Title

The Efficacy of Mimosa Pudica Leaves Extract as an

Alternative Larvicide Against Fly Larvae

A Capstone Project

Presented to the Faculty of

PHINMA Cagayan de Oro College

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the Courses

APP 007: Practical Research II

STM 009: Research in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics

By: FC1-G12-02-STEM GROUP 3

Lago, Edzan Alleiah O. Quidquido Jr., Alvin R. Salvador, Ron Benedict B.

Llagas, Allysa Marie J. Ranido, Jesamae R. Sanchez, Daniel Dave J.

Mahait, Johnson B. Roldan, Kyle Stephanie T. Tadang, Jessriel B.

Moskera, Trishanne Faye P. Sabellina, Genel Grace C. Tampus, Lance Adrian B.

Narisma, Ma. Paula J. Sacay, Nova Princess O, Villa, Raphael Gabriel M.

Olaso, Josiah L. Salinas, Asher P.

March 2024

1
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, praise and thanks to almighty God for his showers of blessings

throughout our research project to complete the research successfully.

We would like to express their deepest gratitude to Ma’am Winjel Egos, the STM 009

advisor, Sir Jeffeir Dayag, the APP 007 advisor, and Sir Konzor Sam S. Locop our COR 016

adviser, who made this work possible. For their trust, advice, support, patience, and guidance

from the start to the completion of the study. Their guidance helped the researchers throughout

their research and the writing of their research project.

To our parents and family, the researchers would also like to extend their gratitude for the

financial support to conduct the research experiment, their moral support and understanding to

accomplish this study, and their guidance. A very special thank you for your parental and

constant guidance.

Lastly, we would also like to thank the fellow classmates for the stimulating discussions,

for the sleepless nights were working together for the deadlines, to the friends who had supported

and encouraged the study, and to the people who willingly helped the study to be able to reach

this far and make this research project possible.

2
 ABSTRACT

This study aims to determine the efficacy of Mimosa Pudica leaves extract as an

alternative fly larvicide. Flies are type of insects that are annoying and disgusting and they easily

spread disease from landing to a contaminated food, into the foods of humans. Simply by landing

on humans, flies have the ability to kill humans. A specific type of fly named House fly is

suspected of transmitting at least 65 diseases including: Dysentry, diarrhea, cholera, typhoid

fever, lepros, antrax, and tularemia. This study used True Experimental Design to establish a

cause and effect relationship between the independent and dependent variable. By using the

experimental research, the researchers will be able to manipulate and control the independent

variable where the M. pudica leaves extract was used in different concentration: 30 ml, 50 ml,

and 60 ml. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of Mimosa pudica leaves

extract as an alternative fly larvicide in terms of mortality and time duration. Key findings

indicate a significant difference among the different concentrations of the larvicide regarding

their effect on larval mortality rates (F(2, 6) = 76, p = 0.00005476). This finding underscores the

importance of considering the concentration levels when assessing the larvicide’s efficacy in

controlling larval populations.

3
 Table of Contents

Page

Title Page ………………………………………………………………………….

Acknowledgements …………………………………………………………………. 2

Abstract …………………………………………………………………………. 3

Table of Contents …………………………………………………………………. 4

List of Tables …………………………………………………………………………. 6

List of Figures …………………………………………………………………………. 6

List of Plates …………………………………………………………………………. 7

List of Appendices ………………………………………………………………….

CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM

Introduction ………………………………………………………………….

Theoretical Framework ………………………………………………….

Conceptual Framework

Schematic Diagram

Objectives

Null Hypothesis

Significance of the Study

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

Definition of Terms

CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

CHAPTER3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

4
 Research Design

Research Setting

Duration and Frequency of the Study

Data Gathering Instruments and Procedure

Data Analysis Instruments and Procedure

CHAPTER4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary

Conclusion

Recommendation

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

A. Letter of Approval

B. Informed Consent

C. The Questionnaire

D. Supplemental Documentation

E. Curriculum Vitae

5
 LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1. Gantt Chart of the Schedule of Activities ………………………………… 9

2.

3.

4.

LIST OF FIGURES

Table Page

1. Figure 1: Schematic Diagram showing the relationship between the independent and

dependent variable ………………………………………………………………………………. …..

2. Figure 3: shows the Sanchez residence at Bonbon, Opol, Misamis Oriental by google

map ………………………………………………………………………….

3.

LIST OF PLATES

Table Page

1. ………………………………..………………………………… 9

2.

3.

6
 CHAPTER 1

The Problem

Introduction

Flies are the type of insects that are annoying and disgusting . Flies are a large number of

insects that are known for using only one pair of wing for flight, and use the remaining pair of

wings to knob or used for balancing (Britannica, 2008). The term fly is commonly used by

people for every small fly insect. However, in etmology, the name refers to specifically to the

approximately 125,000 species of dipterans, or true flies. These insects also plays important in

nature, including pollinating plants, breaking down organic material, and serves as food to other

bugs and animals (Ehrlich, 2020). Although, flies are also known to be harmful to humans.

Flies feed and harvest their larvae on organic decaying materials. This includes fruit,

vegetables, meat, animal, plant secretions and human feces. Because of this, flies easily spread

disease from landing to a contaminated food, into the foods of humans. Simply by landing on

humans, flies have the ability to kill humans. A specific type of fly named House fly is suspected

of transmitting at least 65 diseases to people including: Dysentry, Diarrhea, Cholera, Typhoid

fever, Leprosy, Antrax, and Tularemia (Raid, 2021). Though a lot of chemical based insecticides

were made by manufacturers to lessen the population of flies, side effects of these insecticides

causes damages to the environment and to non-target animals.

Making environmental friendly larvicide is a trend these days. It is the solution the

scientist have made in order to lessen the dangers of harming the environment, by using

botanical extracts as the alternative of chemical based larvicide. According to Susan Racardio

(2016), the Makahiya extract contains different types of pytochemicals. These are alkaloids,

7
flavanoids, saponins, and treterpenes. These pythochemicals can be served as main ingredients to

make an effective larvicide. Thus, a study conducted by Raymond Guevarra (2014), he used the

makahiya extract as an alternative larvicide against mosquito larvae. The results shows that the

makahiya extract with the 60% concentration has the highest mortality rate. Hence, he concluded

that the makahiya extract is an effective larvicide against fly larvae.

