High Technology in Refrigeration Devices

Design criteria for refrigerant piping

[version 1.3]

Piping for refrigerating systems should be designed according to 3 main principles:

1. reduction of the pressure drops to avoid significant decrease of the performances

2. ensure correct oil return also at partial load, when the refrigerant speed is reduced. Please note that the
pressure drop depends also on the surface friction between gas and pipe. Surface friction is the "engine"
for the oil drag. The oil drag is much critical in the suction line because of the lower temperatures and of
the consequent higher oil viscosity.

3. avoid the making of "flash vapours" on the liquid line and consequent dysfunction of the expansion valve.
Avoid having high liquid speeds to avoid pressure peaks when the solenoid valve is closing.

General Parameters

minimum gas speed to ensure oil drag even in vertical piping, for discharge lines is 4 m/s

minimum gas speed to ensure oil drag even in vertical piping, for suction lines is 5 m/s

for liquid line, the miscibility between oil and refrigerant is 100 % (in our T field) so that no
minimum speed is required.

In the following pages are shown the tables with all the most important parameters, for the
whole range of models.

Valid from: 28 11 11 Page 1 of 12

 High Technology in Refrigeration Devices

JREF CCAC units

Refrigerant R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A
Model [-] 060 080 100 110 130 160 190 205

T ev. Dew Point [°C] 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10
Base refrigerant charge
[kg] 1.34 2.21 2.53 2.53 3.37 3.73 3.11 5.04
(standard)
Base refrigerant charge
[kg] 1.50 2.73 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.41 5.77 5.77
(low noise)

Discharge gas line 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 5/8 (15.9) 5/8 (15.9) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19)
[in(mm)]
Liquid line 3/8 (9.5) 3/8 (9.5) 3/8 (9.5) 3/8 (9.5) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 5/8 (15.9)
0-10 m

Refrigerant addition x
[kg] 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.101 0.101 0.108 0.166
line metre
Oil addition x single
[g] 10 10 10 10 20 20 34 34
siphon***

Discharge gas line 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 5/8 (15.9) 5/8 (15.9) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19)
[in(mm)]
11-20 m

Liquid line 3/8 (9.5) 3/8 (9.5) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 5/8 (15.9)
Refrigerant addition x
[kg] 0.05 0.05 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.17
line metre
Oil addition x single
[g] 10 10 20 20 34 34 34 34
siphon***

Discharge gas line 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 5/8 (15.9) 5/8 (15.9) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19) 7/8 (22.2)
[in(mm)]
21-30 m

Liquid line 3/8 (9.5) 3/8 (9.5) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 5/8 (15.9) 5/8 (15.9)
Refrigerant addition x
[kg] 0.05 0.05 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.16 0.17
line metre
Oil addition x single
[g] 10 10 20 20 34 34 34 54
siphon***
Refrigerant compressor
[kg] 4.7 4.7 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3
limit**

Compressor brand [-] Copeland Sanyo Sanyo Sanyo Sanyo Sanyo Sanyo Sanyo
ICI
Emkarate
Suggested oil type [-] FV68S FV68S FV68S FV68S FV68S FV68S FV68S
RL 32
3MAF

Note:
If the total refrigerant charge (base charge + refrigerant addition due to line length) exceeds the
refrigerant compressor limit (**), an oil charge of 50g, per exceeding refrigerant kg, must be added.

(***) A siphon has to be installed on every 5m of vertical suction or discharge line.

Valid from: 28 11 11 Page 2 of 12

 High Technology in Refrigeration Devices

TREF CCAC units

Refrigerant R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A
Model [-] 201 251 281 272* 311 302* 362* 401 422*

T ev. Dew Point [°C] 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10
Base refrigerant charge
[kg] 9.53 9.53 10.63 6.71 10.63 6.71 6.71 12.88 8.00
(standard)
Base refrigerant charge
[kg] 9.53 9.53 10.63 6.71 12.08 7.43 7.43 14.16 8.64
(low noise)
1 1/8
Discharge gas line 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19) 7/8 (22.2) 5/8 (15.9) 7/8 (22.2) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19) 7/8 (22.2)
(28.6)
[in(mm)]
Liquid line 5/8 (15.9) 5/8 (15.9) 3/4 (19) 1/2 (12.7) 3/4 (19) 5/8 (15.9) 5/8 (15.9) 7/8 (22.2) 5/8 (15.9)
0-10 m

Refrigerant addition x
[kg] 0.16 0.16 0.25 0.10 0.25 0.16 0.16 0.33 0.17
line metre
Oil addition x single
[g] 34 34 54 20 54 34 34 115 54
siphon***
1 1/8
Discharge gas line 3/4 (19) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 5/8 (15.9) 7/8 (22.2) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19) 7/8 (22.2)
(28.6)
[in(mm)]
11-20 m

