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Q1 (1) - Chord and its Properties

If A (at 2
1
, at1 ) , B (at , 2at2 )
2
2
is the extremities of a focal chord for the parabola y 2
= 4ax, then t 1 t2 = −1

We want to find locus of point C(α, β), where C is the centre of the circle having AB as the diameter.
⇒ α =
a

2
(t
2
1
+ t )
2
2
and β = a (t 1 + t2 )

By eliminating t and t , we get 1 2

2 2 2 2
β = a (t + t + 2t1 t2 )
1 2

2 2 2α
⇒ β = a ( − 2)
a

2
⇒ β = 2a(α − a)

2
∴y = 2a(x − a)

Q2 (3) - Chord and its Properties

The length of focal chord making an angle α with the X-axis is 4acosec 2
α . For α ∈ [0, π/4],
its maximum length is 4a × 2 = 8 a units.

Q3 (4) - Chord and its Properties

t1 /2
2
tan θ = 2
=
t /4 t1
1

∘ 2
tan(90 − θ) =
t2

∴ t1 = 2 cot θ

and t2 = 2 tan θ ...(i)

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4 2
t t
1 1
√ +
16 4 √cot4 θ + cot2 θ
∣ VA ∣
Now, ∣ ∣ = =
∣ VB ∣
t
4
2
t
2
2
√tan4 θ + tan2 θ
√ +
16 4

cot θ ⋅ cosec θ 3
= = cot θ
tan θ ⋅ sec θ

Q4 (1) - Chord and its Properties

Here, M OA
⋅ MOB = −1

2 2
⇒ ⋅ = −1
t1 t2

⇒t1 t2 = −4 ...(i)

MOP ⋅ MAB = −1

k 2
⇒ ⋅ = −1
h t1 +t2

⇒t1 + t2 =
−2k

h
...(ii)
Equation of chord AB, is
y (t1 + t2 ) = 2x + 2at1 t2 , passes through (h, k)

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⇒ k (t1 + t2 ) = 2h + 2at1 t2 ...(iii)

From Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii)
−2k
k ⋅ ( ) = 2h − 8a
h

2 2
⇒ −y = x − 4ax

or x 2
+ y
2
− 4ax = 0 is required locus.

Q5 (2) - Chord and its Properties

Since, (F T ) 2
= (F P )(F Q)

2
⇒(F T ) = 4 × 9

FT = 6

Q6 (4) - Tangent and its Properties

Given equation of parabola is

y = (x − 3)
2
...(i)
On differentiating Eq. (i), we get
′
∴y = 2(x − 3)

Since, tangent is parallel to the chord joining the points (3,0) and (4,1)
1−0
∴ 2(x − 3) =
4−3

1 7
⇒ x − 3 = ⇒ x =
2 2

On putting x = in Eq. (i), we get

7

1
y =
4

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Hence, equation of tangent is y −

1 7
= 1 (x − )
4 2

⇒4x − 4y = 13

Q7 (2) - Tangent and its Properties

The equation of any tangent of slope m to the parabola y 2

= 4ax is y = mx + a

if it passes through P (−a, 2a), then

a
2a = −ma +
m

2
⇒ 2am = −m a + a

2
⇒ m a + 2am − a

Let θ be the angle between the tangents drawn from P . then

2
√(m1 + m2 ) − 4m1 m2
m1 − m2
tan θ = =
1 + m1 m2 1 + m1 m2

2
√(−2) − 4(−1) √4 + 4
= = = ∞
1 + (−1) 0

⇒ tan θ = ∞
π
∴ θ =
2

Q8 (2) - Tangent and its Properties

Equation of PN : x = at 2

y = c bisects P N
∴ c = at

Which cuts the parabola at Q.

2
⇒c = 4ax

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2
c
⇒x =
4a

2 2
c at
∴ Q( , c) = Q ( , at)
4a 4

−4
∴ Equation of N Q : y = 3t
(x − at )
2

Which cuts x = 0, at (0, .

4t
)
3

4at
∴ AT = and N P = 2at
3

4at/3
AT 2
⇒ = =
NP 2at 3

Q9 (2) - Tangent and its Properties

Let the coordinates of B and C be (at 2

1
, 2at1 ) and (at 2
2
, 2at2 ) respectively.

Then, the coordinates of A are [at 1 t2 , a (t1 + t2 )]

The equation of any tangent of y 2

= 4ax is ty = x + at 2

2
at1 t2 −a(t1 +t2 )t+at
∴ p1 =
√1+t2
2 2
at −2att1 +at
1
p2 =
2
√1+t
2 2
at −2at1 t2 +at
2
and p3 =
√1+t2

Clearly, p 2
p3 = p
2
1

Hence, p 2
, p1 , p3 are in GP.

