PAPER
PART OF SPEECH
Ekonomi This paper was compiled to fulfill the English course assignment
Supporting Lecturer :
Adhe Risky Mayasari, M.Pd
Group Name 2:
1. Adeliza Cantika (2351030113)
2. Adinda Shiva A.P (2351030114)
3. Aprilia Muharani (2351030130)
4. Cantika Pratama (2351030142)
5. Daffa Wilan Adendra (2351030146)
SYARIAH ACCOUNTING STUDY PROGRAM
ISLAMFACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS
RADEN INTAN STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG
2024
FOREWORD
We give all praise and gratitude to Allah SWT who has given His mercy and
grace so that this paper, entitled "Economic English", can be completed well. We
don't forget to give prayers and greetings to our lord, Prophet Muhammad SAW,
who has been a role model in various aspects of life.
This paper was prepared to fulfill one of the assignments in the English
economics course. In this paper, we attempt to explain Part of Speech which contain
Verb, Adverb, Preposition, Conjuction, Interjection. We realize that this paper is
still far from perfection. Therefore, we are very open to constructive criticism and
suggestions to improve this paper in the future.
Finally, we hope that this paper will be useful for readers, especially in
deepening understanding of English Economics material. May Allah SWT always
guide us all in seeking knowledge and putting it into practice in everyday life.
Wassalamu'alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
Bandar Lampung, 16 October 2024
Group 2
ii
LIST OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE ................................................................................................... i
FOREWORD ................................................................................................... ii
LIST OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................... iii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 1
A. Background.......................................................................................... 1
B. Formulation Of the Problem ................................................................. 1
C. Purpose ................................................................................................ 2
CHAPTER II DISCUSSION ........................................................................... 3
A. Definition Part Of Speech .................................................................... 3
B. Definition Verb, Types and Functions ................................................... 3
C. Definition Adverb, Types and Functions ............................................... 6
D. Definition Preposition, Types and Functions ........................................ 8
E. Definition Conjuction, Types and Functions .........................................10
F. Definition Interjection, Types and Functions .........................................12
CHAPTER III CLOSING ...............................................................................15
A. Consulusion .........................................................................................15
B. Suggestion ...........................................................................................15
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................17
iii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background
Language is an important communication tool for humans convey quality
information or interact with each other. With language, humans can
communicate with each other and To use language well and correctly, we must
know its usage The structure of the language itself
English is an international language. By mastering English well, we will
be able to communicate with other nations in this world. Besides that, we will
also be able to increase our insight and knowledge for the progress of our nation
and country, because we will be able to read English literature, listening to
foreign radio broadcasts, and watching other science films.
Thus, in the end we can master knowledge in all fields. Parts Of Speech
in English means types of words or word classes. It is called parts of speech
because it is the parts of speech or parts of sentences (remember, basically
sentences in language are sentences that are spoken, not written), because these
words are a system that is needed to form a sentence, without looking at what
their respective tasks or functions are.
So, these words are the "basic materials" in a sentence "building", not
the "function" of words in a sentence. Why is that? Because a word can have
several (more than one) functions in a sentence. There are several types of Part
Of Speech, namely noun, adjective, adverb, pronoun, and so on. Each type has
a different meaning and function.
B. Formulation Of the Problem
1. What definition part of speech?
2. What definition verb, types and functions?
3. What definition adverb, types and functions?
1
4. What definition preposition, types and functions?
5. What definition conjuction, types and functions?
6. What definition interjection, types, and functions?
C. Purpose
1. Knowing definition parts of speech.
2. Knowing what definition verb, types and functions.
3. Knowing what definition adverb, types and functions.
4. Knowing what definition Preposition, types and functions.
5. Knowing what definition conjuction, types and functions.
6. Knowing what definition interjection, types, and functions
2
CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
A. Definition Part Of Speech
McGregor (2009) states that all languages consist of thousands of words
with different types or classes from one another These words are classified into
several different types of classes consisting of verbs, nouns, and adjectives and
adverbs.
Nouns are words that specify objects or things of a similar nature, including
humans, animals, objects, places and abstract things. Adjectives are a type of
word that indicates the quality or nature of an item or object, whether it is a
living thing or an inanimate object, based on several things such as age, size,
color, speed and shape. Verbs are words that describe actions or activities,
statements, events and processes, whether in concrete or abstract form. 1
B. Definition Verb, Types and Functions
1. Definition of Verb
A verb is a word indicating an action or action our work or to express
something. Verbs are words and are one of the elements of a part of speech,
which indicates an action (bring, kick, read) or event (happen, become) or
circumstances (<to>be, exist), and attitudes (agree, disagree, blame). Verb
is one important elements of various languages including English, so this
element get a special place and more treatment in each grammar.
