What features do you recognize from last week’s field trip?
Newberry Volcano:
“shield-shaped composite”
Field Trip Guide to Newberry Volcano, USGS
Today’s Fun
▶ Review Lecture 4a - Lava Flows & Volcanic
Landforms
▶ CS 2 - Pyroclastic Flows debrief
▶ Review VFT 3 - Newberry Caldera
▶ Introduce Lava Lands & The NW Rift Zone
▶ HW
▶ VFT 4 - Lava Butte
▶ Lecture 5a - CSZ
▶ Supplemental Readings - The Really Big One &
How To Stay Safe
Questions from Lec 4a?
Low Gas High Gas
Low
Silica
(mafic)
High
Silica
(felsic)
Review of Volcanic Landforms
Shields vs Cones vs Domes - match the term to the profile!
Slope of volcanic landform is controlled by viscosity & volatiles
▶ Domes are felsic (high viscosity)
▶ Shields are mafic (low viscosity
▶ Cones are explosive (ash/cinder/pumice falls at angle of repose)
How do we explain stratovolcanoes?
Ash & pyroclastic flows: pale / tan
Lava flows: red / black
How do we explain stratovolcanoes?
▶ “Strato” means “layers”
▶ Silica % varies, on average intermediate (andesite)
▶ Volatile content varies, from lava flows to pyroclastic
flows
Breakout Rooms - share a whiteboard!
Let’s sketch how a stratovolcano is built. Build your
stratovolcano by drawing a cross-section with the
following layers, each on top of the previous. Make sure
to draw realistic slopes (mafic = gentle, felsic = steep)
1) Low silica, low gas eruption
2) Intermediate silica, low gas eruption
3) High silica, low gas eruption
4) Intermediate silica, high gas eruption creating ash
layer and a pyroclastic flow
5) Intermediate silica, low gas eruption
CS 2 - Pyroclastic Flows
Review VFT 3
Breakout room for
Stop 1a What’s up
with the ridge by
the trailhead?
Review VFT 3
Stop 1c What
evidence do you
see for flowing lava
in this image? In the
rocks themselves?
Where is the vent
for the Big Obsidian
Flow?
Youngest eruption
from Newberry,
only 1,300 years
ago!
Breakout for Stop 1d
- What was your hypothesis?
- Is it still plausible?
- What additional info would
confirm/deny?
Breakout for Stop 2a
- Show each other your tuff
sketches
Review VFT 3
Stop 3
- how can hot springs exist without
being near a volcano?
- Why would sulfurous hot springs be
evidence of a magma chamber?
Bend
Why do the NW
Rift Zone flows
stand out so
well?
Newberry’s Northwest Rift Zone
- active ~7,000 years ago
- 15 mile long fissure system with cinder and spatter
cones
- probably formed similarly to Kilauea’s rift zone
- time lapse map of Kilauea 2018 lava flows
Today’s
volcanic
playground:
Lava Butte
What volcanic features
can you identify from
this lidar image?
