03 Circle
Uploaded by
avnishavk03 Circle
Uploaded by
avnishavkEdubull
CIRCLE
EXERCISE # 1
Question Since circle tonching both axes, therefore
based on Different forms of the equation of circle according to question its centre will be (h, –h) and
its radius equal to h.
Q.1 The equation of the circle which touches the Also
axis of y at the origin and passes through (3, 4) is- h= (h – 3) 2 (6 h ) 2
45
(A) 2(x2 + y2) – x=0 h2 = h2 – 6h + 9 + 36 + h2 – 12h
3
h2 – 18h + 45 = 0
(B) 3(x2 + y2) – 25x = 0
h2 – 15h – 3h + 45 = 0
(C) 4(x2 + y2) – 25x = 0
h (h – 15) – 3 (h – 15) = 0
(D) None of these
(h – 3) (h – 15) = 0
Sol. [B]
h = 3, 15
y
A(3,4) When h = 3, centre (3, – 3) and radius 3
and when h = 15, centre (15, – 15) and radius 15
O C
x Required equation of circle is
0,0 (x,0) (x – 3)2 + (y + 3)2 = 32 or (x – 15)2 + (y + 15)2 = 152
x2 + y2 – 6x + 6y + 9 = 0 or x2 + y2 – 30x
Clearly centre lies on x-axis. Let it be (x, 0) + 30y + 225 = 0
OC = AC OC2 = AC2 x2 = (x – 3)2 + 16 from options x2 + y2 – 30x + 30y + 225 = 0
25
x2 = x2 – 6x + 9 + 16 6x = 25 x = Q.3 The abscissae of two points A and B are the
6 roots of the equation x2 + 2ax – b2 = 0, and
25 25 their ordinates are the roots of the equation
Its centre is , 0 & radius
6 6 x2 + 2px – q2 = 0. The radius of the circle with
Its equation is AB as diameter is
25
2
25
2
(A) a 2 b 2 p 2 q 2 (B) a 2 p2
x + (y – 0) =
2
6 6 (C) b2 q2 (D) None of these
2 2
25 25 25 Sol. [A]
x2 + y2 – x +
3
6 6 Let A (x1, y1) and B (x2, y2) since x1, x2 are
25 roots of x2 + 2ax – b2 = 0 there fore
x2 + y2 – x = 0 3(x2 + y2) – 25x = 0 x1 + x2 = – 2a
3
x1x2 = – b2
Q.2 The equation of a circle passing through (3, –6)
Also y1, y2 are roots of x2 + 2px – q2 = 0
and touching both the axes is -
y1 + y2 = – 2p
(A) x2 + y2 – 6x + 6y + 8 = 0
y1y2 = – q2
(B) x2 + y2 + 6x – 6y + 9 = 0
(C) x2 + y2 + 30x – 30y + 225 = 0 AB = ( x 1 x 2 ) 2 ( y1 y 2 ) 2
(D) x2 + y2 – 30x + 30y + 225 = 0
= {(x1 x 2 ) 2 4x1x 2 } {( y1 y 2 ) 2 4 y1 y 2 }
Sol. [D]
y = 4a 2 4b 2 4p 2 4q 2
= 2 a 2 b2 p2 q2
x
diameter
Radius =
2
(h,–h)
(3,– 6)
Power by: VISIONet Info Solution Pvt. Ltd
Website : www.edubull.com Mob no. : +91-9350679141
1
Edubull
2 a 2 b2 p2 q2 47 3 11
= = a 2 b2 p2 q2 x2 + y2 + 2 x + 2 y + =0
2 15
5 3
Q.4 The parametric equations of the circle 15x2 + 15y2 – 94x + 18y + 55 = 0
x2 + (y + )2 = a2 is - 15x2 + 15y2 – 94x + 18y + 55 = 0
(A) x = a cos, y = a sin +
Question
(B) x = a cos, y = a sin – based on Position of a point
(C) x = a sin, y = a cos –
(D) None of these Q.6 If x2 + y2 – 6x + 8y – 11 = 0 is a given circle
Sol. [B] x + (y + ) = a
2 2 2
and (0, 0), (1, 8) are two points, then -
parametric equationm will be (A) Both the points are inside the circle
x = a cos and y + = a sin (B) Both the points are outside the circle
x = a cos and y = asin – (C) One point is on the circle another is outside
the circle
Q.5 The equation to the circle which passes through
(D) One point is inside and another is outside
the points (1, – 2) and (4, –3) and which has its
the circle.
centre on the straight line 3x + 4y = 7 is –
Sol. [D]
(A) 15x2 + 15y2 + 94x + 18 y + 55 = 0
(B) 15x2 + 15y2 – 94x – 18 y + 55 = 0 x2 + y2 – 6x + 8y – 11 = 0 ……..(i)
(C) 15x2 + 15y2 – 94x + 18 y + 55 = 0 put (0, 0) in (i) we get
(D) 15x2 + 15y2 + 94x – 18 y – 55 = 0 – 11 < 0
Sol. [C] put (1, 8) in (i) we get
Let equation of circle is x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 1 + 64 – 6 + 64 – 11 > 0
its centre (– g, – f) lies on 3x + 4y = 7 Hence, we can say that one point is inside the
3g + 4f = – 7 ……..(1) circle and another is out side the circle
it passes (1, – 2) therefore
1 + 4 + 2g – 4f + c = 0 Question
2g – 4f + c = – 5 …….(2) based on Line and circle
Also passes (4, – 3) Hence
16 + 9 + 8g – 6f + c = 0 Q.7 The equation of the tangent to the circle
8g – 6f + c = – 25 ……(3) x2 + y2 + 4x – 4y + 4 = 0 which make equal
from (2) & (3) (2) – (3) gives intercepts on the positive coordinate axes, is
– 6g + 2f = 20 (A) x + y = 2 (B) x + y = 2 2
3g – f = – 10 ….…(4) (C) x + y = 4 (D) x + y = 8
from (1) & (4) 5f = 3 Sol. [B]
f = 3/5
Let equation of tangent is
3 47
3g = – 10 = – x y
5 5 1
a a
47
g=– x+y=a
15
47 3 centre of circle (– 2, 2)
from (2) 2 4 + c = – 5
15 5 radius = 444 2
94 12 perpendicular drawn from centre (– 2, 2) to
– +5+c=0
15 5 x + y = a is equal to its radius
– 94 – 36 + 75 + 15c = 0 x+y–a=0
15c = 130 – 75
22a
15c = 55 =2
55 11 2
c=
15 3 a= 2 2
Required equation of circle is equation of tangent is
Power by: VISIONet Info Solution Pvt. Ltd
Website : www.edubull.com Mob no. : +91-9350679141
2
Edubull
x+y= 2 2 (C) acos2 + bsin2 – a 2 – b 2 sin 2
(D) None of these
Q.8 Length of intercept made by line x + y = 2 on
Sol. [B]
the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 3 = 0 is -
x cos + y sin – P = 0 touches the circle
(A) 2 23 (B) 23
x2 + y2 – 2ax cos – 2by sin – a2 sin2 = 0
(C) 46 (D) 4 23 Centre of circle = (a cos , b sin )
Sol. [C] Radius of circle
Length of intercept = 2 a 2 p 2
= a 2 cos2 b 2 sin 2 a 2 sin 2
where a is radius of circle
= a 2 b 2 sin 2
and p is length of perpendicular
Perpendicular drawn from centre to line is equal
23 2 3
p= to the radius
2 2
a cos2 b sin 2 P
and a = 493 4 i.e. a 2 b 2 sin 2
sin cos
2 2
9
length of intercept = 2 16 a cos2 + b sin2 – P = a 2 b 2 sin 2
2
32 9 23 P = a cos2 + b sin2 – a 2 b 2 sin 2
= 2 = 2
2 2
Question
= 2. 23 = 46 based on Equation of normal
Question
Q.11 The equation of the normal of the circle
based on Equation of tangent 2x2 + 2y2 – 2x – 5y – 7 = 0 passing through the
point (1, 1) is
Q.9 If the line 3x + 4y = m touches the circle (A) x + 2y – 3 = 0 (B) 2x + y – 3 = 0
x2 + y2 = 10x, then m is equal to - (C) 2x + 3y – 5 = 0 (D) None of these
(A) – 40, 10 (B) 40, – 10 Sol. [A]
(C) 40, 10 (D) –40, –10 2x2 + 2y2 – 2x – 5y – 7 = 0
Sol. [B] 5 7
x2 + y2 – x – y – =0
x2 + y2 = 10x 2 2
(5,0) Since normal of the circle passes its centre.
1 5
3x + 4y = m centre of circle is ,
2 4
perpendicular drawn from its centre = its radius
1 5
since normal passes , and (1, 1)
2 4
2
Radius of circle = (5) = 5
| 15 0 m | 5 1
Length of r = 5 1
4 1 2 1
9 16 slope of normal = 4
1 1 4 1 2
1
| 15 – m | = 25 15 – m = ± 25 2 2
m = – 10, 40 m = 40, – 10 equation of normal
1
Q.10 The value of p so that the straight line y – 1 = (x – 1)
2
x cos + y sin – p = 0 may touch the circle 2y – 2 = – x + 1
x2 + y2 – 2ax cos – 2by sin – a2 sin2 = 0 is - x + 2y – 3 = 0
(A) acos2 + bsin2 – a 2 b 2 sin 2
(B) acos2 – bsin2 – a 2 b 2 sin 2
Power by: VISIONet Info Solution Pvt. Ltd
Website : www.edubull.com Mob no. : +91-9350679141
3
Edubull
r s1 where r is radius of circle.
Question Length of tangent and pair of tangent
based on to a circle radius r = CQ = 1 4 20 = 5
Q.12 If 3x + y = 0 is a tangent to the circle with centre length of tangent PQ = s1
at the point (2, –1), then the equation of the other
= 256 49 32 28 20
tangent to the circle from the origin is -
(A) x – 3y = 0 (B) x + 3y = 0 = 15
(C) 3x – y = 0 (D) 2x + y = 0 Area = r s1 = 5 × 15 = 75 sq. unit
Sol. [A]
Let other tangent is y = mx mx – y = 0 Q.14 If OA and OB be the tangents to the circle
Also 3x + y = 0 is a tangent of the circle with x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y + 21 = 0 drawn from the
centre (2, – 1) origin O, then AB =
Length of perpendicular drawn from centre to 4
6 1 5 (A) 11 (B) 21
tangent 3x + y = 0 given by 5
9 1 10
and length of perpendicular drawn from centre to
17
(C) (D) None
mx – y = 0 is given by 3
2m 1 5 5 Sol. [B]
m2 1 10 2 A
21
2
(2m 1) 5 2
O 5 o C
m2 1 2 (0,0) (3,4)
5m2 + 5 = 2 (4m2 + 4m + 1) B
5m2 + 5 = 8m2 + 8m + 2
xx1 + yy1 + g(n + m) + f (y + y1) + c = 0
3m2 + 8m – 3 = 0
3m2 + 9m – m – 3 = 0 0 + 0 – 3x – 4y + 21 = 0
3m (m + 3) – 1 (m + 3) = 0 3x + 4y – 21 = 0
(m + 3) (3m – 1) = 0 9 16 21 4
1
m = –3, + 5 5
3
when m = – 3 , – 3x – y = 0 3x + y = 0 AO = AC 2 O1C2
1 1
when m = , x–y=0 = 4
16
3 3 25
3x + y = 0
100 16 84 2
= 21
25 5 5
AB = 2 AO
y = mx
2 4
x – 3y = 0 x – 3y = 0 =2× 21 = 21
5 5
Q.13 From a point P(16, 7), tangent PQ and PR are
drawn to the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 20 = 0. If Question Chord of contact
C be the centre then area of the quadrilateral based on
PQCR will be-
(A) 75 (B) 150 (C) 15 (D) None Q.15 The equation of the chord of contact of the
Sol. [A] circle x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y – 12 = 0 with respect to
Q the point (2, –3) is -
(A) 4x = 17 (B) 4y = 17
P C (C) 4x + y = 17 (D) None of these
(16,7) Sol. [A]
R
Chord of contact T = 0
Area of quadrilateral PQCR will be given by
xx1 + yy1 + g(x + x1) + f(y + y1) + c = 0
Power by: VISIONet Info Solution Pvt. Ltd
Website : www.edubull.com Mob no. : +91-9350679141
4
Edubull
2x – 3y + 2(x + 2) + 3 (y + (– 3)) + (– 12) = 0 3
4 x1 = 9
2x – 3y + 2x + 4 + 3y – 9 – 12 = 0 4
4x – 17 = 0 4x1 = 3 + 9 4x1 = 12
4x – 17 = 0 5
x1 = 3 and 4 y1 = 1
4x = 17 4
4y1 = – 4 y1 = – 1 (3, – 1)
Q.16 If the circles x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 bisects
the circumference of the circle x2 + y2+ 2g ' x + Q.18 The polar of the point (5, –1/2) with respect to
2 f ' y + c' = 0 then the length of the common the circle (x – 2)2 + y2 = 4 is-
chord of these two circles is - (A) 5x – 10y + 2 = 0 (B) 6x – y – 20 = 0
(C) 10x – y – 10 = 0 (D) x – 10y – 2 = 0
(A) 2 g 2 f 2 c (B) 2 g2 f 2 – c
Sol. [B]
(C) 2 g ' f ' – c'
2 2
(D) 2 g ' f ' c'
2 2 (x – 2)2 + y2 = 4
x2 + y2 – 4x = 0
Sol. [C]
x2 + y2 + 2gx +2fy +c = 0 1
x2 + y2 + 2g1x + 2f 'y +c1 = 0 the polar of 5, w.r.t. the circle
2
xx1 + yy1 + g(x + x1) + f(y + y1) + c = 0
y
5x – – 2 (x + 5) + 0 + 0 = 0
2
y
Required length of commgh chord will be the 5x – – 2x – 10 = 0
diameter of second circle. 2
y
Radius of second circle is 3x – – 10 = 0
2
g 2 f 2 c 6x – y – 20 = 0
diameter = 2 × Radius Q.19 The tangents drawn from origin to the circle
= 2 g f c
2 2 x2 + y2 – 2ax – 2by + b2 = 0 are perpendicular
to each other, if -
(A) a – b = 1 (B) a + b = 1
2 2
Question Director circle, pole and polar (C) a – b = 0 (D) a2 + b2 = 1
based on
Sol. [C]
SS1 = T2
Q.17 The pole of the straight line 9x + y – 28 = 0 with (x2 + y2 – 2ax – 2by + b2) (b2) = (– ax – by + b2)2
respect to the circle 2x2 + 2y2 – 3x + 5y – 7 = 0 is- b2 (x2 + y2 – 2ax – 2by + b2) = a2x2 + b2y2 +
(A) (3, 1) (B) (1, 3) (C) (3, –1) (D) (–3, 1) b4 + 2abxy – 2b3y – 2 ab2x
Sol. [C]
(a – b )x + …….
2 2 2
Given st. line is 9x + y – 28 = 0 …..(1)
Tangents are perpendicular
Given circle 2x2 + 2y2 – 3x + 5y – 7 = 0
coeff. of x2 + coeff. of y2 = 0
3 5 7
x2 + y2 – x + y – =0 a – b 2 + 0 = 0 a2 – b 2 = 0
2
2 2 2
Let pole is (x1, y1) then polar w.r.t. circle is Q.20 The polar of a point with respect to the circle
xx1 + yy1 + g(x + x1) + f(y + y1) + c = 0 x2 + y2 – 2x + c2 = 0 -
3 5 7 (A) passes through (,0)
xx1 + yy1 – (x + x1) + (y + y1) – = 0
4 4 2 (B) passes through a fixed point if = 2
3 5 3 5 7 (C) passes through a fixed point for all values of
x x 1 + y y1 – x1 + y1 – = 0
4 4 4 4 2 (D) is a tangent to the circle.
Sol. [C]
3 5
4x x 1 + 4y y1 – (3x1 – 5y1 + 14) = 0 Let point is (x1, y1) and its polar w.r.t. x2 + y2 –
4 4
2x + c = 0 is given by
compare with (1) we get xx1 + yy1 + g(x + x1) + f(y + y1) + c1 = 0
Power by: VISIONet Info Solution Pvt. Ltd
Website : www.edubull.com Mob no. : +91-9350679141
5
Edubull
xx1 + yy1 – (x + x1) + 0 + c2 = 0 Sol. [C]
O (0,0)
x(x1 – ) – x1 + yy1 + c2 = 0
Clearly, it passes through fixed point for all a
values of . x + my + n = 0
Q.21 If the polar of (p, q) with respect to the circle B A
x2 + y2 = a2 touches the circle
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2, then (hp + kq – a2)2 = Given live x + my + n = 0 ……..(1)
(A) r2 (p2 + q2) (B) r(p2 + q2) equation of line OA which is r to n + my + n =
(C) r2 (p2 – q2) (D) None of these 0 is given by
Sol. [A] mx – y + k = 0
Polar of (p, q) w.r.t. x2 + y2 = a2 is given by Since it passes (0, 0)
px + qy = a2 …….(1) k=0
2 2 2
This touches (x – h) + (y – k) = r mx – y = 0 ……(2)
perpendicular drawn from centre (h, k) to (1) from (1) & (2)
will be equal to radius r. x + my + n = 0 ……(1)
ph qk a 2 mx – y = 0 ……(2)
=r
mx + m2y + mm = 0 ……(3)
p2 q2
mx – 2y = 0 ……(4)
hp + kq – a2 = r p 2 q 2 – +
(hp + kq – a2)2 = r2(p2 + q2)
(m2 + 2) y = – mn
Question mn
Chord with mid point y= 2
based on
m2
Similarly, we get
Q.22 The equation of the chord of x2 + y2 – 6x + 8y = 0 n
bisected at the point (5, –3) is - x= 2
m2
(A) 2x + y = 7 (B) 2x – y = 7
n mn
(C) x + 2y = 7 (D) x – 2y = 7 2 , 2
Sol. [A] m m2
2
Use T = S1
x . 5 + y(–3) – 3(x + 5) + 4(y – 3) = 25 + 9 – 30 – 24 Question The diameter of a circle
based on
5x – 3y – 3x – 15 + 4y – 12 + 20 = 0
(5x – 3x) + (4y – 3y) – 7 = 0 Q.24 The equation of the diameter of the circle
2x + y – 7 = 0 2x + y = 7 x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y = 0 passing through the origin
is-
Q.23 The middle point of the chord intercepted on line (A) x + 2y = 0 (B) x – 2y = 0
x + my + n = 0 by the circle x2 + y2 = a2 is - (C) 2x + y = 0 (D) 2x – y = 0
n mn Sol. [C]
(A) 2 , 2 Since diameter of a circle passes its centre.
m m2
2
Centre of circle is (1, – 2)
– n mn equation of normal which passes origin
(B) 2 , 2
m m2
2
y = mx
– n – mn 2
=–2
(C) 2 , 2 where m is slope =
m m2
2 1
(D) None of these y = – 2x 2x + y = 0
Question Position of two circle
based on
Q.25 Circles x2 + y2 = 4 and x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 3 = 0
Power by: VISIONet Info Solution Pvt. Ltd
Website : www.edubull.com Mob no. : +91-9350679141
6
Edubull
(A) touch each other internally x2 + y2 +2gx + 2fy +c sin2+ (g2 + f 2) cos2 = 0.
