KNOWLEDGE HUB

Light Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 15

Light Class 7 Science Extra Questions Very Short Answer Type
Questions
Question 1.
Briefly mention whether mirror change the direction of light.
Answer:
Yes, when a ray of light is incident on the mirror surface, then the mirror changes the
direction of light.
Question 2.
The image formed by a lens is always virtual, erect and smaller in size for an object kept at
different positions in front of it. Identify the nature of the lens. (NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Such types of lenses which always form virtual, erect and smaller image in spite of the
different positions of an object are called concave lens.
Question 3.
Observe the given figures carefully.

The given figures show the path of light through lenses of two different types represented
by rectangular boxes A and B. What is the nature of lenses A and B ? [NCERT Examplar]
Answer:
Since, in first case light rays are converging towards a point, so the lens A will be convex
and in case of lens 8, light rays diverge or spread out. So, the lens will be concave lens.
Question 4.
Name the colours include in the composition of sunlight.
Answer:
As we know that sunlight consists of mixture of seven colours (i.e. VIBGYOR).

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Question 5.
In the formation of a rainbow, what acts as tiny prisms?
Answer:
In the formation of a rainbow, the raindrops suspended in the atmosphere acts as tiny
prism.
Question 6.
Briefly mention what makes things visible to us.
Answer:
When a light ray falls on an object, then reflected light ray which comes from the object
when A falls on our eys, allows us to see things around us.
Question 7.
Name the type of lens which diverges a beam of parallel rays of light.
Answer:
The lens which diverges a beam of parallel rays of light is a concave lens.
Question 8.
Is the image formed by a plane mirror is always upright?
Answer:
Yes, the image formed by the plane mirror is always upright.
Question 9.
Explain why are concave and convex mirrors called spherical mirrors.
Answer:
Concave and convex mirrors are the parts of sphere whose one side is polished or silvered.
So, they are called spherical mirrors.
Question 10.
Is it possible to obtain the image on the screen when the candle is too closed to the concave
mirror?
Answer:
No, when the candle is too closed to the concave mirror.
Question 11.
Can you get a real image at any distance of the object from the convex mirror?
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Answer:
No, we cannot get a real image for any position of an object from the mirror because
convex mirror always forms virtual, erect and diminished image in spite of the position of
object.
Question 12.
Can you name the mirrors used as side mirrors in scooters?
Answer:
Yes, in the side mirror of scooters, convex mirror is used to have a wider field of view of
the traffic.
Question 13.
Explain why concave mirror is known as a converging mirror.
Answer:
Concave mirror is known as a converging mirror because it converges a beam of parallel
rays of light (reflecting from it) at one point.
Question 14.
Name the phenomenon that is involved in the formation of image of an object by a concave
mirror.
Answer:
Reflection of light is the name of a phenomenon which is involved in the formation of image
of an object by a concave mirror.
Question 15.
Mention the type of image formed on a cinema screen.
Answer:
Real image is an image which is formed on a cinema screen.
Question 16.
As we know that an image is formed by the actual intersection of rays and can be obtained
on the screen. So, state whether it is real or virtual image.
Answer:
Since, after the actual intersection of rays, the image obtained on the screen is always real
image.

