holmgren. continued for many years beyond the 1970s. He also spent field
time in Europe and North Africa prior to his permanent residence in the United
States.

IS. L. Welsh Herbarium. Brigham Young University, Provo. Utah 84602, U.S.A. E-mail: slslwelsh@
aol.com. .
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286 TAXON 50-FEBRUARY 2001

Rupert arrived at the New York Botanical Garden as a visiting Scholar in the
1950s and stayed on to become a curator of Western botany, research associate, and
an editorial consultant for Brittonia. He received many awards for his contributions,
perhaps the most prestigious of which was the Millennium Botany Award presented
by the International Botanical Congress in 1999 for a lifetime of contribution to
Science. Other recognitions included the Henry Allan Gleason Award in 1980, the
Asa Gray Award by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists in 1989, the Rupert
C. Bameby Fund for Research in Legume Systematics (awarded by the Garden in
1991), and in 1992 the Engler Silver Medal from the IAPT, for his monographic
work Sensitivae Censitae: A Revision of the Genus Mimosa Linnaeus (Mimosaceae)
in the New World. Three genera, Barnebya, Barnebyella, and Barnebydendron were
named after him, along with some 25 species.
Dr. Barneby was a student of Oxytropis, Astragalus, Dalea, Psorothamnus,
Mimosa, Cassia, Senna, and other legume genera as well as an expert in the New
World Menispermaceae. He named plants in widely disparate genera in some 16
families, some 750+ specific and infraspecific taxa, plus numerous other subfamilial
or infrageneric taxa. His first publication in 1941 involved description of a new
species of Cymopterus (Umbelliferae) from Nevada, and his first dealing with
legumes in 1942 began a series of 20 papers appearing under the title Pugillus
Astragalorum. Those publications appeared over a period of more than two decades
and led to his exhaustive and superb Atlas of North American Astragalus, published
in 1964, which is certainly a landmark in understanding of American plants, and is
perhaps the singly most magnificent American plant taxonomic publication of the
century. He untied the Gordian Knot of more than a century of dabbling by others,
none of whom had his abilities at understanding species concepts and of the niceties
of nomenclature. As other taxa were discovered, still another series entitled Dragma
Hippomanicum encompassed them.
Dr. Barneby's interest in the genus Astragalus evidently developed on a trip to
Spain in the late 1930s with his companion Dwight Ripley. There they encountered
several members of the genus. The plants were in both flower and fruit, and their
beauty and diversity amazed the young man. Upon his return to London he visited
Kew and looked into the Kew Index for names involved in this huge genus. Not only
were there several pages of names of Astragalus in the original volumes of the
Index, but there were several supplements as well, all with additional names. A
name in the first supplement (1886-1895) that attracted his attention was,
Astragalus asclepiadoides M. E. Jones. "Can there be an Astragalus that resembles a
milkweed?" he wondered. He would see the species up close and personally in the
early 1940s. In a !ettter to the author at BRY dated 27 Jan 1961, Rupert wrote, " ... .1
was carried away with the idea of your 'first' glimpse of the intermountain spring. I
was reliving my own first experience of driving down the Duchesne River-in 1942
I think it was-into the Uinta Basin and the overwhelming thrill of finding many
things that I knew only from Jones' Contributions or other literary sources. Since
then I have been back repeatedly, and Utah has never lost its glamour or power of
producing the unexpected. I was preconditioned to like the high interior deserts, as I
had my baptism as a collector in Spain (I was born and educated in England), which
is in many ways so like the great Basin (as Tidestrom says in Fl. Utah and Nevada)".
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TAXON 50- FEBRUARY 2001 287

