WHAT IS EXPLORATION?

 Slump
Verb /slʌmp/
1. Keskin pasaymoq, birdaniga tushmoq, katta miqdorda
kamaymoq
• Sales have slumped this year.
• [~ by sth] Profits slumped by over 50%.
• [~ (from sth) (to sth)] The paper’s circulation has slumped to 90
000.
2. Hoppillab o’tirmoq, hoppillab yiqilmoq
• She slumped into the chair, exhausted.
• She slumped to her knees.
 Wildebeest
Noun /ˈwɪldəbiːst/ [pl. Wildebeest] [also gnu]
Katta antelopa
• a herd of wildebeest wildebeest
 Yonder
Determiner /ˈjɒndə(r)/ [old use or dialect]
(that so’zining eskicha shakli) huv anavi, huv anavi yoqda
• Let’s rest under yonder tree.
• Whose is that farm over yonder? Yonder
 Scout
Noun /skaʊt/

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 1. (dushman va uning qo’shinlari, ularning kuchi, jovlanishi va sh.
K. To’g’risida ma lumot to’playdigan jangchi) Razvedkachi,
skout, josus
 Quest
Verb /kwest/ [formal or literary]
Qidirmoq, izlamoq
 Undoubtedly
Adverb /ʌnˈdaʊtɪdli/
Shubhasiz, shak-shubhasiz, shubha yo’qki, beshak, begumon,
shaksiz
• She was undoubtedly the best candidate.
• The next few days will undoubtedly prove crucial.
 Nomadic
Adjective /nəʊˈmædɪk/
Ko’chmanchi, daydib yuradigan, badaviy
• The son of an air force pilot, he had a somewhat nomadic
childhood.
• nomadic people/herdsmen
• a nomadic life/existence
• They lead a nomadic life. Nomadic
 Deplete
Verb /dɪˈpliːt/ [usually passive] [formal]
Kamaytirmoq, ozaytirmoq
• Food supplies were severely depleted.
 Peculiar

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Adjective /pɪˈkjuːliə(r)/
1. [BrE or rather formal, AmE] g’alati, boshqacha, noodatiy,
shubhali
2. o’ziga xos
3. [BrE, informal] bir oz mazasi yo’q, betob
 Merely
Adverb /ˈmɪəli/
1. Faqat, xolos, -gina
• He said nothing, merely smiled and watched her.
• I wasn’t complaining, I merely said that I was tired.
• The medicine won’t cure her – it merely stops the pain.
• We’re merely good friends.
• I’m not angry, I’m merely trying to say that you could have done it
differently.
2. [not merely] nafaqat, o’zi emas
• It is not merely a job, but a way of life.
• The team needs players who want to play cricket for England, not
merely any country that will have them.
 Inclined
Adjective /ɪnˈklaɪnd/ AW
1. Ko’ngli tusagan, xohlagan, moyil
• [~ to do sth] She was inclined to trust him.
• He writes only when he feels inclined to.
• There’ll be time for a swim if you feel so inclined.

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• No one seemed inclined to help.
2. Tabiatan, ko’pincha, odatlangan
• He’s inclined to be lazy.
• They’ll be more inclined to listen if you don’t shout.
• musically/academically inclined children
3. Yon bosmoq
• I’m inclined to agree with you.
 Venture out
To leave a safe place and go somewhere that may involve risks: If the
snow stops I might venture out.
 Delve into sth
sinchkovlik bilan o’rganib chimoq, o’rganib chimoq (sinchkovlik
bilan)
• This biography delves deep into the artist’s private life.
• We must delve back into history to find the reason.
 Leave sb/sth behind
1. Orqada qoldirmoq, o’zib ketmoq, ortda qoldirmoq
• Britain is being left behind in the race for new markets.
3. Orqasida qoldirmoq, tashlab ketmoq
• We left in a hurry and I must have left my keys behind.
• He was forced to leave the country, leaving behind his wife and
children.
 Crawl
Verb /krɔːl/

