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Voltage and Current Dividers

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15 views7 pages

Voltage and Current Dividers

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Energy Music
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Laboratory 3

Voltage and current dividers

Objective:

o Series and parallel connections,


o Ohm’s Law,
o Voltage divider,
o Current divider,
o Experimental implementation of the voltage divider,
o Experimental implementation of the current divider.

Equipment:

o Digilent Electronics Explorer Board,


o Digital multimeter,
o Resistors.

Theoretical support:

o Lecture 2 (Microsoft Power Point Support):

 The topology of electric circuits,


 The correspondence between electrical scheme – equivalent circuit,
 Series and parallel connections,
 Ohm’s law,
 Series connections of resistance,
 Voltage divider,
 Parallel connections of resistance,
 Current divider.

Prelab:

1. The following circuit is given:

1
VR
I

Fig. 1

Write the statement and the analytical expression of the law with which you can
calculate the value of the current that passes through the resistance R.

2. The following circuit is given:


VR1

VR2

Fig. 2

a. Write the analytical expression of the equivalent resistance across the terminals
AB.
b. Write the analytical expression of the voltage drop across resistance R1.

3. The following circuit is given:


I

IR2

Fig. 3

a. Write the analytical expression of the equivalent resistance across the terminals AB.
b. Write the analytical expression of the current that flows through resistance R2.
Procedure:

1. Voltage divider
For the following circuit, are given: R1=2.2kΩ, R2=4.7kΩ, and Vopen – the voltage
drop at open circuit measured at AB terminals:

2
VR1
A

Vsupply VR2
Vopen

B
Fig. 4. Voltage divider with two resistances.

a. Calculate the equivalent resistance at the terminals AB.


b. For Vsupply=5V, calculate the values of the voltages VR1, and VR2. Note the
calculated values in Table 1 (Appendix 1).
c. Repeat steps a. and b. for R1=R2=2kΩ.
d. In series with R1 and R2 is connected a resistance R3=1kΩ. Calculate the
voltage drops VR1, VR2, and VR3. Note the calculated values in Table 1
(Appendix 1).

B)
a. Using an Ohmmeter, measure the resistances values of the two resistors
chosen in Fig.4: R1=2.2kΩ, R2=4.7kΩ.
b. Using the resistors chosen at step a., implement on Digilent Explorer board
the circuit presented in Fig. 5.
c. Using an Ohmmeter, measure the value of the equivalent resistance at
terminals AB.
d. Set the voltage supply value to 5V. Measure using a Voltmeter the voltage
drop at terminals AB, Vopen. Note the measured value in Table 1(Appendix 1).
e. Measure using a Voltmeter the voltage values VR1, and VR2. Note the
measured values in Table 1(Appendix 1).
f. Repeat steps b. and c. for R1=R2=2kΩ.
g. In series with R1 and R2 is connected a resistance R3=1kΩ. Measure using a
Voltmeter the voltage drops VR1, VR2, and VR3. Note the measured values in
Table 1 (Appendix 1).

3
3. Series and parallel connections
The circuit from Fig.6 is implemented on the Digilent Explorer Board.

Fig. 6

Using an Ohmmeter:

a. Measure the equivalent resistance value at the terminals AB, if terminals CD


and EF are in open-circuit.
b. Measure the equivalent resistance value at the terminals AB, if terminals CD
and EF are in short-circuit.
c. Measure the equivalent resistance value at the terminals CD, if terminals AB
and EF are in open-circuit.
d. Measure the equivalent resistance value at the terminals CD, if terminals AB
and EF are in short-circuit.
e. Measure the equivalent resistance value at the terminals EF, if terminals AB
and CD are in open-circuit.
f. Measure the equivalent resistance value at the terminals EF, if terminals AB
and CD are in short-circuit.

4
Questions for Lab Report:

1. For the circuit from Fig.6:


a. Calculate the equivalent resistance value at the terminals AB, if terminals CD and
EF are in open-circuit.
b. Calculate the equivalent resistance value at the terminals AB, if terminals CD and
EF are in short-circuit.
c. Calculate the equivalent resistance value at the terminals CD, if terminals AB and
EF are in open-circuit.
d. Calculate the equivalent resistance value at the terminals CD, if terminals AB and
EF are in short-circuit.
e. Calculate the equivalent resistance value at the terminals EF, if terminals AB and
CD are in open-circuit.
f. Calculate the equivalent resistance value at the terminals EF, if terminals AB and
CD are in short-circuit.
2. Explain the difference between the measured values and calculated values.
3. For the circuit from Fig.2, calculate the total current and the currents that passes through
each resistance.
4. The following circuit is given: R1  5 k , R 2  2 k , R 3  R 4  R 5  R 6  8k and
V=5V.

Vsursă

Fig.8
a. Specify which circuit elements are connected in series and which circuit elements
are connected in parallel.
b. Calculate the equivalent resistance of the circuit.
c. Calculate the voltage drops across each resistance.
d. Calculate the currents that flow through each resistance.

5
Appendix 1

Table 1

Voltage divider Vopen, [V] VR1, [V] VR2, [V] VR3, [V]

R1 =
Calculated
R2 =
R1 = Measured
R2 = (Multimeter)
R1 =
Calculated
R2 =
R1 = Measured
R2 = (Multimeter)
R1 =
R2 = Calculated
R3 =
R1 = Measured
R2 =
(Multimeter)
R3 =
R1 =
R2 = Calculated
R3 =
R1 = Measured
R2 =
(Multimeter)
R3 =

6
Appendix 2
Detailing of the measurements of voltage drops for the circuit from Fig.5

Measuring the voltage VR1 using a voltmeter (voltage drop across resistance R1)

+ -

Measuring the voltage VR2 using a voltmeter (voltage drop across resistance R2)

Measuring the voltage V using a voltmeter

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