Liquid line 5/8 (15.9) 5/8 (15.9) 3/4 (19) 1/2 (12.7) 3/4 (19) 5/8 (15.9) 5/8 (15.9) 7/8 (22.2) 5/8 (15.9)
Refrigerant addition x
[kg] 0.16 0.17 0.25 0.10 0.25 0.16 0.16 0.33 0.17
line metre
Oil addition x single
[g] 34 54 54 20 54 34 34 115 54
siphon***
1 1/8
Discharge gas line 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 5/8 (15.9) 7/8 (22.2) 3/4 (19) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2)
(28.6)
[in(mm)]
21-30 m

Liquid line 5/8 (15.9) 5/8 (15.9) 3/4 (19) 1/2 (12.7) 3/4 (19) 5/8 (15.9) 5/8 (15.9) 7/8 (22.2) 5/8 (15.9)
Refrigerant addition x
[kg] 0.17 0.17 0.25 0.10 0.25 0.16 0.17 0.33 0.17
line metre
Oil addition x single
[g] 54 54 54 20 54 34 54 115 54
siphon***
Refrigerant compressor
[kg] 11.3 20 22 11.3 22 11.3 11.3 22 11.3
limit**

Compressor brand [-] Sanyo Danfoss Danfoss Sanyo Sanyo Danfoss Sanyo Danfoss Sanyo

Oil Oil Oil Oil

Suggested oil type [-] FV68S Maneurop Maneurop FV68S FV68S Maneurop FV68S Maneurop FV68S
160SZ 160SZ 160SZ 160SZ

Note:
If the total refrigerant charge (base charge + refrigerant addition due to line length) exceeds the
refrigerant compressor limit (**), an oil charge of 50g, per exceeding refrigerant kg, must be added.

(***) A siphon has to be installed on every 5m of vertical suction or discharge line.

(*) All values for double circuit units are referred to a single circuit.

Valid from: 28 11 11 Page 3 of 12

 High Technology in Refrigeration Devices

TREF CCAC units

Refrigerant R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A
Model [-] 452* 532* 592* 602* 692* 762* 1002 1204

T ev. Dew Point [°C] 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10
Base refrigerant charge
[kg] 8.00 8.96 8.96 11.42 11.42 11.42 15.06 31.45
(standard)
Base refrigerant charge
[kg] 8.64 9.97 9.97 12.94 12.94 18.34 25.69 31.45
(low noise)
1 1/8 1 1/8 1 3/8
Discharge gas line 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2)
(28.6) (28.6) (34.9)
[in(mm)]
Liquid line 5/8 (15.9) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2)
0-10 m

Refrigerant addition x
[kg] 0.17 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.33 0.33 0.36
line metre
Oil addition x single
[g] 54 54 54 54 54 115 115 210
siphon***
1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 3/8
Discharge gas line 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2)
(28.6) (28.6) (28.6) (28.6) (34.9)
[in(mm)]
11-20 m

Liquid line 5/8 (15.9) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2)
Refrigerant addition x
[kg] 0.17 0.25 0.25 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.36
line metre
Oil addition x single
[g] 54 54 54 115 115 115 115 210
siphon***
1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 3/8
Discharge gas line 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2)
(28.6) (28.6) (28.6) (28.6) (34.9)
[in(mm)]
21-30 m

Liquid line 5/8 (15.9) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2) 7/8 (22.2)
Refrigerant addition x
[kg] 0.17 0.25 0.25 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.36
line metre
Oil addition x single
[g] 54 54 54 115 115 115 115 210
siphon***
Refrigerant compressor
[kg] 22 22 22 22 22 22 21.3 44
limit**

Compressor brand [-] Danfoss Danfoss Danfoss Danfoss Danfoss Danfoss Copeland Danfoss

ICI
Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil Oil
Emkarate
Suggested oil type [-] Maneurop Maneurop Maneurop Maneurop Maneurop Maneurop Maneurop
RL 32
160SZ 160SZ 160SZ 160SZ 160SZ 160SZ 160SZ
3MAF

Note:
If the total refrigerant charge (base charge + refrigerant addition due to line length) exceeds the
refrigerant compressor limit (**), an oil charge of 50g, per exceeding refrigerant kg, must be added.

(***) A siphon has to be installed on every 5m of vertical suction or discharge line.

(*) All values for double circuit units are referred to a single circuit.