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1. emaklamoq, embalamoq
2. ezmalanmoq, juda sekin ketmoq/o’tmoq

3. o’rmalamoq
4. yoqishga harakat qilmoq, paxta qo’ymoq, suykalmoq
 Laboriously
Adverb /ləˈbɔːriəsli/
Ko’p mehnat talab qiladigan
• An agreement was laboriously worked out.
• He wrote out the list laboriously by hand. Laboriously
 Solid
Adjective /ˈsɒlɪd/
1. Qattiq, qotib qolgan
2. Zich
3. mustahkam, pishiq
4. ishonarli, asosli, mustahkam
4. Toza, sof, asl
6. to’xtamasdan, uzluksiz
7. aniq shaklga ega bo’lgan, qattiq
 Confine
Verb /kənˈfaɪn/ AW
1. cheklamoq, o’tkizmaslik, tiymoq
2. saqlamoq, qamamoq, ushlab turmoq
3. miqlanib qolgan, bog’lanib qolgan

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  Scarcely
Adverb /ˈskeəsli/

1. zo’rg’a, arang, bazo’r

3. endigina, -ar -masdan, hali ... bo’lsamdan
 Dub
Verb /dʌb/ [-bb-]
1. Laqab qo’ymoq, deb atalmoq
• The media dubbed anorexia ‘the slimming disease’.
• [~ sb + noun] The Belgian actor Jean–Claude Van Damme has been
dubbed ‘Muscles from Brussels’.
• She was dubbed by the newspapers ‘The Angel of Death’.
2. Dublyaj qilmoq, ovoz bermoq (filmga), filmga ovoz bermoq
• They dubbed the background noise out.
• [~ sth (into sth)] I’d rather watch a film with subtitles than one
dubbed into English.
• To conceal his identity, the man’s voice has been dubbed over.
• The sound of the train was dubbed in afterwards.
3. [especially BrE] har xil qo’shiqlardan boshqa musiqa yaratmoq
• They dubbed over the American dialogue and replaced it with
Russian. Dub
 Far-off
Adjective /ˈfɑːr ɒf/ [only before noun]
1. Uzoqdagi, yiroqdagi, olisdagi

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 • some point in the far-off future
• a far-off land
2. Ancha oldin
• memories of those far-off days
• in those far-off days when we were young
 Stunt
Noun /stʌnt/
1. Tryuk, xavfli tryuk
• It’s a typical action film with plenty of spectacular stunts.
• Tom Cruise has performed his own stunts for Mission Impossible 2,
defying warnings from professionals.
• Not many actors do their own stunts.
2. E’tiborni jalb qilish uchun qilingan narsa, manyovur,
ko’zbo’yamachilik
• Their marriage was just a cheap publicity stunt.
• an advertising stunt
 Endeavour
Noun /ɪnˈdevə(r)/ [especially US endeavor] [U, C] [formal]
(biror yangi yoki qiyin ishni bajarishga) harakat, urinish, qunt
• Please make every endeavour to arrive on time.
• advances in the field of scientific endeavour
• The manager is expected to use his or her best endeavours to
promote the artist’s career.
• The public bombarded the company with complaints in an
endeavour to have the price increases revoked.

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  Pioneer
Noun /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/
Yangilik yaratuvchi, birinchi bo’lib ixtiro qilgan odam, pioner,
boshlab bergan odam, boshlab beruvchi
• [~ in/of sth] He was a pioneer in the field of biotechnology.
• a pioneer in the field of microsurgery
• a computer pioneer
• a pioneer aviator
• a pioneer design (=yangi fikr va g’oyalarga ega odam)
 Prominent
Adjective /ˈprɒmɪnənt/
1. Muhim o’rin egallagan, taniqli, asosiy, yetuk
• The World Cup will have a prominent place on the agenda.
• a prominent politician
• He played a prominent part in the campaign.
• She was prominent in the fashion industry.
2. Ko’zga tashlanadigan
• The church tower was a prominent feature in the landscape.
• The story was given a prominent position on the front page.
 Cutting-edge
Adjective /ˌkʌtɪŋ ˈedʒ/
Eng zamonaviy, eng so’ngi
• cutting-edge design/technology cutting-edge
 Declare