Q10 (3) - Tangent and its Properties

By definition, SL = T N

Q11 (3) - Tangent and its Properties

Equation of chord AB, is y (t 1

+ t2 ) = 2x + 2at1 t2 passing
through (-1,-1)

⇒ − (t1 + t2 ) = −2 + 2t1 t2

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⇒ (t1 + t1 ) + 2t1 t2 − 2 = 0 … (i)

as, P (h, k) = P (−t1 t2 , t1 + t2 )

∴h = −t1 t2 and k = t 1 + t2 ...(ii)

From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
⇒ k − 2h − 2 = 0

or y = 2(x + 1)

Q12 (4) - Tangent and its Properties

The given curve is y = x 2

+ 6

The equation of tangent at (1,7) is

1
(y + 7) = x(1) + 6
2

⇒ 2x − y + 5 = 0 ...(i)
According to the question Eq. (i) touches the circle x 2
+ y
2
+ 16x + 12y + C = 0 at Q[ centre of circle of
(-8,-6)]

Then, the equation of CQ which is perpendicular to Eq. (i) and passes through (-8,-6) is

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−1
y + 6 = (x + 8)
2

⇒ x + 2y + 20 = 0 ...(ii)
Now, Q is the point of intersection of Eqs. (i) and (ii).
i.e. x = −6 and y = −7

∴ The required is point (-6,-7)

Q13 (2) - Normal and its Properties

Tangent at P , is

y = x + a ...(i)
and equation of normal at Q, is
y = x − 2a − a

or y = x − 3a ...(ii)

From Eqs. (i) and (ii), distance between parallel lines is ∣∣ ∣

4a
= 2√2a
√2 ∣

Q14 (2) - Normal and its Properties

Since, the normal at (ap 2

, 2ap) to y 2
= 4ax meets the parabola at (aq 2
, 2aq)

Therefore, q = −p −
2

p
...(i)

Since, OP ⊥ OQ , therefore
2ap−0 2aq−0
× = 1
2 2
ap −0 aq −0

⇒pq = −4

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⇒p (−p −
2

p
) = −4 [by Eq.(i)]
2
∴p = 2

Q15 (3) - Normal and its Properties

Given, a line y = x − 1 and a parabola y 2

= 4x . On solving these, we have
2
(x − 1) = 4x

2
⇒ x − 6x + 1 = 0

⇒ x = 3 ± √8

and y = 2 ± √8
Suppose point D is (x 3, y3 ) . Then,
y1 + y2 + y3 = 0

2 + √8 + 2 − √8 + y3 = 0

⇒ y3 = −4

Then x 3 = 4

Q16 (1) - Normal and its Properties

2at2 −2at1
Here, m =
2 2
=
2

t2 +t2
...(i)
at −at
2 1

and h = 2a + a (t
2
1
+ t
2
2
+ t1 t2 ) ...(ii)
k = − at1 t2 (t1 + t2 ) ...(iii)

From Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii), we get

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4 km
h = 2a + a [ 2
+ ]
m 2a

or 2m 2
x = 4am
2
+ 8a + ym
3

Q17 (2) - Normal and its Properties

Let P (h, k), (k ≠ 0) through which three normals are drawn to the parabola y 2
= 4ax(a = 1) such that
product of slopes of two is
α1 , i.e. m 1 m2 = α .
Any normal to the parabola is
3
y = mx − 2am − am

3 2
⇒ am + 0m + m(2a − h) + k = 0

⇒ m
3
+ 0m
2
+ m(2a − h) + k = 0, as a = 1 ...(i)

m1 m2 m3 = −k

[by Eq.(i)]
−k −k
m3 = =
m1 m2 α

But m is a root of Eq. (i).

3

3 2 3
∴ k + (2 − h)kα − kα = 0

Hence, locus of P is y 2
+ (2 − x)α
2
− α
3
= 0 [k ≠ 0, cancelled]
Above is same as y 2
− 4x = 0, as given.
Hence, on comparing α 2
= 4

and 2α 2
− α
3
= 0

or α = 0
∴ α = 2, which satisfies both

Q18 (2) - Normal and its Properties

Let P ( at 2
, 2at ) be a point on the parabola y 2
= 4ax such that it cuts the parabola again at Q (at 2
1
, at1 ) .
Then,
2
t1 = −t −
t

2
⇒ |t| = ∣
∣t +
∣
∣
t

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∣ 2 ∣
⇒|t1 | ≥ ∣2√t × ∣ AM ≥ C
∣ t ∣