(B) touch each other externally The angle between these tangents is-
(C) intersect each other (A) (B) 2 (C) /2 (D) /2
(D) do not intersect Sol. [B]
Sol. [C] x2 + y2 + 2gx + 3fy + c = 0
S1 : x2 + y2 = 4 C1 : (0, 0) r1 = 2
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c sin2 + (g2 + f2) cos2= 0
S2 : x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 3 = 0
Given circles are concentric
C2 : (1, 2), r2 = 2
r1 = g2 f 2 c
C1C2 = 1 4 5 = 2.2
r1 + r2 = 2 + 2 = 3.14 r2 = (g 2 f 2 ) (g 2 f 2 ) cos2 c sin 2
r1 – r2 = 2 – 2 = 0.6
r2 = (g 2 f 2 ) sin 2 c sin 2
r1 – r2 < C1C2 < r1 + r2
They intersect each other
= g 2 f 2 c sin
Q.26 The point of intersection of common transverse
tangents of two circles x2 + y2 – 24x +2y +120 = 0
and x2 + y2 + 20 x – 6y – 116 = 0 is - r1 r2
(A) (13,0) (B) (13/2, 0)
(C) (13,2) (D) None of these
Sol. [B] r2
Required angle = 2 sin–1
Given r1
S1 : x2 + y2 – 24x + 2y + 120 = 0
S2 : x2 + y2 + 20x – 6y – 116 = 0 g 2 f 2 c sin
= 2 sin–1
For S1 C1 = (12, –1), r1 = 144 1 120 5 g2 f 2 c
For S2 C2 = (– 10, 3), r2 = 100 9 116 15 = 2 sin–1 sin
C1C2 = 484 16 10 5 ~
22 = 2
r1 + r2 = 20
Q.28 The equation of the circle passing through the
c1c2 > r1 + r2
origin & cutting the circles
Separate each other
x2 + y2 – 4x+ 6y +10 = 0 and x2 + y2 +12y + 6 = 0
at right angles is -
(A) 2 (x2 + y2) – 7x + 2y = 0
(B) 2 (x2 + y2) – 7x – 2y = 0
C1 1 3 C2
(C) 2 (x2 + y2) + 7x – 2y = 0
(12,–1) P (–10,3) (D) 2 (x2 + y2) + 7x + 2y = 0
Sol. [A]
Let equation of circle is given by
Required point P will be x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 ……(1)
2 2
1(10) 3(12) 1(3) 3(1) it cuts the circle x + y – 4x + 6y + 10 = 0 and
, Also x2 + y2 + 12x + 6 = 0 at right angles.
1 3 1 3
2g1g2 + 2f1f2 = c1 + c2
26 13
= , 0 , 0 2g .(–2) + 2f(3) = c + 10
4 2
– 4g + 6f = c + 10 …... (2)
Question Angle of intersection of two circles
based on Also
2g(6) + 2f(0) = c + 6
Q.27 Tangents are drawn from a point of the circle 12g = c + 6 ……(3)
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 to the circle Since (1) passes through (0, 0)
c=0
Power by: VISIONet Info Solution Pvt. Ltd
Website : www.edubull.com Mob no. : +91-9350679141
7
Edubull
from (2) & (3) x2 + y2 + x cos + y sin – p – a2 = 0
– 4g + 6f = 10
its centre is cos , sin
and 12g = 6 2 2
1 it must lie on x cos + y sin – p = 0
g=
2
so cos2 – sin2 – p = 0
1
(– 4) + 6f = 10 2 2
2
(cos2 + sin2) – p = 0
6f = 12 2
f=2
=p
1 2
Reqd. circle is x2 + y2 + 2 . x+2.2.y=0
2 = – 2p
x2 + y2 + x + 4y = 0 put = – 2p in (1), we get
(x2 + y2 – a2) – 2p (x cos + y sin – p) = 0
Q.29 The circles x2 + y2 + x + y = 0 and
x2 + y2 – a2 – 2px cos – 2py sin + 2p2 = 0
x2 + y2 + x – y = 0 intersect at an angle of
x2 + y2 – 2px cos –2py sin + 2p2 – a2 = 0
(A) /6 (B) /4
(C) /3 (D) /2 Q.31 The radical axis of two circles-
(A) always intersects both the circles
Sol. [D]
(B) intersects only one circle
r12 r22 d 2 (C) bisects the line joining their centres
cos =
2r1r2 (D) bisects every common tangent to those
1 1 circles
Here r1 = , r2 = ,d= 1 =1 Sol. [D]
2 2
The radical axis of two circles bisects every
1 1 common tangent to these circles
1
cos = 2 2 Q.32 The equation of the circle which pass through
1
2. (2a, 0), whose radical axis in relation to the
2
cos = 0 1
circle x2 + y2 = a2 is x = a is -
2
= (A) x + y + 2ax = 0 (B) x2 + y2 – 2ax = 0
2 2
2
(C) x2 + y2 + ax = 0 (D) x2 + y2 – ax = 0
Question Sol. [B]
based on
Radical axis & Radical centre S + L = 0
(x2 + y2 – a2) + (2x – a) = 0
Q.30 The equation of the circle and its chord are Since it passes through (2a, 0)
respectively x2 + y2 = a2 and x cos + y sin = p. 4a2 – a2 + (4a – a) = 0
The equation of the circle of which this chord is 3a 2
a diameter is - 3a2 + 3a= 0 = – =–a
3a
(A) x2 + y2 – 2px cos –2py sin + 2p2 – a2 = 0 Reqd. circle is
(B) x2 + y2 – 2px cos – 2py sin + p2 – a2 = 0 (x2 + y2 – a2) – a(2x – a) = 0
(C) x2 + y2 +2px cos + 2py sin +2p2 – a2 = 0 x2 + y2 – a2 – 2xa + a2 = 0 x2 + y2 – 2ax = 0
(D) None of these
Sol. [A] Q.33 The radical centre of the following set of circles
x2 + y2 – 16x + 60 = 0, x2 + y2 – 12x + 27 = 0,
Required equation of circle is given by
and x2 + y2 – 12y + 8 = 0 is -
S + L = 0
33 20 20 33
(x + y2 – a2) + (x cos + y sin – p) = 0
2 (A) , (B) ,
4 3 3 4
……(1)
Power by: VISIONet Info Solution Pvt. Ltd
Website : www.edubull.com Mob no. : +91-9350679141
8
Edubull
31 20 x2 + y2 + 2x – 4y – 6 = 0 and its centre lies on
(C) , (D) None of these the line y = x. Its equation will be -
4 3
(A) 7(x2 + y2) – 10x – 10y – 12 = 0
Sol. [A]
Radical centre will be the common point of (B) 7(x2 + y2) – 10x – 10y – 1 = 0
S1 – S2 = 0 & S2 – S3 = 0 (C) x2 + y2 – 10x – 10y – 12 = 0
S1 – S2 = 0 (D) None of these
– 4x + 33 = 0 Sol. [A]
Reqd. equation of circle
33
x = …….(1) S + s= 0
4 (x2 + y2 – 6x + 2y + 4) + (x2 + y2 + 2x – 4y – 6) = 0
Also S2 – S3 = 0 ……(1)
– 12x + 12y + 19 = 0 x2 (1 + ) + y2 (1 + ) + x(2 – 6) + y
12x – 12y – 19 = 0 ……(2) (2 – 4) + 4 – 6 = 0
from (1) & (2) ( 2 6) ( 2 4 ) 4 6
x2 + y2 + x+ y+ =0
33 1 1 1
12 . – 12y – 19 = 0
4 Its centre lies on y = x
99 – 12y – 19 = 0 1 2 3
= 3 = 4
12y = 80 1 1
80 20 4
y= =
12 3 3
33 20 from (1), we get
, 4
4 3 (x2 + y2 – 6x + 2y + 4) + (x2 + y2 + 2x – 4y – 6) = 0
3
Question
3x + 3y – 18x + 6y + 12 + 4x2 + 4y2 + 6x
2 2
based on
Family of circles – 16y – 24 = 0
7x2 + 7y2 – 10x – 10y – 12 = 0
Q.34 The equation of the circle passing through the 7(x2 + y2) – 10x – 10y – 12 = 0
origin and through the points of intersection of Q.36 Equation of the circle whose radius is 5 and
circles x2 + y2 = 4 and x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 4 = 0 which touches externally the circle
is- x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 20 = 0 at the point (5, 5) is
(A) x2 + y2 – x – 2y = 0 (A) (x – 9)2 + (y – 6)2 = 52
(B) x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y = 0 (B) (x – 9)2 + (y – 8)2 = 52
(C) x2 + y2 + x + 2y = 0 (C) (x – 7)2 + (y – 3)2 = 52
(D) x2 + y2 + 2x + 4y = 0 (D) None of these
Sol. [B]
Sol. [A]
Reqd. equation of circle
S + S = 0
C1 5 5 C2
(x2 + y2 – 4) + (x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 4) = 0 (1,5)
……(1) (1,3)
Since it passes through origin therefore,
– 4 + (4) = 0
= 1 P(5, 5) is the mid point of C1 C2
from (1), we get 1 h 2k
= 5, =5
x2 + y2 – 4 + x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 4 = 0 2 2
h = 9, k=8
2x2 + 2y2 – 2x – 4y = 0
(9, 8)
x2 + y2 – x – 2y = 0
centre of reqd. circle is (9, 8), radius = 5
Reqd. circle equation
(x – 9)2 + (y – 8)2 = 52
Q.35 A circle passes through the point of intersection
(x – 9)2 + (y – 8)2 = 52
of circles x2 + y2 – 6x + 2y + 4 = 0 and
True or false type questions
Power by: VISIONet Info Solution Pvt. Ltd
Website : www.edubull.com Mob no. : +91-9350679141
9
Edubull
Q.37 If L1 = 0 and L2 = 0 are two parallel lines the required circle has (2, 3) on it,
touching a circle and L3 = 0 is a centre lines
meeting L1 = 0 & L2 = 0 at A and B then mid 1 + 4 + (4 + 3 – 3) = 0
point of A and B will be centre of circle.
Sol. [True] 5
= –
L3 = 0 4
L1 = 0 A
required circle is
9 13 23
mid x2 + y2 – x– y+ =0
point 2 4 4
L2 = 0 Q.40 The equation of curve of 2nd degree
B circumscribing a quadrilateral whose sides in
order are represented by the lines L1 = 0, L2 = 0,
L3 = 0 & L4 = 0 is given by L1L3 + L2L4 = 0,
Q.38 Line x + y – 1 = 0 intersects circle x2 + y2 = 4 at
is parameter.
A and B then equation of circle passing through
D C
A, B and C (2, 1) is 2x2 + 2y2 – x – y – 7 = 0.
L4
Sol. [True]
L1 L3
L2
A B
Sol.
Let ABCD is a quad. having sides
Equation of the circle passing through the (L1, L2, L3, L4) = 0
intersection point of then, equation of circumcircle of ABCD is which
S x2 + y2 – 4 = 0 is equation of curve of 2nd degree circumscribing
quad. is
and Lx+y–1=0
L1 L3 + (L2L4) = 0
can be written as
can be obtained by using
S + L = 0 where xR coefficient of x2 = coefficient of y2
i.e. (x + y2 – 4) + (x + y – 1) = 0
2
………() coefficient of xy = 0
(2, 1) lies on the required circle, it satisfies
equation ()
Fill in the blanks type questions
1 + 2 = 0
1 Q.41 An isosceles right angle triangle is inscribed in
=– the circle x2 + y2 = r2. If the co-ordinate of an
2
end of the hypotenuse are (a, b) then
required circle is
co-ordinates of the vertex are ...........
2x2 + 2y2 – x – y – 7 = 0
Sol.
Q.39 Equation of circle touching line 2x + y = 3 at A(a, b)
(1, 1) and also passing through point (2, 3) is
9 13 23 O(0,0)
x2 + y2 – x – y = 0.
2 4 4
Sol. [True]
(–a, –b)C B(h, k)
Equation of the circle touching the line ABC is right angled
2x + y = 3 at (1, 1) can be written as x2 + y2 = r2
AC is diameter
(x – 1)2 + (y – 1)2 + (2x + y – 3) = 0, R
Let third side be B(h, k)
Power by: VISIONet Info Solution Pvt. Ltd
Website : www.edubull.com Mob no. : +91-9350679141
10
Edubull
OA = OB S1 : x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y + 2 – c2 = 0
a 2 b2 = h 2 k 2 S2 : (x + 1)2 + (y – 1)2 = c2
h + k2 = a2 + b2
2
.....(1) S2 : (x + 1)2 + (y – 1)2 = c2
join OB x2 + y2 + 2x– 2y + 2 – c2 = 0
OB = OC common chord S1 – S2 = 0
OAB = OBA = 45º.
common chord S1 – S2 = 0
Hence AOB = 90º.
– 4x + 4y = 0
OB OA
m1m2 = –1 x–y=0
k b Length of perpendicular from (1,–1) to x – y = 0
× =–1
h a 1 1 2
P= = = 2 &r=c
ah 2 2
k=– ....(2)
b
length of chord = 2 r 2 – p 2
Put (2) and (1)
a 2h 2 = 2 c2 – 2
h2 + 2
= a2 + b 2
b
h2 = b2 = 2 c2 – 2
h=±b
k=a
Q.42 The length of common chord of the circles
(x – 1)2 + (y + 1)2 = c2 and (x + 1) 2 + (y – 1)2 = c2
is ..............
Sol. S1 : (x – 1)2 + (y + 1)2 = c2
Power by: VISIONet Info Solution Pvt. Ltd
Website : www.edubull.com Mob no. : +91-9350679141
11
Edubull
EXERCISE # 2
Only single correct answer type Q.3 Let (x , y) = 0 be the equation of a circle. If
Part-A (0, ) = 0 has equal roots = 2, 2 and
questions
4
Q.1 If a line is drawn through a fixed point (, 0) = 0 has roots = , 5 then the centre
5
P() to cut the circle x2 + y2 = a2 at A and B,
of the circle is –
then PA . PB = (A) (2, 29/10) (B) (29/10, 2)
(A) |22| (B) |22– a2| (C) (– 2, 29/10) (D) None of these
2
(C) |a | (D) |22+ a2| Sol. [B]
Sol. [B] Let S = x2 + y2 – a2 = 0 Let (x, y) x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
(0, ) = 0 + 2 + 0 + 2f + c = 0
T have equal roots.
2f c
then 2 + 2 = – and 2.2 =
1 1
(,) P A B f = –2 & c = 4
and (l, 0) 2 + 0 + 2g + 0 + c = 0
PA.PB = PT2 where PT is length of tangent 2 + 2g + 4 = 0
PA.PB = s1 2 Here c = 4
4
2 + 2g + 4 = 0
PA.PB = s1 have roots , 5
5
PA.PB = 2 + 2 – a2 4 29
+ 5 = – 2g g = –
5 10
Q.2 , and are the parametric angles of three centre (–g, – f)
points P, Q and R respectively on the circle 29
,2
x2 + y2 = 1 and A is the point (–1, 0). If the 10
lengths of the chords AP, AQ and AR are in Q.4 The equation of the circle of radius 22 whose
centre lies on the line x – y = 0 and which
G.P., then cos , cos and cos are in -
2 2 2 touches the line x + y = 4, and whose centre's
(where , , (0, )) coordinates satisfy the inequality x + y > 4 is
(A) A.P. (B) G.P. (C) H.P. (D) None (A) x2 + y2 – 8x – 8y + 24 = 0
Sol. [B] (B) x2 + y2 = 8
Coordinates of P, Q, R are (cos, sin), (C) x2 + y2 – 8x – 8y = 24
(cos, sin) and (cos, sin) respecively. (D) None of these
Also, A (–1, 0) Sol. [A]
Let centre (t, t)
AP = (1 cos)2 sin 2
tt–4
= 2 cos /2 radius = = 2 2
2
AQ = (1 cos) 2 sin 2 so, |2t – 4| = 4
= 2 cos /2 2t – 4 = ± 4
i.e. t = 4, 0
AR = (1 cos ) 2 sin 2 centre = (4, 4); (0, 0)
= 2 cos /2 satisfying x + y > 4
AP, AQ, AP are in G.P. then centre (4, 4), radius 2 2
equation of circle
cos , cos , cos are also in G.P.
2 2 2
(x – 4)2 + (y – 4)2 = ( 2 2 )2
x2 + y2 – 8x – 8y + 16 + 16 = 8
x2 + y2 – 8x – 8y + 24 = 0
12
Edubull
Q.5 The values of p for which the power of a point – 4C2 – 16C + 244 = 0
(2, 5) is negative with respect to circle C2 + 4C – 61 = 0
x2 + y2 – 8x – 12y + p = 0 which neither C1 & C2 are roots of the equation
touches the axis nor cuts them are
C1 + C2 = – 4
(A) p (1, 2) (B) p (13, 27)
(C) p (36, 47) (D) p (49, 52) Q.7 For what number of real values of line
Sol. [C] y
We have x2 + y2 – 8x + 12y + p = 0 x + + 1 = 0 touches circle
Then centre and radius of the circle are (4,6) and x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y + 1 = 0
52 – p respectively. (A) One (B) two (C) zero (D) four
Sol. [C]
circle neither cuts nor touches any one of the
Given circle is
axes of co-ordinate of centre > radius then
x coordinate of centre > radius x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y + 1 = 0
(x – 1)2 + (y – 1)2 = 1
i.e. 4 > 52 – p
Whose centre is (1, 1) and radius = 1
p > 36 ...........(i) y
If x + + 1 = 0 touches the circle, then length
and y-co-ordinate of centre > radius
6> 52 – p of perpendicular drawn from its centre to the line
must be equal to its radius.