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Verb /dɪˈkleə(r)/
1. ma’lum qilmoq, e’lon qilmoq, baralla aytmoq, hammaga
bildirmoq
2. ta’kidlamoq, ta’kidlab aytmoq
 Definite
Adjective /ˈdefɪnət/ AW
1. Aniq, to’g’ri
2. Yaqqol, aniq
3. Ishonchi komil
 Slant
Noun /slɑːnt/
1. Qiya joy, qiyalik
• The house is built on/at a slant.
• Cut the flower stems on the slant.
 Voyage
Noun /ˈvɔɪɪdʒ/
(dengiz yoki havo) sayohat, safar
• Darwin’s epic voyage of exploration
• an around-the-world voyage
• a voyage in space
• The Titanic sank on its maiden voyage (=birinchi sayohatida).
 Buffalo
Noun /ˈbʌfələʊ/ [pl. Buffalo or buffaloes]
1. Buyvol, qo’tos
• Herds of buffalo roamed these plains.

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• The buffalo is a magnificent creature.
 Grazing
Oʻtxoʻr
 Aside from
-dan tashqari, -ni hisobga olmaganda
• Aside from a few scratches, I’m OK.
• Money continues to be a problem but aside from that we’re all
well.
• I hardly watch any television, aside from news and current affairs.
 Disregard
Verb /ˌdɪsrɪˈɡɑːd/ [formal]
E’tibor bermaslik, ahamiyat bermaslik, mensimaslik
• The board completely disregarded my recommendations.
• Safety rules were disregarded.
• He told us to disregard everything we’d learned so far and start
again.

HAVING A LAUGH
 Stimulus
Noun /ˈstɪmjələs/ [pl. Stimuli]
1. Rag’batlantiruvchi omil, qiziqtiradigan narsa, stimul
• The new tax laws should act as a stimulus to exports.
• [~ (to do sth)] | [~ (to/for sth)] Books provide children with ideas
and a stimulus for play.

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 2. Ta’sir qiluvchi, ta’sirchan, qo’zg’ovchi, keltirib chiqaruvchi 
• The tip of the tongue is sensitive to salt and sweet stimuli
and the back of the tongue is sensitive to bitter stimuli.
• sensory/verbal/visual stimuli
• The animals were conditioned to respond to auditory stimuli (=
sounds).
 Chimpanzee
Noun /ˌtʃɪmpænˈziː/ [also informal chimp]
Shimpanze
• The chimpanzee stood upright and grasped the bars of its cage.
Chimpanzee
 Range
Verb /reɪndʒ/ AW
1. -dan (tortib) -gacha bo’lmoq, oralig’ida bo’lmoq
• [~ adv/prep] The conversation ranged widely.
• [~ from A to B] to range in size/length/price from A to B
• The show had a massive audience, ranging from children to
grandparents.
• Accommodation ranges from tourist class to luxury hotels.
• [~ between A and B] Estimates of the damage range between $1
million and $5 million.
2. Qator bo’lib turmoq, terilmoq
3. Harakatlanmoq
4. Qamrab olmoq
 Pick up on sth

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[pick (sb) up on sth] aytgan yoki qilgan narsasini eslatib tanqid
qilmoq
• I knew he would pick me up on that slip sooner or later.
• His teacher picked him up on his pronunciation.
• Can I just pick up on your first point again, please?
• If I could just pick up on a question you raised earlier.
 Diverse
Adjective /daɪˈvɜːs/ AW
Har xil, turli-tuman, bir-biriga o’xshamagan
• My interests are very diverse.
• New York is a very culturally/ethnically diverse city.
 Indigenous
Adjective /ɪnˈdɪdʒənəs/ [formal]
Mahalliy, tub, yerli
• So who are the indigenous people of this land?
• the indigenous peoples/languages of the area
• [~to…] The kangaroo is indigenous to Australia.
• Are there any species of frog indigenous to the area?
 Dweller
Noun
Yashovchi, turuvchi, istiqomat qiluvchi
• City dwellers suffer higher pollution levels.
• a city/country/cave dweller
• 85 per cent of city dwellers breathe heavily polluted air.