In English it self, verbs are grammatical things that are often confused
by students and even by native speakers themselves, for some of them does
not follow a standard form and we can only memorize it. 2
1
Indaryani, Modul Bahasa Inggris Untuk Perguruan Tinggi (Aceh: UNIMAL PRESS,
2015), hal. 1.
2
Ika Suryaningsih, “Parts of Speech”, Makalah Bahasa Inggris, Desember 2017, hal. 1.
3
2. Types of Verbs
a. Transitive Verb
Is a verb that requires a sentence object. If the sentence is verbal To
use a transitive verb, there must be an object in the sentence to be able
to say it a perfect sentence (can provide understanding). 3
Example: She opened the window every morning (Dia membuka
jendela setiap pagi)
b. Intransitive Verb
Is a verb that does not require a sentence object.
Example : My son is sleeping soundly (Anak saya sedang tidur
nyenyak).
c. Linking Verb
It is a verb that functions to connect the subject with the complement
(complementary). Which includes linking verbs are appear, be (am, is,
are, was, etc.), become, feel, look, taste, stay, remain, seem, smell.
Example: The food tasted delicious.(Makanan yang terasa lezat).
d. Auxiliary Verb (kata kerja bantu)
Is a verb whose job is to help the main verb in a sentence sentence.
Which includes Auxiliary verbs are Is, am, are, was, were, do, does, did,
has, have, had, can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must,
ought to, had better.
Example: I must go right now (Aku harus pergi sekarang).
e. Regular Verb
Usually a regular verb is given the addition -ed. Which include
regular verbs are: call > called, kick > kicked, crash > crashed etc.
3
Ibid., hal. 1-2.
4
Example: I looked for an assistant for this job (aku mencari asisten
untuk pekerjaan ini).
f. Irregular Verb
Namely verbs that change because the tenses are in an irregular
form, so you cannot know the forms II and III unless you look in a
dictionary. Which include irregular verbs are: sleep > slept, wake >
woke > woken, go > went > gone etc.
Example: She had gone before I came (dia telah pergi sebelum aku
datang).4
3. Verbs Function
Verbs or verbs in a sentence are used to identify or explain the
behavior of the perpetrator (subject in the sentence) or explain events and
circumstances. 5 The function of verbs is to describe actions or actions
which are usually called "dynamic verbs", such as write, eat, run, and
speak. While the verb which and stating about something is called a "stative
verb" and generally not used in continuous tension.6
Example : Aldo drives his father’s car (Aldo mengendarai mobil
ayahnya)
Explanation: Drives here is a verb that explains the subject (Aldo). Was
driving his father's car.7
Meanwhile, some verbs can be used as dynamic verb as well as
stative verb.
Examples :
1) She looks very beautiful. (look as stative verb)
4
Ibid., hal. 2.
5
Ibid., hal. 1.
6
Indaryani, Op. Cit., hal. 2.
7
Ika Suryaningsih, Op. Cit., hal. 2
5
2) She looked at black board. (looks as dynamic verb) 8
C. Definition Adverb, Types and Functions
1. Definition of Adverb
Adverb is one of the eight parts of speech used to describe or explain
verbs (verbs), adjectives (words nature), or other adverbs.
Example: He replied = He replied quickly. 9
Explanation:
The word “quickly” is an adverb that provides additional
information on the verb. Apart from that, adverbs too can be used to provide
additional information in adjectives or other types of words except for
nouns.
2. Types of Adverbs
a. Adverb of Manner
That is an adverb that is used to express the way or how something
work done. So if you use an interrogative sentence, always use the
word "How”.
Example: How do I speak English? You speak English fluently.
(kamu bicara bahasa Inggris dengan lancar).
b. Adverb of Time
That is an adverb used to state when something is work/event occurs.
So if you use an interrogative sentence, always use the word "When".
Example: When do you visit your grandfather? I visited my
grandfather yesterday (aku mengunjungi kakekku kemarin).
8
Indaryani, Op. Cit., hal. 3.
9
Indaryani, Op. Cit., hal. 32.
6
c. Adverb of Frequency
This is an adverb that states how often an activity or event occurs
done or happened. So the question is “how often”.
Example: How often does he call you if you don't reply to his texts?
She always call me when I don’t replay her SMS. (dia selalu
menelponku jika aku tidak membalas SMSnya).
d. Adverb of Degree
That is an adverb used to express how far (level or degree) of an
activity/event. So the question is "how much".
Example: How crazy am I? You are really insane. (kamu benar-benar
gila).
e. Adverb of Place & Direction
That is an adverb used to state the place and direction of the
occurrence an activity/event. So the question is “where”.
Example: Where are you? I am in my home (aku ada di dalam rumah).
3. Adverbs Function
a) Explaining Verbs.
