NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 12
LIFE SCIENCES P1
SEPTEMBER 2023
MARKING GUIDELINES
MARKS: 150
This MARKING GUIDELINESconsists of 10 pages
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PRINCIPLES RELATED TO MARKING LIFE SCIENCES
1. If more information than marks allocated is given
Stop marking when maximum marks is reached and put a wavy line and 'max'
in the right hand margin.
2. If, for example, three reasons are required and five are given
Mark the first three irrespective of whether all or some are correct/incorrect.
3. If whole process is given when only part of it is required
Read all and credit relevant part.
4. If comparisons are asked for and descriptions are given
Accept if differences/similarities are clear.
5. If tabulation is required but paragraphs are given
Candidates will lose marks for not tabulating.
6. If diagrams are given with annotations when descriptions are required
Candidates will lose marks.
7. If flow charts are given instead of descriptions
Candidates will lose marks.
8. If sequence is muddled and links do not make sense
Where sequence and links are correct, credit. Where sequence and links are
incorrect, do not credit. If sequence and links becomes correct again, resume
credit.
9. Non-recognized abbreviations
Accept if first defined in answer. If not defined, do not credit the unrecognised
abbreviation but credit the rest of answer if correct.
10. Wrong numbering
If answer fits into the correct sequence of questions but the wrong
number is given, it is acceptable.
11. If language used changes the intended meaning
Do not accept.
12. Spelling errors
If recognizable, accept, provided it does not mean something else in Life
Sciences or if it is out of context.
13. If common names given in terminology
Accept, provided it was accepted at the National memo discussion meeting.
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14. If only letter is asked for and only name is given (and vice versa)
No credit.
15. If units are not given in measurements
Memorandum will allocate marks for units separately, except where it is already
given in the question.
16. Be sensitive to the sense of an answer, which may be stated in a different
way.
17. Caption
Credit will be given for captions to all illustrations (diagrams, graphs, tables,
etc.) except where it is already given in the question.
18. Code-switching of official languages (terms and concepts)
A single word or two that appears in any official language other than the
learners' assessment language used to the greatest extent in his/her answers
should be credited, if it is correct. A marker that is proficient in the relevant
official language should be consulted. This is applicable to all official languages.
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Life Sciences P1 4 LimpopoDoE/September 2023
NSC/Memorandum
SECTION A
QUESTION 1
1.1
1.1.1 B
1.1.2 C
1.1.3 B
1.1.4 C
1.1.5 A
1.1.6 B
1.1.7 D
1.1.8 B
1.1.9 B
1.1.10 A
(10 x 2) (20)
1.2
1.2.1 Puberty
1.2.2 Autonomicnervous system
1.2.3 Islets of Langerhans
1.2.4 Umbilical vein
1.2.5 Optic nerve
1.2.6 Epididymis
1.2.7 Astigmatism
1.2.8 Pinna
1.2.9 Abscisic acid
1.2.10 Altricial (10 x 1) (10)
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1.3
1.3.1 B only (2)
1.3.2 B only (2)
1.3.3 Both A and B (2)
(6)
1.4
1.4.1 (a) Cerebellum (1)
(b) Spinal cord (1)
1.4.2 (a) D- Medulla oblongata (2)
(b) A - Cerebrum (2)
(c) C - Spinal cord (2)
1.4.3 Meninges (1)
(9)
1.5
1.5.1 (a) Pituitary gland/Hypophysis (1)
(b) Thyroid gland (1)
!.5.2 TSH/ Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (1)
1.5.3 Goitre (1)
1.5.4 - Negative feedback mechanism (1)
(5)
TOTAL QUESTION 1: [50]
TOTAL SECTION A: 50
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SECTION B
QUESTION 2
2.1
2.1.1 (a) Seminal vesicle (1)
(b)Vas deferens (1)
(c) Scrotum (1)
(d) Urethra (1)
2.1.2 - Deposits semeninto the vagina of a female (2)
2.1.3 - to keep the testes at a temperature that is 2oC
lower than the body temperature/35oC
- necessary for the production of healthy sperms (2)
2.1.4 - Spermatogenesis
- Under the influence of testosterone
- Diploid cells/germinal epithelium
- in the seminiferous tubulesof the testes
- undergo meiosis
- to form haploid sperm cells (5)
(13)
2.2
2.2.1 (a) Corpus luteum (1)
(b) Graafian follicle (1)
2.2.2 LH/Luteinising hormone (1)
2.2.3 - The levels of progesterone drop
- Pituitary gland will be stimulated to secrete FSH
- which will stimulate the development of new follicles (3)
2.2.4 - No follicle will develop
- therefore, no oestrogen is produced
- No thickening of the endometrium takes place
- the endometrium will not be shed (4)
(10)
2.3 - The diploid zygote
- undergoes mitosis several times
- to form a (solid) ball of cells
- known as morula
- which further divides to form a hollow ball of cells
- called a blastula/blastocyst Any (5)
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2.4
2.4.1 a) - Tail (1)
(b) - Mid-piece/Neck (1)
2.4.2 23 (1)
2.4.3 - Supplies energy (1)
2.4.4 - It has enzymes that break the cell membrane
of the ovum.