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  Consistent
Adjective /kənˈsɪstənt/ AW
1. Fikridan/maqsadidan/yo’lidan qaytmas, qat’iy
2. Muntazam, davomiy
3. To’g’ri kelmoq, mos kelmoq
 Status
Noun /ˈsteɪtəs/ AW [usually sl]
1. Status, maqom, egallagan o’rni, martaba
2. Mavqe, obro’
 Submissive
Adjective /səbˈmɪsɪv/
So’zsiz itoat qiladigan, gapga kiradigan, ko’nadigan
• He expected his daughters to be meek and submissive.
 Assign
Verb /əˈsaɪn/ AW
1. Topshirmoq, ajratmoq, bermoq (vazifa)
2. Tayinlamoq, yollamoq
3. Belgilamoq
• [~ sth to sth] Assign a different colour to each different type of
information.
• [~ sth sth] The painting cannot be assigned an exact date.
 Compose
Verb /kəmˈpəʊz/
1. Tashkil qilmoq/topmoq, -dan iborat bo’lmoq
• Ten men compose the committee.
• The audience was composed largely of young people.

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  Mildly
Adverb /ˈmaɪldli/
1. Ozgina, biroz
• Some of the stories were mildly amusing.
• mildly surprised/irritated/interested
2. Yumshoqlik bilan
• “Hello, Hilary,” he said mildly.
• “I didn’t mean to upset you” he said mildly
 Insulting
Adjective /ɪnˈsʌltɪŋ/
Haqoratomuz, kamsitadigan
• You can’t offer such a low salary to someone who is so highly
skilled – it’s insulting.
• insulting remarks
• [~ to sb/sth] She was really insulting to me.
• I found his comments deeply insulting.
 Teaser
Noun /ˈtiːzə(r)/
1. [informal] qiyin masala, muammo
2. [also teaser ad] qiziqtirish uchun qilingan reklama
• For the first week we ran a teaser featuring a black cat.
 Pitch
Noun /pɪtʃ/

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1. (ovoz va tovushga nisbatan) baland-pastlik, daraja, ingichka-
yo’g’onlik.
2. [also slope] qiyalik darajasi, nishab, qiyalik
 Variable
Adjective /ˈveəriəbl/ AW
1. O’zgaruvchan, beqaror, o’zgarib turadigan, doim bir xil
turmaydigan
2. O’zgartirsa bo’ladigan
 In line with sth
teng bo’lmoq, bir xil bo’lmoq
• Annual pay increases will be in line with inflation.
• The company’s results are in line with stock market expectations.
• The salaries of temporary employees ought to be brought into line
with those of permanent staff.
 Perceive
Verb /pəˈsiːv/ AW [formal]
1. Payqamoq, sezmoq, his etmoq
• Perceiving that he wasn’t happy with the arrangements, I tried to
book a different hotel.
• [~ sth] I perceived a change in his behaviour.
• [~ that…] She perceived that all was not well.
• [~ sb/sth to be/have sth] The patient was perceived to have
difficulty in breathing.
2. Deb qaramoq, deb hisoblamoq
• Women’s magazines are often perceived to be superficial.

