BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO

180:2000+A2:2013

Plastics —
Determination of Izod
impact strength

ICS 83.080.01
BS EN ISO 180:2000+A2:2013

National foreword

This British Standard is the UK implementation of

EN ISO 180:2000+A2:2013. It is identical to ISO 180:2000, incorporating
amendments 1:2006 and 2:2013. It supersedes BS EN ISO 180:2001, which
is withdrawn.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated
in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to ISO text carry the number of
the ISO amendment. For example, text altered by ISO amendment 1 is
indicated by !".
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical
Committee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
legal obligations.

This British Standard, having Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

been prepared under the
direction of the Sector
Committee for Materials and Date Comments
Chemicals, was published under
the authority of the Standards
Committee and comes into effect 30 March 2007 See national foreword
on 15 March 2006

30 June 2013 Implementation of ISO amendment 2:2013 with CEN

© The British Standards endorsement A2:2013 and alignment of BSI and CEN
Institution 2013. Published by
BSI Standards Limited 2013. publication dates

ISBN 978 0 580 77077 7

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN ISO 180:2000+A2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM April 2013

ICS 08.008.01

English version

Plastics - Determination of Izod impact strength (ISO 180:2000)

Plastiques - Détermination de la résistance au choc Izod Kunststoff - Bestimmung der Izod-Schlagzähigkeit (ISO
(ISO 180:2000) 180:2000)

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 December 2000.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

© 2000 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 180:2000 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
 BS EN ISO 180:2000 +A2:2013
EN ISO 180:2000+A2:2013 (E)

Foreword

The text of the International Standard ISO 180:2000 has been prepared by Technical
Committee ISO/TC 61 "Plastics" in collaboration with Technical Committee
CEN/TC 249 "Plastics", the secretariat of which is held by IBN.
This European Standard supersedes EN ISO 180:1996.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by
publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2001, and
conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2001.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards
organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European
Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard ISO 180:2000 was approved by CEN as a
European Standard without any modification.
NOTE: Normative references to International Standards are listed in annex ZA
(normative).
__________

Foreword to amendment A1

This document (EN ISO 180:2000/A1:2006) has been prepared by Technical

Committee ISO/TC 61 "Plastics" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC
249 "Plastics", the secretariat of which is held by IBN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by
publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2007, and
conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2007.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards
organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European
Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 180:2000/Amd1:2006 has been approved by CEN as
EN ISO 180:2000/A1:2006 without any modifications.
BS EN ISO 180:2000 +A2:2013
EN ISO 180:2000+A2:2013 (E)

Foreword to amendment A2
This document (EN ISO 180:2000/A2:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 "Plastics"
in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN.

This Amendment to the European Standard EN ISO 180:2000 shall be given the status of a national standard,
either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2013, and conflicting
national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2013.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

Endorsement notice

The text of ISO 180:2000/Amd 2:2013 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 180:2000/A2:2013 without any
modification.
 BS EN ISO 180:2000+A2:2013
ISO 180:2000+A2:2013 (E)

Contents Page

Foreword.....................................................................................................................................................................iv
1 Scope ..............................................................................................................................................................1
2 Normative references ....................................................................................................................................2
3 Terms and definitions ...................................................................................................................................2
4 Principle..........................................................................................................................................................3
5 Apparatus .......................................................................................................................................................3
6 Test specimens ..............................................................................................................................................3
7 Procedure .......................................................................................................................................................7
8 Calculation and expression of results......................................................................................................... 8
9 Precision......................................................................................................................................................... 9
10 Test report ...................................................................................................................................................... 9

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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.

Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

International Standard ISO 180 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 2,
Mechanical properties.

This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 180:1993), which has been technically revised.

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ISO 180:2000+A2:2013 (E)

Plastics — Determination of Izod impact strength

1 Scope
1.1 This International Standard specifies a method for determining the Izod impact strength of plastics under
defined conditions. A number of different types of specimen and test configurations are defined. Different test
parameters are specified according to the type of material, the type of test specimen and the type of notch.