p > 16 ..........(ii)
1
y 1
C(4,6) =1
1
2
2
D(2,5)
x
O 1 1
+ 1 = 2 2
D is interior point of the circle then
on squaring
CD < radius 5 < 52 – p 2
1 1 1
p < 47 + 1 + 2 = 2 + 2
.............(iii)
From (i), (ii), (iii) we obtain
1 2 1
36 < p < 47 2 + +2+1+2 = 2 + 1
2 2
p (36, 47)
3 + 22 + 2 = 0
Q.6 C has two values C1 and C2 for which y = 2x + C 22 + 3 + 2 = 0
touches a circle x2 + y2 – 4x –4y – 5 = 0 then
its D < 0 since b2 – 4ac = 9 – 4 × 2 × 2 = – 7 < 0
C1 + C2 is equal to-
There is no real value of possible
(A) 2 65 (B) 4 (C) – 4 (D) – 2 65
Sol. [C] Q.8 The length of the tangent drawn from any point
y = 2x + C touches the circle on the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + = 0 to the
x2 + y2 – 4x – 4y – 5 = 0 circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + = 0 is
x2 + (2x + C)2 – 4x – 4 (2x + C) – 5 = 0 (A) – (B) –
x + 4x + C + 4xC – 4x – 8x – 4C – 5 = 0
2 2 2
(C) (D) /
x2 + 4x2 + C2 + 4xC – 4x – 8x –4C – 5 = 0
Sol. [A]
5x2 + x (4C – 12) – (4C + 5 – C2) = 0 Let (x1, y1) is the point on the given circle
D=0 x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + = 0
(4C – 12)2 – 4.5 (C2 – 4C – 5) = 0 (x1,y1) satisfies the circle
16C2 + 144 – 96C – 20C2 + 80C + 100 = 0 x12 + y12 + 2gx1 + 2fy1 + = 0
13
Edubull
x12 + y12 + 2gx1 + 2fy1 = – ......(i) 15 20 5
Length of tangent from (x1,y1) to the circle (A) 20 (B) (C) (D)
2 3 2
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + = 0
Sol. [C]
is x12 y12 2gx1 2fy1
= – = –
(0,0)O 30º
30º (–a,–b)
Q.9 If the chord of contact of the pair of tangents 60º
from P to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 which touches
the circle x2 + y2 – 2ax = 0, then the locus of P is - g2 f 2 – c
(A) y2 = a (a – 2x) (B) x2 + y2 = (x + a) 2 We know that tan =
2 2 s1
(C) x = a(a – 2y) (D) None of these
Sol. [A] a 2 b2 – 5
Let P(h, k) be the point of intersection of the tan 30º =
5
tangents at the extrmities of the chord AB of the
circle x2 + y2 = a2. since AB is the chord of 1 a 2 b2 – 5
contact of the tangents from P to this circle, its =
3 5
equation is hx + ky = a2. If this line touches the
on squaring
circle x2 + y2 – 2ax = 0, then
1 a 2 b2 – 5 5
h.a k.0 – a 2 = a2 + b 2 – 5 =
=±a 3 5 3
h2 k2 5 20
(h–a)2 = h2 + k2 a2 + b 2 = 5 + a2 + b 2 =
3 3
locus of (h, k) is (a, b) lies on circle x2 + y2 = r2
(x – a)2 = x2 + y2 or y2 = a (a – 2x) 20
r2 =
Q.10 The lengths of the tangents from any point on 3
the circle 15x2 + 15y2 – 48x + 64y = 0 to the 20
r=
two circles 5x2 + 5y2 – 24x + 32y + 75 = 0 and 3
5x2 + 5y2 – 48x + 64y + 300 = 0 are in the ratio
Q.12 Locus of mid point of chord AB of a circle
(A) 1 : 2 (B) 2 : 3 (C) 3 : 4 (D) None
x2 + y2 = 4 which subtends 90º angle at
Sol. [A]
Since (0, 0) lies on the circle (1, 0) is-
15x2 + 15y2 – 48x + 64y = 0 (A) x2 + y2 + y + 3 = 0
length of tangent from (0, 0) to first circle is (B) x2 + y2 – x – 3/2 = 0
(C) x2 + y2 – y – 3/2 = 0
1 = 75
(D) none of these
and lengths of tangent from (0,0) to the second Sol. [B]
circle
y
2 = 300
A
75
1 =
2 300
N (h,k)
5 3 P
1 = O (1,0) x
2 10 3 B
1
=
2
1 : 2 = 1 : 2
Q.11 If circle x2 + y2 + 2ax + 2by + 5 = 0 subtends Let N (h, k) be the middle point of chord AB
angle 60º at origin then (a, b) lies on circle which subtends 90º angle at (1, 0)
whose radius is equal to - since APB = 90º
14
Edubull
NA = NB = NP 2
(x1, y1) – a 1 , – a m1 lies on 2x+m2y+n2 = 0
2
(since distance of the vertices from mid-point of n1 n1
the hypotenuse are equal)
a 21 a 2 m1
or (NA)2 = (NB)2 = (h – 1)2 + (k – 0)2 .......(i) 2 – + m2 – + n2 = 0
n1 n1
But also BNO = 90º
(OB)2 = (ON)2 + (NB)2 a 2 12 a 2 m1m 2
– – + n2 = 0
– (NB)2 = (ON)2 – (OB)2 n1 n1
– [(h – 1)2 + (k – 0)2] = (h2 + k2) – 4 – a212 – a2m1m2 + n1n2 = 0
or 2(h2 + k2) – 2h + 1 – 4 = 0 – a2 (12 + m1m2) + n1n2) = 0
or h2 + k2 – h – 3/2 = 0 – a2 (12 + m1m2) = – n1n2
locus is a2 (12 + m1m2) = n1n2
x2 + y2 – x – 3/2 = 0 Q.15 The Locus of the middle point of chords of the
circle x2 + y2 = a2 which passes through the
Q.13 The locus of a point such that the tangents
fixed point (h, k) is .
drawn from it to the circle x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y = 0 (A) x2 + y2 – hx – ky = 0
are perpendicular to each other is (B) x2 + y2 + hx + ky = 0
(A) x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y – 25 = 0 (C) x2 + y2 – 2hx – 2ky = 0
(B) x2 + y2 + 6x – 8y – 5 = 0 (D) None of these
(C) x2 + y2 – 6x + 8y – 5 = 0 Sol. [A]
(D) x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y + 25 = 0 Let mid-point of circle is (x1, y1)
Sol. [A] T = S1
Given circle is xx1 + yy1 – a2 = x12 + y12 – a2
(x – 3)2 + (y – 4)2 = 25 xx1 + yy1 = x12 + y12 x12 + y12 – xx1 – yy1 = 0
since locus of point of intersection of two since it passes (h, k)
perpendicular tangents is director circle, then its x1 + y12 –hx1 – ky1 = 0
2
equation is locus of (x1, y1) is given by
(x – 3)2 + (y – 4)2 = 50 x2 + y2 – hx – ky = 0
x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y – 25 = 0 Q.16 If the circle x2 + y2 + 4x + 22y + c = 0 bisects
the circumference of the circle
Q.14 Two lines 1x + m1y + n1 = 0 and 2x + m2y + n2 = x2 + y2 – 2x + 8y – d = 0, then c + d =
0 are conjugate lines with respect to the circle (A) 60 (B) 50 (C) 40 (D) 56
x2 + y2 = a2 if - Sol. [B]
(A) 12 + m1m2 = n1n2 S1 x2 + y2 + 4x + 22y + c = 0
(B) 12 + m1m2 + n1n2 = 0 S2 x2 + y2 – 2x + 8y – d = 0
(C) a2 (12 + m1m2) = n1n2 S1 – S2 = 0
(D) 12 + m1m2 = a2 n1n2 6x + 14 y + (c + d) = 0
Sol. [C] since it passes the centre of S2 i.e. (1, – 4)
Since 1x + m1y + n1 = 0 and 2x + m2y + n2 = 0 6 – 56 + (c + d) = 0
are conjugate lines. c + d = 50
let (x1,y1) be the polar then its polar is
Q.17 The equation of a circle is x2 + y2 = 4. The
xx1 + yy1 = a xx1 + yy1 – a = 0
2 2
centre of the smallest circle touching this circle
and 1x + m1y + n1 = 0 and the line x + y = 52 has the coordinates
– a2 7 7 3 3
x1 y
= 1 = (A) , (B) ,
1 m1 n1 2 2 2 2 2 2
7 7
a 2 1 – a 2 m12 (C) – ,– (D) None of these
x1 = – ; y1 =
n1 n1 2 2 2 2
Sol. [A]
15
Edubull
(0,0) (A) 2 2 (B) 4 2 (C) 6 2 (D) 8 2
O Sol. [B]
2
B
(1,3)
C C
3 1
D
A x+y=5 2
A 2 2 (1,2) B
Here OB = radius = 2 Minimum length of chord = AB
The distance of (0, 0) from x + y = 5 2 is 5 = 2AD
5–2 3 = 2.2 2
The radius of the smallest circle = =
2 2 =4 2
3 7
and OC = 2 + = Q.20 The equation of a chord of the circle
2 2 x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y = 0 is given by x + 2y = 0.
The slope of OA = 1 = tan The equation of the circle described on this
1 1 chord as diameter is
cos = , sin =
2 2 (A) 5(x2 + y2) + 28x + 14y = 0
C = (0 + OC. cos, 0+ OC sin) (B) 5(x2 + y2) + 28x – 14y = 0
(C) x2 + y2 + 28x – 14y = 0
7 1 7 1 (D) 5(x2 + y2) – 28x – 14y = 0
= 0 . ,0 .
2 2 2 2 Sol. [B]
7 7 We have
= , S + L = 0
2 2 2 2
(x2 + y2+ 4x – 6y)+ (x + 2y) = 0
Q.18 The circle x2 + y2 – 2px = a2 – p2 lies within the x2 + y2+ x (4 + ) + y (2 – 6) = 0
circle x2 + y2 – 2qx = b2 – q2 if 4
(A) p2 + q2 – a2 – b2 < 2 (pq – ab) its centre is – , – ( – 3)
2
(B) p2 + q2 – a2 – b2 > 2 (pq – ab)
4
(C) p2 + q2 – a2 – b2 < 2 (pq + ab) – , 3 – )
(D) None of these 2
Sol. [A] This centre must lie on x + 2y = 0
S1 x2 + y2 – 2px – a2 + p2 = 0 4
.........(i) – + 2 (3 – ) = 0
S2 x2 + y2 – 2qx – b2 + q2 = 0 .........(ii) 2
–( + 4) + 4 (3 – ) = 0
C1 : (p, 0) r1 : p2 a 2 – p2 = a – – 4 + 12 – 4 = 0
– 5 = – 8
C2 : (q, 0) r2 : q 2 b2 – q 2 = b
= 8/5
C1C2 = (p – q) 2 = p – q Reqd. circle is
8
r1– r2 = a – b = a – b (x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y) + (x + 2y) = 0
since one circle lies within the other circle 5
C1C2 < |r1 – r2| (C1C2)2 < |r1 – r2|2 5x2 + 5y2 + 20x – 30y + 8x + 16 y = 0
5x2 + 5y2 + 28x – 14y = 0
(p – q)2 < (a – b)2
5(x2 + y2) + 28x – 14y = 0
p2 + q2 – 2pq < a2 + b2 – 2ab
p2 + q2 – a2 – b2 < 2pq – 2ab Q.21 The common chord of the circle
p2 + q2 – a2 – b2 < 2(pq – ab) x2 + y2 + 6x + 8y – 7 = 0 and a circle passing
through the origin, and touching the line y = x,
Q.19 For the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 6y + 1 = 0 the
always passes through the point
chord of minimum length and passing through
(A) (– 1/2, 1/2) (B) (1, 1)
(1, 2) is of length-
(C) (1/2, 1/2) (D) None of these
16
Edubull
Sol. [C] Q.23 The circle passing through three distinct points
Let the second circle be (1, t), (t, 1) and (t, t) passes through the point
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy = 0 (A) (1, 1) (B) (–1, –1)
The common chord has the equation (C) (–1, 1) (D) (1, –1)
2(g – 3)x + 2(f – 4) y + 7 = 0 Sol. [A]
But y =x touches the circle Let the equation of circle is
x2 + x2+ 2gx + 2fx = 0 has equal roots
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
i.e. f + g = 0
It is passing through (1, t), (t, 1) and (t,t)
the equation of the common chord is
2(g – 3)x + 2(f – 4) y + 7 = 0 than 1 + t2 + 2g + 2ft + c = 0 .....(i)
2
or (–6x – 8y + 7) + g (2x – 2y) = 0 t + 1 + 2gt + 2f + c = 0 ......(ii)
which passes through the point of intersection 2t2 + 2gt + 2ft + c = 0 ........(iii)
of – 6x – 8y + 7 = 0 and 2x – 2y = 0 on solving (i), (ii) & (iii), we get
6x + 8y – 7 = 0 & x = y 2g (t – 1) + 2f (1 – t) = 0
6x + 8y – 7 = 0
or g – f = 0 and t2 – 1 + 2f (t – 1) = 0
14x = 7
( t 1)
x=
7
=
1 f=– =g
14 2 2
1 1 from (iii), 2t2 – t(t+1) – t (t+1)+ c = 0 [c = 2t]
x=y= ,
2 2 x2 + y2 – (t + 1)x – (t + 1)y + 2t = 0
(x2 + y2 – x – y) – t (x + y – 2) = 0
Q.22 The members of a family of circles are given by
P + Q = 0 P = 0 and Q = 0
the equation 2(x2 + y2) + x – (1 + 2) y – 10 = 0. 2 2
Then x + y – x – y = 0 ..........(iv)
The number of circles belonging to the family
that are cut orthogonally by the fixed circle x+y–2=0 ......(v)
x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y + 3 = 0 is form (iv) & (v)
(A) 2 (B) 1 x = 1 and y = 1
(C) 0 (D) None of these (1, 1)
Sol. [A]
Q.24 If the radical axis of the circles
1 2
2 2
x +y + x– y–5=0 x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 and
2 2
2x2 + 2y2 + 3x + 8y + 2c = 0 touches the circle
and x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y + 3 = 0 x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y + 1 = 0, then
cut orthogonally; if (A) g = 3/4 and f 2 (B) g 3/4 and f = 2
1 2 (C) g = 3/4 or f = 2 (D) None of these
2. .2+2. – .3=–5+3
4 4 Sol. [C]
The given circles are
3
– (1 + 2) = – 2 S1 : x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
2
3
2 – 3 – 32= – 4 S2 : x2 + y2 + x + 4y + c = 0
2
32 – 2 – 1 = 0 The equation of the radical axis of the two circles
32 – 3 + – 1 = 0 is
3(– 1) + 1 ( – 1) = 0 S1 – S2 = 0
( – 1) (3 + 1) = 0 3
i.e. 2g – x + (2f – 4)y = 0
1 2
= 1, –
3 i.e. (4g – 3)x + (4f – 8)y = 0
Two real values of since it touches the circle x2+y2+2x + 2y + 1 = 0
Hence There are two circles belonging to this S1 –S2 = 0
family.
17
Edubull
(4g – 3)(–1) (4f – 8)(–1)
=1 – 2, 2 2, 2
(4g – 3) 2 (4f – 8) 2
(4g – 3)2 + (4f – 8)2 + 2(4g – 3) (4f – 8)
= (4g – 3)2 + (4f – 8)2
(4g – 3)(4f – 8) = 0 g = 3/4 or f = 2 2 ,– 2
Q.25 The coordinates of the radical centre of the
three circles x2 + y2 = 9, x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y = 5
Clearly from above diagram
and x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y = 19 are
Required co-ordinates of Q are given by
(A) (– 1, 1) (B) (1, – 1)
(C) (1, 1) (D) (0, 0) (– 2 , 2 ) and ( 2 ,– 2 )
Sol. [C] Q.28 If A and B are two points on the circle
x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y – 3 = 0 which are farthest and
S1 = x2 + y2 – 9 = 0
nearest respectively from the point (7, 2) then
S2 = x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y – 5 = 0
(A) A = (2 – 22, – 3 – 22)
S3 = x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y – 19 = 0
(B) B = (2 + 22, – 3 + 22)
S1 – S2 = 0 & S2 – S3 = 0 2x + 2y – 4 = 0
x + y – 2 = 0 ..............(1)
(C) A = (2 + 22, – 3 + 22)
from S2 – S3, (D) B = (2 – 22, – 3 + 22)
– 6x – 8y + 14 = 0 Sol. [A,B]
3x + 4y – 7 = 0 ..........(ii)
from (i) & (ii) we get r
3x + 3y – 6 = 0 P 4 C 4
3x + 4y – 7 = 0
– – +
–y +1=0 –3 – 2 –5
Slope of PC = = =1
y=1 2–7 –5
x=1 If tan = 1, = 45º
Radical centre is (1, 1) Equation of PA is
x–7 y–2
Q.26 The radical centre of three circles described on = =r
the three sides of a triangle as diameter is the 1/ 2 1/ 2
(A) orthocentre (B) circumcentre r r
7 ,2 lie on circle then
(C) incentre (D) centroid 2 2
Sol. [A] 2 2
r r r
The radical centre of three circles described on 7 + 2 – 4 7
the three sides of a triangle as diameter is the 2 2 2
orthocentre of the triangle. r
+ 6 2 – 3 = 0
One or more than one correct 2
Part-B
answer type questions
r2 + 10 2 r + 34 = 0
Q.27 P(2, 2) is a point on the circle x2 + y2 = 4 and
r = –5 2 ± 4
Q is another point on the circle such that arc
–5 2 4 – 5 2 4
1 points are 7 ,2
PQ = × circumference. The coordinates of
4 2 2
Q are (2 ± 2 2 , – 3 + 2 2 )
(A) (–2, –2) (B) (2, –2)
B (2 + 2 2 , –3 + 3 2 )
(C) (–2, 2) (D) None of these
Sol. [B,C] A (2 –2 2 , –3 –2 2 )
18
Edubull
Q.29 If (a cos i, a sin i ) i = 1, 2, 3 represent the Q.31 Equations of a circle which touches the axes and
vertices of an equilateral triangle inscribed in a x/a + y/b = 1, centre being in positive quadrant
circle, then is x2 + y2 – 2rx – 2ry + r2 = 0, where r =
(A) cos 1 + cos 2 + cos 3 = 0 a b a 2 b2 a b a 2 b2
(B) sin 1 + sin 2 + sin 3 = 0 (A) (B)
2 2
(C) tan 1 + tan 2 + tan 3 = 0
ab ab
(D) cot 1 + cot 2 + cot 3 = 0 (C) (D)
Sol. [A,B] a b a 2 b2 a b a 2 b2
(acos1, asin1) Sol. [B,C,D]
A
(0,b)
x y
1
a b
r (r,r)
C
B (acos3, asin3)
(acos2, asin2) r
ABC is an equilateral triangel
(a,0)
Since (acosi; a sini) lie on the circle whose
equation is x2 + y2 = r2 whose centre is (0, 0) and x y
radius = r circle touches + =1
a b
since centre of circle and centroid of ABC are p=r
the same point r r
centroid of ABC is given by –1
a b
a cos 1 a cos 2 a cos 3 =r
=0 1 1
3
a sin 1 a sin 2 a sin 3 a 2 b2
and =0
3 r r 1 1
–1 = r
cos1 + cos2 + cos3 = 0 a b a 2
b2
and sin1 + sin2 + sin3 = 0
ab a 2 b2
Q.30 If the circle x2 + y2 + ax + by + c = 0 meets the r ±r =1
ab a 2b2
axis of x at (, 0) and (, 0) such that
+ = then (, ) are the roots of the ab a 2 b2
equation. r ±r =1
ab ab
(A) x2 + ax – a = 0 (B) x2 – cx + c = 0
r [(a + b) ± a 2 b 2 ] = ab
2
(C) x + bx – b = 0 (D) x2 – bx + b = 0
Sol. [A,B] ab
x2 + y2 + ax + by + c = 0 meets the x-axis r=
x2 + ax + c = 0 a b a 2 b2
its roots are & r =
ab
&r=
ab
+=a a b a 2 b2 a b – a 2 b2
= c
a b a 2 b2 a b a 2 b2
r= =
(a b ) 2 – (a 2 b 2 ) 2ab
a b a 2 b2 a b – a 2 b2
(,0) (,0) r = or
2 2
Q.32 The equation of one of the tangents from
equation of whose roots are , & are
(1, 1) to a circle with its centre at (3, 0) is
x2 – x( + ) + = 0 x2 – x(–a) + c = 0
3x + y – 4 = 0. The equation of the other tangent is-
x2 + ax + c = 0 x2 + ax – a = 0 (A) 5x – y – 4 = 0 (B) 3y – x – 2 = 0
[ + = c = –a] and x2 – cx + c = 0 (C) 3y + x – 4 = 0 (D) 3x – y – 2 = 0
Sol. [A,B,D]
19
Edubull
for (3, – 4) 9 + 16 + 6g – 8f + c = 0
3x+y–4=0 6g – 8f + c + 25 = 0 .……(ii)
for (– g, 0) g2 – 2g2 + c = 0
(3,0) g2 = c …….(iii)
(1,1) from (i) & (ii) 4g – 8f + 2c + 10 = 0
6g – 8f + c + 25 = 0
mx – y + (1 – m) = 0 – + – –
– 2g + c – 15 = 0
Let equation of tangent is
2g = c – 15
y – 1 = m (n – 1)
y – 1 = mx – m (i) × 2
mx – y + (1 – m) = 0 from (iii) c = g2 putting in this equation
3(3) 0 – 4 3m – 0 1(1 – m) g2 – 2g – 15 = 0
= g2 – 5g + 3g – 15 = 0
9 1 m2 1
g(g – 5) + 3(g – 5) = 0
5 2m 1 (g – 5) (g + 3) = 0
=
10 m2 1 g = – 3, 5
25 (m + 1) = (2m + 1)2 .10
2 C = 9, 25 when g = –3, 5 responsing
5m2 + 5 = 8m2 + 8m + 2 when g = –3, c = 9, we get
3m2 + 9m – m – 3 = 0 2(–3) – 4f + 9 + 5 = 0
3m (m + 3) – 1 (m + 3) = 0 f=2
(m + 3) (3m – 1) = 0 when g = 5, c = 25 we get
m = – 3, 1/3 10 – 4f + 30 = 0
f = 10
but m –3
Reqd. equation of circle is given by
1
m= when g = – 3, f = 2, c = 9
3 x2 + y2 – 6x + 4y + 9 = 0 Ans.
x 1 find when g = 5, f = 10, c = 25
– y + 1 – = 0
3 3 x2 + y2 + 10x + 20y + 25 = 0
x 2
–y+ =0
3 3 Part-C Assertion-Reason type questions
x – 3y + 2 = 0
3y – x – 2 = 0 The following questions 34 to 37 consists of
two statements each, printed as Assertion
Q.33 Equation of circles which pass through the and Reason. While answering these
point (1, –2) and (3, –4) and touch the x-axis is- questions you are to choose any one of the
(A) x2 + y2 + 6x + 2y + 9 = 0 following four responses.