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Question 17.
State in brief about the term lens.
Answer:
A transparent material which is bounded by both or one spherical surface is known as a
lens.
Question 18.
Name the phenomenon that is involved in the formation of image of an object by a convex
lens.
Answer:
Refraction of light is the name of a phenomenon which is involved in the formation of image
of an object by a convex lens.
Question 19.
Give the form of energy that produces the sensation of vision.
Answer:
Light energy is the form of energy which produces the sensation of vision.
Question 20.
What type of mirror is used as a side mirror in a scooter? Why is this type of mirror
chosen? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Convex mirror is used as a side mirror in a scooter because it can form images of objects
spread over a larger area.
So, this helps the driver to view the traffic over a large area behind them.
Question 21.
Briefly mention how many types of lens are there. Explain each of them.
Answer:
There are two types of lenses.
The lens which is thinner in the middle than at the edges is called a concave lens while the
lens
which is thicker in the middle than at the edges is called a convex lens.
Question 22.
Consider if one half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper, then state whether this
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lens produces a complete image of the object.
Answer:
If one half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper, then yes, the convex lens will
produce the complete image of the object.
Question 23.
Briefly tell that how many reflected rays can be obtained from a single incident ray in
respect of a plane mirror.
Answer:
For a single incident ray, there will be only one reflected ray that can be obtained in respect
of a plane mirror.
Question 24.
State in brief what we can demonstrate by rotating Newton’s colour disc very fastly.
Answer:
By rotating Newton’s colour disc, we can demonstrate that when seven colours are mixed
together, then a white colour is formed.
Question 25.
Mention the name of lens which can converge the sun’s rays to a point and burn a hole in
the piece of paper. (HOTS]
Answer:
Convex lens is a lens which can converge the sun’s rays to a point and burn a hole in the
piece of paper.
Question 26.
An erect and enlarged image of an object is formed on a screen. Explain how this could be
possible.
Answer:
An erect and enlarged image of an object is formed only by the concave mirror or convex
lens when object is inverted and placed between F and 2F.
Light Class 7 Science Extra Questions Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
The distance between an object and a convex lens is changing. It is noticed that the size of
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the image formed on a screen is decreasing. Is the object moving in a direction towards the
lens or away from it? (NCERT Examplar; HOTS]
Answer:
In case of convex lens, when we move the object far away from the lens, the size of image
decreases and ultimately, when object is at infinity, it will form a point image at focus.
Question 2.
Two different types of lenses are placed on a sheet of newspaper. How will you identify them
without touching? [HOTS]
Answer:
On identifying the letters of newspaper, we can differentiate the two types of lenses.
If image is large or magnified, then the lens is a convex lens and if the image is smaller or
diminished in size for all the positions of object, then the lens is concave .
Question 3.
Briefly state the characteristics of image formed by a plane mirror.
Answer:
Characteristics of the Images Formed by a Plane Mirror
Now, we will describe the various characteristics of the images formed in a plane mirror by
taking the example of the image of the candle.
• When we see the mirror, the image of candle appears to be formed behind the mirror.
• Now, pW a vertical screen behind the plane mirror (where the image of candle
appears to be situated), then we will notice that the image of candle cannot be
formed on the screen. Even if the screen is placed in front of the plane mirror, then
the image of candle cannot be formed on the screen. Since, the image of candle
formed in the plane mirror cannot be formed on a screen, which means that the
image of candle in the plane mirror is a virtual image.
• If we see the figure, then we will find that the length and breadth of the image of the
candle and its flame to be the same as that of the original candle and its flame. The
image of candle in the plane mirror is of the same size as the original candle.
• Also if we see the figure, then we will find that the candle has a flame at the top and
the image of candle also has a flame at the top. So, the top of candle remains at the
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top in the image. In the same way, the bottom of candle remains at the bottom in an
image. Such an image is called an erect image (or upright image). Therefore, the
image formed by a plane mirror is erect.
Question 4.
The side mirror of a scooter got broken. The mechanic replaced it with a plane mirror.
Mention any inconvenience that the driver of the scooter will face while using it.
Answer:
As we know that the side mirror of a scooter must be of convex mirror so that we can view
a wide range of traffic spread over a large area. But if plane mirror is used, we are not able
to see large area of traffic which may be difficult for driving vehicle and can cause accident.
Question 5.
We need a shiny surface for reflection. Explain why.
Answer:
Since, the extent of reflection depends upon the shine and smoothness of the surface. So,
greater the shining and smoothness of the surface, greater will be the reflection. So, this is
a reason why we require a shiny surface for reflection.
Question 6.
Differentiate between a plane mirror, concave mirror and a convex mirror without touching
them.
Answer:
These mirrors can be differentiated by bringing our face close to each mirror turn by turn.
Since, a plane mirror will produce an image of the same size as our face while a concave
mirror will produce a magnified image and our face will look much bigger and on other
sides, a convex mirror will produce a diminished image and our face will look much smaller
like a small child.
Question 7.
The concave reflecting surface of a torch got rusted. What effect would this have on the
beam of light from the torch?
Answer:
If the reflecting surface of a torch got rusted, it produces diffused light with lower intensity
and the objects are not clearly visible in this diffused and lower intensity of light.
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Question 8.
Mention the type of image
(a) which can be formed on the screen.
(b) which cannot be formed on the screen.
Answer:
(a) The image which can be formed on the screen is real image.
(b) The image which cannot be formed on the screen is virtual image.
Question 9.
Mention any two letters of English alphabet whose image formed in a plane mirror appears
exactly similar to the letters.
Answer:
Since, image formed by the plane mirror shows lateral inversion, i.e. left seems to right or
vice-versa. But in the case of alphabets A and H, these letters show the same image in the
plane mirror.
Question 10.
A shopkeeper wanted to fix a mirror which will give a maximum view of his shop. What type
of mirror should he use? Give reason.
Answer:
If a shopkeeper wanted to fix a mirror which will give him maximum view of his shop, he
should use convex mirror.
In case of convex mirror, it will give a wider field of view, i.e. it can collect light from a large
area spread over them.
Question 11.
State the correct sequence (1-7) of colours in the spectrum formed by the prisms A and B
shown in the figure.