1.2 The method is used to investigate the behaviour of specified types of specimen under the impact conditions
defined and for estimating the brittleness or toughness of specimens within the limitations inherent in the test
conditions.

1.3 The method is suitable for use with the following range of materials:

rigid thermoplastic moulding and extrusion materials, including filled and reinforced compounds in addition to
unfilled types; rigid thermoplastics sheets;

rigid thermosetting moulding materials, including filled and reinforced compounds; rigid thermosetting sheets,
including laminates;

fibre-reinforced thermosetting and thermoplastic composites incorporating unidirectional or non-unidirectional

reinforcements such as mat, woven fabrics, woven rovings, chopped strands, combination and hybrid
reinforcements, rovings and milled fibres and sheet made from pre-impregnated materials (prepregs);

thermotropic liquid-crystal polymers.

1.4 The method is not normally suitable for use with rigid cellular materials and sandwich structures containing
cellular material. Also, notched specimens are not normally used for long-fibre-reinforced composites or
thermotropic liquid-crystal polymers.

1.5 The method is suited to the use of specimens which may be either moulded to the chosen dimensions,
machined from the central portion of a standard multipurpose test specimen (see ISO 3167) or machined from
finished or semifinished products such as mouldings, laminates and extruded or cast sheet.

1.6 The method specifies preferred dimensions for the test specimen. Tests which are carried out on specimens
of different dimensions or with different notches, or specimens which are prepared under different conditions, may
produce results which are not comparable. Other factors, such as the energy capacity of the apparatus, its impact
velocity and the conditioning of the specimens can also influence the results. Consequently, when comparative
data are required, these factors must be carefully controlled and recorded.

1.7 The method should not be used as a source of data for design calculations. Information on the typical
behaviour of a material can be obtained, however, by testing at different temperatures, by varying the notch radius
and/or the thickness and by testing specimens prepared under different conditions.

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ISO 180:2000+A2:2013 (E)

2 Normative references

The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these
publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.

! ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing.

ISO 293, Plastics Compression moulding test specimens of thermoplastic materials.

ISO 294-1, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Part 1: General
principles, and moulding of multipurpose and bar test specimens.

ISO 295:1991, Plastics Compression moulding of test specimens of thermosetting materials.

ISO 1268 (all parts), Fibre-reinforced plastics — Methods of producing test plates.

ISO 2602, Statistical interpretation of test results Estimation of the mean Confidence interval.

ISO 2818, Plastics Preparation of test specimens by machining.

ISO 3167, Plastics Multipurpose test specimens.

ISO 10724-1, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermosetting powder moulding compounds
(PMCs) Part 1: General principles and moulding of multipurpose test specimens.

ISO 13802, Plastics Verification of pendulum impact-testing machines Charpy, Izod and tensile impact-
testing."

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1
Izod unnotched impact strength
aiU
impact energy absorbed in breaking an unnotched specimen, referred to the original cross-sectional area of the
specimen

NOTE It is expressed in kilojoules per square metre (kJ/m2).

3.2
Izod notched impact strength
aiN
impact energy absorbed in breaking a notched specimen, referred to the original cross-sectional area of the
specimen at the notch, with the pendulum striking the face containing the notch

NOTE It is expressed in kilojoules per square metre (kJ/m2).

!Footnotes deleted "

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3.3
parallel impact
p
laminar-reinforced plastics impact with the direction of blow parallel to the plane of reinforcement

NOTE The direction of the blow in the Izod test is usually “edgewise parallel” (ep) ( !see Figures 1 and 2" ).

3.4
normal impact
n
laminar-reinforced plastics impact with the direction of blow normal to the plane of reinforcement

NOTE This kind of impact is not usually used with the Izod test, but is indicated for the sake of completion ( !see
also Figures 1 and 2" ).

4 Principle
The test specimen, supported as a vertical cantilever beam, is broken by a single impact of a striker, with the line of
impact a fixed distance from the specimen clamp and, in the case of notched specimens, from the centreline of the
notch (see Figure 2).