Theoretical Framework

BIOCHEMICAL DISRUPTION

Plants have evolved a diverse arsenal of chemical defenses to ward off herbivores and

insects, including larvae. These secondary metabolites, often found in leaves, seeds, and stems,

can disrupt critical larval processes through various mechanisms, hindering their survival and

development. This phenomenon is known as biochemical disruption. The Disruption have 4

Mechanism: the Enzyme Inhibition, Neurotoxicity, Hormone Disruption, and Cell Membrane

Disruption (Aldo eliveri et al., 2019) . Enzyme Inhibition is about certain plant chemicals targets

vital enzymes involved in larval digestion, energy production, or molting (Muhammed Kuddus,

2019). For example, protease inhibitors from legumes bind to digestive enzymes, halting nutrient

absorption in larvae. Ricin from castor beans inhibits protein synthesis, leading to metabolic

dysfunction and death. Neurotoxicity is about plant extracts act as neurotoxins, affecting nerve

signals and receptors (Spencer and Lein, 2022). Nicotine from tobacco disrupts nerve

transmission, causing paralysis in larvae. Pyrethrins from chrysanthemums target specific ion

channels in nerve cells, triggering convulsions and death. Hormone Disruption talks about plant

chemicals can interfere with larval hormone production or signaling pathways (NIH, 2021).

Limonin from neem trees mimics juvenile hormones, preventing metamorphosis and inhibiting

8
reproduction. Juvenoids from certain plants disrupt molting hormones, leading to developmental

abnormalities and stunted growth. And Disruption of Cell Membranes are plant extracts that

have abrasive or caustic properties that damage the delicate exoskeletons of larvae. This can

cause dehydration, suffocation, and internal injuries, leading to death.

Conceptual Framework

This study aims to determine the efficacy of Mimosa Pudica leaves extract as an

alternative fly larvicide. According to a study conducted by Isman (2006), natural products from

locally available plants with larvicide activity represent a low cost sustainable alternative to

protect agricultural production. Furthermore, natural products is much more affordable than

other chemical basedlarvicides. According to Indian J Med Res (2015), one of the most effective

alternative approaches under biological control program is to explore the floral biodiversity and

enter the field of using safer insecticides of botanical origin as a simple and sustainable method

of fly control. Furthermore, unlike conventional insecticides which are based on a single

ingredient, plants derived insecticides comprise botanical blends of chemical compounds which

act concertedly on both behavioral and physiological processes. The Mimosa pudica extract

contains the phytochemical alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and triterpenes. It also contains

antioxidant property (Racadio, 2016). The researchers formed a method where Mimosa pudica

Leaves extract is used as an alternative fly larvicide.

9
 Schematic Diagram

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Mimosa pudica leaves extract in The efficacy of the extract as an
different concentrations: alternative fly larvicide in terms
of:
 30 mL of makahiya leaves extract  Mortality
 50 mL of makahiya leaves extract
 60 ml of makahiya leaves extract

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram showing the relationship between independent and dependent

variable

Objectives

General Objective

This study aims to determine the efficacy of Mimosa pudica leaves extract as an

alternative larvicide against fly larvae.

Specific Objective/s

1. To determine the effectiveness of Mimosa pudica leaves extract as an alternative fly

larvicide in terms of:

1.1 Mortality

2. To identify the efficacy of M. Pudica leaves extract varying on its different amount of

concentration to fly larvae:

a. 30ml of Mimosa Pudica leaves extract

b. 50ml of Mimosa Pudica Leaves extract

10
 c. 60ml of Mimosa Pudica leaves extract

3. To analyze the significant difference among the three makahiya concentrations.

Null Hypothesis

There is no significant difference among the three concentrations of M. Pudica leaves

extract.

Significance of the Study

The primary goal of this study is to provide important information and knowledge about

Mimosa Pudica leaves extract an alternative larvicide for fly larvae. This study conclusions may

be useful to the following people:

Larvicidal Manufacturers. This study will benefit to larvicidal manufacturers as this can be a

reference or a source of information about Mimosa pudica leaves extract as a larvicide.

Parents. The primary goal of this study is to help people to have knowledge about natural

products as an alternative larvicide to flies. This will benefit the parents as they will have a

source of information to which the parents could rely. This will be helpful specially to parents

who’s house are exposed or a potential laying place of flies.

Students. This study will benefit to students who are interested about alternative larvicide to

mosquito larvae. This study could be a primary source of knowledge about Mimosa pudica

leaves extract as an effective alternative larvicide against mosquito larvae.

11
Future Researchers: this study will benefit the future researchers who are interested in Mimosa

pudica Leaves Extract as a larvicide. This research will be a foundation or as a source of data to

their future work.

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

This study aimed to determine the efficacy of M. pudica leaves extract as an alternative

larvicide against fly larvae. The experiment was conducted during the 2nd semester of the

academic year of 2023-2024, at Zone 2, Brgy. BonBon, Opol, Misamis Oriental. The 90 fly

larvae was served as the study’s subject because of the goal of the study where Mimosa pudica

leaves extract was use as an alternative larvicide. The larvae was divided into 9 groups, three

trials per concentration.. The researchers used Mimosa pudica leaves extract only as a primary

ingredient to their larvicide where the researchers observed significant outcomes after pouring

the extract to every sample. The researchers further observe more outcomes after observing the

samples with the extract for 24 hours. The two variables of the study was discussed where

Mimosa pudica leaves extract as an independent variable and the efficacy of the extract as an

alternative mosquito larvicide in terms of mortality and time duration as the dependent variable.

This study did not mention any specific type of fly larvae. This is because the 90 larvae

was collected by exposing food outside the house where any type of fly could get into the food.

This study is focused only to the leaves extract of the makahiya, the researchers did not used the

stem or roots of the plant. The study will only focused on method in the conceptual framework

and will not investigate other related subject and methods.

12
Definition of Terms

For clarity of ideas, the following terms are defined according to how they are used in the

study:

Alkaloid. is a toxin inside of the extract of a plant.

Concentration. the amount of extract dissolved in a solution.

Extract. is a substance obtained by separating a component (extract of the leaves) from a raw

material (mimosa pudica leaves)

Larva. a larva is the second stage of a life cycle of a fly. It first come as an egg layed by the

female fly on rotten foods or organic decaying materials.

Larvae. plural for larva. A group of larva.

Larvicide. is a substance or agent used to kill or control the larvae of insects. Larvicides are

employed to prevent the development of any fly larvae in containers containing rotten food,

garbages, and left over foods, disrupting the fly life cycle and reducing their population.

Mimosa pudica. often known as touch-me-not, is a creeping or perennial plant. It is

distinguished by its peculiar touch response, in which its leaves fold in ward and droop when

touched or disturbed. It is also known as “ Makahiya” in the Philippines.

13
 CHAPTER 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter presents the review of related literature and related studies after an in-depth

look done by the researchers. It explores the use of M. Pudica as an alternative larvicide. This

chapter also reviews and explains the link between the independent and dependent variables.