Answer:

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When a white light is passed through a prism, it disperses into its seven constituent colours.

Question 12.
Suppose we wish to obtain the real image of a distant tree. Explain two possible ways in
which we can do it. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
• In first case, we will use a concave mirror, as we know that concave mirror can form
real image, i.e. image on screen. The image of distant tree will be at focus in case of
concave mirror.
• In second case, we can use a convex lens as it forms real image of a distant object at
focus, i. e. image of distant tree in case of convex lens will be formed at focus.
Question 13.
Explain the term lateral inversion.
Answer:
When an image is formed by the mirror in such a way that the left side of image is object’s
right side and right side of image is object’s left side. So, this process of change in the sides
of the object as well as of image is known as lateral inversion.
Question 14.
State the characteristics of images formed by a concave mirror.
Answer:
The characteristics of image formed by a concave mirror are:
• The image formed by a concave mirror is not always the same size as the object. It
can be either larger or smaller depending on the distance of the object to the mirror.

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• The image formed by a concave mirror is inverted when the object is kept far from
the mirror. So, when it is brought very close to the concave mirror, then an erect and
enlarged image is formed.
Question 15.
Boojho made light from a laser torch to fall on a prism. Will he be able to observe a band of
seven colours? Explain with a reason. [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
No, he will not observe band of seven colours because laser light consists of
monochromatic light of single colour.
But seven colours of bands are only observed, when a white light is passed through a prism
and dispersion takes place.
Question 16.
Briefly explain why in ambulance words are written laterally inverted. [HOTS]
Answer:
In case of mirror, the image formed by it is laterally inverted, i.e. left seems to be right and
right seems to be left. So, in ambulance there is emergency for patients to reach hospital
and by viewing in rear mirror, it can be easily identified of a vehicle and everyone give him a
way.
Question 17.
Assume, a person is standing in front of a plane mirror. The distance between the mirror
and his image is 6 m. If the person moves 2 m towards the plane mirror, what would be the
distance between the person and his image? [HOTS]
Answer:
Since, the image is 6m away from the plane mirror. So, it means that the object is also 6m
away from the mirror.

[Because OP = PI]
So, when the person moves 2 m towards the plane mirror, then the distance between the
person and the plane mirror will be equal to (6 m – 2 m) = 4 m, this means that distance
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between the image and the mirror will be 4m.

The distance between the person and his image = PO’+ PI’= 4 + 4 = 8m
Light Class 7 Science Extra Questions Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Explain with the help of an activity that when seven colours are mixed together, then white
colour is formed.
Answer:
Firstly, take a circular cardboard disc of about 10 cm diameter, then divide this disc into
seven equal segments and paint the seven colours of white light (red, orange, yellow, green,
blue, indigo and violet) on these segments (as shown in figure given ). Instead of painting the
segments, we can also paste seven coloured papers on these segments. So, this disc
painted with the seven colours of spectrum is called Newton’s disc. Now, make a small hole
at the centre of the disc.