Valid from: 28 11 11 Page 4 of 12

 High Technology in Refrigeration Devices

HTS unità split per Telecom

Refrigerant R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A R410A
Model HTS [-] 025* 035* 045 056 073 090 105 120 145

T ev. Dew Point [°C] 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10 0 / +10

IN 1/2” 1/2” 1/2” 5/8” 5/8” 5/8” 5/8” 7/8” 7/8”

Split valve
[in]
connections
OUT 3/8” 3/8” 3/8” 3/8” 3/8” 3/8” 3/8” 1/2” 1/2”

IN 12 12 12 16 16 16 16 22 22
ODS
[mm]
connections
OUT 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 12 12

Base refrigerant charge [kg] 0.73 0.73 1.42 1.42 1.42 2.12 2.12 2.88 2.88

Suction line 3/8 (9.5) 3/8 (9.5) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 5/8 (15.9) 5/8 (15.9) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19)
[in(mm)]
Liquid line 5/16 (7.9) 5/16 (7.9) 5/16 (7.9) 3/8 (9.5) 3/8 (9.5) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7)
0-10 m

Refrigerant addition x
[kg] 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09
line metre
Oil addition x single
[g] 4 4 10 10 10 20 20 34 34
siphon***

Suction line 3/8 (9.5) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 5/8 (15.9) 5/8 (15.9) 5/8 (15.9) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19)
[in(mm)]
11-20 m

Liquid line 5/16 (7.9) 5/16 (7.9) 5/16 (7.9) 3/8 (9.5) 3/8 (9.5) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7)
Refrigerant addition x
[kg] 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09
line metre
Oil addition x single
[g] 4 10 10 10 20 20 20 34 34
siphon***

Suction line 3/8 (9.5) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 5/8 (15.9) 5/8 (15.9) 3/4 (19) 3/4 (19) 7/8 (22.2)
[in(mm)]
21-30 m

Liquid line 5/16 (7.9) 5/16 (7.9) 5/16 (7.9) 3/8 (9.5) 3/8 (9.5) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 1/2 (12.7) 5/8 (15.9)
Refrigerant addition x
[g] 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.15
line metre
Oil addition x single
[g] 4 10 10 10 20 20 34 34 54
siphon***
Refrigerant compressor
[kg] 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.9 4.7 4.7 11.3 11.3 11.3
limit**

Compressor brand [-] LG LG LG LG LG Sanyo Sanyo Sanyo Sanyo

Suggested oil type [-] FVC68D FVC68D FVC68D FVC68D FVC68D FV68S FV68S FV68S FV68S

Note:
 The lines diameters does not always match to the unit connections;
 If the total refrigerant charge (base charge + refrigerant addition due to line length) exceeds
the refrigerant compressor limit (**), an oil charge of 50g, per exceeding refrigerant kg, must
be added.
 Max difference height 10mt

(*) The units with rotary compressor are not in warranty for pipe line more than 15mt long.

(***) A siphon has to be installed on every 5m of vertical suction or discharge line.

Valid from: 28 11 11 Page 5 of 12

 High Technology in Refrigeration Devices

Example:
Unit: TADR 532 (double circuit unit)
Line length: 25m (10m vertical)

From the related table it is possible to find these values:

• Discharge gas line diameter: 22.2 mm - 7/8”

• Liquid line diameter: 19.0 mm - 5/8”
• Base refrigerant charge (standard): 8.96 kg
• Base refrigerant charge (low noise): 9.97kg
• Refrigerant addiction per line meter 250 g/m
• Oil addiction for single siphon: 54 g
• Refrigerant compressor limit: 7.9 kg

REFRIGERANT CHARGE

Refrigerant charge due to the line length

25 m x 250 g/m = 6.250 kg

line metre Refrigerant addiction per

line metre
Total refrigerant charge
6.250 kg + 8.96 kg = 15.210 kg

Refrigerant charge Base refrigerant charge

due to the line length (standard)

OIL ADDICTION

Vertical line 10m => 2 siphon

Oil addiction due to the siphon

54g x 2 = 108g

Refrigerant charge N° of siphon

due to the line length

over-limit refrigerant charge

15.210 kg – 7.9 kg = 7.310 kg

Total refrigerant Refrigerant compressor

charge limit

oil addiction due to the over-limit refrigerant charge

7.310 kg x 50 g/kg = 365 g

over-limit refrigerant Oil addiction per kg of

charge refrigerant

Total oil addiction

365 g + 108 g = 473 g

oil addiction due to Oil addiction due to the

the over-limit siphon
refrigerant charge

(*) Calculated values are referred to a single circuit.