Example : She plays piano well. (Dia memainkan piano dengan baik). 10
b) Explaining Adjectives.
Example : You are very beautiful. (Kamu sangat cantik)
c) Explaining Other Adverbs.
Example : Andy works so hard. (Andy bekerja dengan sangat keras).
d) Explaining Prepositions.
Example: Long before I was born, this tree was here. (Jauh sebelum
aku lahir, pohon ini sudah di sini).
10
Ika Suryaningsih, Op. Cit., hal. 18.
7
e) Explaining Phrases.
Example: The murderer was arrested just outside his home.
(Pembunuh itu ditangkap hanya di depan rumahnya).
f) Explaining Sentences.
Example: Certainly, She will not love me because of my fault. (Pasti,
dia tidak akan mencintaiku karena kesalahanku).11
D. Definition Preposition, Types and Functions
1. Definition of Preposition
A preposition is a word that is usually placed before a noun or
pronouns; shows the relationship between nouns and pronouns with other
words in a sentence or it could also be said that a preposition is a word used
for connect different nouns which words fall under prepositions include: at,
in, on, about, under, of, to, for etc.12
2. Types of Prepositions
a. Simple Prepositions
These are prepositions formed with only one word. Examples: in,
on, at, about, over, under, off, of, for, to.
Examples:
1) The kids were playing in the street.
2) She put a blanket over the sleeping child
b. Double Prepositions
These prepositions are formed by combining two simple
prepositions. Examples: without, within, inside, outside, into, beneath,
below, behind, between, and so on.
11
Ika Suryaningsih, Op. Cit., hal. 18.
12
Ika Suryaningsih, Op. Cit., hal. 13-15.
8
Examples:
1) You should receive a reply within seven days.
2) For years we had little knowledge of what life was like inside
China.
c. Compound Prepositions
These prepositions consist of two preposition words. Examples:
according to, because of, next to, due to, ahead of, apart from, and
others.
Examples:
1) You've been absent six times, according to our records.
2) We sat next to each other.
d. Participle Prepositions
These prepositions take the form of participles. Examples: during,
considering, given, including, following, regarding, and others.
Examples:
1) Please remain seated during the performance.
2) Six people were killed in the riot, including a policeman.
e. Phrase Prepositions
Phrase prepositions consist of a preposition followed by an object,
which can be a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase. To clarify, consider the
formula: preposition + object.
Examples:
1) We have so much fun in this classroom.
2) All of my sisters are taller than I.
3. Function of Preposition
The main function of a preposition is to indicate the location or
position of an object or other elements. In its usage, prepositions do not
9
have fixed rules, so we need to memorize as many prepositions as possible
to expand our vocabulary. 13
E. Definition Conjuction, Types and Functions
1. Definition Conjuction
A conjunction is one of the parts of speech in English, consisting of words
or phrases used to connect two words, phrases, or sentences. 14
2. Types of Conjunctions
a. Coordinating Conjunction
These are conjunctions that connect two sentences of equal rank.
This means that each sentence can be understood independently, even
without the conjunction. Coordinating conjunctions include: For, And,
Nor, But, Or, Yet, So.
Examples:
1) John plays music well, but he can't sing.
2) You have to go right now, so you won't miss the bus.
b. Correlative Conjunction
These conjunctions are used to connect elements within a sentence,
such as word-to-word, phrase-to-phrase, or clause-to-clause (similar to
coordinating conjunctions). Correlative conjunctions always come in
pairs. Examples include: Not only & but also, neither & nor, either &
or, not & but.
Examples:
1) Either I take fifteen minutes to walk every day or I join the gym for
a month.
13
Ika Suryaningsih, Op. Cit., hal. 13.
14
Muhammad Fahrozi, “Parts of Speech”,
(https://www.scribd.com/document/560186528/Makalah-Bahasa-Inggris-Parts-Of-Speech, Diakses
pada 15 Oktober 2024)
10
2) My mother is not only good at speaking English, but also at
speaking Japanese.
Notes for Correlative Conjunctions:
1) When singular and plural subjects are connected, the subject
closest to the verb determines whether the verb is singular or plural.
2) The grammatical structure must be the same. For example, if the
first clause uses the present tense, the second clause must also use
the present tense.
c. Subordinating Conjunction
These conjunctions connect a dependent clause with an independent
clause. Without the conjunction, one of the clauses would be difficult
to understand if it stands alone. Subordinating conjunctions include:
While, Whether, Where, Before, After, Then, As, Since, Because,
Although/though/even though, How, Until.
Examples:
1) The proposal will never be approved until the requirements are
fulfilled.
2) I will pick you up at 9 o'clock after I finish my job.