Fix the disc loosely on the tip of a refill of a ball pen. Be confirm that the disc can rotate
freely. Now, rotate the disc quickly in day light. So, when the disc is rotated very fast, then
all the seven colours mix together due to which the disc appears to be white (see figure).
Therefore, the rapid rotation of Newton’s colour disc tells us that mixing of seven colours of
the spectrum can give us white light.

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Question 2.
It was observed that when the distance between an object and a lens decreases, the size of
the image increases. What is the nature of this lens? If you keep on decreasing the distance
between the object and the lens, will you still able to obtain the image on the screen?
Explain.
Answer:
On decreasing the distance between the object and lens, the size of the image increases,
the nature of the lens will be convex type.
If the distance between object and lens is less than the focus of the lens, then it forms a
virtual image and this image cannot be obtained on a screen but formed on the same side of
the object.
Question 3.
Give the definition dispersion of light. Also, explain why does it take place? Draw a diagram
to show the dispersion of white light by a glass prism.
Answer:
In the year 1665, Newton discovered by his experiments with glass prisms that white light
(like sunlight) consists of a mixture of lights of seven colours. Newton found that if a beam
of white light is passed through a glass prism, then the white light splits to form a band of
seven colours on a white screen . The band of seven colours formed on a white screen,
when a beam of white light is passed through a glass prism, is known as spectrum of white
light. The seven colours of the spectrum are Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo and
Violet .

So, dispersion of light is phenomenon of splitting up of white light into seven colours on
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passing through a transparent medium like a glass prism. The formation of spectrum of
seven colours indicates that white light is a mixture of seven colours. White light can be
sunlight. So, now we can say that the sunlight consists of seven colours.
We can mix these colours to get white light. This can be done by using Newton’s disc, let us
try this.
Question 4.
You are given three mirrors of different types.
How will you identify each one of them?
Answer:
We can identify the mirrors by forming image of an object.
• Plane mirror In case of plane mirror, image will be virtual, erect and of same size as
that of object.
• Concave mirror In case of concave mirror, image may be real, virtual and magnified
or diminished.
• Convex mirror In case of convex mirror, image formed will always be virtual, erect
and diminished.
Question 5.
Namit was driving a car and suddenly became aware of a loud sound coming from behind.
He looked through his rear view mirror and saw an ambulance. He recalled reading that
such emergency vehicles often have their name written in the mirror (AMBULANCE) or
writing, i. e.
He quickly made way for the ambulance, murmuring a quick prayer for the speedy recovery
of the patient inside the ambulance.
(a) Name the type of mirror which is used as a rear-view mirror and why?
(b) Mention values did Namit exhibit. (Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) Convex mirror is a mirror which is used as a rearview mirror. It is used to get a wide
view of traffic behind.
(b) The values exhibit by Namit here is courtesy concerned for other, sympathy,
knowledgeable.
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Question 6.
One day, Ramesh’s friend was performing their respective experiments given by their
teacher. While sitting in the practical lab instead of performing experiment, Ramesh was
playing with his meter scale. All the sudden, he held the scale in his hand and started moving
in front of tube light, then he observed the seven colours of white light. After sometimes, he
got scolded by his lab teacher for not performing the experiment.
(a) Give the name of phenomenon that leads to the formation of band of seven colours.
(b) Name the constituent colours of white light.
(c) Mention the values shown by Ramesh here. (Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) Dispersion of white light is the name of phenomenon which leads to the formation of
band of seven colours.
(b) There are seven constituent colours of white light, they are Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green,
Yellow, Orange, Red (i.e. VIBGYOR).
(c) Ramesh seems to be quite innovative with respect to the scientific methods and also
very eager to learn science regarding phenomena.
Question 7.
Last Sunday Girish’s mother, Priyanka was preparing the dinner in her kitchen for Girish
and his father. Both of them were feeling so much hungry and they sat ideally on their
respective chairs and having empty plates and spoons on their dining table. They were
shouting like a 5 years old child that they wanted the dinner so much eagerly in order to
fulfil their stomach. At the sometime, Girish’s mother served the cooked food to both of
them and the moment, when Girish was just about to eat the rice with the help of spoon, he
noticed that the spoon has such a shining surface that it reflected the light rays incident on
it.
(a) Explain the importance of shining surface in the reflection of light.
(b) Name the type of spherical mirror represented by the shining steel spoon.
(c) Mention the values shown by Priyanka here towards her family. [Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) As we know that the extent of reflection depends upon the shining of surface. So,
greater the shining of the surface, more will be the reflection.
(b) Both convex and concave mirrors are represented by the shining steel spoon.
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(c) The values shown by Priyanka here is concern and a satisfaction that she gets after
serving the cooked food to her son and her husband.
Light Class 7 Science Extra Questions Miscellaneous Questions
Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
Boojho and Paheli were given one mirror each by their teacher. Boojho found his image to
be erect and of the same size, whereas Paheli found her image erect and smaller in size.
This means that the mirrors of Boojho and Paheli respectively are [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) plane mirror and concave mirror
(b) concave mirror and convex mirror
(c) plane mirror and convex mirror
(d) convex mirror and plane mirror
Answer:
(c) plane mirror and convex mirror
Question 2.
Which of the following always diverge light rays?
(a) Convex mirror and plane mirror
(b) Concave lens and convex mirror
(c) Concave mirror and convex lens
(d) Concave lens and convex mirror
Answer:
(b) Concave lens and convex mirror
Question 3.
Which of the following would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a
dictionary?
(a) A convex lens
(b) A convex mirror
(c) A concave lens
(d) Either (a) or (b)
Answer:
(a) A convex lens
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Question 4.
if an object is placed at a distance of 0.5 m in front of a plane mirror, the distance between
the object and the image formed by the mirror will be [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) 2 m
(b) 1 m
(c) 0.5 m
(d) 0.25 m
Answer:
(b) The distance between object and mirror is given by 0.5 + 0.5= 1 m.
Question 5.
A virtual image
(a) can be formed on the screen
(b) cannot be formed on the screen
(c) is formed only by a plane mirror
(d) is formed only by the convex mirror
Answer:
(b) cannot be formed on the screen
Question 6.
You are provided with a concave mirror, a convex mirror, a concave lens and a convex lens.
To obtain an enlarged image of an object, you can use either
(a) concave mirror or convex mirror
(b) concave mirror or convex lens
(c) concave mirror or concave lens
(d) concave lens or convex lens
Answer:
(b) concave mirror or convex lens
Question 7.
A rainbow can be seen in the sky [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) when the sun is in front of you
(b) when the sun is behind you
(c) when the sun is overhead