(B) x2 + y2 + 10x + 20y + 25 = 0 (A) If both Assertion and Reason are true
(C) x2 + y2 – 6x + 4y + 9 = 0 and the Reason is correct explanation of
(D) None of these the Assertion.
Sol. Since required circles passes through (1, –2) and (B) If both Assertion and Reason are true
(3, – 4) and also touches x-axis but Reason is not correct explanation of
Let equation of circle is the Assertion.
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 ………(1) (C) If Assertion is true but the Reason is
Its centre is (– g, – f)
false.
(D) If Assertion is false but Reason is true
(–g,–f)
Q.34 Assertion (A) : Two distinct chords drawn
x-axis from the point (3, 1) on the circle
(–g,0) x2 + y2 – 3x – y = 0 are bisected by the x-axis.
Reason (R) : If point of bisection is (h, 0) then
it touches x-axis at (–g, 0) so it is equation of chord given by T = S1 passing
also passes (– g, 0) through (3, 1) will be quadratic in h giving two
Now we have to find equation of circle which distinct values of h.
passes the three point (1, –2), (3, –4) and (–g, 0)
for (1, – 2) 1 + 4 + 2g – 4f + c = 0 Sol. [A]
2g – 4f + c + 5 = 0 ……..(i)
20
Edubull
P cuts the 3 circles orthogonally & is called as
radical or orthogonal circle.
A (h,0) Reason is correct but it is not correct explanation.
(3, 1)
C Q.37 Assertion (A) : If a line L = 0 is tangent to the
circle S = 0, then it will also be a tangent to the
(y = 0)
circle S + L = 0.
S x2 + y2 – 3x – y = 0 Reason (R) : If a line touches a circle, then
perpendicular distance of the line from the
Let the mid point on the chord be (h, 0), hR centre of the circle is equal to the radius of the
circle.
then, equation of chord is given by Sol. [B]
L=0
T = S1
3 1
i.e., hx + 0.y – (x + h) – (y + 0)
2 2
as shown in figure 1
= h2 – 3h
3 3 y Part-D Column Matching type questions
i.e., hx – x+ h– – h2 = 0
2 2 2
Q.38
it satisfies (3, 1), Column 1 Column 2
(A) Circles x2 + y2 – 5x – 3 = 0 (P) Line joining
3 3 1 and centres of two
3h – h – h2 = 0 3x2 + 3y2+2x + 4y – 6 = 0 circles is x + y = 3
2 2 2
(B) x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 5 = 0, (Q) Radical axis of
9 x2 + y2 – 4x – 2y – 3 = 0 this two circles is
h2 + h–2=0 17x + 4y + 3 = 0
2
(C) x2 + y2 = 9, (R) Radical axis of two
2
2h + 9h – 4 = 0 x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y – 5 = 0 circles x + y = 2
(D) Equation of common (S) 2x + y + 1 = 0
D = 92 – 4.2.(– 4) = 81 + 32 = 113 > 0 chord of circles
it shows that two such chords are possible x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y + 1 = 0
and
Q.35 Assertion (A) : Angle between line x + y = 3
x2 + y2 + 4x + 3y + 2 = 0 is
and circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – c2 = 0 will not
depend on c.
Sol. A Q, B P, C R, D S
Reason (R) : As line passes through centre of
(A) S1 : x2 + y2 – 5x – 3 = 0 ........(i)
circle so angle is 90º.
S2 : 3x2 + 3y2 + 2x + 4y – 6 = 0
Sol. [A]
2 4
the centre (1, 2) lies on the line x + y = 3 x2 + y2 + x + y – 2 = 0 ....(ii)
3 3
this is a diameter of the circle. Therefore, it S1 – S2 = 0
2 4
subtends angle at any point on the circle. – 5x – x – y – 3 + 2 = 0
2
3 3
Q.36 Assertion (A) : If three circles which are such (– 15x – 2x) – 4y – 3 = 0
that their centres are non-colliner, then exactly 17x + 4y + 3 = 0
one circle exists which cuts the three circles (B) S1 : x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 5 = 0
orthogonally. S2 : x2 + y2 – 4x – 2y – 3 = 0
Reason (R) : Radical axis for two intersecting S1 – S2 = 0
circles is the common chord. – 2x – 2y – 2 = 0
Sol.[B] Assertion (A) x+y+1=0
If 3 circles which are such that their centers are C1 : (1, 2) C2 (2, 1)
non-collinear, then exactly one circle exists which y – 2 = – 1 (x – 1)
y – 2 = –x + 1
21
Edubull
x+y=3
line joining centre of two circle
is x + y = 3 (D) r=2
(C) S1 : x2 + y2 = 9 .........(i)
S2 : x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y – 5 = 0 ........(ii) (0, 2 )
S1 – S2 = 0 2 3
2x + 2y – 4 = 0
x+y=2
( 3 , 2 ) lies inside the circle
(D) S1 – S2 = 0 2x + y + 1 = 0
S = x2 + y2 – 2 2 y – 2 = 0
Q.39 Column-1 Column-2
(A) Number of values of a for which (P) 4 r1 = 2 3 and r2 = 2 3
the common chord of the circles r r
mean = 1 2 = 2
x2 + y2 = 8 and (x – a)2 + y2 = 8 2
subtends a right angle at the origin is (Q) 2
(B) A chord of the circle (x–1)2 + y2= 4 Q.40 Column-1 Column-2
lies along the line y = 22 3 (x–1). (A) Number of common tangents of (P) 1
The length of the chord is equal to the circles x2 + y2 – 2x = 0 and
(C) The number of circles touching all (R) 0 x2 + y2 + 6x – 6y + 2 = 0 is
the three lines 3x + 7y = 2, (B) Number of indirect common (Q) 2
21x + 49y=5 and 9x + 21y=1 are tangents of the circles
(D) If radii of the smallest and largest (S) 1 x2 + y2 –10y – 4x + 4 = 0
circle passing through the point & x2 + y2 – 6x – 12y –55 = 0 is
(C) Number of common tangents of (R) 3
( 3 , 2 ) and touching the circle the circles x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y = 0
x2 + y2 – 2 2 y – 2 = 0 are r1 and r2 & x2 + y2 – 8y – 4 =0 is
respectively, then the mean of (D) Number of direct common tangents (S) 0
r1 and r2 is of the circles x2+y2+2x–8y + 13 = 0
Sol. A Q, B P, C R, D S & x2 + y2 – 6x – 2y + 6 = 0 is
(A) equation of common chord is Sol. A R, B S, C P, D Q
a (A) C1 (1, 0), r1 = 1
x=
2 C2 = (–3, 3), r2 = 4
C1C2 = r1 + r2 = 5
Since it subtend at the origin, # tangents = 3
2 (B) C1 = (5, 2), r1 = 2
2 C2 = (3, 4), r2 = 10
2x
x2 + y2 = C1C2 < r2 – r1
a # indirect tangents = 0
i.e., (1 –
4
) x2 + y2 = 0 (C) C1 (1, 2), r1 = 5
a2 C2 (0, 4), r2 = 2 5
co-eff of x2 + co-eff of y2 = 0
C1C2 = 5 = r2 – r1
4
1– +1=0 C1 touches C2 internally
a2 # tangents = 1
a=± 2 (D) C1 (–1, 4), r1 = 2
C2 (3, 1), r2 = 2
(B) length of chord = 2 r 2 p 2 C1C2 > r1 + r2
# direct tangents = 2
p=0 (1,0)
r=2
p
length of the chord = 2 × 2 = 4
(C) Since all three lines are parallel, a circle
touching all the lines.
22
Edubull
EXERCISE # 3
Part-A Subjective Type Questions Q.3 Find the equations of straight lines which pass
through the intersection of the lines x – 2y – 5 = 0,
Q.1 Find the locus of the middle points of chords of 7x + y = 50 & divide the circumference of the
circle x2 + y2 = a2 which subtend a right angle circle x2 + y2 = 100 into two arcs whose lengths
at the point (c, 0). are in the ratio 2 : 1.
y Sol. The equation of line passing through the point of
A intersection of the lines x – 2y – 5 = 0 and 7x + y
Sol. – 50 = 0 is given by
N (h,k)
P (x – 2y – 5) + (7x + y – 50) = 0
x' O (c,0) x x(1 + 7) + y ( – 2) – 50 – 5 = 0 .........(i)
B
A O(0,0)
y' 60º
Let N (h, k) be the middle point of any chord AB, C 60º
which subtends a right angle at P(c,0)
since APB = 90º B
NA = NB = NP
(since distance of the vertices from middle point Suppose this line cuts the given circle at A and B
of the hypotenuse are equal) such that arc APB : arc AQB = 2 : 1
or (NA)2 = (NB)2 = (h – c)2 + (k – 0)2 .......(i) AOB = 120º
But also BNO = 90º AOC = BOC = 60º
(OB)2 = (ON)2 + (NB)2
– 50 – 5 50 5
– (NB)2 = (ON)2 – (OB)2 Now,OC= =
– [(h – c)2 + (k – 0)2] = (h2 + k2) – a2 (1 7 ) 2 ( – 2) 2 502 10 5
or 2(h2 + k2) – 2ch + c2 – a2 = 0
and, OA = (radius of the circle x2 + y2 = 100)
Locus of N(h, k) is
2(x2 + y2) – 2cx + c2 – a2 = 0 OA = 10
OC
Q.2 A variable circle passes through the point In AOC, we have cos60º =
OA
A (a, b) & touches the x-axis ; show that the
OC = OA cos 60º
locus of the other end of the diameter through
1
A is (x – a)2 = 4by. OC = 10. =5
Sol. Let the other end of the diameter through 2
pa qb 50 5
A(a,b) be B(p,q) so that centre is , =5
2 2 502 10 5
and (diameter)2 = 4r2 = (p–a)2 + (q – b)2 ....(i) (10 + 1)2 = 502 + 10 + 5
Since the circle touches x-axis, its radius is
25 2 + 5 – 2 = 0
qb
ordinate of centre i.e. =r 1 –2
2 (5 + 2) (5 – 1) = 0 = ,
or (q + b)2 = 4r2 ..........(ii) 5 5
(q + b) –(q – b) = (p – )2 [from (i) & (ii)]
2 2
Putting the values of in (i), we get the reqd.
or (p – q)2 = 4bq lines 4x – 3y = 25 and 3x + 4y = 25
Hence locus of (p, q) is (x – a)2 = 4by
Q.4 Find an equation of the circle which touches
the straight - lines x + y = 2, x – y = 2 and also
touches the circle x2 + y2 = 1 externally.
23
Edubull
1= 0 Q.6 Find the equation of the smallest circle passing
Sol.
A(2,0) through the intersection of x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 4 = 0
C2 C1
and the line x + y – 4 = 0.
(0,0) (h,0)
Sol. Any circle passing through the points of
2= 0 intersection of the given circle and the line has the
equation as
1 = 0 & 2 = 0 are tangents to required circle
which intersect at A(2, 0). The centre of the (x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 4) + (x + y – 4) = 0
required circle will be lie on bisector of acute –2 –4
its centre is – ,– .........(i)
angle between these tangnets 2 2
xy–2 x–y–2
i.e. on = i.e. y = 0 The circle is the smallest if its certre lie on the
2 2 given line (chord)
let it be (h, 0) where h is +ve and if r be the radius –2 –4
then it toueches x2 + y2 = 1 externally. – – –4=0
2 2
C1C2 = r1 + r2 or h = 1 + r form (i)
2– 4–
h–2 + –4=0
P = r with any tangent gives =r 2 2
2
2–+4––8=0
h = 2 ± 2 r = 1 + r form (i)
– 2 – 2 = 0
1
1 = (1 + 2 )r r = = 2 –1 2 = – 2
1 2
= –1
Only as r = + ve
Putting = –1 in equation (i), weget
h=2± 2 ( 2 – 1)
x2 + y2 – 3x – 5y = 0
=4– 2, 2 Hence x2 + y2 – 3x – 5y = 0
centres of circles are (4 – 2 , 0),( 2 , 0)
Q.7 A point A (2, 1) is outside the circle
and radius ( 2 – 1) x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 & AP, AQ are
(x – 4 + 2 )2 + y2 = ( 2 – 1)2 tangents to the circle. Find the equation of the
and (x – 2 )2 + y2 = ( 2 – 1)2 circumcircle of the triangle APQ.
P
Q.5 A tangent is drawn to each of the circle Sol.
x2 + y2 = a2 and x2 + y2 = b2. Show that if the
two tangents are mutually perpendicular, the A C
(2,1) (–g,–f)
locus of their points of intersection is a circle
concentric with the given circles.
Q
Sol. Any tangent to first circle (x2 + y2 = a2) is given
by x cos + y sin = a centre of the required circle is the mid-point of
As its distance from centre (0, 0) is equal to A(2, 1) and centre C of the given circle
radius a 2 – g 1– f
, is the centre of required circle
any tangent to x2 + y2 = b2 but perpendicular to 2 2
above is obtained by replacing by – 90º and 2 2
its equation is 2–g 1– f
and radius = – 2 – 1
xcos( – 90º) + ysin ( – 90º) = b 2 2
or x cos(90º – ) – y sin (90º – ) = b 1
or x sin – y cos = b = (g 2)2 (f 1)2
2
locus of the point of intersection of these tangents
1
is x2 + y2 = a2 + b2 = g 2 4 4g f 2 2f 1
2
which is a circle concentric with the given circles.
Reqd. circle is
24
Edubull
2–g
2
1– f
2 2 2m m( 2 2m)
x – +y – P is ,
2 2 1 m2 1 m2
P
(g 2 f 2 2f 4g 5)
=
4
[2x–(2–g)]2 + [2y–(1–f)]2 = g2 + f2 + 2f + 4g + 5
C (1,1) A
4x2+(2 – g)2– 4x (2 – g)+4y2 – 4y (1 – f)+(1– f)2 O
= g2 + f2 + 2f + 4g + 5
4x2 + 4y2 – 8x – 4y + 4xg + 4fy–2f–4g=0
Q
x2 + y2 – 2x – y – xg – fy = 0
x2 + y2 + x(g – 2) + y (f – 1) – 2g – f = 0 Since QQ is equally inclined to x-axis
tan (– ) = – tan = – m
Q.8 If S1 x2 + y2 + 2g1x + 2f1y + c1 = 0 and
2 – 2m – m( 2 – 2m)
S2 x2 + y2 + 2g2x + 2f2y + c2 = 0 are two Point Q is ,
circles with radii r1 and r2 respectively, show 1 m2 1 m2
that the points at which the circles subtend If (h, k) be the mid point of PQ then
S S 2 2m 2
equal angles lie on the circle 21 = 22 h= and k =
r1 r2 1 m2 1 m2
Sol. tan =
r1 r
= 2 h+k=2
t1 t 2 locus is x + y = 2
t1r1 = t2r1
on squaring Q.10 The centre of the circle S = 0 lie on the line
t12 r22 = t22 r12 2x – 2y + 9 = 0 & S = 0 cuts orthogonally the
or S'2r12 = S'1 r22 = 0 circle x2 + y2 = 4. Show that circle S = 0 passes
through two fixed points & find their
on generalisation
coordinates.
r22 S1 – r12 S2 = 0
Sol. Let circle be S x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 ..(i)
S S
21 = 22 since centre of this circle (–g,–f) lie on
r1 r2 2x – 2y + 9 = 0
– 2g + 2f + 9 = 0
Q.9 Find the locus of the mid point of all chords of and the circle S = 0 and x2 + y2 – 4 = 0 cuts
the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y = 0 such that the orthogonally
pair of lines joining (0, 0) & the point of
2g × 0 + 2f(0) = c – 4
intersection of the chords with the circles make
equal angle with axis of x. c=4 ........(iii)
Sol. The given circle is Substituting the values of g and c from (ii) and
x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y = 0 (iii) in (i) then
(x – 1)2 + (y – 1)2 = 2 x2 + y2 + (2f + 9) x + 2fy + 4 = 0
or (x2 + y2 + 9x + 4) + 2f (x + y) = 0
Whose centre is (1, 1) and radius equal to 2 it
Hence the circle S = 0 passes through fixed point
passes through origin (0, 0) i.e. O(0, 0)
x2 + y2 +9x + 4 = 0 and x + y = 0
Let OP be any chord through origin whose
After solving, we get
equation is y = mx where m = tan
1 1
solving with circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y = 0 (–4, 4) or – ,
2 2
we get x2 + m2x2 – 2x –2y = 0
x(x +m2x – 2 – 2m) = 0 Q.11 Show that the common tangents to the circles
2 2m x2 + y2 – 6x = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2x = 0 form an
x = 0 and x =
1 m2 equilateral triangle.
25
Edubull
Sol. Here the circle x2 + y2 – 6x = 0 has the centre = Now we have to prove that lines
(3, 0) and radius=3 and the circle x2+y2 + 2x = 0 –x x
x=0,y= – 3 and y = + 3
has the centre = (–1, 0) & 3 3
radius = (3 1) 2 02 = 4 Forms an equilatarl triangle
and sum of radii = 3 + 1 = 4 y x=0
y= x 3
the circles touch externally 3
x
(–1,0) 3
(3,0) y = –x – 3
3
–x
Clearly, the indination of y = – 3 with the
3
obviously, the point of contect = (0,0)
5 x
let y = mx + c be a common tangent to the circle x-axis is and that of y = 3 is as
6 3 6
except at the point of contact. Then the length of
the perpendicular from (–1, 0) to y = mx + c is shown in
equal to the radius of second circle Also their point of intersection is (–3, 0)
–mc we get from the figure that the triangle is
=1 equilateral.
1 m2
or (–m + c)2 = 1+ m2 ..............(i) Q.12 Find the equation to the four common tangents
to the circles x2 + y2 = 25 and (x –12)2 + y2 = 9.
and the lenght of the perpendicular from (3, 0) to
Sol. The centres of similitud from where the common
y = mx + x is equal to the radius of the first circle
tangents pass are easily found to be the points
3m c (15/2, 0) and (30, 0)
=3
Required four common tangents are given by
1 m2
5 y = 2x – 15, 5 y = – 2x + 15
or (3m + c)2 = 9 (1+m2) ......(ii)
from (i) c2– 2mc = 1 ......(iii) 35 y = x – 30, 35 y = – x + 30
form (ii) 6mc + c2 = 9 .......(iv) Q.13 Show that the equation of a straight line
meeting the circle x2 + y2 = a2 in two points at
(6mc+ c2) – (c2 – 2mc) = 9 – 1 = 8
equal distances 'd' from a point (x1, y1) on its
or 8 mc = 8 mc = 1
d2
(iii) given c = 3 , c = ±
2
3 circumference is xx1 + yy1 – a2 + = 0.