Rupert was a friend of both botany and botanists alike, and he will be sorely
missed. My correspondence with him continued for more than four decades. His
replies were always prompt, in matchless English, and were always a pleasure to
read. Morning and afternoon tea with Rupert was always the highlight of any visit to
the New York Botanical Garden, where he held an informal court. Conversation was
always light and cheerful, but with knowledge imparted to everyone who attended.
His genius at understanding species concepts, his knowledge of botanical
nomenclature and history, and his ability with the English language, were
unmatched by any of his contemporaries.
Dr. Barneby was prompt to answer any botanical question sent to him, even those
by rank amateurs and graduate students. His correspondence often consisted of mere
postcards, typed on his ancient mechanical typewriter-he did not adapt well to such
modernities as word-processors, even when they became omnipresent.
Barneby, while always a gentleman, could have his ire raised by what seemed to
him befuddled attempts at taxonomy. He suffered fools badly. And his observation
on the tendency of taxonomists to rely too heavily for too long on certain criteria as
diagnostic led to the following observation in a letter dated Palm Sunday, 1967.
"What a curious psychological defect it is, of the human apparatus, that it can
become so conditioned to value a given taxonomic character far beyond its limit of
usefulness. To the point where, in the words of Linnaeus, the character makes the
species".
For many years Rupert resided in southern California. He then moved to various
places after returning to the east. From New York City to Wappingers Falls to
Stirling House, Greenport, Long Island, and ultimately to the Bronx. From his
various addresses he commuted to the New York Botanical Garden, and finally he
became associated formally with the garden-ultimately residing in an apartment on
the grounds. It was then convenient for him to walk to the garden each morning, and
home in the evening. He settled into a routine, working at the garden each day
except for Saturday afternoon, which was reserved for shopping and laundry. That
routine continued until his failing health caused him to settle into a final residence at
the Jewish Nursing Home in the Bronx, where he was provided with meals and
loving care.
Sheer statistics do not provide a look into the soul that was Barneby, but they do
give an indication of his productivity (more than 6500 printed pages), which if I am
not mistaken, is unmatched by any botanist of the 20th century. His name appears
some 2160 times in the 1997 CD-Rom version of Index Kewensis, which records
new taxa and new combinations within Acanthaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Boragina-
ceae, Caryophyllaceae, Compositae, Euphorbiaceae, Gentianaceae, Leguminosae
(in 50 genera, with more than a hundred new taxa in each of Astragalus, Cassia,
Chamaecrista, Mimosa, and Senna), Loganiaceae, Menispermaceae, Nyctaginaceae,
Polemoniaceae, Polygalaceae, Polygonaceae, Sabiaceae, and Umbelliferae). His
bibliography contains more than 150 titles, with the included papers numbering
pages from one to several hundred. More impressive than his titles is the quality of
the publications. His classical training in England shows through in the pages of his
papers, whether in English, Latin, or other. The descriptions are superb, his keys
workable, and his justification awesome. Keen observations are scattered through
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288 TAXON 50- FEBRUARY 2001

each species discussion, in impeccable style. What can be said further about Rupert
is that he will be missed not only by those who knew him, but by future generations
who will know him only through the grand legacy of literature. The thousands of
questions he could have answered so readily will not be so easily answered.

Chronological list of publications of Rupert C. Barneby

Bameby, R. C. 1941. A new species of Cymopterus from Nevada. Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 81-83.
- 1942. An addition to the genus Swertia. Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 155-157.
1942. Pugillus Astragalorum nevadensium. Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 97 -114.
1942. A suffrutescent Gilia from Southern Nevada. Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 129-139.
1942. A new species of Mirabilis, with remarks on Hermidium and related genera. Leafl. W.
Bot. 3: 175-199.
1943. Miscellaneous diagnoses. Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 193-199.
1944. Pugillus Astragalorum III. Leafl. W. Bot. 4: 49-63.
1944. Pugillus Astragalorum alter. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4: 49-63.
1945. PugillusAstragalorum IV: the section Diplocystium. Leafl. W. Bot. 4: 65-147.
1945. A new Species of Asclepias from Nevada. Leafl. W. Bot. 4: 210-211.
1946. Notholaena neglecta in Texas. Amer. Fern. J. 36: 18.
1946. Pugillus Astragalorum V. Leafl. W. Bot. 4: 228-238.
1946. An alien Astragalus in Washington. Leafl. W. Bot. 4: 279-280.
1947. A new monocephalous Parthenium. Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 19-22.
1947. Pugillus Astragalorum VI: notes on section Drabellae. Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 1-9.
1947. Pugillus Astragalorum VII: revision of the Argophylli. Amer. MidI. Naturalist 37: 421-
516.
- 1947. Pugillus Astragalorum VIII: notes on the section Genistoidei. Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 25-35.
- 1947. Distributional notes and minor novelties. Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 61-66.
- 1948. Pugillus Astragalorum IX: novelties in Batidophaca Rydb. Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 82-89.
- 1949. Eriogonum villijlorum and its near relatives in the Great Basin. Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 151-
154.
- 1949. Pugillus Astragalorum X: new species, varieties, and combinations. Amer. MidI.
Naturalist 41: 496--502.
- 1949. PugiIlus Astragalorum XI: two new species. Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 193-197.
- 1950. Pugillus Astragalorum XII: some problems in California. Aliso 2: 203-215.
- 1951. New names in Oxtytropis. Leafl. W. Bot. 6: Ill.
- 1951. Pugillus Astragalorum XIII: The varieties of A. tegetarius Wats. (Kentrophyta Nutt.).
Leafl. W. Bot. 6: 89-102.
- 1952. A revision of the North American species of Oxytropis DC. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 17:
177-312.
- 1952. Pugillus Astragalorum XIV: notes on sect. Lonchocarpi. Leafl. W. Bot. 6: 172-177.
- 1952. Astragalus. Pp. 415-421 in: Gleason, H. A. (ed.), The new Britton and Brown Illustrated
Flora of the northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, vol. 2. New York.
- 1952. Pugillus Astragalorum XVI: minor novelties from Nevada. Leafl. W. Bot. 7: 192-196.
- 1956. Pugillus Astragalorum XVII: four new species and one variety. Leafl. W. Bot. 8: 477-
503.
- 1956. Pugillus Astragalorum XVIIl: miscellaneous novelties and reappraisals. Amer. Midi.
Naturalist 55: 477-503.
- 1956. Pugillus Astragalorum XIX: notes on A. sericoleucus Gray and its immediate relatives.
Amer. MidI. Naturalist 55: 504-507.
- 1956. Leguminosae of Nevada, part I-Astragalus and Oxytropis. Contrib. Toward a Flora of
Nevada 38: 1-86.
- 1957. Pugillus Astragalorum XX: notes on A. muifordae and some close relatives. Leafl. W.
Bot. 8: 120-125.
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TAXON 50 - FEBRUARY 200 [ 289