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(d) only at the time of sunrise
Answer:
(b) when the sun is behind you
Question 8.
An erect and enlarged image can be formed by
(a) only a convex mirror
(b) only a concave mirror
(c) only a plane mirror
(d) Both convex and concave mirrors
Answer:
(b) only a concave mirror
Question 9.
Which of the following can be used to form a real image?
(a) Only concave mirror
(b) Only plane mirror
(c) Only convex mirror
(d) Both concave and convex mirrors
Answer:
(a) Only concave mirror
Question 10.
You are provided with a convex mirror, a concave mirror, a convex lens and a concave lens.
You can get an inverted image from [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) both concave lens and convex lens
(b) both concave mirror and convex mirror
(c) both concave mirror and convex lens
(d) both convex mirror and concave lens
Answer:
(c) both concave mirror and convex lens
Question 11.
An image formed by a lens is erect. Such an image could be formed by [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) convex lens provided the image is smaller than object
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(b) concave lens provided the image is smaller than object
(c) concave lens provided the image is larger than object
(d) concave lens provided the image is of the same size
Answer:
(b) concave lens provided the image is smaller than object
Question 12.
The colour of light which is deviated the least by prism in the spectrum of white light is
(a) violet
(b) green
(c) yellow
(d) red
Answer:
(a) Since, red colour has the greatest wavelength, that’s why, it is deviated the least in the
spectrum of white light.
Fill in the Blanks
1. There are ………………….. types of spherical mirrors.
2. Changing of left side of an object to right side of image is called …………………..
3. ………………….. lens is also known as a magnifying glass.
4. The change in the direction of light by a mirror is called ………………….. of light.
5. A ………………….. is a curved transparent or translucent device that causes rays to either
converge or diverge.
6. Convex lenses are ………………….. in the middle than at the edges whereas concave lenses
are in the middle than at the edges.
7. A prism splits light into ………………….. colours.
8. The inner surface of a steel spoon acts as a ………………….. mirror. [NCERT Exemplar]
9. The outer surface of a flat steel plate acts as a ………………….. mirror.
10. The outer shining surface of a round bottom steel bowl acts as a ………………….. mirror.
11. The inner surface of the reflector of a torch acts as a ………………….. mirror. [NCERT
Exemplar]
Answers:
1. two
2. lateral inversion
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3. Convex
4. reflection
5. lens
6. thicker, thinner
7. seven
8. concave
9. plane
10. convex
11. concave
True/False
1. A concave lens can be used to produce an enlarged and erect image.
2. A convex lens always produces a real image.
3. The sides of an object and its image formed by a concave mirror are always
interchanged. [NCERT Exemplar]
4. An object can be seen only if it emits light. [NCERT Exemplar]
5. The image formed in a plane mirror is erect, enlarged and virtual.
6. A concave mirror always forms an erect and diminished image of the object.
7. The image formed in a plane mirror is behind the mirror.
8. A concave mirror is also known as a converging mirror.
9. A virtual image is larger than the object can be produced by a convex mirror.
10. The mirror which can form a magnified image of an object is both convex and concave
mirrors.
11. In a convex spherical mirror, reflection of light takes place at a bent in surface.
Answers:
1. False, a concave lens can be used to produce an erect and diminished (smaller than the
object image).
2. False, no, a convex lens does not always produce a real image because when the object is
placed close to the convex lens, then the image formed by convex lens is virtual, erect and
larger than the object.
3. True
4. False, an object can be seen even if the ray of light is emitted from some different
sources of light and suffering the reflection from the object surface after getting incident
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on it.
5. False, the image formed in a plane mirror is always erect and virtual.
6. False, a concave mirror always forms an erect, virtual and enlarged (larger than the
object) image.
7. True
8. True
9. False, an enlarged image is always larger than the object and is always formed by a
concave mirror.
10. False, a concave mirror is a mirror which forms the magnified image of an object.
11. False, in a convex spherical mirror, reflection of light takes place out the bent out
(bulging out) surface.
Match the Columns
Question 1.
Match the Columns I with Column II.

