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4.1 8086 Instruction Set

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13 views3 pages

4.1 8086 Instruction Set

Uploaded by

mrwhkasb38
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Mustansiriyah University Electrical Engineering Department

College of Engineering Third Year Class

4.1 8086 Instruction Set


The instructions of 8086 are classified into SIX groups. They are:
1. Data Transfer Instructions
2. Arithmetic Instructions
3. Bit Manipulation Instructions
4. String Instructions
5. Program Execution Transfer Instructions
6. Process Control Instructions

4.2 Data Transfer Instructions:


The DATA TRANSFER INSTRUCTIONS are those, which transfers the
DATA from any one source to any one destination. The data’s may be of
any type. They are again classified into four groups. They are:

General-Purpose Byte or Word Transfer Instructions Special Address Transfer Instruction


MOV LEA
XCHG LDS
LES

4.3 MOV Revisited Instruction:


The MOV instruction introduces the machine language instructions
available with various addressing modes and instructions. Machine code
is introduced because it may occasionally be necessary to interpret
machine language programs generated by an assembler. Interpretation of
the machine’s native language (machine language) allows debugging or
modification at the machine language level.
The MOV instruction copies a word or a byte of data from a specified
source to a specified destination. Data can be moved between general
purpose-registers, between a general purpose-register and a segment
register, between a general purpose-register or segment register and
memory, or between a memory location and the accumulator. Note that
memory-to-memory transfers are not allowed here.

Example:
MOV CX, 037AH ; Move 037AH into the CX; 037A → CX
MOV AX, BX ; Copy the contents of register BX to AX ; BX → AX
MOV DL, [BX] ;Copy byte from memory at BX to DL ; DS*10+BX → DL

Data Movement Instructions 45


Mustansiriyah University Electrical Engineering Department
College of Engineering Third Year Class

4.4 XCHG Instruction - Exchange XCHG destination, source:


The Exchange instruction exchanges the contents of the register with the
contents of another register (or) the contents of the register with the
contents of the memory location. Direct memory to memory exchanges
are not supported. The both operands must be the same size and one of
the operand must always be a register.

Example: Reg→Reg
MOV AL, 5
MOV AH, 2
XCHG AL, AH ; AL = 2, AH = 5
XCHG AL, AH ; AL = 5, AH = 2

Example: Mem→Reg or Reg→Mem


XCHG CX, [037AH] ; [(DS* 10)+ 037A]↔ CX
XCHG AX, [BX] ; [(DS* 10)+ BX]↔ AX
XCHG DL,[BP+200H] ; [(SS* 10)+ BP+200]↔DL

Example: For the figure below. What is the result of executing the
following instruction?
XCHG AX, [0002]
Solution

Data Movement Instructions 46


Mustansiriyah University Electrical Engineering Department
College of Engineering Third Year Class

4.5 LEA, LDS, and LES (Load Effective Address) Instructions:


These instructions load a segment and general purpose registers with an
address directly from memory. The general forms of these instructions
are as shown below:

The LEA instruction loads a 16-bit register with the offset address of the
data specified by the operand. The LDS and LES instructions load any
16-bit register with an offset address, and the DS, ES, or SS segment
register with a segment address.
Example:
LEA BX, PRICE ; Load BX with offset of PRICE in DS
LEA BP, SS:STAK ; Load BP with offset of STACK in SS
LEA CX, [BX][DI] ; Load CX with EA=BX + DI
LDS BX, [4326] ; copy the contents of the memory at displacement 4326H in DS to BL,
contents of the 4327H to BH. Copy contents of 4328H and 4329H in DS to
DS register.
Example 5: Assuming that (BX)=100H, DI=200H,
DS=1200H, SI= F002H, AX= 0105H, and the
following memory content. what is the result of
executing the following instructions?
a. LEA SI , [ DI + BX +2H]
b. MOV SI , [DI+BX+2H]
c. LDS CX, [300]
d. LES BX , [DI+AX]
Solution:
a. LEA SI , [DI + BX +2H]
SI= (DI) + (BX) + 2H=0200H+0100H+0002H= 0302H
b. MOV SI , [DI+BX+2H]
EA=(DI+BX+2H)= 0302H
PA=DS*10+EA=1200*10+0302=12302
SI = 80EFH
c. LDS CX , [300]
PA = DS*10+EA= 1200H*10+300H = 12300H
CX= AA11H and DS=80EFH
d. LES BX , [DI+AX]
EA = (DI+AX)= 0200H+0105H =0305H
PA= DS*10+EA = 1200H*10+0305H = 12305H
BX = 5A8DH and ES = C592H

Data Movement Instructions 47

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