CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION
B. Pharmacy VII Semester, 2023-24 INTRODUCTION

1. INTRODUCTION
The preparations known as herbal lotions are phytochemicals from a range of botanical
sources that influence skin infections and supply nutrients essential for healthy skin. The
Meliaceae family includes the tree species neem (Azadirachta indica). Medicine is made
from the seeds, bark, and leaves. The fruit, bloom, and root are also utilized occasionally.
Neem leaf is used to treat a variety of conditions, including leprosy, bloody noses,
intestinal worms, stomach trouble, appetite loss, skin ulcers, cardiovascular illness, fever,
diabetes, gingivitis, and liver issues. Tulsi (osmium sanctum Linn.) is the most important
herb utilized in Ayurveda, and modern studies are now validating its health benefits.
The usage of tulsi in everyday routines is a tribute to Ayurvedic expertise and serves as a
n illustration of how old wisdom may provide answers to contemporary issues.One of the
tropical and subtropical trees, Carica papaya (also known as papaw or papaya), is well re
cognised for having all of its components used.The fruit has been successfully used in me
als as a dietary supplement, an appetiser, and a snack, but the leaves have been successful
ly employed in herbal medicine as an antimicrobe, antioxidant, antivirus, treatment for ha
ematology disorders, and an anticancer agent.Papaya leaves are employed in non-
food and non-medical applications as larvicides, ectoparasite controls, and bioherbicides.

As a nutritional supplement, the fruit can be used as a detoxifier and as a metabolism

inducer. Carica papaya (papaw or papaya) is one of the tropical and subtropical trees that
is well known for having the entirety of its parts utilized. In foods, the fruit has been
advantageously used as a nutritional supplement, appetizer, and snack, whereas as an
herbal medicine, the leaves have been utilized in antimicrobe, antioxidant,
antivirus, haematology disorder treatment, and antitumor applications. In non-food and
non-medicine applications, papaya leaves are also used as a bioherbicides, ectoparasite
controls, and larvicides. As a nutritional supplement, the fruit can be used as a detoxifier
and as a metabolism inducer

Herbal extracts are primarily added to cosmetic preparations due to several associated
properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. The lotion
as topical suspensions, solutions and emulsions are usually serve as vehicles for topically
applied drugs, as emollients, or as protective or occlusive dressings, or they may be
applied to the skin and membranes such as the rectal, buccal, nasal, and vaginal mucosa,
urethral membrane, external ear lining, or the cornea. But the serious problems associated
with the formulation and manufacture of topical–mucosal preparations is the
establishment of reliable techniques for their characterization, mainly because of the
complexity of their physical structure.

Herbal remedies enrich the body with nutrients and other useful minerals. There is
increased scientific evidence that plants possess a vast and complex arsenal of active

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B. Pharmacy VII Semester, 2023-24 INTRODUCTION

ingredients which not only have the ability to calm or smooth the skin but also to restore
actively, heal and protect the skin. An herbal lotion that can give effective protection to
skin and free from any toxicity or toxic residue or irritation when regularly used should
be cosmetically acceptable. The objective of the present paper was development of
formulation of lotion from herbal extracts and their evaluation. Several medicinal plants
have been used as cosmetics since time immemorial, and showed promising effects on
various skin infections like acne, blackheads, age spots, skin rashes, skin allergy, ageing
of skin, wrinkles, skin whitening agents etc.

1.1 Present Status: Herbalists today, believe to help people build their good health with
the help of natural sources. Herbs are considered to be food rather than medicine
because they’re complete, all-natural and pure, as nature intended. When herbs are
taken, the body starts to get cleansed, it gets purifying itself. Unlike chemically
synthesized, highly concentrated drugs that may produce many side effects, herbs can
effectively realign the body’s defenses. Herbs do not produce instant cures, but rather
offer a way to put thebodyinpropertunewithnature.3 for thousands of years, humans
have used herbs. Herbs have been used in the following ways – In cooking for
flavoring foods, as perfumes, as disinfectants, to protect us against germs, as
medicines to heal when we are sick
.
1.2 Herbal Extracts For Cosmetics: Herbal extracts as the name suggests, is the extract
of herbs. Herbal extracts are an ancient methodology as its references have been
discovered in holy Vedas and in unani scriptures. Herbals extracts are processed for
curing several remedies and serve other health prospective. In the extraction process,
the herbs are smashed in a bowl to squeeze out the juice. Later the liquefied juice is
mixed with essential substances to prepare the herbal extracts. There exist a gigantic
variety of herbal extracts, to name a few Andrographis Paniculata (Kalmegh),
Asparagus Racemosus (Shatawari), Boswellia Serrata (Salai Guggal), Asphalt
(Shilajit) etc. Some other frequently used herbal extracts are
AzadirachtaIndica (Neem), Bacopa Monnieri (Brahmi), Camellia Sinensis (Green
tea) etc. In addition to this Centella Asiatica (Mandukparni), Cassia Angustifolia
(Sena), ChlorophytumBorivilianum (Safed Musli) and Pudina are some of the prime
herbal extracts used in our daily lives. Herbal extracts in liquid and other forms have
proved to be panacea in the diseases like cardiac problems, digestive disorders and in
mental fatigues. In some cases, herbal extracts accuracy was detected more than
English medicines which are usually comprised of complex chemicals. Herbal
extracts have very less chances of side effects than any other medicines. That is why
herbal extracts are said to be common man same Medicines and drugs.3 Herbal
extracts have shown commercial aspects as well. Herbal extracts are cultivated all
over the world and is prime name in horticulture sector. In the present, masses are