Column 1 Column II Answer

(a) Real image (i) Cannot be formed on the screen E

(b) Magnified F
(ii) Upside down image
image

(c) Erect image (iii) Smaller than the object D

(d) Diminished C
(iv) Upright image
image

(e) Virtual image (v) Bigger than the object B

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(f) Inverted A
(vi) Formed on the screen
image

Light Class 7 Science Extra Questions and Answers

Very Short Extra Questions and Answers
1. What type of mirror is used as a side view mirror in a scooter?
Answer: Convex mirror.
2. How can we change the direction of the light?
Answer: We can change the direction of the light by phenomenon called reflection.
3. Which type of mirror can form a real image?
Answer: Concave mirror can form a real image.
4. Which type of lens forms always a virtual image?
Answer: Concave lens forms always a virtual image.
5. Give an example of a curved mirror.
Answer: The most common example of a curved mirror is a spherical mirror.
6. What are the two types of spherical mirror?
Answer: The two types of spherical mirror are concave and convex mirrors.
7. What is real image?
Answer: An image which can be obtained on a screen is called a real image.
8. Write some uses of lenses.
Answer: Lenses are widely used in spectacles, telescopes and microscopes.
9. What is convex mirror?
Answer: If the reflecting surface is convex, then it is a convex mirror.