2
when c = 3 from (iii), weget Sol. Let R (x1,y1) be a point on the circle x2 + y2 = a2
x12 + y12 = a2 .........(i)
1
3 – 2m 3 = 1 m = R(x1,y1)
3
d a
when c = – 3 form (iii), we get d
a O
1
3 + 2m 3 = 1 m = – P Q
3
two common tangents are Let P and Q be two points on the given circle
1 1 such that PR = QR = d
y= x+ 3 and y = – x– 3
Now line joining R and O (the centre of the
3 3
circle) is perpendicular to PQ and meets PQ at L
The tangent at the point of contanct (0, 0) is
(say).
x.0 + y.0 + (x + 0) = (x + 0) = 0 x = 0 let equation of PQ be
26
Edubull
– x1 let AP and BP make the same angle 2a at the
y= x+c centres C1(0, 0) and C2(–1,–2) respectively of the
y1
or xx1 + yy1 = cy1 .............(ii) gieven circles.
APC1 = BPC2 = – ..........(i)
– cy1 – cy1 2
OL = =
a Now slope of C1P = 0 and slope of C2P = 2/m'
x12 y12
where m' = 0
from (i), we have
x12 y12 – cyl cy1
and RL = = a– 2
a m–
x12 y12 m–0 m
tan – = =
2 1 m.0 2
cy
2 1 m.
from RPL, PL2 = d2 – a – 1 m
a mm'– 2 1
2 |m| = =
cy m '2 m m
from OPL, PL2 = a2 – 1
a ` m2 = 1 m = ± 1
Equating the two values, we get so that the required equation of the chord is
2 2 y = x + 1 corresponding to the value m = 1
cy cy1 (for m = –1, the equation will represent the chord
d 2 – a – 1 = a2 –
a a PAB, A and B lying on the same side of P, Hence
2 2 we donote consider it).
cy cy
= d2 – a2 + 2cy1 – 1 = a2 – 1
a a Q.15 From a point P tangent drawn to the circles
d – a + 2cy1 = a 2cy1 = 2a2 – d2
2 2 2 x2 + y2 + x – 3 = 0, 3x2 + 3y2 – 5x + 3y = 0 &
4x2 + 4y2 + 8x + 7y + 9 = 0 are of equal
d2
cy1 = a2 – lengths. Find the equation of the circle through
2 P which touches the line x + y = 5 at the point
from (ii), we get the requird equation of the (6, –1).
line as Sol. Here point P is the radical centre of these circles.
d2 d2 On solving like S1 – S2 = 0 & S2 – S3 = 0 we get
xx1 + yy1 = a – 2
xx1 + yy1 – a2 + =0
2 2 point P(0, –3).
Given reqd. circle passes through P and touches
Q.14 Through the point of intersection P which has x + y = 5 at point (6, –1)
integral coordinates of the circles x2 + y2 = 1 (0,–3)
and x2 + y2 + 2x + 4y + 1 = 0, a common chord (, k)
APB is drawn terminating on the two circles r
such that the chords AP and BP of the given
circles subtend equal angles at the centre. Find
(6, –1) x + y = 5
the equation of this chord.
Sol. The given circle intersect at the point (–1, 0) and Let centre of reqd. circle is (h, k)
(3/5, –4/5).since P has integral co-ordinates, the h 2 (k 3) 2 (h 6) 2 (k 1) 2
co-ordinates of P are (–1, 0)
A h2 + k2 + 6k + 9 = h2 – 12h + 36 + k2 + 2k + 1
3h + k = 7 ……..(1)
Now equation of line perpendicular to x + y = 5 is
given by
(–1,0)P C1(0,0)
x – y =
since it passes (6, –1) then
6 + 1 = = 7
x–y=7
B C2(–1,–2) this also passes (h, k)
h – k = 7 ……..(2)
from (1) & (2), we get 4h = 14
7 7
let an equation of the chord AB through P be h = 7/2 k = – 7 = –
y = m(x + 1) 2 2
27
Edubull
7 7 equation of C2 is
(h, k) , (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = 12
2 2
x + y – 2hx – 2ky + h2 + k2 – 1 = 0
2 2
7
2
7
2 PA1 is tangent to C2
radius r = 3 | 4h 9 |
2 2 =1
5
49 1 50
= = 95 7
4 4 4 h= = 1 or
4 2
7 7
since centre (h, k) = , h=
7
(as (1, 1) is centre of another circle)
2 2 2
50 Q.16 Angle subtended by circle C1 at P is-
radius r =
4 2 2
(A) tan–1 (B) 2 tan–1
Equation of required circle is given by 3 3
2 3 3
2
7 7
2
50 (C) tan–1 (D) 2 tan–1
x y
4 4
2 2 4 Sol.[C] Angle subtended by circle C1 at P is
2 2
7 7 50
2 tan–1
r
x y
2 2 4 S1
98 50 1 2/3 3
x2 + y2 – 7x + 7y + = 0 = 2 tan–1 = tan–1 tan 1
4 4 3 1 (1 / 3) 2
4
x + y – 7x + 7y + 12 = 0
2 2
x2 + y2 – 7x + 7y + 12 = 0 Q.17 Centre of circle C2 is-
1
Part-B Passage based objective questions (A) (3, 1) (B) (3 , 1)
2
Passage I (Question 16 to 18) 3
Let C1, C2 are two circles each of radius 1 (C) (3 , 1) (D) None of these
4
touching internally the sides of triangles POA1, 1
PA1A2 respectively where P (0, 4), O is Sol.[B] Centre of circle C2 is 3 ,1
2
origin, A1, A2 are the points on positive x-axis.
On the basis of above passage, answer the Q.18 Slope of line PA2 is-
following questions : –4 –3 –8 –2
Y (A) (B) (C) (D)
3 4 15 3
Sol. P Sol.[C] Slope of PA2 = ?
(0,4) equation of tangent from (0, 4) to the circle C2 is
7
C1
(h,k) y – 1 = m (x – ) + 1 m 2
1 2
1
1 1 1 C2 (0, 4) satisfies this equation
X 7
A1 A2 3 = m 1 m2
2
C1 (x – 1)2 + (y – 1)2 – 1 = 0 4 8
x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y + 1 = 0 m= or
3 15
let equation of PA, is y – 4 = mx
PA1 is tangent to C1 Passage II (Question 19 to 21)
| m3|
=1 A line 2x + y = 3 intersects circle
1 m2 x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 4 = 0 at A and B. Tangents
m2 + 6m + 9 = 1 + m2 at A and B are drawn which meets at P. M is
4 the mid point of AB
m = and –
3 On the basis of above passage, answer the
equation of PA1 is following questions :
4x + 3y = 12
28
Edubull
Q.19 Length of chord AB is equal to- (A) x2 + y2 – 3x – 3y – 5 = 0
29 29 2 29 29 (B) x2 + y2 – 3x – 3y – 4 = 0
(A) (B) 2 (C) (D) (C) x2 + y2 + 3x + 3y – 4 = 0
5 5 5 5
(D) x2 + y2 + 3x + 3y – 5 = 0
S A
S1
Sol.[B] r=3 A Sol.[B]
(2,3) S2
Op M P Q
B P B
length of chord() = 2 r 2 p 2 Equation of circle passing through AB is given by
S1 + L = 0 (or S2 + L = 0) R
4
p= i.e., x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y – 7 + (x + y – 3) = 0
5
i.e., x2 + y2 + ( – 2)x + ( – 2)y – (7 + 3) = 0
16 29 ( 2) ( 2 )
= 2 32 = 2 C ,
5 5 2 2
Q.20 Co-ordinate of M is- AB is a diameter of this circle
2 11 1 13 C lies on AB
(A) , (B) ,
5 5 5 5 – ( – 2) = 3 = – 1
3 9 equation of the circle is
(C) , (D) None of these x2 + y2 – 3x – 3y – 4 = 0
5 5
Sol.[A] Equation of AB is L = 2x + y = 3
Q.23 Co-ordinates of point Q are-
equation of OP is x – 2y = – 4
(A) (–6, –6) (B) (–5, –5)
intersection point of AB and OP is
(C) (–7, –7) (D) None of these
2 11 Sol.[C] Let Q (h, k) then equation of AB is
M ,
5 5 hx + ky – 2(x + h) – 2 (y + k) – 1 = 0
i.e., (h – 2) x + (k – 2) y – (2h + 2k + 1) = 0
Q.21 Equation of circum circle of triangle PAB is-
comparing this equation with x + y – 3 = 0 gives
(A) 4x2 + 4y2 + 4x – 15y – 11 = 0
(B) 4x2 + 4y2 + 2x – 15y – 11 = 0 Q (h, k) = (–7, –7).
(C) 4x2 + 4y2 – 2x – 15y – 11 = 0
(D) 4x2 + 4y2 – 4x – 15y – 11 = 0 Q.24 Mid point of AB is-
Sol.[B] Equation of circle passing through intersection 5 1 3 3
point of the circle S 0 and L 0 is S + L = 0 (A) , (B) ,
2 2 2 2
7 (C) (2, 1) (D) (1, 2)
P satisfies it =
4 Sol.[B] Let (a, b) be mid point of AB then equation of AB
equation is 4x2 + 4y2 + 2x – 15y – 11 = 0 (w.r.t. S1 = 0) is
T = S1
Passage III (Question 22 to 24)
i.e., ax + by – (x + a) – (y + b) – 7
Two circles S1 : x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y – 7 = 0 and = a2 + b2 – 2a – 2b – 7
S2 : x2 + y2 – 4x – 4y – 1 = 0 intersects each
Comparing this equation with x + y = 3 gives
other at A and B. Tangents at A & B to circle
S2 meet at Q. 3 3
M (a, b) ,
On the basis of above passage, answer the 2 2
following questions :
Sol Equation of common chord is
x+y=3
Q.22 Equation of circle passing through A and B
whose AB is diameter-
29
EXERCISE # 4
Old IIT-JEE questions 3x = rcos + r + 0
3y = r sin + 0 + r
Q.1 Let PQ and RS be tangents at the extremities of (3x – r)2 + (3y – r)2 = r2
the diameter PR of a circle of radius r. If PS
There fore, locus of P is a circle.
and RQ intersect at a point X on the
circumference of the circle, then 2r equals Q.3 Let 2x2 + y2 – 3xy = 0 be the equation of a pair
[IIT SCR.-2001] of tangents drawn from the origin O to a circle
PQ RS of radius 3 with centre in the first quadrant. If
(A) PQ.RS (B)
2 A is one of the points of contact, find the length
2PQ.RS PQ2 RS2 of OA. [IIT - 2001]
(C) (C)
PQ.RS 2 Sol. 2x2 + y2 – 3xy = 0 (given) 2x2 – 2xy – xy + y2 = 0
Sol. [A] 2x (x – y) – y (x – y) = 0 (2x – y) (x – y) = 0
From following figure, it is clear that PRQ & y = 2x, y = x are the equations of straight lines
RSP are similar. passing through origin.
Now, Let the angle between the lines be 2 and
the line y = x makes angel of 45º with x-axis.
r r
P R therefore tan (45º + 2) = 2(slope of the line y = 2x)
90– y
y=2x
Q 90– S 3 C
y= x
3
PR PQ A
=
RS RP
45º x
PR = PQ.RS
2
O
PR = PQ.RS tan 45º tan 2 1 tan 2
=2 =2
2r = PQ.RS 1 – tan 45º tan 2 1 – tan 2
(1 tan 2) – (1 – tan 2) 2 –1 1
= =
Q.2 Let AB be a chord of the circle x2 + y2 = r2 (1 tan 2) (1 – tan 2) 2 1 3
subtending a right angle at the centre. Then the 1 2 tan 1
locus of the centroid of the triangle PAB as P tan 2 = =
3 1 – tan
2 3
moves on the circle is [IIT SCR.-2001]
(A) a parabola tan + 6 tan – 1 = 0
2
(B) a circle – 6 36 4 1 1
tan= tan= – 3 ± 10
(C) an ellipse 2
(D) a pair of straight lines
tan = – 3 + ( 0 < < /4 )
10
Sol. [B]
3
Choosing OA as x-axis, A = (r, 0), B = (0, r) and Againg in OCA tan =
any point P on the circle is (rcos, rsin). if (x, y) OA
is the centroid of PAB. 3 3
OA = =
tan – 3 10
B(0,r)
P P 3(3 10 )
= = 3(3 + 10 )
(–3 10 )(3 10 )
O A(r,0)
Q.4 Let C1 and C2 be two circles with C2 lying
inside C1. A circle C lying inside C1 touches
C1 internally and C2 externally. Identify the
locus of the centre of C. [IIT - 2001]
30
Sol. Let eqution of C1 be x2 + y2 = r12 4b 2
and of C2 be (x – a)2 + (y – b)2 = r22 m2 =
a 2 – 4b 2
Let centre C be (h, k) and radiucs r, then by the
2b
given condifion m=
a 2 – 4b 2
(h – a ) 2 (k – b) 2 = r1 + r2 & h k
2 2
= r1 – r
(h – a ) 2 (k – b) 2 + h 2 k 2 = r1 + r2 Q.7 Two tangents are drawn from the point
P(6, 8) to the circle x2 + y2 = r2. Find r such that
Required locus is
the area of the triangle formed by the tangents and
(x – a ) 2 ( y – b) 2 + x 2 y2 = r1 + r2 the chord of contact is maximum. [IIT - 2003]
Which represents and ellipse whose focii are at (a, Sol. To maximise area of APB ; we know OP = 10
b) and (0, 0) r
and sinq = , where (0, /2) ............(i)
10
Q.5 If the tangent at the point P on the circle P(6,8)
x2 + y2 + 6x + 6y = 2 meets the straight line y
5x – 2y + 6 = 0 at a point Q on the y-axis, then A
the length of PQ is – [IIT SCR.-2002]
r Q
(A) 4 (B) 2 5 (C) 5 (D) 3 O
x
Sol. [C] B
The line 5x – 2y + 6 = 0 meets the y-axis at the
point (0, 3) and therefore the tangent has to pass
1
through the point (0, 3) and required length is Area = (2AQ) (PQ) = AQ. PQ
therefore 2
= (r cos) (10 – rOQ) = (r cos) (10 – rsin)
= x12 y12 6x1 6y1 – 2 = 10 sin cos (10 – 10sin2) [from i]
f() = 100 cos3 sin
02 32 6(0) 6(3) – 2 f '() = 100 cos4 – 300cos2. sin2
Put f '() = 0
= 25 = 5
1
cos2 = 3 sin2 tan = =
Q.6 If a > 2b > 0 then the positive value of m for 3 6
which y = mx – b 1 m 2 is a common
at which f '() < 0, Thus when = , area is
tangent to x2 + y2 = b2 and (x – a)2 + y2 = b2 is - 6
[IIT SCR.-2002] max. and r = 10 sin form (i)
r = 10sin form (i)
2b a 2 4b 2 1
(A) (B) r = 10 sin = 10. = 5 units.
a 2 4b 2 2b 6 2
2b b
(C) (D) Q.8 Diameter of the given circle x2 + y2 –2x–6y + 6 = 0
a 2b a 2b is the chord of another circle C having centre
Sol. [A] (2, 1), the radius of the circle C is -
The given line is a tangent to first circle i.e.
[IIT SCR.-2004]
y = mx ± a 1 m 2 is a tangent. (A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 1
If it is to be a tangent to the second circle whose Sol. [C]
centre (a, 0), radius = b Clearly from the figure the radius of bigger circle
p = r apply
ma – b 1 m 2
= b or ma = 0 or 2b 1 m 2
1 m2
m = 0 (rejected)
or m2a2 = 4b2 + 4m2b2 or m2(a2 – 4b2) = 4b2
31
i.e. (h – 0) 2 (k – 1) 2 = 1 + |k|
squaring both sides, we get
2
(2,1) h2 + k2 –2k + 1 = 1 + k2 + 2|k|
2 (1,3) h2 = 2|k| + 2k
or x2 = 2|y| + 2y
y, y 0
where |y| =
– y, y 0
2 2 2 2
r + 2 + {(2–1) + (1 – 3) }
r2 = 4 + 1 + 4
x2 = –2y + 2y, y 0
r2 = 9
r=3 and x2 = –2y + 2y, y < 0
x2 = 4y when y 0
Q.9 Find a circle orthogonal to the circle having
and x2 = 0, when y > 0
ends of diameter (0, –1) and (–2, 3) and touching
{(x, y): x2=4y
the line 2x + 3y + 1 = 0 at the point (1, –1).
[IIT - 2004] when y 0} {(0,y): (y<0)}
Sol. The equation of circle having tanget
2x + 3y + 1 = 0 at (1,–1) Q.11 Circle with radii 3, 4 and 5 touch each other
(x – 1)2 + (y + 1)2 + (2x + 3y+1) = 0 externally if P is the point of intersection of
x2 + y2 + 2x(– 1) + y(3 + 2) (+2) = 0..(i) tangents to these circles at their point of
Which is orthogonal to the circle having end contact. Find the distance of P from the point of
pointsof diameter (0, –1) and (–2, 3) contact. [IIT 2005]
x(x + 2) + (y + 1) (y – 3) = 0 Sol. As the circle with radii 3,4 and 5 touch each other
x2 + y2 + 2x – 2y – 3 = 0 ........(ii) externally and P is the point of intersection of
2(2 – 2) 2(3 – 2) tangents
.1 + (–1) = + 2 – 3
2 2
2 – 2 – 3 – 2 = – 1 2 = – 3/2
4 5 C
from equation (i) equation of circle is C2 1
2x2 + 2y2 – 10x –5y + 1 = 0 4 5
Q.10 Locus of the centre of circle touching to the 3 3
x-axis & the circle x2 + (y 1) 2 = 1 externally C3
is- [IIT SCR.-2005] P is incentre of C1C2C3
(A) {(0, y) ; y 0} U (x = – 4y)
2
Thus distance of point P from the points of
(B) {(0, y) ; y 0} U (x2 = y) contanct is equal to In-rdius (r) of C1C2C3
(C) {(x, y) ; y y} U (x2 = 4y)
s(s – a )(s – b)(s – c)
(D) {(0, y) ; y 0} U {x2 + (y 1)2 = 4} i.e. r =
S
=
s
Sol. [A]
where 2s = 7 + 8 + 9
Let the locus of centre of circle be (h, k) touching
x2 + (y–1)2 = 1 and x-axis shown as: s = 12
(12 – 7)(12 – 8)(12 – 9)
Hence, r =
12
(0,1) |k|(h,k) 5.4.3
O =
|k| 12
B = 5
Clearly form figure Passage (Q. 12 to 14)
distance between O and A is always 1 + |k|
32
Let C1 is a circle touching to all the sides of 1
(A) (sq.units) (B) 2(sq.units)
square ABCD of side length 2 units internally 2
and C2 circle is passing through the vertices of 4
square. A line L is drawn through A.[IIT 2006] (C) 1 (sq.units) (D) (sq.units)
3
Q.12 Let P is a point on C1 and Q is on C2, then Sol. [C]
PA PB PC PD
2 2 2 2
D C
=
QA2 QB2 QC2 QD2 M C1
(A) 0.75 (B) 0.5 T1
(C) 1.25 (D) 1 A
Sol. [A] T3
Since C1 is centre of C1
D C AC1 = 2
1
Also, AT1 = T1C1 =
2
E ( T1 is vertex, A is focus and BD is diretrix)
A B T2T3 = latus reetun of the parabola
1
=4×
Take A as origin, AB as x-axis, AD as y-axis. 2
since all the choices are numercally quautities, Area of T1T2T3
The ratio should be independent of choice of P
1 1 4
and Q Taking P as E and Q as A = × ×
2 2 2
12 12 5 5
Required Ratio = =1
4 48
12 3 Q.15 Let ABCD be a quadrilateral with area 18, with
= = = 0.75
16 4 side AB parallel to the side CD and
AB = 2 CD. Let AD be perpendicular to AB
Q.13 A variable circle touches to the line L and and CD. If a circle is drawn inside the
circle C1 externally such that both circles are quadrilateral ABCD touching all the sides, then
on the same side of the line, then the locus of its radius is [IIT 2007]
center of variable circle is – (A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 3/2 (D) 1
(A) ellipse (B) circle Sol. [B]
(C) hyperbola (D) parabola
Sol. [D] C(,2r)
The variable circle's centre is equidistant from a (0,2r)D
point (centre of C1) and from a line parallel to the (r,r)
gieven line L on the other side. 2r
Thus locus of P is a parabola whose focus is
centers of C1 and whose directrix is line drawn A B(2,0)
parallel to L. (0,0)
Let CD = so that AB = 2 be two parallel lines.