FOREIGN RELATED LITERATURE

Mimosa pudica known, as chue Mue, is a prostrate shrubby plant with the compound

leaves sensitive to touch, grows as weed in almost all parts of the country (RR, 2010). Mimosa

pudica L. is a creeping annual or perennial herb often grown for its curiosity value, as the

Compound leaves fold inward and droop when touched and reopens within minutes

(Ethnobotanical leaflets, 2009). According to Craker Simon (2009), the Mimosa pudica plant is

toxic to animals. He stated that the extract of the plant can cause hair loss to goats as well as

other animals. Consumption of Mimosa pudica enlarged the goiters in calves of dairy cattles

(Lydoon, 2019).

The challenge of finding sustainable alternatives to these synthetic insecticides has led to

the bio-prospecting of plants with repellent and toxicological properties (Osipitan et al., 2012).

Several experiments using plant extracts and powders in human and animal health protection,

agriculture and in household pest management have been particularly promising. Although a

number of studies have empirically evaluated the use of extracts or powders from several

indigenous plant species against insect pests (Habiba et al., 2010, Addisu et al., 2014, Uyi and

Osarieme 2016), but little is known about the use of extracts from invasive alien plants to control

these noxious species (Uyi and Obi, 2017; Uyi and Osarieme, 2016). According to Center for

14
disease control and Prevention (2020), A larvicide is a type of insecticide used to control

mosquitoes indoors and outdoors around your home. They work by killing mosquito larvae

before they can grow into adults. Some formulations are activated when ingested by the

mosquitoes, and some formulations work when they come into contact with the larvae.Almost

everyone has been bitten by a mosquit. Galuh Tresnani,(2022) that Mimosa pudica leaves

contain of metabolites such as tannin, flavonoid and alkaloid which have the anthelmintic effects.

This effect would be expected to minimalize the infection of parasitic worm, Ascaridia galli in

chicken. The research aim was to determine the effectivity of ethanol extract from mimosa

leaves to A. galli worms in vitro. Mimosa leaves were extracted using maceration process. Worm

samples were grouped randomly, consists of the positive control (Piperazine 1%), negative

control (CMC Na 0,5%) and the treatment groups (10%, 20% and 50% of extract concentration).

Mortality and paralysis data from the worm samples were collected and then analyzed using

Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney Test. The phytochemical analysis showed that mimosa leaves

extract contains all the secondary metabolite which can cause paralysis and mortality of A. galli.

The 50% concentration of mimosa leaves extract can cause paralysis in 90 minutes equal with

the positive control. The mortality time achieved by positive control, 50%, 20% and 10% of

ethanol extract of mimosa leaves sequentially as follows 120, 270, 645 and 780 minutes.

LOCAL RELATED LITERATURE

Mimosa pudica Linn, known as “makahiya” in Filipino, and “Babain” in Iloko is a

popular ornamental plant, as its leaves fold up when stimulated by touch, heat or wind. (WD

Balag-ey et al, 2010) The seeds and other parts of the Mimosa pudica Linn plant contain

mimosine, and extracts of the plant have been shown in scientific trials to be a moderate diuretic,

can depress duodenal contractions similar to atrophine sulphone, can promote regeneration of

15
nerves, and reduce menorrhagia. The roots and leaves are commonly used in treatment. (Balag-

ey et al, 2010).

Makahiya, also known as Mimosa pudica, is a fascinating plant renowned for its unique

“shy” characteristic of rapidly folding its leaves upon touch. However, this plant holds potential

beyond its intriguing movement. Several studies have explored its various properties, with a

particular focus on its insecticidal and other bioactive potential. Research suggests promising

larvicidal activity against various mosquito species, including Aedes aegypti (dengue fever

vector), Culex quinquefasciatus (filariasis vector), and Anopheles stephensi (malarial vector).

Studies like Govindarajan et al. (2008) and Sharma et al. (2007), demonstrate significant

mortality rates at different extract concentrations and exposure times. This makes Makahiya a

potential candidate for eco-friendly mosquito control, especially in resource-limited settings.

Active Compounds: The larvicidal activity is attributed to various phytochemicals present in the

plant, such as alkaloids, tannins, and saponins. Senthilkumar et al. (2009) identified specific

alkaloids responsible for larvicidal activity against Anopheles stephensi. Further research to

isolate and characterize these active compounds could pave the way for development of potent

biopesticides.

FOREIGN RELATED STUDIES

Mimosa pudica L. is one of the important medicinal plants. It was first formally described

by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum in 1753 (‘Mimosa pudica’. Australian Plant Name Index

(APNI), IBIS database).The generic name “Mimosa” is derived from the Greek ‘mimos’

(meaning mimic) alluding to the fact that the leaves move in response to something moving

against them. The specific epithet is taken from the Latin word ‘pudica’ meaning bashful or

16
shrinking to contact (Barneby 1991). Mimosa is a genus of about 400 species of herbs and shrubs,

in the sub-family.

A study conducted by Vannisa Al Khalish(2012), used Mimosa pudica leaves extract as

pytho-larvacide on mortality of mosquito larvae. The study used randomized design consisted of

8 treated group and one control group with replication performed 4 times. The sample consisted

of 720 Aedes Aegypti larvae wich had reached in star III/IV with purposive sampling technique.

Each test group contained 20 larvae in 200 ml of solution with serial concentrations of extracts 1,

2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 12.5, and 15 mg/ml. Studies by Govindarajan et al. (2008) and Sharma et al. (2007)

demonstrated significant mortality rates for different mosquito species like Aedes aegypti, Culex

quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles stephensi at varied extract concentrations and exposure times.

Most studies show a dose-dependent response, with higher concentrations leading to higher

mortality rates. Time-dependent effects are also observed, with longer exposure leading to

increased mortality. Sameeh Mansour et al.,(2011) The results of the initial assay of extracts

showed that 11 extracts induced 100% mortality of Musca domestica larvae at 1000 ppm. Other

two extracts from Opuntia vulgaris and Saccharum sp. caused only 0.0 and 5.5% mortality,

respec- tively. At 100 ppm concentration, the toxicity ranged be- tween 15.7% for Punica

granatum to 100% for Piper nigrum extracts. The active plant extracts sub- jected to detailed

investigation revealed that Piper nigrum was the most toxic (I.C_{50}=\$0.1 ppm) and the least

active was Punica granatum extract (LC0213.9 ppm) The larvicidal toxicity of the tested plant

extracts, based on LC_{50} values suggests the following toxicity order: Piper ni- gram>

Azadirachta indica Conyza aegyptiaca > Cichorium intybus Sonchus oleraceus Citrus aurannfo-

lia Eucalyptus globulus (leaves) Eucalyptus globulus (fruits) Salix safsaf Zea maysPunica

granatum. At the level of LC values. Piper nigrum extract showed the high- est larval toxicity

17
(105.3 ppm), and Punica granatum extract was the lowest (278.1 ppm). The slope of regression

lines ranged between 5.1 for Piper nigrum extract and 16.9 for Salix safsaf extract, indicating

different degree of homogene- ity or heterogeneity of the test insect against the bioassayed

botanical extracts. The insecticides were highly toxic to the housefly larvae (LC 0.029, 0.03, 0.61

and 0.64 ppm, for deltamethrin, methomyl, chlorpyrifos and flufenoxuron, respectively) and the

slope values ranged between 2.1 and 5.8.