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10. What happens when light falls on a polished or a shiny surface?
Answer: When light falls on a polished or a shiny surface light gets reflected.
11. What makes things visible to us?
Answer: Objects are visible only when light reflected from them reaches our eyes.
12. What is diverging lens?
Answer: A concave lens diverges (bends outward) the light and is called a diverging lens.
13. What kind of image is formed by concave lens?
Answer: A concave lens always forms erect, virtual and smaller image than the object.
14. What is the nature of the image formed by a convex mirror?
Answer: Image formed by a convex mirror is erect, virtual and smaller in size than the
object.
15. What is reflection of light?
Answer: Bouncing back of a light ray after hitting any surface is known as reflection of light.
16. What is concave mirror?
Answer: If the reflecting surface of a spherical mirror is concave, it is called a concave
mirror.
17. Why we are not able to see the candle flame through a bent pipe?
Answer: We are not able to see the candle flame through a bent pipe because light travels
along straight lines.
18. How can we change the path of light?
Answer: We can change the path of light by keeping any shiny or polished or reflecting
material in front of the light beam.
19. What type of image does the outer side of a spoon show?
Answer: The outer surface of a spoon acts like a convex mirror. Image formed by a convex
mirror is erect, virtual and smaller in size than the object.

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20. What happens when light falls on a mirror?
Answer: A mirror changes the direction of light that falls on it. This change of direction by a
mirror is called reflection of light.
Short Extra Questions and Answers
1. When does rainbow appear in the sky?
Answer: Rainbow appears usually after the rain when the sun is low in the sky. The rainbow
is seen as a large arc in the sky with many colours.
2. We see reflection of trees or buildings in water. Give reason.
Answer: The surface of water can also act like a mirror and change the path of light. Thus,
we see reflection of trees or buildings in water.
3. Why are concave and convex mirrors called spherical mirrors?
Answer: Concave and convex mirrors are called spherical mirror because their reflecting
surfaces are the parts of hollow sphere of glass.
4. Give one use each of a concave and a convex mirror.
Answer: Concave mirrors are used by dentists to see an enlarged image of the teeth.
Convex mirrors are used as side mirrors in vehicles.
5. Why the image formed is erect and is of the same size in stainless steel plate?
Answer: The image formed is erect and is of the same size in stainless steel plate because it
acts as a plane mirror.
6. What kind of image is formed by convex lens?
Answer: A convex lens can form real and inverted image. When the object is placed very
close to the lens, the image formed is virtual, erect and magnified.
7. Write the uses of convex mirror.
Answer: Uses of convex mirror are:
• They are used as side mirrors in vehicles.
• They are used in magnifying glass.
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8. Do you see colours similar to those in a rainbow somewhere else?
Answer: Yes, when we blow soap bubbles, they appear colourful. Similarly, when light is
reflected from the surface of a Compact Disk (CD), we see many colours.
9. Tina has prepared a small top with a small circular disc with seven rainbow colours
painted on it. When the top rotates it appears nearly white. Why?
Answer: When the top is rotated fast, the colours get mixed together and the top appears to
be whitish.
10. What is the nature of the image formed by a concave mirror?
Answer: A concave mirror can form a real and inverted image. When the object is placed
very close to the mirror, the image formed is virtual, erect and magnified.
11. What type of image does the inner side of a spoon show?
Answer: The inner surface of a spoon acts like a concave mirror. Image is erect and larger
in size. If we increase the distance of the spoon from our face, we may see our image
inverted.
12. State the characteristics of the image formed by a plane mirror.
Answer: The image formed by a plane mirror is erect. It is virtual and is of the same size as
the object. The image is at the same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front of
it.
13. What is a virtual image? Give one situation where a virtual image is formed.
Answer: An image which cannot be obtained on a screen is called a virtual image. The image
formed by a plane mirror is virtual image because it could not be obtained on a screen.
14. How many colors is white light composed of?
Answer: Sunlight consists of seven colours. The sunlight is said to be white light. This means
that the white light consists of seven colours. These are red, orange, yellow, green, blue,
indigo and violet.
15. Why does obtaining the image of the sun on a paper with the help of a concave mirror
burn the paper?
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Answer: Obtaining the image of the sun on a paper with the help of a concave mirror burn
the paper because concave mirror converge the sunrays to one point.
Long Extra Questions and Answers
1. Write the uses of concave mirror.
Answer: Concave mirrors are used for many purposes. Doctors use concave mirrors for
examining eyes, ears, nose and throat. Concave mirrors are also used by dentists to see an
enlarged image of the teeth. The reflectors of torches, headlights of cars and scooters are
concave in shape.
2. How can you show the image of the sun on a paper?
Answer: Take a concave mirror. Hold it facing the sun. Try to get the light reflected by the
mirror on a sheet of paper. Adjust the distance of the paper until you get a sharp bright
spot on it. This bright spot is, in fact, the image of the sun.
3. The rear view mirror of a car is a plane mirror. A driver is reversing his car at a speed
of 2 m/s. The driver sees in his rear view mirror the image of a truck parked behind his
car. The speed at which the image of the truck appears to approach the driver will be
_________.
Answer: The image of the truck will travel a distance twice the distance travelled by the car
in equal time. Therefore, image of the truck will appear to approach the driver with the
speed of (2 + 2) m/s i.e., 4 m/s.
4. Write an experiment to show that the sunlight consists of seven colours.
Answer: Take a glass prism. Allow a narrow beam of sunlight through a small hole in the
window of a dark room to fall on one face of the prism. Let the light coming out of the other
face of the prism fall on a white sheet of paper or on a white wall. We see colours similar to
those in a rainbow. This shows that the sunlight consists of seven colours.
5. Why the word ambulance is written laterally inverted on ambulance vehicle?
Answer: The word ambulance is written laterally inverted on ambulance vehicle because
when the driver of a vehicle ahead of an ambulance looks in her/his rear view mirror,