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drifting towards nature and several cosmetics, fashionable items and others are
prepared from it. Cosmetics made up of herbal extracts for anti-marks, fairness,
cleansing and hair-care are very popular for their reliability.

1.3 Herbalism Today: Herbs are generally defined as non-woody plants, which die after
blooming. This definition has been expanded to any of the plants of which part or
whole can be used in medicinal treatments, culinary preparations (as seasonings),
nutritional supplementation, or used as a coloring or cosmetic agent. Fresh herbals
and medicinal plants can be acquired by gathering them in wild conditions, growing
them in your own personal garden, or buying them from other gardeners and health
food stores from the germ theory of disease and the advent of antibiotics to combat
various infections; it appeared as if infectious diseases were a thing of the past. With
the realization that chemical medicines are not always “magic bullets” and may carry
serious side effects, herbalism and ancient medicines are making a comeback. Our
challenge now is to ensure that valued botanicals should remain abundant for future
generations, prepared by steeping in boiling water to be drunk as a tea, they are
known as an infusion. If these dried herbs get simmered in hot water, they are called
as decoction. If gets incorporated in with other ingredients and made into cream, they
are viewed as an herbal ointment. Sometimes used an Herbal compress where piece
of cloth is soaked in an infusion or decoction and is wrapped and applied externally.
If herbs are used to cleanse and heal externally, they are called herbal wash. Herbal
infusions and decoctions can also be used as herbal bath for relaxation and healing.
Always follow the recommended dosages on your preparations and recipes
because over-use of herbs can defeat the purpose for which you are using them.
Some of the most beneficial herbs can prove to be toxic if over used.

1.4 Indian Extracts for Herbal Cosmetics: Herbs play a significant role, especially in
modem imes, when the damaging effects of food processing and overmedication have
assumed alarming proportions. They are now being increasingly cosmetics, foods and
teas, as well as alternative medicines. The growing interest in herbs is a part of the
movement towards change in life-styles. This movement is based on the belief that
the plants have a vast potential for their use as a curative medicine.

1.4.1 Osmium sanctum: Tulsi is cultivated for religious and traditional medicine
purposes, and also for its essential oil. It is widely used as a herbal tea, commonly
used in Ayurveda, and has a place within the Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism, in
which devotees perform worship involving holy basil plants or leaves. Ocimum
tenuiflorum, commonly known as holy basil or tulsi, is an aromatic perennial
plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is native to tropical and subtropical regions of

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Australia, Malesia, Asia, and the western Pacific. It is widely cultivated

throughout the Southeast Asian tropics This plant has escaped from cultivation
and has naturalized in many tropical regions of the Americas. It is an agricultural
and environmental weed.

1.4.2 Azadirachtaindica: Azadirachtaindica, commonly known as neem, margosa,

nimtree or Indian lilac, is a tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae. It is one of
two species in the genus Azadirachta. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and to
parts of Southeast Asia, but is naturalized and grown around the world in tropical
and subtropical areas. Its fruits and seeds are the source of neem oil. Nim is a
Hindustani noun derived from Sanskrit nimba .Products made from margosa trees
have been used in the traditional medicine of India for centuries, for treating skin
troubles and rheumatism,but there is insufficient clinical evidence to indicate any
benefits of using margosa for medicinal purposes. In adults, no specific doses
have been established, and short-term use of margosa appears to be safe, while
long-term use may harm the kidneys or liver; in small children, margosa oil is
toxic and can lead to death.Margosa may also cause miscarriages, infertility, and
low blood sugar.

1.4.3 Carica papaya: The papaya papaw, or pawpaw is the plant species Carica
papaya, one of the 21 accepted species in the genus Carica of the family
Caricaceae. It was first domesticated in Mesoamerica, within modern-day
southern Mexico and Central America. It is grown in several countries in regions
with a tropical climate. In 2020, India produced 42% of the world’s supply of
papayas. In traditional medicine, papaya leaves have been used as a treatment for
malaria, an abortifacient, a purgative, or smoked to relieve asthma.