Kweka et al. (2005) observed varying efficacies against Aedes aegypti and Culex

quinquefasciatus, suggesting potential species-specific differences in susceptibilityWhile the

exact mechanism remains unclear, Senthilkumar et al. (2009) identified specific alkaloids

responsible for larvicidal activity against Anopheles stephensi.

LOCAL RELATED STUDUES

According to Berzaldo (2015) that the 60% makahiya had the highest percentage

mortality. In the Pairwise Comparison test, 30% still had all 18 replicates and 50% still had 15

replicates that still had larvae that were alive after 2 hours, while there were none in the 60%.

After 2 hours only the 60% concentration and the positive control had the same result. The

Mann-Whitney test showed that the loner time exposure of the larvae to the makahiya extract,

the higher the percentage mortality. According to Lampa (2019) Mimosa pudica (Makahiya) has

shown a higher larvicidal potential against mosquito larva. This implies that makahiya leaves can

be an effective larvicide to control the population of mosquito vector. The potential of Mimosa

pudica (Makahiya) leaves as an alternative mosquito larvicide. Results showed that the 100%

ethanol extract had the fastest extermination time among the four applied concentrations, with

the lowest time span of death and mortality. The study also demonstrated an inverse relationship

between the extermination time and the concentration of the ethanol treatments, as well as that

18
the 30% ethanol extract did not surpass the capacity of extermination of the 100% ethanol, even

though the time span of mortality was close. The study suggests that makahiya leaves can be an

effective larvicide for mosquito vector control, reducing the risk of mosquito-borne disease ( MD,

2019).

A study conducted by Almeria (2019), used makahiya extract as an insecticide to

Philippine white termite. The study aims to The researchers used 20 Termites and was

distributed to different extract. The study showed 71.67% of mortality rate average in using the

leaves extract of the Mimosa pudica and showed 81.33 % of mortality rate average in using the

stem extract of the plant. The study concluded that the makahiya (Mimosa pudica) plant is an

effective insecticide against termites. The study uses flour cloth, spray bottles, measuring cups,

strainer, pot, and blender for the set up. The researchers gathered Mimosa pudica Leaves and

Stems. They gathered 240 Philippine Milk Termite.

19
 CHAPTER 3

Research Methodology

This chapter presents the overview of the research method of the study. This chapter

presents the Research Design, Research Setting, Duration and Frequency of the study, Data

Gathering Instruments and procedure, and Data Analysis Instrument and Procedure.

Research Design

This study used True Experimental Design to establish a cause and effect relationship

between the independent and dependent variable. The researchers used random assignment in

grouping the larvae. According to Lavrakas et al. (2019), True experimental design have four

elements: manipulation, control, random assignment, and random selection. The most important

of these elements are manipulation and control. Manipulation means that something is changed

by the researchers within the environment purposefully. By using the experimental research, the

researchers will be able to manipulate and control the independent variable where the M. pudica

leaves extract was used in different concentration: 30 ml, 50 ml, and 60 ml. The researchers then

observed and took data for outcome of the dependent variable where the researchers determined

the efficacy of M. pudica leaves extract in terms of mortality and the time duration. Using the

table in the data gathering, the researchers keep track of the data that was gathered.

20
Research Settings

Figure 3.1 Shows the map of the Sanchez residence at Zone 2, Bonbon, Opol, Misamis Oriental

by google map

The study was conducted for 2 days during the second semester of academic year 2023-

2024 at Zone 2, Bonbon, Opol, Misamis Oriental. The researchers chose to conduct the

experiment in the Sanchez residence at Opol because of the availability of the materials and

equipment needed for the experiment. The area outside the house was also spacious enough for

us to conduct the experiment. The experiement needed a spacious and open area to conduct the

experiment because this experiment used rotten fish gills and giblets to gather fly larvae. The fish

gills and giblets has a foul smell when its decomposed.

21
Duration and Frequency of the Study

The study aimed to determine the efficacy of M. pudica leaves extract as an alternative

fly larvicide. The researchers conducted the experiment for 2 days to observe the efficacy of the

extract in terms of mortality and time duration. During the 2 day process, the researchers made

the extract in different concentration, gather the materials, gathered and separate the larvae in 3

groups in different concentration, conducted and observed the experiment.

Data Gathering Instruments and Procedure

A. Preparatory

In preparation for the experiment, the researchers gathered materials needed for gathering

the fly larva, procedure and materials in preparing the decomposed food, and the preparation of

the extract using M. Pudica leaves. The materials are explained by the following:

The materials needed for the preparation of the fly larvae are round aluminum small

baking pan and plastic spoons. The round aluminum small pan was used as a substitute for the

22
petri dish. The experiment needed a deep container in order for the fly larvae to not escape. The

spoon was used to scoop the larvae from the plastic bottles that contain the decomposed fish gills

and goblets. The researchers have used masks and disposable gloves in order to shield them from

the foul smell of the decomposed food, and to maintain cleanliness and sanitation.

The procedure and materials in preparing for the decomposed food was fish gills and

goblets, 4 plastic bottles, and plastic ropes. The plastic bottles was cut with a hole measuring 2

inches by 2 inches, a small hole enough for the fly to pass through. After cutting the hole, the

researchers then put the fish gills and goblets into the bottles. The researchers then ties a knot in

the bottles in order for them to be hang in an area where cats, rats, and other animals can’t reach.

The food was exposed for 3 days in order for the larvae to mature for 1 day, as it only takes for 2

days for the food to be filled with fly larvae. A study conducted by Nicholas R. et. Al (2023),

used plastic container filled with a mixture of expired diet, fruits/vegetables, and kitchen waste in

order to produce fly larvae.

The materials needed in the preparation of the M. Pudica leaves extract are mortar and

pestle, measuring cup, spray bottles, weighing scale, and the makahiya leaves. After drying the

leaves, the mortar and pestle was used as a tool to get the extract out from the makahiya leaves.