3. Function of Conjunction
Conjunctions are used to make the structure of a sentence logical and
clear. There are several categories in English, including coordinating
conjunctions, subordinating conjunctions, and correlative conjunctions.
11
F. Definition Interjection, Functions, and Examples
1. Definition of Interjection
An interjection is a short word or phrase used to express someone's
emotions or feelings, usually followed by an exclamation mark. 15
2. Function of Interjection
Interjections are often used in spoken language and are rarely used in
writing, except when written in the form of quotations.
3. Examples of Interjections
Here is a list of common English interjections that you may frequently
hear or even use in everyday life.
Interjection Meaning Example of Sentences
Oh Menyatakan simpati Oh, I’m sorry to hear that
Menyatakan keterkejutan Oh!! What kind of bug is that?
Menyatakan keheranan Oh! He did not come here last
night?
Menyatakan rasa sakit Oh!! I have cramps on my knees
Menyatakan harapan Oh! God! Please help me!
Ah Merendah Ah! It’s just my luck
Menyatakan rasa nyaman Ah! Your massage feels so good
Ketidakpuasan Ah1 I lose this game again
Menyatakan kesadaran Ah! I understand,she dosen’t
love me
Alas (aduh) Menyatakan rasa sedih Alas! Why must that accident
happen?
15
Ibid.
12
Dear (sayang) Menyatakan simpati/iba Oh dear! Are you ok?
Ouch (aduh) Menyatakan rasa sakit Ouch! I cut my finger
Wow Menyatakan kekaguman Wow! That concert is just
awesome
Menyatakan keheranan Wow! I have never seen such a
big watermelon
Eh Menytakan keingintahuan You lover her, eh!
Hey Menyatakan keterkejutan Hey! Look at that woman
walking down the street
Menyatakan kekesalan Hey! I said stop it
Mencari perhatian Hey! What’s your name?
Menyatakan keheranana Hey! You’re genius today
Hi (hai) Mencari perhatian Hi! May I know you?
Memberi salam Hi! Good morning Stave
Well (baik) Menyatakan kesanggupan Well! I will do it for you
Menyatakan pujian Well done! You did a great job
today
Jeepers (siali) Menyatakan kekesalan Jeepers! I almost touch her tits
Phew Menyatakan kelegaan Phew! Finally, the holiday comes
Bravo (luar Ungkapan kepuasan Bravo! I won the lottery again
biasa)
Hush (husss) Menyuruh diam Hush! Don’t make a noise!
Dammit (sial) Ungkapan kekesalan Dammit! The computer doesn’t
work again
13
Lo (lihatlah) Menyuruh untuk melihat Lo! The river is going up the
limit
Pish (cis) Ungkapan tidak suka Pish! I will have tha kind of car
like she does
Tut (ah masa) Menyatakan keheranan Tut! You did not hear it?
14
CHAPTER III
CLOSING
A. Cunclusion
1. Part Of Speech McGregor (2009) stated that all languages consist of
thousands of words with different types or classes from one another.
These words are classified into several different types of classes
consisting of verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.
2. A verb is a word indicating an action or action our work or to express
something. Verbs are words and are one of the elements of a part of
speech, which indicates an action (bring, kick, read) or event (happen,
become) or circumstances (<to>be, exist), and attitudes (agree, disagree,
blame).
3. Adverb is one of the eight parts of speech used to describe or explain
verbs (verbs), adjectives (words nature), or other adverbs.
4. A preposition is a word that is usually placed before a noun or pronouns;
shows the relationship between nouns and pronouns with other words in
a sentence or it could also be said that a preposition is a word used for
connect different nouns which.
5. A conjunction is one of the parts of speech in English, consisting of
words or phrases used to connect two words, phrases, or sentences.
6. An interjection is a short word or phrase used to express someone's
emotions or feelings, usually followed by an exclamation mark.
B. Suggestion
We realize Still there is lack in study this, good That from aspect
delivery material and in matter give information about English economics
course which explain Part of Speech which contain Verb, Adverb,
15
Preposition, Conjuction, Interjection. Therefore that, the author suggests to
all over readers, especially academics For do research and develop his
expertise so that knowledge will science become more broad and strong.
16
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Fahrozi, Muhammad. 2022. Makalah Bahasa Inggris Parts Of Speech. Diakses pada 15
Oktober 2024, dari https://www.scribd.com/document/560186528/Makalah-
Bahasa-Inggris-Parts-Of-Speech
Indaryani. Modul Bahasa Inggris Untuk Perguruan Tinggi. Aceh: UNIMAL
PRESS, 2015.
Suryaningsih, Ika. 2017. Makalah Bahasa Inggris Parts Of Speech. Diakses pada
14 Oktober 2024, dari
https://www.scribd.com/document/405910292/MAKALAH-BAHASA-
INGGRIS-docx
17