2.0 APPLICATIONS OF HERBAL PRODUCT IN COSMETICS:

(i) Herbal Skin Care Products: Lavender Silk Soaps, Lotions creams, Body
powder, Lavender Herbal body powder, 7 Skin Care Creams.

(ii) Herbal Hair Care Cosmetics: Henna (LawsoniaInermis), Amla (Emblica

Officinalis), Shikakai (Acacia Concinna), Brahmi (Bacopa Monnieri), Bhringraj
(Eclipta Alba), Guar Gum (Cyamopsistetragonolobus).

(iii) Herbal Lip Care Cosmetics: Herbal Lipsticks, Herbal Lip Gloss, Herbal Lip
Balm, Herbal Lip plumper.

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B. Pharmacy VII Semester, 2023-24 INTRODUCTION

(iv) Advantages over existing process / product: Aroma – mood lifting, anti-
depressant, anti-stress, sensual pleasure providing, creative thought inducing,
anxiety reducing, refreshing, stimulant, soothing, fragrant & antimicrobial.
Composition has improved moisturizing effect.

(v) Herbal Eye Care Cosmetics: Eye Make Up, Eye Shadows, Eye Gloss, Liquid
Eye Liners.

(vi) Creams: Aloe Moisturizing Hand Cream, Rich Face and Hand Cream, Herbal
Moisturizers.

(vii)Herbal Oils: Herbal oils are Effective for Baldness, Falling of Hair, Thinning of
Hair, Dandruff, and Irritation & Itching of Scalp, Patchy Baldness, and
Maintenance of fine head of Hair.

(viii) Herbal Perfumes & fragrances: Citrus Fragrance: The light, fresh
character of citrus notes (bergamot, orange, lemon, petit grain, mandarin etc...) is
often combined with more feminine scents (flowers, fruits and chypre). Chypre
Fragrance: Based on a woody, mossy and flowery complex, sometimes with
aspects. Chypre fragrances smell slightly dry, not very sweet. Oceanic Lifestyle:
Sporty, young, joyous, energetic, understated.

Table 1: Marketed Products of Herbal Cosmetics:

Category Products Brand name Manufacturer

Amazine Herbal Amazing

Face Pack Scars Face Pack Herbal
Remedies,
New
Delhi
Amazine herbal Amazine India
Massge Gel fruit massage Marketing Pvt.
gel Ltd.
Drjain’sfor Dr.Jain's
Gel estcucumb Forest
Herbal Skin
er gel Herbals
Care
Private
Limited
Combii Organo
Face Wash Combi neem face chem. Pvt. Ltd
wash

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B. Pharmacy VII Semester, 2023-24 INTRODUCTION

Vicco laboratories,
Cream Vicco turmeric India
cream

Face Scrub Aloe indica face Aloei

scrub ndica.pvt.ltd
Gayatri papaya Gayatri Herbals
Cold Cream &strawberry Pvt.Ltd
cold cream
Agarwal
Face Powder Aloe indica face Herbal
scrub
Products
Agarwal honey Agarwal
Shampoo
aloe vera shampoo Herbal
Products
Himalaya The Himalaya
Antidandruff
antidandruff drug company,
shampoo
shampoo banglore
Radico neem &
Hair oil amala hair oil Radico. pvt.ltd
Herbal hair care
Aroma sikakai
Hair gel & tulsi hair gel Aroma Treasures

Vedicoaloevar
Hair conditioner Vedico Bio Labs
e hair
conditioner
Crown heena Crown
Hair colours hair colours herbals.
pvt.ltd
Prakriti sesam Prakriti
Hair oil gold hair oil Herbals,
Bangalore
Komet Kometkozmetiksa
Lip gloss kozmetik ntic.ltd
.sti
lipgloss
Herbal lip care Ruhi
Lip plumper Ruhi lip plumper cosmetics-
India
Kamey
Lipstick Kamey lipstick
cosmetics-
India

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B. Pharmacy VII Semester, 2023-24 INTRODUCTION

Lip balm Pallido lip balm Pallido .pvt.ltd

Eye shadow Matrix eye shadow Matrix exim-

India
Tonnie
Eyeliners Tonnie eye liners cosmeticsco.l
td

Mascaras Uniclor mascaras Unicolopvt.ltd

Herbal eye care
Organic rose
Eye pencils Organic rose eye hip skincare
pencils
Devy
Perfumes Devy perfumes
cosmetics
exports–
India
Always
Deodorants Always deodorants perfumeas-
India

Foundations Carmine Carmine. pvt.ltd

foundations

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Table 2: Ingredient Type and Function Herbal Cosmetics:

3.0 Acknowledgment: We authors would like to thank our college member like librarian,
and all other persons who help us in direct or indirect way to whom we fail to notice. Our
sincere thanks to almighty God for their continuous monitoring of our work till its
completion.

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