It was used to grind and mix the the dried leaves with the water to get the extract out of the

leaves. The measuring cups were used to measure the leaves extract for every concentration,

while the weighing scale was used to weigh the makahiya leaves after drying. After measuring

the extract for every concentration, the researchers then put the the extract into the spray bottles.

B. Data Gathering

The researchers have made an Observation Table in gathering the data in their research

study. By using the observation table, the researchers were able to properly take notes about the

23
results of their study. Presented below are tables that was modified in accordance with the

research study. The Observation Table is consists of the number of trials, the concentration, and

the observation in terms of the number of death in a certain time period.

Table 4.1Shows the total number of death per trial of the three concentration using M. Pudica

leaves extract in 24 hour time exposure

Total number of Total number of Total number of

Concentration death in Trial 1 death in Trial 2 death in Trial 3 Mortality rate

(in 24 hours) (in 24 hours) (in 24 hours)

30 mL

50 mL

60 mL

The table above is what the researchers had construct to acquire the mortality rate of the

extract and its time duration and the observation table on each concentration. The researchers

used the formula on finding the mean value in order to find the average of dead larva in each

concentration. According to James Chen (2021), the arithmetic mean value is used to measure a

mean, or average. It simply involves taking the sum of a group of numbers, then dividing that

sum by the count of the numbers used in the series. Therefore, the mean is also the average.

Data Analysis Instrument and Procedure

The study used ANOVA and The Man Whitney Test for statistical instrument and

analysis.

24
ANOVA

ANOVA is a statistical method used to test for differences between the means of two or

more group. The ANOVA has three types: One-way ANOVA, Two-way ANOVA, and Factorial

ANOVA. ANOVA compares the variation between group means to the variation within the

groups. If the variation between group means is significantly larger than the variation within

groups, it suggests a significant difference between the means of the groups. One-Way Analysis

of Variance (ANOVA) tells you if there are any statistical differences between the means of

three or more independent groups. The study will be using One- way ANOVA to statistically

identify the difference of the three concentration of Mimosa pudica leaves extract. According to

Berzaldo (2015), ANOVA can be use on comparing the differences between the variables.

The Mann-Whitney Test

The study used The Mann-Whitney test to determine the mortality rate of the Mimosa

pudica leaves extract as a larvicide. The equation below will be used as the formula to determine

the mortality rate average of the data.

Mortality % = (������ �� ���� ������) /(������ �� ���� ������)×100

Where:

Mortality % = mortality rate of larvae

25
 CHAPTER 4

Results and Discussion

This chapter presents the result and discussion of the experiment conducted by the

researchers within 1 day of testing the efficacy of the fly larvicide using M. pudica leaves extract

in three trials per different concentration. The researchers used the observation table in order to

collect and gather data during the 24 hour of observing the efficacy of the Makahiya extract in

different concentrations. The amount of treatment in every trials is 100 ml with 12 counts of

spray per 15 minutes.

A. To determine the efficacy of Mimosa pudica leaves extract as an alternative larvicide

against fly larvae, in terms of:

1.1 Mortality

Table 4.1Shows the total number of death per trial of the three concentration using M. Pudica

leaves extract in 24 hour time exposure

Total number of Total number of Total number of

Concentration death in Trial 1 death in Trial 2 death in Trial 3 Mortality rate

(in 24 hours) (in 24 hours) (in 24 hours)

30 mL 3 4 3 0.33% or 33%

50 mL 5 6 7 0.6% or 60%

60 mL 10 10 10 1% or 100%

The table above shows the mortality rate of each concenteation with a time duration

of 24 hours each. In analyzing the data that was gathered, the study used Mann-Whitney Test

in order to calculate the morality rate of each concentration. According to Mann-Whitney

26
 Test, the concentration with the highest mortality rate is 60 ml concentration with a rate of

100 %. The second highest mortality rate is 50 ml concentration, and the lowest mortality

rate is 30 ml concentration.

B. To identify the efficacy of Mimosa pudica leaves extract varying on its different
amount of concentration to fly larvae.

Table 4.3 Observation Table of the 30 ml concentration of the extract

The table above shows the result of using makahiya extract in 30 ml concentration. This

table shows that changes starts to occur in the 30 minute exposure. A total of 4 larva in three

trials was observed barely moving in the 30 minute time exposure. According to Ranjet et al.

(2013), alkaloid, a certain phytochemical of makahiya can cause stiffness to larvae through

entering its nervous system. According to the theory of Biochemical Disruption, the kind of

mechanism that causes disrupts to the nervous system is called neurotoxicity. The theory

supports the result where the alkaloids of the extract have enter the nervous system of the larvae

after 30 minute exposure resulting to stiffness to the movement of the larvae. And then in 45

minute exposure, the larvae that were barely moving was considered dead when the larvae were

not moving. After a 24 hour exposure, there are a total of 10 larva dead out of 30 larva used.

27
From table 4.1, shows that the mortality rate of the 30 ml concentration was only 0.3% which is

the lowest rate out of all the three concentrations.

Table 4.4 Observation Table of the 50 ml concentration of the extract.

The table above shows that in the 50 ml concentration, the total dead larva is 18 out of 30

larva used in the experiment. In the 15 minute exposure, 1 larva was observed to be barely

moving in just a small amount of time exposure compared to the 30 ml concentration. After a 30

minute of exposure, the 1 barely moving larva was considered dead when it was no longer

moving after poking it lightly with a plastic spoon. The time of death of the larva was faster in

this concentration is because of the treatment. According to Berzaldo et al. (2015), the mortality

of the extract is directly proportional to its concentration and its time exposure. This is because

the increase of concentration is the increase of effect (Guevarra, 2015). The makahiya leaves

extract contains bioactive compounds that contains toxic properties that can kill larvae

(Grandhijara, 2009). The result from table 4.1 shows that the 50 ml concentration has a high

mortality rate, second to the 6o ml concentration.

28
Table 4.5 Observation table of 60 ml concentration

The table 4.5 shows the result of the observation of 60 ml concentration of the makahiya

leaves extract. In this concentration, many changes have observed by the researchers. First, in 15

minutes exposure there are already affected larvae. This is because of the high concentration of

the M. pudica in this treatment. As what Berzaldo et al.,(2015) discussed, the mortality of the

extract is greatly proportional to the concentration and time exposure of the larvae. This is

because the higher the concentration of the extract to the fly larvae and longer time exposure is

equal to the increase of the mortality of the extract.

C. To analyze the significant difference among the three concentrations .

Table 4.5 significant difference among the three concentrations

Source DF Sum of Mean F Statistic P-value

Square Square
Groups (between 2 67.5556 33.7778 76 0.00005476
groups)
Error (within groups) 6 2.6667 0.4444
Total 8 70.2222 8.7778

The analysis results indicate a significant difference among the different concentrations

of the larvicide regarding their effect on larval mortality rates (F(2, 6) = 76, p = 0.00005476).