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• [~ sb/sth/yourself (as sth)] This discovery was perceived as a major
breakthrough.
• She did not perceive herself as disabled.
• [~ sb/sth to be/have sth] They were widely perceived to have been
unlucky.
 Versus
Preposition [abbreviation v, vs]
1. Qarshi
• It is France versus Brazil in the final.
• We are waiting for a court decision on Smith versus Watts.
2. Bilan solishtirganda, nisbatan
• The US dollar fell versus other key currencies on Friday.
• We feel we have some advantages versus the competition.
 Respite
Noun /ˈrespaɪt/ [sl, U]
1. Nafasni rostlash, yengil tortish
• The drug brought a brief respite from the pain.
• There was no respite from the suffocating heat.
• She continued to work without respite.
2. Ozgina keyinga qoldirish, kechiktirish
• His creditors agreed to give him a temporary respite.
• Their teacher was away, so they had a day’s respite before their
essays were due.
 Tedious

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Adjective /ˈtiːdiəs/
Juda uzoq, zerikarli, charchatadigan, qaytarilaveradigan, bir
maromdagi
• The journey soon became tedious.
• We had to listen to the tedious details of his operation.
 Replenishment
Noun /rɪˈplenɪʃmənt/ [U] [formal]
O’rnini to’ldirish, o’rnini qoplash
• Computerization has enabled the automatic replenishment of
stock.
 Recruit
Verb /rɪˈkruːt/
(yangi ko’ngillilarni) jalb qilmoq, qabul qilmoq, ishga olmoq, ishga
jalb qilmoq
• Even young boys are now being recruited into the army.
• [~ sb to do sth] The police are trying to recruit more officers from
ethnic minorities.
• [~ (sb) (to sth)] They recruited several new members to the club.
 Ostensibly
Adverb /ɒˈstensəbli/
Ko’rinib turibdiki, aftidan
• The party secretary resigned, ostensibly from ill health.
 Elect
Verb /ɪˈlekt/
1. (ovoz berish yo’li bilan) saylamoq

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 2. Tanlamoq
 Persistence
Noun /pəˈsɪstəns/ AW [U]
Qati’yatlilik, qati’ylik, matonat bilan davom etish
• Her persistence and enthusiasm have helped the group to achieve
its international success.
• “Why can’t I come?” repeated Will with dogged persistence.
 Multiplication
Noun /ˌmʌltɪplɪˈkeɪʃn/ [U]
1. ko’paytirish
2. ko’pay(tir)ish, oshi(ri)sh, ort(tir)ish, o’s(tir)ish
 Consecutive
Adjective /kənˈsekjətɪv/ [usually before noun]
Izchil, ketma ket, birin ketin
• She was absent for nine consecutive days.
• After six consecutive defeats, the team was almost ready to give
up.
• Interest rates rose again for the fifth consecutive month.

WHY FAIRY TALES ARE

REALLY SCARY TALES
 Amuse
Verb /əˈmjuːz/
1. kuldirmoq, kulgisini qistatmoq, kulgizini keltirmoq

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2. vaqtini chog’ o’tkazmoq, bilan ovunmoq, chalg’imoq, xursand
qilmoq, ko’ngil xushlik qilmoq, ko’ngil chog’lik qilmoq
 Universal
Adjective /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsl/
Umumiу, ommaviy, barchaga baravar taalluqli bo’lgan, universal
• Such problems are a universal feature of old age.
• The proposal has not met with universal agreement.
 Appeal
Noun /əˈpiːl/
1. Rasmiy so’rov, talab
• The police have made an appeal for witnesses.
• [AmE] to file an appeal
• [BrE] an appeal court/judge
• [AmE] an appeals court/judge
• [~ against sth] an appeal against the 3-match ban
• The hospital is launching an appeal to raise £50,000.
2. Jalb qilish, qiziqish, o’ziga tortish
• The programme has a very mass/wide/popular appeal.
• The Beatles have never really lost their appeal.
• The prospect of living in a city holds little appeal for me.
 Enduring
Adjective /ɪnˈdjʊərɪŋ/
Uzoq davom etadigan, davomiy, tuganmas, benixoya