- [957. Astragalus agnicidus, a new locoweed from Humboldt County, california Madrofw [4:
37-40.
- 1958. Notes preliminary to an account of Astragalus in California. Aliso 4: [31-[37.
- 1958. Astragalus. pp. 855-887 in: Munz, P. A. & Keck, D. D. (eds.), A California flora.
Berkeley.
- 1959. On Astragalus dasyglottis, a species common to Asia and America. Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 49-
51.
- [962. A synopsis of Errazurizia. Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 209-214.
- 1962. Type hunting in Europe. Gard. J. New York Bot. Gard. 12: 2[2-216.
- 1963. Notes on Oxytropis. Leafl. W. Bot. 10: 21-24.
- 1963. Treasures in the garden's herbarium: reliquiae haenkeanae. Gard. J. New York Bot.
Gard. 13: 139-[42.
- 1963. Treasures in the garden's herbaium II. The collection of Kar[ Fredrich Meissner. Gard. J.
New York Bot. Gard. 13: 182-[83.
- & F[eming, M. E. 1963. Treasures in the garden's herbarium III. The bryophytes of William
Mitten. Gard. J. New York Bot. Gard. 14: 146-148.
- 1964. Atlas of North American Astragalus. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 13: 1-1188.
- 1965. Conservation and typification of Dalea. Taxon 14: 160-164.
- 1965. Treasures of the garden's herbarium IV. The collection of William Marriott Canby.
Gard. J. New York Bot. Gard. 15: 170-172.
- [966. A new Boerhaavia [B. chrysantha] from northern Mexico. Leafl. W. Bot. 10: 263-264.
Krukoff, B. A. & Bameby, R. C. 1969. Supplementary notes on the American species of
Strychnos. VIII. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 20: 1-93.
- & - 1969. Supplementary notes on the American species of Strychnos, X. Phytologia 19: 176-
185.
Bameby, R. C. 1970. New phanerogams from the arid neotropics. Rhodora 72: 66-71.
- 1970. Supplementary notes on American Menispermaceae VI. Mem. New York Bot. Gard 20:
1-70.
- 1970. Revison of neotropicaI Menispermaceae tribe Tinosporeae. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
20: 81-158.
- 1970. A new Astragalus [A. beatleyae] from Nye County, Nevada. Aliso 7: 161-163.
- 1971. A new texano-mexican species of Dalea [D. laniceps] (Leguminosae). Southw. Naturalist
15: 389-391.
- & Reveal, J. L. [971. A new species of Lathyrus [L hitchcockianus] (Fabaceae) from the
Death VaI[ey region of California and Nevada. Aliso 7: 361-364.
- 1971. A new Astragalus [A. phoenix] (Fabaceae) from Nevada. Madrofio 20: 395-398.
- & Twisselmann, E. C. 1971. Notes on Loeflingia (Caryophyllaceae). Madrofio 20: 398-408.
Krukoff, B. A. & Bameby, R. C. 1971. Supplementary notes on American species of Strychnos,
XI. Phytologia 22: 225-243.
Bameby, R. C. 1971. Supplementary notes on American Menispermaceae. VIII. A generic survey
of the American Triclisieae and Anomospermeae. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 22: 1-89.
- 1971. Nomenclatural notes on Old World Astragalus. Feddes Repert. 82: 579-580.
- 1972. Ophiocaryon (Meliosmaceae). In: Maguire, B. (ed.), The botany of the Guaiana
highlands. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 114-120.
- 1973. Gaultheria versus Chiogenes. Bull. Amer. Rock Gard. Soc. 31: 118-119.
Krukoff, B. A. & Bameby, R. C. 1973. Notes on the species of Erythrina VII. Phytologia 27: 108-
141.
- & - 1973. Supplementary notes on American species of Strychnos. XIII. Phytologia 27: 97-
107.
- & - 1974. E[ g6nero Strychnos in Venezuela. Acta Bot. Venn 9: 63-118.
Bameby, R. C. 1974. Dragma hippomanicum: I. Brittonia 26: 109-114.
- 1974. Conspectus of the genus Erythrina. Uoydia 37: 332-459.
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290 TAXON 50-FEBRUARY 2001