Q.14 A line M through A is drawn parallel to BD. Taking A as origin the co-ordinates are A(0, 0),
Locus of point R, which moves such that its B(2, 0), D(0, 2) and C(, 2r). since the circle is
distances from the line BD and the vertex A are touching the axes of coordianates of it is form
equal, cuts to line M at T2 and T3 and AC at (x – r)2 + (y – r)2 = r2
T1, then area of triangle T1T2T3 is- .........(i)
centre (r, r) radius = r
33
2r (A) 1 : 2 (B) 1 : 2 (C) 1 : 4 (D) 1 : 8
Equation of BC is y – 0 = – (x – 2)
Sol. [C]
or y + 2rx = 4r ............(ii) y
The above line (ii) is a tangent to circle (i) apply
the condition of tangency i.e. p = r
P (1, 2 2 )
r 2r 2 – 4r
= =r
R
2 4r 2 (1,0) x
(–3,0) T
or (2r – 3)2 = 2 + 4r2 (–1,0) (9,0)
82 –12r = 0 2a = 3r ..............(iii) Q
Area of quadilatel i.e. trapiziun ABCD is (1,–2 2 )
1
( + 2). 2r = 18 r = 6 ..............(iv)
2 The points P,Q are (1,2 2 ) and
3
or r2 = 6 r2 = 4 (1,–2 2 ) respectinely. such that PQ = 4 2
2
r=2 For circle :
TP is x.1 + y. 2 2 = 9
Q.16 Tangents are drawn from the point (17,7) to the
circle x2 + y2 = 169. [IIT 2007] TQ is x.1 – y. 2 2 = 9
Statement-1 : The tangents are mutually Solving, we get the point as R as (9, 0)
For Parabola :
perpendicular.
Because TP is y,2 2 = 4(x + 1)
Statement -2 : The locus of the points from TQ is y.( –2 2 ) = 4(x + 1)
which mutually perpendicular tangents can be Solving we get the point S as (–1, 0)
drawn to given circle is x2 + y2 = 338. Also PQ = 4 2
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True ;
1 1
Statement-2 is a correct explanation for PQR = . PQ.PT = . 4 2 .8 = 16 2
2 2
Statement-1
1 1
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; PQS = PQ.ST = . 4 2 .2 = 4 2
2 2
Statement-2 is correct explanation for
Statement-1 PQS 4 2
= =1:4
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False PQR 16 2
(D) Statement-1 False, Statement-2 is True
Sol. [A] Q.18 The radius of the circumcircle of the triangle
The locus of the point of intersection of two PRS is -
perpendicular tangents to a circle x2 + y2 = a2 (A) 5 (B) 3 3 (C) 3 2 (D) 2 3
is x2 + y2 = 2a2 and 169 × 2 = 338 Sol. [B]
(A) is correct option. abc
We know that circumradius R =
4
Passage (Q. 17 to 19)
For trinangle PRS, PA = 48 = 2 3
Consider the circle x2 + y2 = 9 and the parabola
y2 = 8x. They intersect at P and Q in the first PR = 64 8 = 6 2 , RS = 10
and the fourth quadrants, respectively. 1
and = area = .10 . 2 2 = 10 2
Tangents to the circle at P and Q intersect the 2
x-axis at R and tangents to the parabola at P 2 3.6 2 .10
and Q intersect the x-axis at S. [IIT 2007] R= = 3 3
4.10 2
Q.17 The ratio of the areas of the triangles PQS and
Q.19 The radius of the incircle of the triangle PQR is
PQR is -
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 8/3 (D) 2
34
Sol. [D] 3 3 3
, . Further, it is given that the origin
Radius of incircle of PQR is r = 2 2
s
2s = PQ + QR + RP and the centre of C are on the same side of the
line PQ. [IIT 2008]
= 4 2 + 72 + 72
= 16 2 Q.21 The equation of circle C is
s= 8 2 (A) (x –2 3 )2 + (y –1)2 = 1
1 1 2
Also, D = PQ.TR (B) (x –2 3 )2 + (y + ) =1
2 2
=
1
. 4 2 .8 (C) (x – 3 )2 + (y + 1)2 = 1
2
(D) (x – 3 )2 + ( y –1)2 = 1
= 16 2 Sol. [D] Let C be the centre of circle and PQ line is given
16 2 by 3x + y – 6 = 0
r=
8 2 By using parametric form we can find centre
r=2
( 2 , 1)
Q.20 Consider P
L1 : 2x + 3y + p – 3 = 0
L2 : 2x + 3y + p + 3 = 0
where p is a real number, and D F
C : x2 + y2 + 6x – 10y + 30 = 0.
Statement- 1 :If line L1 is a chord of circle C, C
then line L2 is not always a diameter of circle C.
and Q E R
Statement-2 : If line L1 is a diameter of circle 2
circle C : (x – 3 ) + (y – 1) = 1 2
C, then line L2 is not a chord of circle C.
[IIT-2008] Q.22 Points E and F are given by
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True;
Statement-2 is a correct explanation for 3 3
(A)
2
, ,
2
3 , 0
Statement-1
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True;
Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for
3 1
(B)
2
, ,
2
3 , 0
Statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False 3 3 3 1
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True. (C) , ,
,
2 2
Sol. Given that L1 and L2 are two parallel lines and 2 2
distance between these two lines is less than 3 3 3 1
radius. (D) , ,
2 2
,
So option (B) correct Ans. 2 2
Sol. [A] We have to find the equation of sides making 60°
Passage (Q. 21 to 23)
with PQ, these are y = 3x and y = 0 and Now
A circle C of radius 1 is inscribed in an
we can find the mid points E and F.
equilateral triangle PQR. The points of contact
of C with the sides PQ, QR, RP are D, E, F Q. 23 Equations of the sides QR, RP are
respectively. The line PQ is given by the 2 2
(A) y = x + 1, y = – x –1
equation 3 x + y – 6 = 0 and the point D is 3 3
1
(B) y = x, y = 0
3
35
3 3 1
(C) y = x +1, y = x–1 But m should be positive m =
2 2 2 2
(D) y = 3 x, y = 0 So equation of AB = 2 2 = x –3
Sol. [D] We have to find the equation of sides making 60° C1 & C are touching each other externally.
with PQ, these are y = 3x and y = 0. So CC1 = r1 + r 9 + k2 = (r + 1)2 … (1)
AB is tangent to circle C so
Q.24 Tangents drawn from the point P(1, 8) to the | 2 2k 3 3 | 3r
circle x2 + y2 –6x – 4y – 11 = 0 touch the circle r= k= … (2)
8 1 2 2
at the points A and B. The equation of the
So solving (1) and (2) r=8
circumcircle of the triangle PAB is -
Q.26 The circle passing through the point (–1, 0) and
[IIT- 2009]
touching the y-axis at (0, 2) also passes through
(A) x2 + y2 +4x – 6y + 19 = 0
the point - [IIT 2011]
(B) x2 + y2 –4x –10y + 19 = 0
(C) x2 + y2 –2x + 6y –29 = 0 3 5
(A) , 0 (B) , 2
(D) x2 + y2 –6x –4y + 19 = 0 2 2
A 3 5
(C) , (D) (– 4, 0)
2 2
Sol. [B]
P(1, 8) C(3, 2) Sol. [D] (h – 0)2 + (2 –2)2 = (h + 1)2 + (2 – 0)2
h2 = h2 + 1 + 2h + 4
B
(h, 2)
clearly PC is diameter of the circle (0, 2)
from diameter form
(x – x1) (x –x2) + (y – y1) (y – y2) = 0 (–1, 0)
(x – 1) (x – 3) + (y – 8) (y – 2) = 0 5
h=
x2 – 3x – x + 3 + y2 – 2y – 8y + 16 = 0 2
x2 + y2 – 4x – 10y + 19 = 0 Equation of circle is
2 2
5 5
x + (y –2) = – 0
2
Q.25 The centres of two circles C1 and C2 each of unit
2 2
radius are at a distance of 6 units from each other.
25 25
Let P be the mid point of the line segment joining x2 + + 5x + y2 + 4 – 4y =
4 4
the centres of C1 and C2 and C be a circle
x2 + y2 + 5x – 4y + 4 = 0
touching circles C1 and C2 externally. If a
from given points only point (–4, 0) satisfies this
common tangent to C1 and C passing through P is
equation.
also a common tangent to C2 and C, then the
radius of the circle C is : [IIT 2009]
Q.27 The straight line 2x – 3y = 1 divides the circular
Sol. Let the coordinate system is as follows
region x2 + y2 6 into two parts. If
C
3 5 3 1 1 1 1
(3, k) S 2, , , , , , , , then
• B 4 2 4 4 4 8 4
the number of point(s) in S lying inside the
(0, 0) smaller part is [IIT 2011]
• •
(3, 0) (6, 0) Sol.
C1 A C2
equation of AB is y = m(x –3)
1
AB is tangent to C1 so m = ±
2 2
36
4 20
x + y=9 …(i)
5
1 & hx + ky – 9 = h2 + k2 – 9
,0
2 …(ii)
Equation (i) & (ii) both represent the same line
4 20
5 9
(2, 3) So = = 2
h k h k2
9h 45k 20(h 2 k 2 )
= 2 =
Pont (x1, y1) lies inside the region if h k2 4(h 2 k 2 )
x12 y12 6 0 & 2x1 – 3y1 – 1 0. 36h = 45k + 20(h2 + k2)
3 9 20(x2 + y2) – 36x + 45y = 0
P1 2, 4 60 True
4 16
Passage (Q. 29 to Q. 30)
9
4 1 0 True A tangent PT is drawn to the circle x2 + y2 = 4
4
5 3 25 9 at the point P 3 , 1 . A straight line L,
P2 , 6 0 False perpendicular to PT is a tangent to the circle
2 4 4 16
(x – 3)2 + y2 = 1. [IIT 2012]
1 1 1 1
P3 , 6 0 True Q.29 A possible equation of L is
4 4 16 16
2 3 (A) x – 3y=1 (B) x + 3y=1
1 0 True
4 4 (C) x – 3y=–1 (D) x + 3y=5
1 1 1 1
P4 , 6 0 True Sol. [A]
8 4 64 16 y
2 3
1 0 False
8 4
So P1 & P3 lies in the interval
P( 3 , (3, 0), 1
Q.28 The locus of the mid-point of the chord of contact 1)
of tangents drawn from points lying on the 30 (3, 0)
straight line 4x – 5y = 20 to the circle x2 + y2 = 9 O º 4
, 0
is [IIT 2012] 3
(A) 20(x2 + y2) – 36x + 45y = 0
(B) 20(x2 + y2) + 36x – 45y = 0
(C) 36(x2 + y2) – 20x + 45y = 0
(D) 36(x2 + y2) + 20x – 45y = 0 Slope of PT = tan (120º) = – 3
Sol. [A] 1
Slope of line L =
3
Line L x – 3 y + = 0
A
tangent to (x – 3)2 + y2 = 1
|3|
P =1
4 20
•(h, k) x2 + y2 = 9 2
,
5
+ 3 = 2, – 2
B = –1, –5
4x – 5y = 20 x– 3y–1=0
Equation of chord AB is T = 0 or x– 3 y –5 = 0
Q.30 A common tangent of the two circles is
37
(A) x = 4 (B) y = 2 | 3 |
tangent to circle =1
(C) x + 3 y = 4 (D) x + 2 2 y = 6 1 2
Sol. [D] Common tangent both circles 1
92 = 1 + 22 =
8
2 1 1
1 = ,
2 2 2 2
(0, 0) O Q (3, 0) P(6, 0)
Equation of tangent x + 2 2 y = 6
So P (6, 0)
line through P
x – y – 6 = 0
38
EXERCISE # 5
Q.1 An isosceles right angled triangle whose sides Equating cos and sin from (1) & (2) and using
are 1, 1, 2 lies entirely in the first quadrant cos2 + sin2 = 1 gives
with the ends of the hypotenuse on the 32
(3x – y)2 + (x – 3y)2 =
coordinate axes. If it slides prove that the locus 9
32 Q.2 In a right-angled triangle, the length of the
of its centroid is (3x – y)2 + (x – 3y) 2 = . sides are a and b(0 < a < b). Show that the
9
Sol. radius of the circle passing through the mid-
point of the smaller side and touching the
(0, 2 sin) 1 (3h,– 2 cos,3k– 2 sin) hypotenuse at its mid-point is b a 2 b 2 /4a.
B C
45–
(h,k) Sol. We have to choose the perpendicular sides along
x
( 2) 1 axes of co-ordinates so that the hypotenuse is
a
45°
y a b
A + = 1, which is a tangent at mid-point ,
b 2 2
( 2 cos,0)
B (O,b)
b P(a/2,b/2)
1
A(a/0)
O Q
( 2)
( 2) (a/2,0)
45° The euation of the cricle is given by
2 2
a b x y
(cos,0) x – + y – + – 1 = 0
2 2 a b
Slope of AC = tan(180 – ( + 45)) a
it passes through mid-point Q of OA i.e. ,0
= tan(135 – ) = 2
C ( 2 cos + cos(135 – ), 0 + sin(135 – ) b2 b2
– = 0 or =
4 2 2
= (3h – 2 cos , 3k – 2 sin )
comparing y – co-ordinat gives Reuquird circle is
sin (135 – ) = 3k – 2 sin a
2
b
2
b2 x y
x – + y – + – 1 = 0
1 2 2 2 a b
(cos + sin ) = 3k – 2 sin
2 b 2 b
or x2 + y2 + x – a + y – b +
cos + 3 sin = 3 2 k ……(1) 2a 2
slope of BC = tan (45 – ) a 2 b2 b2
– =0
C (0 + 1.cos (45 – ), 2 sin + 1.sin(45 – )) 4 4
b 2 – 2a 2 b a 2 – b2
= (3h – 2 cos , 3k – 2 sin ) or x2 + y2 + x– y+ =0
2a 2 4
comparing x-co-ordinate gives
r2 = g2 + f2 – c
cos (45 – ) = 3h – 2 cos 2
b 2 – 2a 2 2 2 2
1 r2 = + b – (a – b )
(cos + sin ) = 3h – 2 cos 4a 4 4
2
39
b4 a2 b2 b2 a2 b2 x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 9 = 0
= + – + – + or x2 + y2 – 20x – 22y + 121 = 0
16a 2 4 4 16 4 4
b4 a 2b2 Q.4 The locus of the mid-point of a chord of the
= 2 circle x2 + y2 = 4 which subtends a right angle
16a
at the origin is [IIT 1984]
b4 a 2b2 b (A) x + y = 2 2 2
(B) x + y = 1
r= 2
= a 2 b2
16a 4a (C) x2 + y2 = 2 (D) x + y = 1
Sol. [C]
Q.3 Find the equation of the circle passing through As we have to find locus of mid-point of chord
the point A(4, 3) & B(2, 5) & touching the axis and we know perpendicular from centre bisects
of y. Also find the point P on the y-axis such the chord
that the angle APB has largest magnitude.
A (–g,–f)
O
(0,–f) (C) 2 2
Sol. B
45º
A C(h,k) B
S S
clearly OAC = 45º
Let equation of circle is x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
OC
since circle passes through A(4, 3), B(2, 5), C(0, –f) or = sin 45º
OA
passes (4, 3) 16 + 9 + 8g + 6f + c = 0
8g + 6f + c + 25 = 0 …..(i) 2
OC = = 2
passes (2, 5) 4 + 25 + 4g + 10f + c = 0 2
4g + 10f + c + 29 = 0 ….(ii)
h 2 k 2 = OC
passes (0,–f) f2 – 2f2 + c = 0
f =c2
……(iii) h2 + k2 = OC2
from (i), (ii) we get or x2 + y2 = 2
8g + 6f + c + 25 = 0 whcih is the required equation of locus of
8g + 25f + 2c + 58 = 0 mid-point of chord subtentding right angle at
– – – – centre.
–14f – c – 33 = 0
Q.5 From the origin chords are drawn to the circle
14f + c + 33 = 0 (x –1)2 + y2 = 1. The equation of the locus of the
f2 + 14f + 33 = 0 mid-points of these chords is.......... [IIT 1985]
f2 + 11f + 3f + 33 = 0 Sol. For the equation of circle x2 + y2 –2x = 0,
f(f + 11) + 3(f + 11) = 0 Let the mid-point of chords be (h, k)
(f + 11) (f + 3) = 0 Equation of chord bisected at the point is
f = – 3, – 11 c = 9, 121 respectively T = S1
from (i) when f = –3, c = 9 then h2 + k2 – 2h = xh + yk – (x + h)
8g + 6(–3) + 9 + 25 = 0 Which passes through (0, 0)
8g – 18 + 34 = 0 h2 + k2 – 2h = – h
8g = –16 h2 + k2 – h = 0
g=–2 Locus is
and when f = –11, c = 121, then x2 + y2 – x = 0
8g + 6(–11) + 121 + 25 = 0
8g – 66 + 121 + 25 = 0 Q.6 From the point A (0, 3) on the circle
8g + 146 – 66 = 0 8g = – 80 x2 + 4x + (y –3)2 = 0, a chord AB is drawn and
g = – 10 extended to a point M such that
Reqd. circle is
40
AM = 2AB. The equation of the locus of M is
A C2
................... [IIT 1986]
5
Sol. (x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 4 4
let if M (h, k) where B is mid-point of A and M. (5,2)
h k 3 3 O
B ,
2 2 4 C1
But AB is the chord of circle x2+4x+(y–3)2 = 0
Thus B must satisfy above equation B
2 5x–12y=10
h2 4h 1
i.e. + + (k 3) – 3 = 0
4 2 2 To obtain euqtion of circle concentric with C1 and
h + k + 8h– 6k + 9 = 0
2 2 making on intercept of lenght 8cm
locus of M is the circle 5x + 12y = 10 and 5x – 12y = 40
x2 + y2 + 8x – 6y + 9 = 0 required equation of circle C2 has centre
(5, 2) and radius 5.
Q.7 Lines 5x + 12y – 10 = 0 and 5x – 12y – 40 = 0 (x – 5)2 + (y – 2)2 = 52
touch a circle C1 of diameter 6. If the centre of x2 + y2 –10x – 4y + 4 = 0
C1 lies in the first quadrant, find the equation of
the circle C2 which is concentric with C1 and Q.8 Let a given line L1 intersect the x and y axes at
cuts intercepts of length 8 on these lines. P and Q respectively. Let another line L2,
[IIT 1986] perpendicular to L1, cut the x and y axes at R
Sol. Since, 5x + 12y – 10 = 0 and 5x – 12y – 40 = 0 and S, respectively. Show that the locus of the
are both perpendicular tangents to the circle, C1 point of intersection of the lines PS and QR is a
OABC forms a square. circle passing through the origin. [IIT 1987]
Let the centre co-ordinate be (h, k) where Sol. Let the equation of L1 be x cos + ysin = P1
Then any line perpendicular to L1 is given by
OC = 6, OA = 6 and OB = 6 2
y
L2
O(h,k) Q
6 6
5x – 12y = 10 5x – 12y = 40 S
C A
R P x
O
B 5, – 15 L1
12
x sin – y sin = p2
Where p2 is a variable.