- to allow the haploid nucleus of the sperm cell
to enter the ovum ‘
(2)
2.4.5 18cm = 180mm
180 mm
5 mm/second/s-1
= 36seconds (3)
(9)
2.5
2.5.1 (a) Viviparous (1)
(b) Internal (1)
2.5.2 The foetus develops in the mother’s uterus (1)
2.5.3 - Protected as it develops in the mother’s pouch
- Nourished with the mother’s milk (2)
(5)
2.6
2.6.1 - Auxins (1)
2.6.2 (a) A (1)
(b) B (1)
2.6.3
- The brightly-lit side suffers from a shortage of auxins
- because auxins are destroyed by light/they move to the
darker side
- A high concentration of auxins in stems accelerates
growth
- The uneven distribution of auxins causes uneven growth
with the darker side growing faster
- The stem thus bends towards the light Any (5)
(8)
[50]
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QUESTION 3
3.1
3.1.1 Tympanic membrane (1)
3.1.2 (a) - Transmit sound vibrations to the inner ear
- Amplify/increases sound vibrations
(Mark first ONE only) Any (1)
(b) - contains receptors for hearing (1)
3.1.3 - Air will not be released/taken in
- to equalise pressure on both sides of the tympanic
membrane
- Tympanic membrane will not be able to vibrate freely
- This may lead to bursting of the tympanic membrane
- Therefore will lead to hearing loss/partial deafness/pain
Any (4)
(7)
3.2 - a change in the position of the head stimulates the
maculae
the stimuli is converted into impulses
- the impulsesare transmitted along the auditory nerve
- to the cerebellum
- which interprets the information and
- sends the impulses to the skeletal muscles to restore
balance Any (5)
3.3
3.3.1 Ciliary muscles (1)
3.3.2 It has radial and circular muscles which control the size of the
pupil. (2)
3.3.2 - Lens is elastic
therefore can change shape/allow foraccommodation
- It is transparent
to allow light rays to pass through
- It is biconvex
to refract light rays
(Mark first TWO only) (Any 2 x 2) (4)
3.3.3 Part E/Blind spot – has no cones and rods/no photoreceptors
Part F/ Yellow spot – has cones and rods/photoreceptors
(1 x 2) (2)
(8)
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3.4 - in a bright area, the pupils are constricted
- ina dim area the pupils are still constricted at first
- little light enters the eye,making it difficult to see
- but after a while, the pupil dilates
- more light enters the eye and visibility improves (4)
3.5
3.5.1 - They often suffer memory loss
- may get lost/confusion/fail to do simple
chores/ anything to do with memory loss (2)
. 3.5.2
Percentage of people with Alzheimer's disease in different
countries
60
Percentage of people with Alzheimer's
50
40
30
Disease
20
10
0
South africa Mozambique Finland U.K Mexico
Countries
Criteria for marking graph:
Criteria Mark allocation
Bar graph is drawn (T) 1
Caption of the graph includes both 1
variables (C)
Correct labels on X-axis and Y-axis (L) 1
Correct scale for Y- axis 1
Equal spaces between bars and equal
width of bars for X-axis (S)
Plotting: (P)
1 - 4 co-ordinates plotted correctly 1
All 5 co-ordinates plotted correctly 2
(6)
(8)
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3.6
3.6.1 Blood glucose levels (1)
3.6.2 Same:
- Type of food given
- Concentration of adrenalin
- Amount of adrenalin
- Person measuring the glucose concentrations
- Age of patients
- Measuring tools used
- Body mass of patients Any (2)
3.6.3 - Acts as a control/baseline
- To compare the effect of injecting adrenalin (1)
3.6.4 - Hormones are proteins
- And will denature making it ineffective
OR
- Since it enters the blood directly
- It will reach the target organs faster (2)
3.6.5 - 150 female patients were used
- Blood glucose levels were measured every fifth day (2)
3.6.6 - The blood glucose levels will increase
- Because an increase in adrenalin stimulates the conversion
of glycogen to glucose. (2)
(10)
3.7
3.7.1 Thermoregulation (1)
3.7.2 A (1)
3.7.3
- blood vessel/(Y) dilates/vasodilation
- more blood carrying heat goes to the surface of the skin
- and therefore more heat is lost from the body
- sweat gland/(X) produce more sweat
- sweat evaporates from the skin surface
- more heat is lost by evaporation of sweat from the skin
- the body temperature returns to normal Any (5)
(7)
[50]
TOTAL SECTION B: 100
GRAND TOTAL: 150
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