- 1975. Memispermaceas. Flora Illustrada Catarinense I: 1-40.

Irwin, H. S. & Barneby, R. 1975. Notes preliminary to an account of Cassia in the Chihuahuan
desert. Sida 6: 7-18.
- & - 1976. Notes on the generic status of Chamaechrista Moench (Leguminosae:
Caesalpinioideae). Brittonia 28: 28-36.
Barneby, R. C. 1976. The spell of numbers. Taxon 25: 628.
Irwin, H. S. & Barneby, R. C. 1977. Nomenclatural notes on Cassia Linnaeus (Leguminosae:
Caesalpinioideae). Brittonia 28: 435-442.
- & - 1977. Two new species of Cassia subgen. Senna [CO apsidoneura, C. cachimboensis)
(Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae). Brittonia 28: 430-434.
- & - 1977. Monographic studies in Cassia (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae). IV.
Supplementary notes on section Apoucouita Bentham. Brittonia 29: 277-290.
Barneby, R. C. 1977. Dragma hippomanicum III: novitates Californicae. Brittonia 29: 376-381.
- & Williams, M. C. 1977. The occurrence of nitro-toxins in North American Astragalus
(Fabaceae). Brittonia 29: 310-326.
- 1977. Daleae imagines, an illustrated revision of Errazurizia Philippi, Psorothamnus Rydberg,
Marina Liebmann, and Dalea. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 27: 1-892.
Irwin, H. S. & Barneby, R. C. 1978. Monographic studies in Cassia III. Sections Absus and
Grimaldia. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 30: I-3D, pI. 1-26.
Barneby, R. C. 1979. Dragma hippomanicum IV: new taxa of Astragalus sect. Humillimi.
Brittonia 31: 450-463.
- 1980. Dragma hippomanicum V: two new Astragali from Intermountain United States.
Brittonia 32: 24-29.
- 1980. Dragma hippomanicum VI: a new tragacanthoid Astragalus from Nevada and Idaho.
Brittonia 32: 30-32.
- 1980. Three new species of Dalea sect. Parosela (Leguminosae: Amorpheae) from western and
southern Mexico. Brittonia 32: 392-396.
- 1981. Two new species of Odontocarya sect. Somphoxylon (Menispermaceae) from South
America. Brittonia 33: 1-4.
- 1981. Dragma hippomanicum VII: a new alpine Astragalus (Leguminosae) from western
Wyoming. Brittonia 33: 156-158.
Irwin, H. S. & Barneby, R. C. 1981. Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae tribe Cassieae. Pp. 97-106
in: Polhill, X. & Raven, P. (eds.), Advances in legume systematics, vol. I. Kew.
Welsh, S. L. & - 1981. Astragalus lentiginosus (Fabaceae) revisited-a unique new variety.
[selya 2: 1-2.
Barneby, R. C. 1981. New species of Dalea section Parosela (Leguminosae: Amorpheae) from
Peru and Mexico. Brittonia 33: 508-511.
- 1981. A remarkable heterophyUous Disciphania (Menispermaceae) from Peru. Brittonia 34:
515-516.
Krukoff, B. A. & Barneby, R. C. 1982. Notes on the species of Erythrina XVI. Allertonia 3: 7-9.
- & - 1982. Abuta chocoensis Krukoff & Barneby, sp. nov. Phytoiogia 50: 96.
- 1982. Dragma Hippomanicum VII. A new species of Astragalus section Strigulosi from
Oaxaca. Brittonia 34: 78-80.
Irwin, H. S. & Barneby, R. C. 1982. The american Cassiinae. A synoptical revision of Legumino-
sae tribe Cassieae subtribe Cassiinae in the New World. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35: 1-918.
Krukoff, B. A. & Barneby, R. C. 1982. Supplementary notes on American Menispermaceae
XVIII. Neotropical Triclisieae and Anospermeae. Phytologia 51: 458-462.
Barneby, R. C. 1983. A new variety of Dalea eriophylla S. Wats. (Leguminosae: Amorpheae)
from Sierra Madre Oriental. Sida 10: 14.
- 1983. Proposals to conserve Platymenia against Echryospermum and Peltogyne against
Orectospermum (Leguminosae). Taxon 32: 488-490.
- 1983. Dragma hippomanicum IX: a new variety of Dalea eriophila S. Wats. (Leguminosae-
Amorpheae) from Sierra Madre Oriental. Sida 10: 14.
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TAXON 50-FEBRUARY 2001 291