5h 12k – 10 Then L1 meets x-axis at P(p1sec, 0) and y-axis at
=3
13 Q (0, p, cosec)
5h+12k–10 = ± 39 and 5h – 12k – 40 = ± 39 Similarly L2 meets x-axis at R(p2 cosec, 0) and
on solving above equations. The co-ordinates y-axis at S(O, – p2 sec)
which lie in Ist quadrant are (5, 2) Now equation of PS is –
Centre for C1(5, 2) x
+
x
=1
p 1 sec – p 2 sec
x x
– = sec
p1 p2
...........(i)
Smilarly equation of QR is
x x
+ =1
P 2 cosec P1 cosec
41
x y Q.10 The equations of the tangents drawn from the
+ = sec
P2 P1 origin to the circle x2 + y2 –2rx –2hy + h2 = 0,
are [IIT 1988]
...........(ii)
(A) x = 0
Locus of point of intersection of PS and QR can
be obtained by eliminating variable P2 from (i) (B) y = 0
and (ii) (C) (h2 – r2)x –2rhy = 0
(D) (h2 – r2)x + 2rhy = 0
x x y
i.e. – sec + = cosec Sol. [C]
p1 y P1
Since tangents are drawn from origin. so let
(x – p1sec ) x + y2 = p1 y cosece equation of tangent be y = mx where m is slope of
x2 + y2 – p1 x seca – p1y cosec = 0 tangent.
Which is a circle through origin. A
Q.9 The circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 4y + 4 = 0 is inscribed r
in a triangle which has two of its sides along the (0,0)
O (–r,h)
co-ordinate axes. The locus of the circumcentre
of the triangle is x + y – xy + k (x2 + y2)1/2 = 0.
Find k. [IIT 1987] B
Q(0,q) Length of perpendicular from origin = radius
mr – h
=r
(h,k) m2 1
(2,2) m2r2 + h2 – 2mrh = r2 (m2 + 1)
Sol. 2
– r2 h2 h2 – r2
m= =
O P(p,o) 2rh 2hr
x y or h2 + m2r2 – 2mhr = r2 + m2r2
Let the equation of third side be + =1
p q or 0.m2 + 2mhr + (r2 – h2) = 0
Since OPQ is an Right angled triangle, whose h2 – r2
circumcentre will bethe mid-point of PQ. Let m = , m =
2hr
(h, k) is the circum centre of the triangle.
Tangents are x = 0 for m =
Since line PQ touches the given circle
and (h2–r2)x – 2rhy = 0
Perpendicular distance from centre of circle =
radius of circle Q.11 If a circle passes through the point (a, b) and
Centre is (2, 2) and given line is cuts the circle x2 + y2 = k2 orthogonally, then the
x y equation of the locus of its centre is [IIT 1988]
+ = 1 i.e qx + py – pq = 0
p q (A) 2ax + 2by –(a2 + b2 + k2) = 0
2q 2p – pq (B) 2ax + 2by –(a2 – b2 + k2) = 0
=2
q 2 p2 (C) x2 + y2 –3ax – 4by + (a2 + b2 – k2) = 0
(D) x2 + y2 –2ax – 3by + (a2 – b2 – k2) = 0
since (h, k) is mid-point of PQ
Sol. [A]
P = 2h, q = 2k
Let x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 cuts x2 + y2 = k2
2(2k) + 2(2h) – 4hk = 2 4h 2 4k 2 orthogonally, if
h + k – hk h 2 k 2 = 0 2g1g2 + 2f1f2 = c1 + c2
locus is –2g.0 – 2f.0 = c – k2
c = k2 ...................(i)
x + y – xy ± x 2 y2 = 0 2 2
Also, x + y + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 passes through
k=1 (a, b)
a2 + b2 + 2ga + 2fb + c = 0 ......(ii)
42
Required equation of locus of centre is
– 2ax – 2by + a2 + b2 + k2 = 0
2ax + 2by – (a2 + b2 + k2) = 0 B
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
2 2
Q.12 If the circle C1 : x + y = 16 intersects another
circle C2 of radius 5 in such a manner that
P(h,k)
common chord is of maximum length and has a
slope equal to 3/4, then the coordinates of the
centre of C2 are......... [IIT 1988] A
Sol. C1 : x2 + y2 = 16
O
C2 : (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = 25
The equation of chord AB is
common chords by S1 – S2 = 0 is h
2hx + 2ky = h2 + k2 – 9 y – k = – (x – h)
k
h 3 hx + ky = h2 + k2
its slope = – = (given)
k 4 the combined equation of OA and OB is
If p be the length of perpendicular on it from the homogeneous equation of second degree obtained
centre (0, 0) of C1 of radius 4, then by the help of the given circle and the chord AB
and is given by
h2 k2 – 9
p= hx ky hx ky
4h 2 4k 2 x2+y2+(2gx + 2fy) 2 +c =0
h k2 h2 k2
Also, the lenght of the chord is 2(h2 + k2) + 2 (gh + fk) + c = 0
c
2 r 2 – p2 = 2 42 – p 2 h2 + k2 + gh + fk + = 0
2
The chord will be of maximum length, if = 0 Required eqution of locus is
or h2 + k2 – 9 = 0 c
x2+ y2 + gx + fy + =0
16 2 2
or h2 + h =9
9
Q.14 If the two circles (x –1)2 + (y –3)2 = r2 and
or h = ± 9/5
x2 + y2 – 8x + 2y + 8 = 0 intersect in two
12 distinct points, then [IIT 1989]
k=
5 (A) 2 < r < 8 (B) r < 2
9 – 12 (C) r = 2 (D) r > 2
centres are ,
5 5 Sol. [A]
As, if the two circles intersect in two distinct
9 12
and – , point
5 5
distance between centres lies between
Q.13 Let S x + y + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 be a given
2 2 |r1 – r2| and |r1 + r2|
circle. Find the locus of the foot of the i.e. |r – 3| < (4 – 1) 2 (1 3) 2 < |r + 3|
perpendicular drawn from the origin upon any
chord of S which subtends a right angle at the |r – 3| < 5 < |r + 3|
origin. [IIT 1988] r < 8 or r > 2
Sol. Let P(h, k) be the foot of perpendicular drawn 2<r<8
from origin, 0(0, 0) on the chord AB of the given Q.15 The lines 2x – 3y = 5 and 3x – 4y = 7 are
circle such that the chord AB subtends a right diameters of a circle of area 154 sq. units. Then
angle at the origin. the equation of this circle is - [IIT 1989]
2 2
(A) x + y + 2x –2y = 62
(B) x2 + y2 + 2x – 2y = 47
(C) x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y = 47
43
(D) x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y = 62
2 + h 2k
2
Sol. [C] AC2 = 3 2
Since, 2x – 3y = 5 and 3x – 4y = 7 are diameters
of a circle, this implies that their point of r2 = 18 + 32 = 50
intersection is centre i.e. (1, –1) and area is r = 5 2
r2 = 154 given ............(iii)
r2 = 154 Also, CP = r
h–k
r2 = 154 ×
7 =r
22 2
r=7 h – k = ± 10 ...........(iv)
from (i) & (iv), we get
Required equation of circle is
(h = – 9, k = 1) or (h =1, k = –9)
(x – 1)2 + (y+1)2 = 72 Thus the equation of the circles are
2
2 2
or x + y –2x + 2y = 47
(x + 9)2 + (y – 1)2 = 5 2
+ (y + 9) = 5 2
Q.16 A circle touches the line y = x at a point P such 2
and (x – 1)2 2
that OP = 4 2 , where O is the origin. The or x2 + y2 + 18x – 2y + 18y + 32 = 0
circle contains the point (–10, 2) in its interior and x2 + y2 – 2x + 18y + 32 = 0
and the length of its chord on the line x + y = 0 Clearly, (–10, 2) lies interior of
is 6 2 . Determine the equation of the circle. x2 + y2 + 18x – 2y + 32 = 0
[IIT 1990] Hence, the required equation of circle is
Sol. The parametric form of OP is x2 + y2 + 18x – 2y + 32 = 0
x–0 y–0 Q.17 If a circle passes through the points of
=
cos 45º sin 45º intersection of the coordinate axes with the
Since, OP = 4 2 lines x – y + = 0 and x – 2y + 3 = 0, then the
So, the co-ordinate of P are given by value of = .............. [IIT 1991]
x–0 y–0 Sol. As, the point of intersection of the co-ordinate
= = –4 2
cos 45º sin 45º axes with the line x – y + 1 = 0 and x – 2y + 3 = 0
So, P (– 4,– 4) forms the circle.
Let C(h, k) be the centre of circle and r be its (x – y + 1) (x – 2y + 3) = 0
radius. represents a circle if,
y cofficient of x2 = coefficient of y2
y=x and cofficient of xy = 0
B(x1,y1)
= 2 and –2 – 1 = 0
M
3 1
(h,k) C = 2 and l = –
x 2
4 2 O = 2 and –1/2
(–4,4) Q.18 Two circles, each of radius 5 units, touch each
y= – x other at (1, 2). If the equation of their common
tangent is 4x + 3y = 10, find the equation of the
Now, CP OP circles. [IIT 1991]
k4 Sol. We have,
(1) = – 1
h4 –4
Slope of the common tangent =
k+4=–h–4 3
h+k=–8 ..............(i) 3
slope of C1C2 =
Also, CP2 = (h + 4)2 + (k + 4)2 4
(h + 4)2 (k + 4)2 = r2 .............(ii)
In ACM, we have
44
1 3
2 k2 =
4 2
1
C1 5 5 C2 + k2 = 9/4
P(1,2) 4
k2 = 2
k=± 2
1
Requried centre = , 2
if C1C2 makes an angle with x-axis, then cos = 2
4/5 and sin = 3/5
1
So, the equation of C1C2 in parametric form is = , 21 / 2
x –1 y–2 2
= ............(i)
4/5 3/ 5 1
from option ,– 21 / 2 is correct answer.
Since, C1 and C2 are points on (i) at a distance of 2
5 units from P. so, the co-ordinates of C1 & C2 are
given by Q.20 Let a circle be given by 2x(x – a) + y(2y – b) = 0,
x –1 y–2 (a 0, b 0). Find the condition on a and b if
= =±5
4/5 3/ 5 two chords, each bisected by the x-axis, can be
x = 1 ± 4 and y = 2 ± 3 b
drawn to the circle from a , [IIT 1992]
Thus, the co-ordinates of C1 and C2 are (5, 5) and 2
(–3, 1) respectively. Sol. The given circle is
Hence the rqutions of the two circles are
2x(x – a) + y (2y – b) = 0
(x – 5)2 + (y – 5)2 = 52
and (x + 3)2 + (y + 1)2 = 52 or x(x – a) + y (y – b/2) = 0
by
Q.19 The centre of a circle passing through the or x2 + y2 – ax – = 0 ................(i)
2
points (0, 0), (1, 0) and touching the circle
b
x2 + y2 = 9 is - [IIT 1992] Let one of the chord through a , be bisected
2
3 1 1 3
(A) , (B) , at the point (h, 0). then the equation of the chord
2 2 2 2 having (h, 0) as mid-point is T = S1
1 1 1 1
a b
(C) , (D) , 2 2 h.x + 0.y – (x + h) – (y + 0)
2 2 2 2 4
a by ah
Sol. [D] h – x – – = h2 – ah...........(ii)
Let (h, k) be the centre of the requird circle, then 2 4 2
b
(h – 0) 2 (k – 0) 2 = (h – 1) 2 (k – 0) 2 Now, (ii) will pass through a , if
2
h2 k2 = h 2 – 2h 1 k 2 a b b a
h – a – . – .h = h – ah
2
h + k = h – 2h + 1 + k
2 2 2 2
2 4 2 2
– 2h + 1 = 0 3 a2 b2
h2 – ah + + = 0 ...............(iii)
h = 1/2 2 2 8
Now (0, 0) and (1, 0) lie inside the circle According to the given condiation, (iii) must
x2 + y2 = 9 Therefore, the required circle can have two distinct real roots. this is possible if the
touch the given circle internally. discriminant of (iii) is greater then O.
i.e. C1.C2 = r1 – r2 a 2 b2
9 2 >0
i.e. if a –4
h2 k2 = 3 – h2 k2 4 2 8
2 h 2 k 2 = 3
45
a2 b2 A
– >0
4 2
a2 > 2b2 C
S D
Q.21 The locus of the centre of a circle, which touches
externally the circle x2 + y2 – 6x – 6y + 14 = 0
and also touches the y-axis, is given by the B
equation: [IIT 1993]
2 Again, Let S is a circle with centre at C and AB is
(A) x – 6x – 10y + 14 = 0
given chord and AD subtent angle 2/3 at the
(B) x2 –10x – 6y + 14 = 0
centre and D be the mid-point of AB and let its
(C) y2 – 6x – 10y + 14 = 0 coordinates are (h, k)
(D) y2 – 10x – 6y + 14 = 0
1 1 2
Sol. [D] Now DCA = (BCA) = . =
2 2 3 3
Let (h, k) be the centre of the circle which touches
the circle x2 + y2 – 6x – 6y + 14 = 0 and y-axis. DA CA
Again =
Now, x2 + y2 + 2(–3)x + 2(–3)y + 14 = 0, the centre
sin sin
of this circle is (3, 3) 3 2
DA = CA sin/3
and radius is 32 32 – 14
3 3 3 3
= 18 – 14 = 2 = . =
2 2 4
since the circle touches y-axis, the distance from Now, in ACD,
its centre to y-axis must be equal to its radius, CD2 = CA2 – AD2
therefore its radius is h. Again the circles meets
9 27 9
externally therefore the distance between two CD2 = – =
centres = sum of the radii of the two circles. 4 16 16
2
Hence (h – 3)2 + (k – 3)2 = (2 + h)2 1 9
But CD2 = (h–3/2)2 + k =
i.e. h2 + 9 – 6h + k2 + 9 – 6k = 4 + h2 + 4h 2 16
i.e.k2 – 10h – 6k + 14 = 0 on genralising, we get
Thus the locus of (h, k) is 2 2
3 1 9
y2 – 10x – 6y + 14 = 0 x – + y =
2 2 16
Q.22 The equation of the locus of the mid-points of 16x2 + 16y2 – 48x + 16y + 31 = 0
the chord of the circle 4x2 + 4y2 – 12x + 4y + 1 = 0
that subtend an angle of 2/3 at its centre Q.23 Consider a family of circles passing through
is..................... [IIT 1993] two fixed points A (3, 7) and B (6, 5).
Sol. Given circle is 4x2 + 4y2 –12x + 4y + 1 = 0 Show that the chords in which the circle
1 x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 3 = 0 cuts the members of
i.e. x2 + y2 – 3x + y + =0
4 the family are concurrent at a point. Find the
coordinate of this point. [IIT 1993]
3 –1
its centre is , and radius Sol. The equation of the circle on the line joining the
2 2 points A(3, 7) and B(6, 5) as diameter is
3
2
– 1 1
2 (x – 3) (x – 6) + (y – 7) (y – 5) = 0 .............(i)
– and the equation of the line joining the points
2 2 4
A(3, 7) and B(6, 5) is
9 1 1 3 7–5
= – = y–7= (x – 3)
4 4 4 2 3–6
2x + 3y – 27 = 0 ..............(ii)
Now the equation of family of circles passing
through the point of intersection of (i) and (ii) is
46
S + P = 0
= 13 – 13 cos2 – 9 sin 2
(x – 3) (x – 6) + (y – 7) (y – 5) + (2x + 3y – 27) = 0
x2 – 6x – 3x + 18 + y2 – 5y – 7y + 35 + 2x + = 13(1 – cos2 ) – 9 sin 2
3y – 27 = 0
= 13sin 2 – 9 sin 2
S1 x + y – x(2 – 9) + y (3 – 12) +
2 2
(53 – 27) = 0 ...............(iii) = 4 sin 2 = 2 sin
Again the circle, which cuts the memners of Let (h, k) be any point P and APC = , PAC
family of circles, is = /2 i.e. triangle APC is a right angle triangle.
S2 x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 3 = 0 ..............(iv) AC 2 sin
Thus, sin = =
and the equation of common chord to circles S1 PC (h 2) 2 (k – 3) 2
and S2 is –
S1 – S2 = 0 (h 2) 2 (k – 3) 2 = 2
{x(2– 9) + y(3– 12) + (53 – 27)} – (h + 2)2 + (k – 3)2 = 4
{– 4 x – 6y – 3} = 0 h2 + 4 + 4h + k2 + 9 – 6k = 4
x{2–9+4}+y (3–12+6) + (53–27+3) =0 h2 + k2 + 4h – 6 k + 9 = 0
Thus, required equation of the locus is
2x – 5x + 3y – 6y + 56 – 27 = 0
x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y + 9 = 0
(5x – 6y + 56) + (2x + 3y – 27) = 0
Which represents equatious of two straight lines Q.25 (a) The intercept on the line y = x by the circle
passing through the fixed point whose co- x2 + y2 – 2x = 0 is AB. Find the equation of
ordinates are obtaind by solving the two the circle with AB as a diametre.
equations. (b) Find the the intervals of values of a for
5x + 6y – 56 = 0 and 2x + 3y – 27 = 0 which the line y + x = 0 bisects two chords
drawn from a point to
on solving, weget
1 2a 1 2a
x = 2 and y = 23/3 , the circle
2 2
Q.24 The angle between a pair of tangents drawn
from a point P to the circle 2x2 + 2y2 – (1+ 2 a) x – (1 – 2 a) y = 0.
x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y + 9 sin2 + 13 cos2 = 0 is [IIT 1996]
2. The equation of the locus of the point P is- Sol. Equation of any circle passing through the point
[IIT 1996] of intersection of x2 + y2 – 2x = 0 and y = x is
(A) x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y + 4 = 0 (x2 + y2 – 2x) + (y – x) = 0
(B) x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y – 9 = 0 x2 + y2 – (2 + )x + y = 0
(C) x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y – 4 = 0 2 –
(D) x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y + 9 = 0 its centre is ,
2 2
Sol. [B,D]
Centre of the circle For AB to be the diameter of the requried
x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y + 9 sin2 + 13 cos2 = 0 is circle the must be on AB.
C(–2, 3) and its radius is given by i.e. 2 + = –
A 2 = – 2 = – 1
Therefore, equation of the required circle is
C x2 + y2 – (2 – 1)x – 1.y = 0
P
(h,k) (–2,3) x2 + y2 – x – y = 0
x2 – x + y2 – y = 0
B
2 2
1 1 1
(–2) (3) – 9 sin – 13 cos
2 2 2 2 x – + y – =
2 2 2
= 4 9 – 9 sin 2 – 13 cos2 (b) 2x2 + 2y2 – (1 + 2 a)x – (1– 2 a)y = 0
47
1 2a 1 – 2a (6 2 a)2 – 4(8)(1+2a2) > 0
x2 + y2 – x – y = 0
2 2 72a2 – 32 (1 + 2a2) > 0
72a2 – 32 – 64a2 > 0
since, y + x = 0 bisects two chords of this circle,
mid-point of the chords must be of the form (– 8a2 – 327 > 0
). a2 – 47 > 0
y a2 > 4
a<–2a>2
y+x=0
O a (–, –2) (2, )
x
1 2a 1 2a Q.26 For each natural number k, let Ck denotes the
–
2
,
2
circle with radius k centimetres and centre at
the origin. On the circle Ck, -particle moves k
centimetres in the counter-clockwise direction.