29
Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected, suggesting that at least one concentration of the

larvicide has a different effect compared to the others. This finding underscores the importance

of considering the concentration levels when assessing the larvicide’s efficacy in controlling

larval populations

30
 Chapter 5

Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation

Summary

The research determines the the effectiveness of Mimosa pudica leaves extract as an

alternative larvicide against fly larvae. The methods involved conducting three trials per different

concentration of each set-up and observing the makahiya extract for 24 hours. The study

highlights the efficacy of extract of Mimosa pudica against fly larvae. The analysis results

indicate a significant difference among the different concentrations of the larvicide regarding

their effect on larval mortality rates (F(2, 6) = 76, p = 0.00005476). The results after a 24 hour

exposure, in the 30mL concentration there are a total of 10 larva dead out of 30 larva used. It

shows that the mortality rate of the 30 mL concentration was only 0.3% which is the lowest rate

out of all the three concentrations. Additionally, in 50 mL concentration there are a total of 18

larva dead out of 30 larva used. It shows that the 50 mL concentration has a high mortality rate,

second to the 60 mL concentration. Lastly, in 60 mL concentration there are a total of 30 larva

dead out of 30 larva used. This is because the higher the concentration of the extract to the fly

larvae and longer time exposure is equal to the increase of the mortality of the extract. This

finding underscores the importance of considering the concentration levels when assessing the

larvicide’s efficacy in controlling larval populations. The relevance of this study lies in its

contribution to sustainable pest control practices, potential applications in disease prevention,

and the promotion of environmentally friendly approaches to managing pest populations. By

highlighting the significance of concentration levels in larvicide effectiveness, the research offers

31
valuable insights that can inform future strategies for controlling insect pests and safeguarding

public health.

Conclusion

The goal of this study is to determine the effectiveness of Mimosa Pudica leaves extract

as an alternative fly larvicide. To do so, the researchers conduct three trials per different

concentration of each set-up and observed each concentration for 24 hours. After a 24-hour

exposure, the study found that the 30mL concentration of Mimosa pudica extract resulted in the

lowest larval mortality rate at 0.33%, with 10 out of 30 larvae dead. In contrast, the 50mL

concentration had a higher mortality rate, with 18 out of 30 larvae dead, coming second to the

60mL concentration where all 30 larvae were dead. The extract was able to eliminate fly larvae

in an effective pace based on the mortality rate gained from using the Mann-Whitney Test. It was

further strengthen by ANOVA, when it showed a 0.33% mortality rate in our lowest

concentration of 30 ml, and a guaranteed 100% mortality rate when the concentration was

doubled into 60 ml. Overall, the higher the concentration of the Mimosa pudica leaves extract to

the fly larvae and longer time exposure means an increase on the mortality rate of the extract.

This study shows that there is a significant difference between the 3 concentration. Proving that

it is an effective alternative fly larvicide.

Recommendation

This study can serve as a foundation for future research on Mimosa pudica leaves extract

as a larvicide. Researchers can build upon the findings of this study to explore different aspects,

such as the optimal concentration of the extract, its efficacy against different fly species, or its

32
potential impact on non-target organisms. Having natural alternatives to chemical pesticides is a

great advantage, especially for those with children or pets. Mimosa pudica extract, if proven

effective and safe, could be a valuable tool for fly control around the house. This would help

create a safer environment for their families. This study can introduce students to the concept of

using botanical extracts for pest control. It can be a stepping stone for further research into

natural insecticides and their potential applications.

33
 References

Ai, H., Wang, F., Xia, Y., Chen, X., & Lei, C. (2012). Antioxidant, antifungal and antiviral

activities of chitosan from the larvae of housefly, Musca domestica L. Food Chemistry,

132(1), 493–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.033

Aljameeli, M. M., & Shaher, F. M. (2021). Larvicidal activity of selected plant extracts against

the screwworm fly Chrysomya albiceps. Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia, 18(3),

487–495. https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/2934

Budi Arianto, Khairunnisa Khairunnisa, Wiwit Aditama, Zulfikar Zulfikar (2023)

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377172641_Pengaruh_insektisida_organik_ekst

rak_daun_pepaya_dalam_pengendalian_lalat_rumah_Musca_domestica

Famela Mae Berzaldo, Carmy Lea Lim, Diane Faye Ponteres, Chan Song Son, Marose Y. Abello

(2015) Larvicidal potential of makahiya (Mimosa pudica) against culicidine mosquito

larvae. https://www.herdin.ph/index.php?view=research&cid=72596

Kalyanasundaram, M., & Das, P. K. (1985). Larvicidal synergistic activity of plant extracts for

mosquitocontrol.ResearchGate.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/20291463_Larvicidal_synergistic_activity_of_pl

ant_extracts_for_mosquito_control

Kiran Liaqat, Rana Muhammad Mazhar Ali, Daniyal Ikram, Sameer Anwar (2023)

www.researchgate.net/publication/374848663_Effectiveness_of_botanical_extracts_as_la

rvicides_and_oviposition_deterrents_against_house_fly_Musca_domestica

Lampa, M. D. (2019). The Larvicidal Activity of the Mimosa pudica (Makahiya) Leaves Against

Larvae. https://ojs.aaresearchindex.com/index.php/AAJMRA/article/view/4388

34
N. Gandhiraja, S. Sriram,* V. Meenaa, J. Kavitha Srilakshmi, C. Sasikumar and R.Rajeswari

(2009) Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of the Plant Extracts of

Mimosa pudica L. Against Selected Microbes

Nzeakor, T. A., Udobi, M. I., Eke, I. G., Ezeh, I. O., Idika, K. I., Eze, U. U., Dan‐Jumbo, S. O., &

Nwosu, C. (2021). Evidence-based investigations into the ethnoveterinary use of Mimosa

pudica L. (Fabaceae) as an anthlemintic. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research,

19(12), 2623–2630. https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v19i12.21

Orkin () House Fly Facts | Get Rid of House Flies https://www.orkin.com/pests/flies/house-flies

Prayudhy Yushananta, Mei Ahyanti (2022). Piper betle as bio-pesticides for house flies (musca

domestica) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362968334_Piper_betle_as_bio-

pesticides_for_house_flies_musca_domestica

Prezi, R. R. O. (n.d.). (2014) Makahiya (Mimosa pudica). prezi.com. https://prezi.com/ywm-h-

8ekwns/makahiya-mimosa-pudica/

Prayudhy Yushananta, Mei Ahyanti (2022). Piper betle as bio-pesticides for house flies (musca

domestica) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362968334_Piper_betle_as_bio-

pesticides_for_house_flies_musca_domestic

R, P. C., Deepak, V., Krishna, S., Fathima, S., Thaha, A., & Raj, J. (2018). Analysis of

Phytochemical Constituents and Anthelmintic Activity of Leaf Extracts of Mimosa pudica

L. Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 8(65).

https://doi.org/10.4066/2249-622x.65.18-614

Marie Hartley, Staff Writer, 2009. Cutaneous myiasis https://dermnetnz.org/topics/cutaneous-

myiasis#:~:text=Larvicides,in%20cases%20of%20wound%20myiasis.