- & Grimes. 1. W. 1984. Two leguminous forest trees new to the flora of French Guiana.
Brittonia 36: 45-48.
- 1984. Dragma hippomanicum X: Astragali (Leguminosae) nevadenses novi criticive. singulo
peruviano adjecto. Brittonia 36: 162-173.
Irwin. H. S. & - 1984. A new species of Chamaecrista sect. Absus (Caesalpiniaceae) from
Bahia. Brazil. Phytologia 55: 305-307.
Barneby. R. C. 1984. Recordoxylon pulcherrimum Barneby. In: Steyermark. J. & Maguire. B.
(eds.). Nuevos taxa de la Guyana Venezolana. Acta. Bot. Venez. 14: 20-21.
- & Grimes. J. W. 1984. Two new mimosaceous trees from the American Tropics. Brittonia 36:
236-249.
- 1984. A new Bolivian Mimosa of sect. Habbasia series Leptostachya. a close kin of the
ficticious genus Schranckiastrum. Brittonia 36: 258-251.
Irwin. H. S. & Barneby. R. C. 1985. A new arborescent Chamaecrista (Caesalpiniaceae:
Cassiineae). Brittonia 37: 14-16.
Barneby. R. C. 1985. The identity and synonymy of Acacia guilandinae. Mimosa obovata. M.
pseud()-()bovatea. and M. lacticifera (Mimosaceae). Brittonia 37: 85-87.
- 1985. The genus Mimosa (Mimosaceae) in Bahia, Brazil: new taxa and nomenclatural
adjustments. Brittonia 37: 125-153.
Irwin. H. S. & Barneby. R. C. 1985. A new species of Senna (Caesalpiniaceae) from costal
northern Bahia, Brazil. Brittonia 37: 192-194.
Barneby. R. C. & Grimes. 1. W. 1985. A new species of Acacia (Mimosaceae) from tropical
southeast Brazil. Brittonia 37: 186-189.
- & Welsh. S. L. 1985. New species of Astragalus (Leguminosae) from southeastern Utah. Great
Basin Naturalist 45: 551-552.
- & Isely. D. 1986. Reevaluation of Mimosa biuncifera and M. texana (Leguminosae:
Mimosoideae). Brittonia 38: 119-122.
- & Grimes. 1. W. 1986. A new species of Abarema Pittier (Mimosaceae: Ingeae) from
Amazonian Brazil. Supt. Acta Amazon. 14: 95-99.
Barneby. R. C. 1986. A contribution to the taxonomy of Piptadenia (Mimosaceae) in south
America. Brittonia 38: 222-229.
- 1987. Novelties in Chamaecrista section Absus (Caesalpiniaceae). Brittonia 39: 7-10.
- 1987. A note on Mimosa in visa C. Martius ex Colla and M. in visa Martius (Mimosaceae).
Brittonia 39: 49-50.
- 1987. A new species of Odontocarya (Menispermaceae) from Guerrero. Anales Inst. Bioi.
Univ. Nac. Auton. Mexico. Bot. 54(1): 153-155.
Grether. R. & Barneby. R. C. 1987. Mimosa nallchititlana. a new species of the state of Mexico.
Mexico (Mimosaceae). Brittollia 39: 345-347.
Barneby. R. C. & Bridges. E. L. 1987. A new species of Astragalus (Fabaceae) from Tennessee's
Central Basin. Brittonia 39: 358-363.
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