⇒ |t| = 2√2

2 2
2
Now, OQ = √(at − 0) + (2at1 − 0)
1

2
⇒ OQ = at1 √t + 4
1

⇒ OQ ≥ 2a√2√8 + 4

∴ OQ ≥ 4√6a

Q19 (3) - Normal and its Properties

The equation of normal at P (at 2

, 2at) to the parabola y 2
= 4ax is
y = −tx + 2at = at
3
...(i)

Let this normal meets the circle on SP as diameter at N . Then,

π
∠SN P = [an angle in semicircle]
2
2 2 2
∴ PN = SP − SN

SN is perpendicular to normal. Now

2
SP = a + at

3
∣
∣at−2at−at ∣
∣
and SN =
2
= at√1 + t2
√1+t

2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
∴P N = a (1 + t ) − a t (1 + t ) = a (1 + t )

2
∴P N = a√1 + t

Q20 (3) - Normal and its Properties

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Tangent and normal at P (at 2

, 2at) to the parabola y 2
= 4ax are respectively,
ty = x + at
2
...(i)

and y = −tx + 2at + at

3
...(ii)

Eqs. (i) and (ii) meet the X -axis, where y = 0.

From Eq. (i), x = −at 2

Therefore, T is (−at 2
, 0)

From Eq. (ii), tx = 2at + at

3

2 2
2a+at −at
Mid-point of T G ≡ ( 2
, 0) ≡ O(a, 0)

Since, ∠T P G = 90 , the centre of circle through P T G is (a, 0).

∘

If θ is the angle between tangents at P to the parabola and circle through P , T and G, then (90 ∘
− θ) is the
angle between P T and OP

Slope of P T =
2at

2at
2
=
1

Slope of OP =
2at

2
a(t −1)
= 2
t −1
2t

∣ 1 2t ∣
−
∣ t t2 −1 ∣
Now, ∘ 1
tan(90 − θ) = =
∣ 1 2t ∣ t
1+ ( )
∣ t t
2
−1 ∣

1
⇒ cot θ = ⇒ tan θ = t
t

−1
∴ θ = tan t

Q21 (3) - Normal and its Properties

2
2
(c) t2 = −t1 − ⇒ t1 t2 = −t − 2
t1 1

The equation of a line through P parallel to AQ is

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2 2
y − 2at1 = (x − at )
t2 1

2 2 2
Put y = 0, then x = at − at1 t2 = at − a (−2 − t )
1 1 1

2 2
= 2a + 2a = 2 (a + at )
1 1

which is twice the focal distance of P .

Q22 (1) - MIscellaneous

We know that the locus of the point of intersection of tangents to y 2

= 4ax which meet at an angle α is given
by

y
2
− 4ax = (a + x)
2
tan
2
α ...(i)

Here, α = 45
∘

Putting α = 45 in Eq. (i), we get

∘

2 2
y − 4ax = (a + x)

Hence, the required locus is

2 2
y − 4ax = (a + x)

Q23 (4) - MIscellaneous

Equation of the chord of contact of tangents drawn from a point (3,4) to the parabola y 2
= 2x is
yy1 = 2 (x + x1 )

1
⇒ y(4) = 2 × (x + 3)
2

⇒ 4y = x + 3

∴ x − 4y + 3 = 0

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Q24 (1) - MIscellaneous

Let the tangents intersect at P (h, k). Then, lx + my + n = 0 will be chord of contact of P . That means

lx + my + n = 0 and yk − 2ax − 2ah = 0 will represent the same line.

k −2a −2ah
Thus, = =
m l n

n −2am
⇒ h = ,k =
l l

Q25 (1) - MIscellaneous

If (h, k) be the point of intersection of tangents, then

ky = 2a(x + h) ...(i)

is same as normal
y = mx − 2am − am
3
...(ii)

On comparing Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get

2a 3 h
m = , −2am − am = 2a ⋅
k k

On eliminating the variable m between the above two relations, we get

3
2a 8a h
−2a ( ) − a ⋅ 3
= 2a ⋅
k k k

3
4a
⇒h + 2a + 2
= 0
k

2 3
⇒ k (h + 2a) + 4a = 0

Hence, the required locus in

2 3
y (x + 2a) + 4a = 0

Q26 (1) - MIscellaneous

Let the pole be (x 1, y1 ) . Then, the equation of polar with respect to y 2

= 4ax is
yy1 = 2a (x + x1 )

⇒ 2ax − yy1 + 2ax1 = 0 ...(i)

Clearly, Eq. (i) and lx + my + n = 0 represent the same line

2a −y1 2ax1
n
∴ = = ⇒ x1 =
l m n l

−2am
and y 1 =
l

−2am
Hence, the pole of given line is ( n

l
,
l
) .

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