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• I shall be left with many enduring memories of the time I spent in
India.
• enduring memories
 Dispose of sb/sth
1. Qutulmoq, yo’q qilmoq, tashlab yubormoq
• How did they dispose of the body?
• Please dispose of your litter thoughtfully.
3. Sotib qutilmoq
• I am still not sure how best to dispose of the shares.
4. Hal qilmoq
• That seems to have disposed of most of their arguments.
• Most complaints can be disposed of pretty quickly.
5. Yutmoq, yakson qilmoq, o’ldirmoq
• It took her a mere 20 minutes to dispose of her opponent.
 Cautionary
Adjective /ˈkɔːʃənəri/
Ogohlantiruvchi, ogohlikka chaqiruvchi
• In her conclusion, the author sounds a cautionary note.
• a cautionary tale about the problems of buying a computer
 Devise
Verb /dɪˈvaɪz/
Yangicha narsa o’ylab topmoq, o’ylab topmoq, ishlab chiqmoq
• They’ve devised a scheme to allow students to study part-time.

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• He’s good at devising language games that you can play with
students in class.
• Scientists have devised a method of recycling the contaminated oil.
 Disguise
Noun /dɪsˈɡaɪz/
Boshqa qiyofa, sezdirmaslik, niqob, niqoblanish, qiyofa (boshqa)
• I didn’t recognise him as he was wearing a disguise.
• She wore glasses and a wig as a disguise.
• He is a master of disguise.
 Trivial
Adjective /ˈtrɪviəl/
Ahamiyatsiz, arzimas, bekorchi gap
• Why do they get so upset over such a trivial matter?
• Her feelings for Simon seemed trivial by comparison.
• I’ll try to fix it — but it’s not trivial (=qiyin bo’lishi mumkin).
 Gruesome
Adjective /ˈɡruːsəm/
(o’lim yoki shikastga aytiladi) vahimali, dahshatli, qo’rqinchli
• The newspaper article included a gruesome description of the
murder.
• We were shown gruesome pictures of dead bodies.
 Retain
Verb /rɪˈteɪn/ AW [rather formal]
1. O’zida saqlab qolmoq

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 2. Saqlamoq, ushlab turmoq
3. Esda tutmoq, yodda saqlamoq
 Gripping
Adjective /ˈɡrɪpɪŋ/
E’tiborni o’ziga tortadigan
• His books are always so gripping.
• a gripping story gripping
 Unconvinced
Adjective /ˌʌnkənˈvɪnst/ AW
Dalillarga ishonmagan, aytilgan fikrga qo’shilmagan
• [~ (of sth)] I remain unconvinced of the need for change.
• [~ (by sth)] She seemed unconvinced by their promises.
• [~ (that…)] The jury were unconvinced that he was innocent.
Unconvinced
 Perennial
Adjective /pəˈreniəl/
Doimiy, uzluksiz, abadiy
• Teddy bears are a perennial favorite with children.
• We face the perennial problem of not having enough money.
 Villain
Noun /ˈvɪlən/
1. Salbiy qahramon
 • He often plays the part of the villain.
• He’s just like the villain out of a James Bond film.

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 2. Jinoyatchi, yaramas, razil odam, qabih odam, ablah, nobakor
• Bert’s just a small-time villain.
• The world’s worst villains now have access to chemical weapons.
 Moral
Noun /ˈmɒrəl/
1. Morals [pl] odob, xulq, odob-axloq (qoidalari/normalari),
ma’naviyat, ma’rifat, odamgarchilik, insoniylik
2. The moral qissadan hissa, xulosa
• And the moral of/to the story is that honesty is always the best
policy.
• The moral of the film was that crime does not pay.
 Resistance
Noun /rɪˈzɪstəns/ [U], [sl]
1. Qarshilik, qarshi chiqish, qarshilik ko’rsatish
2. mudofa, himoya qilish
3. himoya, qarshilik, chidamlilik
4. [physics] [symb. R] qarshilik (kuchi)

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