35
Steve Jacobs, Sr. Extension (2013) House flies. (n.d.). https://extension.psu.edu/house-

flies#:~:text=House%20flies%20are%20strongly%20suspected,thereby%20mechanically

%20transmit%20disease%20organisms

Shakir, M. Z., Ahmed, S., Khan, A. S., & Nisar, M. S. (2018). Effect of Aqueous Extracts of

Different Plants on Life Cycle and Population Build up Parameters of House Fly, Musca

domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae). https://doi.org/10.37591/rrjoast.v4i1.1107

Suday, J. M. A. (n.d.). (2017) Research. Scribd.

https://www.scribd.com/presentation/390476713/Research

Romano, N., Datta, S. N., Julyantoro, P. G. S., Sinha, A. K., Yamamoto, F. Y., Beck, B. H., &

Webster, C. D. (2023). Dietary inclusions of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae

frass enhanced production of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) juveniles, stevia (Stevia

rebaudiana), and lavender (Lavaridula angustifolia) in an aquaponic system. Aquaculture,

575, 739742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2023.739742

Ujjwal Kumar Mondol, W. Islam (2020). Insecticidal and Repellent Activities of Mimosa pudica

L. (Fabaceae) against Cryptolestes pusillus (Schon) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae)

https://www.ijcmas.com/9-9-

2020/Ujjwal%20Kumar%20Mondol%20and%20W.%20Islam.pdf

Vonnie D.C. Shields, Kristen P. Smith, Nicole S. Arnold, Ineta M. Gordon, Taharah E. Shaw,

and Danielle Waranch (2011) The effect of varying alkaloid concentrations on the feeding

behavior of gypsy moth larvae, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3027075/

https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2F2.zoppoz.workers.dev%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fwww.scielo.br%2Fj%2Fbabt%2Fa%2F9GDR

DPtDT88C9DVWNcbb6bw%2F%3Fformat%3Dhtml%26lang%3Den%26fbclid%3DIwAR

36
1PFOTU7632odyMOjF2BmlrF1QBF0QGVTonQWIgVMY6tUat_jM4XQ24ukE&h=AT03

FZbNHuA42TtJ0gHoK20bMp5jkAIm9g3mRjmV7JDWaPtwxSS51_fAsig6GE-

9ChiAxY_NCr6sqIghVFDZytYeESVExqOTNSO6p6qLtoYqJfdcgy_ht6ewDRvAlT-

yq1RG

37
 APPENDIX A

APPROVAL SHEET

This research paper entitled The Efficacy of Mimosa Pudica Leaves Extract as an
Alternative larvicide against Fly Larvae prepared and submitted by: Lago, Edzan Alleiah O. ,
Llagas, Alyssa Marrie J., Mahait, Johnson B., Moskera, Trishanne Faye P., Narisma, Ma. Paula
J., Olaso, Josiah L., Quidquido Jr., Alvin R., Ranido, Jesamae R., Roldan, Kyle Stephanie T.,
Sabellina, Genel Grace C., Sacay, Nova Princess Kylle O., Salinas, Asher P., Salvador, Ron
Benedict B., Sanchez, Daniel Dave J., Tadang, Jessriel B., Tampus, Lance Adrian B., Villa,
Raphael Gabriel M. in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject STM 009: Research
in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics and APP 007: Inquiries, Investigation,
and Immersion has been examined and is recommended for Oral Examination.

Winjel C. Egos Jeffeir N. Dayag

STM 009 Instructor APP 007 Instructor

PANEL OF EXAMINERS
Approved by the committee on Oral Examination with a grade of _______.

_________________________
Chair

_______________________ _________________________ ______________________

Member Member Member

Approved and accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject STM 009:

Research in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics and APP 007: Inquiries,

Investigations, and Immersion.

Crystal T. Panhay

SHS Principal

38
 APPENDIX B

SUPPLEMENTAL DOCUMENTATION

1. The Three trails per concentration after 24 hours of exposure

2. Gathering of fly larva 3. Preparation of the extract per

concentration

39
 APPENDIX C

CURRICULUM VITAE

1x1 photo
PERSONAL DATA

Name: Edzan Alleiah O. Lago Sex: Female Civil Status: Single

Address: Blck 8, Lot 12, p1, Xavier Heights Subdivision, Upper Balulang, CDO

Religion: Roman Catholic

Date & Place of Birth: December 23, 2005, Gingoog City Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09934591809 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: Medina Central School Year Graduated: 2017 - 2018

Junior High School: Medina National Comprehensive High School Year Graduated: 2021 -2022

Senior High School: PHINMA Cagayan De Oro College

PERSONAL DATA

Name: Alyssa Marie J. Llagas Sex: Female Civil Status: Single

Address: Gaabucayan, Extension Agora Lapasan,, CDOC Religion: Roman Catholic

Date & Place of Birth: April 5, 2004, Cagayan De Oro City Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09851890624 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: Corrales Elementary School Year Graduated: 2017-2018

Junior High School: Macabalan National High School Year Graduated: 2021-2022

Senior High School: PHINMA-Cagayan De Oro College

40
PERSONAL DATA

Name: Johnson B. Mahait Sex: Male Civil Status: Single

Address: Macabalan, Accreation BLK E, CDOC Religion: Catholic

Date & Place of Birth: December 24 2004, Manila Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09361273162 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: Luneta Elementary School Year Graduated: 2017-2018

Junior High School: Macabalan National High School Year Graduated: 2021-2022

Senior High School: PHINMA-Cagayan De Oro College

PERSONAL DATA

Name: Trishanne Faye P. Moskera Sex: Female Civil Status: Single

Address: #144 Zone 8 Patag, Diamond Valley, CDOC Religion: Catholic

Date & Place of Birth: May 16, 2005, Cauayan, Negros Occidental Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09268954374 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School:Camp Evangelista Elementary School Year Graduated: 2017-2018