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she/he can read “AMBULANCE” written on it and give way to it. It is the duty of every one of
us to allow an ambulance to pass without blocking its way.
6. Find out the letters of English alphabet or any other language known to you in which the
image formed in a plane mirror appears exactly like the letter itself. Discuss your findings.
Answer: Image of letters of English alphabet such as A, H, I, M, O, T, U, V, W, X, Y formed in a
plane mirror appears exactly like the letter itself. Vertical symmetry is found in the letters
A, H, I, M, O, T, U, V, W, X and Y. This means that the right side is a reflection of the left.
7. What is the difference between an object and an image?
Answer: Place a lighted candle in front of a plane mirror. Try to see the flame of the candle
in the mirror. It appears as if a similar candle is placed behind the mirror. The candle, which
appears behind the mirror, is the image of the candle formed by the mirror. The candle
itself is the object.

8. David is observing his image in a plane mirror. The distance between the mirror and his
image is 4 m. If he moves 1 m towards the mirror, then find out the distance between David
and his image.
Answer: Distance between the mirror and David’s image is 4m.
If the David moves 1 m towards the mirror, then the distance between mirror and David’s
image will be (4 – 1) m = 3m
We know that in case of plane mirror image is at the same distance behind the mirror as
the object is in front of it. Therefore,
Distance between David and mirror = Distance between mirror and David’s image

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So, Distance between David and his image = Distance between David and mirror + Distance
between mirror and David’s image (i.e., 3 + 3 = 6 m)
9. Show that the image is at the same distance behind the plane mirror as the object is in
front of it.
Answer: Take a chess board. Draw a thick line in the middle of it. Fix a plane mirror
vertically on this line. Place a pencil sharpener, at the boundary of the third square counting
from the mirror. Note the position of the image. Now shift the object to the boundary of the
fourth square. Again, note the position of the image. We will find that the image is at the
same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front of it.

10. Show how light gets reflected from a plane mirror with the help of an activity.
Answer: Take a torch. Cover its glass with a chart paper which has three slits. Spread a
sheet of chart paper on a smooth wooden board. Fix a plane mirror strip vertically on the
chart paper. Now direct the beam of light on the mirror from the torch with slits. Place the
torch in such a way that its light is seen along the chart paper on the board. Now adjust its
position so that the light from the torch strikes the plane mirror at an angle. We will see
that the mirror change the direction of light that falls on it. Now move the torch slightly to
either side. We will see change in the direction of reflected light too. Look into the mirror
along the direction of the reflected light. We see the slits in the mirror. This is the image of
the slits. This activity shows how light gets reflected from a plane mirror.

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11. State the differences between a convex and a concave lens.

Answer:

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