After completing its motion on Ck, the particle
moves to Ck+1in the radial direction. The
motion of the particle continues in this manner.
The particle starts at (1, 0). If the particle
Equation of the chord having (,–) as crosses the positive direction of the x-axis for
mid-point is T = S1 the first time on the circle Cn then n = ..............
1 2a 1 – 2a [IIT 1997]
x + y (– ) – (x + ) – (y – ) Sol. It is given that C1 has centre (0, 0) and radius
4 4
equal to 1 similarly; C2 has centre (0, 0) and
radius 2, and Ck has the centre (0, 0) and radius k.
1 2a 1 – 2a
= 2 +(–)2 – – (– )
4 4
A4
A3 A1 A2
4x – 4y – (1+ 2 a)x – (1– 2 a) y A6 A5
O A0
– (1– 2 a)y + (1+ 2 a) (1,0)
C1
= 42 + 42 –(1 + 2 a) . 2 + (1– 2 a) . 2
C2
4x + 4y –(1 + 2 a) x. – (1– 2 a)y C3
A1 C4
= 8a2 – (1 + 2 a) + (1 – 2 a)
Now partical starts it motion from (1, 0) and
But this chord will pass through the
moves 1 radian on first circle then particle shifts
1 2a 1 – 2a
point , form C1 to C2
2 2
After that particle moves 1 radian on C2 and than
particle shifts from C2 to C3 similarly, particle
1 2a 1 – 2a (1 2a )(1 2a ) move on n circles
4 –4 –
2 2 2 Now n 2 because particle crosses the x-axis
for the first time on Cn, then n is least positive
(1 – 2a )(1 – 2a ) integer.
–
2 Therefore. n = 7 is the answer.
= 8a2 – 2 2 a Q.27 (a) Consider a curve ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 1 and
[(1+ 2 a – 1 + 2 a)] = 82– 2 2 a a point P not on the curve. A line drawn
from the point P intersects the curve at
1
4 2 a – [2 + 2 ( 2a ) 2 ] = 82– 2 2 a points Q and R. If the products PQ. PR is
2
independent of the slope of the line, then
[ (a + b2)+(a–b)2 = 2(a2 + b2)]
show that the curve is a circle
82 –6 2 a + 1 + 2a2 = 0 (b) Two vertices of an equilateral triangle are
But this quadratic equation will have two distinct (–1,0) and (1,0) and its third vertex lies
roots if above the x-axis. Find the equation of its
circumcircle. [IIT - 97]
48
Sol. (a) The given circle is k
its centre O will coincide with centroed G 0,
ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 1 3
Let the point P not lying on (i) be (x1,y1), Let be 1 2k 2
the indintion of the line through P whin i.e. 0, and radius r = OA = =
intersects the given curve at Q and R. Then 3 3 3
equation of line through Pis 2 2
1 2
x – x1 y – y1 circle is x2 + y – =
= =r 3 3
cos sin
2y
x = x1 + r cos, y = y1 + r sinq x2 + y2 – –1=0
3
for point Q and R, above point must lie on (i)
a (x1 + rcos)2 + 2h (x1+rcos (y1 + r sin ) + Q.28 The chords of contact of the pair of tangents
b(y1 + rsin)2 = 1 drawn from each point on the line 2x + y = 4 to
(acos2 + 2hsincos + b sin2)r2 the circle x2 + y2 = 1 pass through the
+ 2(ax1cos + hx1sin + hy1cos+by1sin)r2 point........... [IIT-97]
+2 (ax1 cos + hx1sin + hy1cos + by1sin) r + Sol. A point on the line 2x + y = 4 is of the form
(ax12 + 2x1y1 + by12 – 1) = 0 (h, 4 – 2h) Equation of the chord of contact is T =
It is quadratic in r, giving two values fo r as PQ 0
and PR. i.e. hx + (4 – 2h)y = 1
or (4y – 1) + h(x – 2y) = 0
ax12 2hx1y1 by12 – 1 This line passes through the point of intersection
Q PQ.PR =
a cos2 2h sin cos b sin 2 of 4y –1 = 0 and x – 2y = 0
Here, ax1 + 2hx1y1 + by12 – 1 0 cos (x1,y1) does
2 1 1
i.e. through the point ,
not lie on (i),Also, 2 4
a cos2 + 2h sincos + bsin2
Q.29 Let C be any circle with centre (0, 2 ). Prove
= a + 2h sincos + (b – a)sin2
that at most two rational points can be there on
= a + sin (2hcos + (b – a)sin)
C. (A rational point is a point both of whose
= a +sin 4h 2 (b – a ) 2 . [cossin+sincos] coordinates are rational numbers) [IIT 1997]
b–a Sol. Equations of any circle C with centre at
where tan = (0, 2 ) is given by
2h
(x – 0)2 + (y – 2 )2 = r2
=a+ 4h 2 (b – a ) 2 sin sin ( + )
or x2 + y2 –2 2 y + 2 = r2 ..........(i)
which will be independent of , if
4h2 + (b – a)2 = 0 where r > 0.
Let (x1,y1), (x2, y2), (x3, y3) be three distinct
h = 0 and b = a
rational point on(i). since a straight line parallel to
equation (i) reduees to
x-axis meets a circle in atmost two points, either,
1
x2 + y2 = y1,y2 or y1,y3 putting these in (i), we get
a
x12 y12 – 2 2 y1 = r2 – 2 ..........(ii)
which is a circle.
x 22 y 22 – 2 2 y 2 = r2 – 2 ..........(iii)
A (0,k)(0, 3 )
(b) x 32 y32 – 2 2 y3 = r2 – 2 .........(iv)
2 2 subtracting (ii) from (iii), we obtain
2k/3
O (0,k/3) p1 – 2 q1 = 0
B C where p1 = x 22 + y 22 – x12 – y12
(–1,0) D (0,0) (1,0) q1 = y2 – y1
here BC = 2 = AB = AC as the traingle is Subtreting (ii) form (iv), we obtain
euilateral. its vertex will be lie on the right p2 – 2 q2 = 0
bisector of BC. i.e. in y-axis. let it be (0, k) where where p2 = y3 – y2
k is +ve and equal to 2sin 60º = 3 x32 + y32– x12 – y12
Now p1, p2, q1, q2 are rational numbers. Also
either q1 0 or q2 0. If q1 0. then
49
2 =p2/p2 In aby case 2 is a rational number. 1
–
– ––
=
3 r 2 cos 2r cos
This is a contradiction. 3 3 . cos 3 3
2 2
Q.30 The number of common tangents to the circles
x2 + y2 = 4 and x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y = 24 is 1
[IIT-98] = [r{2cos cos } + 2rcos ]
3 3
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) 4 1
Sol. [B] = [rcos + 2r cos] = r cos
3
1
and q = r sin – r sin 2r sin
C12 3 3 3
C2
1
7 = r sin – sin 2r sin
3 3 3
S1 x2 + y2 – 4 = 0 1
–
– ––
=
3 r 2 sin 2r sin
3 3 3 3
C1 (0, 0) ; r1 = 2 . cos
2 2
S2 x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y – 24 = 0
C2 (3, 4) ; r2 = 7 1
C1C2 = 5 = [r{2sincos } + 2rsin ]
3 3
C1C2 = r2 – r1
So, only one tangent possible 1
= [r{sin} + 2r sin] = r sin
3
Q.31 C1 and C2 are two concentric circles, the radius
Now, (p, q)= (rcos, rsin) lies on x2 + y2 = r2
of C2 being twice that of C1. From a point P on
C2, tangents PA and PB are drawn to C1. Prove which is called C1.
that the centroid of the triangle PAB lies on C1. Q.32 If two distinct chords drawn from the point
[IIT-98] (p,q) on the circle x2 + y2 = px + qy (where
Sol. Let the point P be (2r cos, 2r sin) pq 0) are bisected by the x-axis then [IIT-99]
we have OA = r, OP = 2r (A) p2 = q2 (B) p2 = 8q2
2 2
As OAP is a right angled triangle. (C) p < 8q (D) p2 > 8q2
C1 Sol. [D]
C2 y
A
–
x
P A(p,q)
(h,0)
B
C
O
1
cos = =
2 3 From equation of circle it is clealr that circle
co-ordinates of A are passes through origin. Let AB is chord of the
circle.
r cos – , r sin – A (p, q) and C(h, 0) is mid-point then
3 3 B(– p + 2h,– q) and lies on the circle,
x2 + y2 = px + qy
and that of B are r cos , r sin we have, (– p + 2h)2 + (–q)2 = p(–p + 2h) +q(–q)
3 3
p2 + 4h2 – 4ph + q2 = – p2 + 2ph – q2
If p,q is the centroid of PAB 2h2 – 3ph + p2 + q2 = 0 .......(i)
There are given two distinect chords which are
then p = r cos – r cos 2r cos
1
3 3 bisceted at x-axis, then there will be two distinct
3 values of h restisfying (i)
so, discriminant of this qadratic equation must be
<0
D>0
50
(–3p)2 – 4.2(p2 + q2) > 0 y
9p2 – 8p2 –8q2 > 0
p2 – 8q2 > 0 B1 T 1
A1 L
p2 > 8q2 30º
x
Q.33 Let L1 be a straight line passing through the S C1 M O N C2
origin and L2 be the straight line x + y = 1. If the (–2,0)
intercepts made by the circle x2 + y2 – x + 3y = 0 A2
B2 T2
on L1 and L2 are equal, then which of the
following equations can represent L1 [IIT- 99]
(A) x + y = 0 (B) x – y = 0
(C) x + 7y = 0 (D) x – 7y = 0
Sol. [C]
Let euation of line L1 be y = mx Intercepts made I
by L1 and L2 on the circle will be equal i.e. C1 C2
L1 and L2 are at the same distacne from the centre
of the circle.
centre of the given circle is (1/2,–3/2), therefore From figure it is clear that triagle OLS is a right
m 3 angle triangle with right angle at L.
1 3
– –1 Also, OL = 1 and OS = 2
2 2 2 2
= 1
11 m2 1 sin (LSO) =
2
2 | m 3| LSO = –30º
=
2 2 m2 1 since SA1 = SA2 SA1A2 is an equilateral
8m + 8 = m2 + 6m + 9
2 triangle The circle with centre at C1 is a circle
7m2 – 6m – 1 = 0 Inscribed in the SA1A2. Therefore centre C1 is
centroid of SA1A2 This C1 divides SM in the
(7m + 1) (m – 1) = 0 m = 1, –1/7 ratio 2 : 1 Therefore co-ordinates of C1 are
Thus two chords are x + 7y = 0 and y – x = 0 (–4/3, 0) and its radius = C1M = 1/3
Hence x – y = 0 & x + 7y = 0 represents L1 2 2
4 1
its equation is x + y2 = .....(i)
Q.34 Let T1 , T2 be two tangents drawn from (–2 , 0) 3 3
onto the circle C : x2 + y2 = 1. Determine the The other circle touches the equilrteral triangle
circles touching C and having T1 , T2 as their
pair of tangents, Further , find the equations of SB1B2 extreally its radius r is given by r =
s–a
all possible common tangents to these circles,
where B1B2 = a
when taken two at a time. [IIT-99]
1 3
Sol. But = (a) (SN) = a
2 2
3 a
and s – a = a – a =
2 2
Thus r = 3
co-ordinates of C2 are (4, 0)
equation of circle with centre at C2 is
(x – 4)2 + y2 = 32 ..........(ii)
Equations of common tangents to circle (i) and
1
circle are x – 1 and y = ± (x + 2) [T1 & T2]
3
Two tangents common to (i) and (ii) adre T 1 and
To find the remaining two transverse tangent and
(ii); we find a point I which divides the C1C2 in
1
the ratio r1 : r2 = : 3 = 1 : 9
3
51
Therefore, co-ordinates of I are (–4/5, 0) y
4
Equation of any line through I is y = m x Q(3,4)
5
(–4,3)
4 4 R
m – – 0 x
5 5 1 O
it will touch (i) if =
1 m2 3
39m2 = 25 = m = ± 5/ 39 P
Therefore, These tangents are
Now slope of OQ = 4/3
5 4
y=± x slope of OR = –3/4
39 5
Again m1m2 = –1
Q.35 The triangle PQR is inscribed in the circle Therefore, QOR = 90º
x2 + y2 = 25. If Q and R have co-ordinates which implies that QPR = 45º
(3, 4) and (–4, 3) respectively, then angle QPR
is equal to [IIT SCR.-2000]
(A) /2 (B) /3 (C) /4 (D) /6
Sol. [C]
O is the point at centre and Pis the point at
circumfrecens therefore, angle QOR is double the
angle QPR. so it is sufficient to find the angle
QOR.
52
ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE # 1
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. B D A B C D B C B A A A A B D C C B C C
Q.No. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
Ans. A A C C C B B A D A D B A A A B
37. True 38. True 39. True 40. True 41. (–b,a) or (b, –a) 42. 2 c 2 – 2
EXERCISE # 2
(PART-A)
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Ans. B B B A C C C A A A C B A
Q.No. 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Ans. C A B A A B B C A A C C A
(PART-B)
Qus. 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
Ans. B,C A,B A,B A, B A,B,C,D B B,C
(PART-C)
Qus. 34 35 36 37
Ans. A A B B
(PART-D)
38. A Q, B P, C R, D S 39. A Q, B P, C R, D S
40. A R, B S, C P, D Q
EXERCISE # 3
1. 2(x2 + y2) – 2cx + c2 – a2 = 0 3. 4x – 3y – 25 = 0 ; 3x + 4y = 25
4. (x + 4 + 3 2 )2 + y2 = 9( 2 + 1)2, (x – 2 )2 + y2 = (–1 + 2 )2 5. x2 + y2 = a2 + b2
6. x2 + y2 – 3x – 5y = 0 7. x2 + y2 + (g – 2) x + (f – 1)y – 2g – f = 0
1 1
9. x + y = 2 10. (–4, 4), (– , )
2 2
12. 2x ± y 5 – 15 = 0 or x ± y 35 – 30 = 0 14. y = x + 1, y + x + 1 = 0 15. x2 + y2 – 7x + 7y + 12 = 0
53
Qus. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Ans. C B C B A B B C B
EXERCISE # 4
1. (A) 2. (B) 3. 9 + 3 10 4. Ellipse 5. (C) 6. (A) 7. r = 5
8. (C) 9. 2x2+ 2y2 – 10x – 5y + 1 = 0 10. (A) 11. 5 12. (A) 13. (D)
14. (C) 15. (B) 16. (A) 17. (C) 18. (B) 19. (D) 20. (C)
21. (D) 22. (A) 23. (D) 24. (B) 25. 8 26. (D) 27. 2
28. (A) 29. (A) 30. (D)
EXERCISE # 5
3. x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 9 = 0 or x2 + y2 – 20x – 22y + 121 = 0 4. (C) 5. x2 + y2 –x = 0
6. x2 + y2 + 8x –6y + 9 = 0 7. x2 + y2 –10 x –4y + 4 = 0 9. k = 1 10. (A,C)
9 12 9 12
11. (A) 12. , or , 13. x2 + y2 + gx + fy + c/2 = 0
5 5 5 5
14. (A) 15. (C) 16. x2 + y2 + 18x –2y + 32 = 0 17. 2
18. x2 + y2 + 6x + 2y –15 = 0 and x2 + y2 –10 x –10 y + 25 = 0 19. (D) 20. a2 > 2b2
23
21. (D) 22. 16x2 + 16y2 – 48x + 16y + 31= 0 23. 2, 24. (D)
3
2 2
1 1 1 2y
25. (a) x + y = (b) (–,–2) (2,) 26. 7 27. (b) x2 + y2 – –1 = 0
2 2 2 3
1 1
28. , 30. (B) 32. (D) 33. (B, C)
2 4
2
4 1 (x 2) 5 4
34. (x – 4) 2 + y2 = 9, x + y2 = , x = ± 1, y = ± ,y=± x 35. (C)
3 9 3 39 5
54
You might also like
- Circle: Equation of A Circle in Various FormsNo ratings yetCircle: Equation of A Circle in Various Forms25 pages
- Circle - GB - Sir - Module (1) (4) - CompressedNo ratings yetCircle - GB - Sir - Module (1) (4) - Compressed8 pages
- Circle_Sphere_DPP_18.1_Shaurya_2.0649aa7254497d9001864ccdbNo ratings yetCircle_Sphere_DPP_18.1_Shaurya_2.0649aa7254497d9001864ccdb6 pages
- CirclesNexusCrashCourse-PracticeSheet (1)No ratings yetCirclesNexusCrashCourse-PracticeSheet (1)22 pages
- 03 XI-M1-06 Circle - Solution - 64dcc938c0cdbNo ratings yet03 XI-M1-06 Circle - Solution - 64dcc938c0cdb21 pages
- [Srn Sr-001] Jeemain Weekly Test Solutions and ResultNo ratings yet[Srn Sr-001] Jeemain Weekly Test Solutions and Result18 pages
- Mathematics as Level(Form Five) Notes – Circle - EcolebooksNo ratings yetMathematics as Level(Form Five) Notes – Circle - Ecolebooks29 pages
- Level - 1: Concept Building Chapter Name: Circles. Subjective Type Topic: Equation of CirclesNo ratings yetLevel - 1: Concept Building Chapter Name: Circles. Subjective Type Topic: Equation of Circles49 pages
- Problems 03 - Circle: θ, y = 1 + 3 sin θ, θNo ratings yetProblems 03 - Circle: θ, y = 1 + 3 sin θ, θ7 pages
- Analytic Geometry: Graphic Solutions Using Matlab LanguageFrom EverandAnalytic Geometry: Graphic Solutions Using Matlab LanguageNo ratings yet
- RG CE Plenary Comments On Policy On LFCR Part A - B Articles - ArticleOwnerResponses - VfinalNo ratings yetRG CE Plenary Comments On Policy On LFCR Part A - B Articles - ArticleOwnerResponses - Vfinal54 pages
- USEMO Rules and Procedures: United States Ersatz Math OlympiadNo ratings yetUSEMO Rules and Procedures: United States Ersatz Math Olympiad5 pages
- 0809 - Instrumentation Installation Specification - RevBNo ratings yet0809 - Instrumentation Installation Specification - RevB64 pages
- Abaqus Technology Brief: Earth Penetration Simulation Using Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian AnalysisNo ratings yetAbaqus Technology Brief: Earth Penetration Simulation Using Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian Analysis4 pages
- PR2 Topic 4 - Variables and Scales of MeasurementNo ratings yetPR2 Topic 4 - Variables and Scales of Measurement23 pages
- EC09 L025-Biomedical Instrumentation-ST 2No ratings yetEC09 L025-Biomedical Instrumentation-ST 21 page
- Real Options Meeting The Challenge CopelandNo ratings yetReal Options Meeting The Challenge Copeland22 pages
- Bravilor Bonamat Operating Principle THA (After 2009) GBNo ratings yetBravilor Bonamat Operating Principle THA (After 2009) GB4 pages
- THDC Institute of Hydropower Engineering and TechnologyNo ratings yetTHDC Institute of Hydropower Engineering and Technology3 pages
- Digitronik Digital Indicating Controller SDC10 User's ManualNo ratings yetDigitronik Digital Indicating Controller SDC10 User's Manual38 pages
- Accurate - Wide - Range - Design - Equations - For MicrostripNo ratings yetAccurate - Wide - Range - Design - Equations - For Microstrip8 pages
- Science Class x Chapter 05 Life ProcessesNo ratings yetScience Class x Chapter 05 Life Processes5 pages
- Experiment-1 Visible Spectroscopy of Hexaaquacobalt (II) IonNo ratings yetExperiment-1 Visible Spectroscopy of Hexaaquacobalt (II) Ion4 pages