Junior High School: Misamis Oriental General Comprehensive High School

Year Graduated: 2021-2022

Senior High School: PHINMA-Cagayan De Oro College

41
PERSONAL DATA

Name: Ma. Paula J. Narisma Sex: Female Civil Status: Single

Address: Zone 1 CM Recto Ave., Osmena St, Barangay 26 Religion: Catholic

Date & Place of Birth: March 20, 2006 Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09267935520 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: Corrales Elementary School Year Graduated: 2017-2018

Junior High School: Misamis Oriental General Comprehensive High School Year Graduated:

2021-2022

Senior High School: PHINMA-Cagayan De Oro College

1x1 photo
PERSONAL DATA

Name: Josiah L. Olaso Sex: Female Civil Status: Single

Address: San Isidro Labrador, Agora Lapasan, CDO Religion: Born Again

Date & Place of Birth: April 8, 2006, Cagayan De Oro City Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09058162857 E-mail Address:[email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: East City Central School Year Graduated:2017 - 2018

Junior High School:Misamis Oriental General Comprehensive High School

Year Graduated: 2021 - 2022

Senior High School: PHINMA Cagayan De Oro College

42
 1x1 photo

PERSONAL DATA

Name: Alvin R. Quiquido Jr. Sex: Male Civil Status: Single

Address: Purok-4, Divine Mercy Street, Bolobolo, El Salvador City Religion:Roman Catholic

Date & Place of Birth: March 10, 2006 at Taboc, Opol, Misamis Oriental Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number:09605195961 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: Bulua Central School Year Graduated: 2017-2018

Junior High School: Fort Bonifacio High School Year Graduated: 2021-2022

Senior High School:PHINMA Cagayan De Oro College

1x1 photo
PERSONAL DATA

Name: Jesamae R. Ranido Sex: Female Civil Status: Single

Address: Greenheights Balulang Cagayan de Oro City Religion: Roman Catholic

Date & Place of Birth: May 10,2005 Tipolohon Claveria Mis. Or Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09955659564 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: Balulang Elementary School Year Graduated: 2017-2018

Junior High School: Balulang National High School Year Graduated:2021-2022

Senior High School: PHINMA-Cagayan De Oro College

43
PERSONAL DATA

Name: Kyle Stephanie T. Roldan Sex: Female Civil Status: Single

Address: Balulang Greenheights Don Mar Subdivision, Cagayan de Oro City

Religion: Buddhism

Date & Place of Birth: September 16, 2004, Balulang Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09657407912 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: Balulang Elementary School Year Graduated: 2017-2018

Junior High School: Balulang National High School Year Graduated:2021-2022

Senior High School: PHINMA-Cagayan De Oro College

PERSONAL DATA

Name: Genel Grace C. Sabellina Sex: Female Civil Status: Single

Address: Zone 2, Poblacion, Laguindingan, Mis. Or. Religion: IFI

Date & Place of Birth: November 5, 2005, Laguindingan Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09915987346 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: Laguindingan Central School Year Graduated: 2017-2018

Junior High School: Laguindingan National High School Year Graduated: 2021-2022

Senior High School: PHINMA-Cagayan De Oro College

44
PERSONAL DATA 1x1
Name: Nova Princess Kylle O. Sacay Sex: Female Civil Status: Single

Address:Purok-4 San Vicente, Baungon, Bukidnon Religion: Jesus Miracle Crusade

International Ministry Date & Place of Birth: November 5, 2005 at Baungon, Bukidnon

Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number:09353763100 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: San Vicente Elementary SchoolYear Graduated:2017-2018

Junior High School: Baungon National High SchoolYear Graduated: 2021-2022

Senior High School: PHINMA Cagayan De Oro College

PERSONAL DATA

Name: Asher P. Salinas Sex: Male Civil Status: Single

Address: Zone 7, GK-SM-BDO-Village Calaanan, Canito-An, Cagayan de oro city

Religion: Jehovah’s witness

Date & Place of Birth: June 26, 2006, Madonna & Child Hospital Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09751444549 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: West City Central School Year Graduated: 2017-2018

Junior High School: PHINMA-Cagayan De Oro College Year Graduated: 2021-2022

Senior High School: PHINMA-Cagayan De Oro College

45
PERSONAL DATA

Name:Ron Benedict B. Salvador Sex: Male Civil Status: Single

Address: Purok 5B Zone 10 Upper Carmen Religion: Catholic

Date & Place of Birth: April 21, 2005 Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09959480415 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: West City Central School Year Graduated: 2017-2018

Junior High School: Carmen National High School Year Graduated: 2021-2022

Senior High School: PHINMA-Cagayan De Oro College

PERSONAL DATA

Name: Daniel Dave J. Sanchez Sex: Male Civil Status: Single

Address: Zone 2, Bonbon Opol, Mis. Or. Religion: Seventh Day Adventist

Date & Place of Birth: Januarty 18, 2006 Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09915987346 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: Opol Adventist Elementary School Year Graduated: 2017-2018

Junior High School: Montessori De Oro Year Graduated: 2021-2022

Senior High School: PHINMA-Cagayan De Oro College

46
PERSONAL DATA

Name: Jessriel B. Tadang Sex: Male Civil Status: Single

Address: Zone 12, Bulua, Cagayan de Oro City, Sto. Niño Street. Religion: Seventh Day

Adventist

Date & Place of Birth: August 24, 2004. @ J.R. Borja Memorial City Hospital, Carmen, Cag. de

Oro City, Mis.Or. Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09359170508 Email Address:[email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: Camp Evangelista Elementary School Year Graduated: 2017-2018

Junior High School: Patag-Bulua Annex National High School Year Graduated: 2021-2022

Senior High School: PHINMA-Cagayan De Oro College

PERSONAL DATA

Name: Lance Adrian B. Tampus Sex: Male Civil Status: Single

Address: Blk 14 lot 15 phase 2B Oro habitat, Calaanan, Canito-An, Cagayan de oro city

Religion: Roman Catholic

Date & Place of Birth: March 25, 2006, Mary's child lying inn Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09268856525 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: Pedro "oloy" N. Roa Sr. Elementary School Year Graduated: 2017-2018

Junior High School: Pedro "oloy" N. Roa Sr. High School Year Graduated: 2021-2022

Senior High School: PHINMA-Cagayan De Oro College

47
PERSONAL DATA

Name: Raphael Gabriel M. Villa Sex: Male Civil Status: Single

Address: B-8L-1, Lumina, GE, Lumbia, CDO Religion: Roman Catholic

Date & Place of Birth: May 21, 2005 CDO Citizenship: Filipino

Contact Number: 09057895736 E-mail Address: [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary School: Suarez Elementary School Year Graduated: 2017-2018

Junior High School: Bugo National High School Year Graduated: 2021-2022

Senior High School: PHINMA-Cagayan De Oro College

48