Reference for on-site installed pipes

Diameter Thickness Minimum System design PED Max Copper Real copper σ Safety ratio
Valid from: 28 11 11 Page 6 of 12
 High Technology in Refrigeration Devices

[mm] [mm] bending pressure PS Category σs [N/mm2] [N/mm2]

radius [mm] [bar]
10 1 36 42 A3 P3 227 16.8 13.5
12 1 36 42 A3 P3 227 21.0 10.8
16 1 46 42 A3 P3 227 29.4 7.7
18 1 56 42 A3 P3 227 33.6 6.8
22 1,5 67 42 A3 P3 227 26.6 8.5
28 1,5 96 42 A3 P3 227 35.0 6.5
35 1.5 70 42 A3P3 227 44.8 5.0
42 1.5 84 42 A3P3 227 54.6 4.2
54 2.0 108 42 A3P3 227 52.5 4.3

Valid from: 28 11 11 Page 7 of 12

 High Technology in Refrigeration Devices

Installation of the suction line (Evaporator above condenser / compressor)

Siphon to recover
height in long
"horizontal" (*) lines

Indoor Evaporator

(*) 1° - 3° slope to the

compressor to make easier
Siphon h = 200 mm the oil return
Radius=2D before entering
into the unit.

Liquid line : no precaution. Pay attention to height

difference between indoor / outdoor units because in this
case the liquid pressure reduction moving from outdoor to
indoor units, may cause flash vapours and, as a
consequence, expansion valve malfunctions. To avoid it,
be sure that the real subcooling is at least 1,5 °C for each
10m long

Compressor
position

Valid from: 28 11 11 Page 8 of 12

 High Technology in Refrigeration Devices

Installation of the suction line (Evaporator below condenser / compressor)

Compressor
position

Siphon h = 200 mm
R=2D every 5m high
5m

Indoor evaporator

Siphon to recover (*) 1° - 3° slope to the

height in long compressor to make easier
"horizontal" (*) lines the oil return

Liquid line : no precaution. Pay attention to height difference between

indoor / outdoor units because in this case the increasing liquid pressure
moving from the condenser to the evaporator/compressor, may cause
opening for the safety valve on the liquid receiver (if present).
Max height difference 10mt

Valid from: 28 11 11 Page 9 of 12

 High Technology in Refrigeration Devices

Installation of the discharge line (Condenser above evaporator / compressor)

Remote
condenser

Slope of 2 - 3 ° to the condenser to

avoid oil back flow to the
Siphon h = 200 mm compressor during stops.
Radius=2D every 5m high

D = outside pipe diameter

5m

Compressor
position

Liquid line : no precaution. Pay attention to height difference

between indoor / outdoor units because in this case the increasing
liquid pressure moving from the condenser to the
evaporator/compressor, may cause opening for the safety valve on
the liquid receiver (if present - i.e. in J/T unit). In case of height
differences greater than 10m contact the Technical office for the
right selection of High pressure switches and remote condensers.

Valid from: 28 11 11 Page 10 of 12

 High Technology in Refrigeration Devices

Installation of the discharge line (Condenser below evaporator / compressor)

Compressor
position

Slope of 2 - 3 ° to the
condenser to avoid oil
back flow to the
compressor during stops.

ERROR: here a lot of oil

will be accumulated
Liquid line : no precaution. Pay only attention to the height
difference between indoor / outdoor units because in this case the
decreasing liquid pressure, moving from the condenser to the
evaporator/compressor, may cause flash vapour on the liquid
receiver. To avoid this, make sure to have at least 2°C of real
subcooling, measured at the condenser outlet every 10m of
increasing height.

Valid from: 28 11 11 Page 11 of 12

 High Technology in Refrigeration Devices

Special Precautions for lines more than 20 m long

1. Install a solenoid valve on the liquid line (standard on T units - option on J units) with five-second delay
on closing (to be specified on the order)

2. Install piping according to the specification contained in this file

3. Install a check valve on the discharge side (mandatory). It is also advisable to install one also on the
liquid line

4. Install a crankcase heater (standard)

5. Long lines means higher refrigerant charge and consequently more oil diluition (3-5 % in weight of the
refrigerant charge) → add oil to the system as specified in the previous tables.

From the previous tables, the refrigerant charge can be estimated with an accurancy of ±20%

Approved Oil Types for Copeland Scroll Compressors

1. ICI Emkarate RL 32 3MAF

Approved Oil Types for Danfoss Maneurop Scroll Compressors

2. Oil Maneurop 160SZ 32 cSt Polyolester Oil

Approved Oil Types for Sanyo Scroll Compressors

3. FV68S

Approved Oil Types for LG Scroll Compressors

4. FVC68D

Valid from: 28 11 11 Page 12 of 12