5 Apparatus

5.1 Test machine

5.1.1 The principles, characteristics and verification of suitable test machines are detailed in ISO 13802.

! ISO 13802 describes partial verification and full verification. In the case of full verification, some items are
difficult to verify when the apparatus is assembled. Such verifications are assumed to be incumbent on the
manufacturer."

5.1.2 Some plastics are sensitive to clamping pressure. When testing such materials, a means of standardizing
the clamping force shall be used and the clamping force shall be recorded in the test report. The clamping force
can be controlled by using a calibrated torque wrench or a pneumatic or hydraulic device on the vice clamping
screw.

5.2 Micrometers and gauges

Micrometers and gauges capable of measuring the essential dimensions of test specimens to an accuracy of
0,02 mm are required. For measuring the dimension bN of notched specimens, the micrometer shall be fitted with
an anvil of width 2 mm to 3 mm and of suitable profile to fit the shape of the notch.

6 Test specimens

6.1 Preparation

6.1.1 Moulding and extrusion compounds

Specimens shall be prepared in accordance with the relevant material specification. When none exists, and unless
otherwise specified, specimens shall be either directly compression moulded or injection moulded from the material
in accordance with ISO 293, ISO 294-1, ISO 295 or ISO 10724-1 as appropriate, or machined in accordance with
ISO 2818 from sheet that has been compression or injection moulded from the compound. Specimens may also be
cut from multipurpose test specimens complying with ISO 3167, type A.

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ISO 180:2000+A2:2013 (E)

Key
1 Direction of blow 3 Fixed vice jaw
2 Movable vice jaw 4 Optional groove
Edgewise (e) and flatwise (f) indicate the direction of the blow with respect to the specimen thickness h and specimen width b.
Normal (n) and parallel (p) indicate the direction of the blow with respect to the laminate plane.
The usual Izod test is "edgewise parallel". When h = b, parallel as well as normal impact testing is possible.

Figure 1 — Scheme of designations describing the direction of blow

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ISO 180:2000+A2:2013 (E)

! Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 striking edge (for radius, see ISO 13802)
2 notch
3 vice jaw edge about which bending takes place (for radius, see ISO 13802)
4 faces of jaws in contact with the specimen
5 fixed vice jaw
6 movable vice jaw
bN remaining width at notch base (8 mm ± 0,2 mm)

Figure 2 — Vice jaws, test specimen (notched) and striking edge shown at impact "

6.1.2 Sheets

Specimens shall be machined from sheets in accordance with ISO 2818. Whenever possible, specimens with
notch A shall be used. The machined surface of unnotched specimens shall not be tested under tension.

6.1.3 Long-fibre-reinforced materials

A panel shall be prepared in accordance with ISO 1268 or another specified or agreed upon preparation procedure.
Specimens shall be machined in accordance with !the relevant part of " ISO 2818.

6.1.4 Checking

The specimens shall be free of twist and shall have mutually perpendicular parallel surfaces. The surfaces and
edges shall be free from scratches, pits, sink marks and flash.

The specimens shall be checked for conformity with these requirement by visual observation against straightedges,
squares and flat plates, and by measuring with micrometer callipers.

Specimens showing measurable or observable departure from one or more of these requirements shall be rejected
or machined to proper size and shape before testing.

6.1.5 Notching

6.1.5.1 Machined notches shall be prepared in accordance with ISO 2818. The profile of the cutting tooth shall
be such as to produce in the specimen a notch of the contour and depth shown in ! Figure 3 " , at right
angles to its principal axes. The notch profile shall be checked at regular intervals.

6.1.5.2 Specimens with moulded-in notches may be used if specified for the material being tested. Specimens
with moulded-in notches do not give results comparable to those obtained from specimens with machined notches.
The notch profile shall be checked at regular intervals.

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ISO 180:2000+A2:2013 (E)

Radius rN of notch base = 0,25 mm ± 0,05 mm Radius rN of notch base = 1 mm ± 0,05 mm

b = specimen width (10 mm ± 0,2 mm) b = specimen width (10 mm ± 0,2 mm)
bN = remaining width at notch base (8 mm ± 0,2 mm) bN = remaining width at notch base (8 mm ± 0,2 mm)

a) Type A b) Type B

Figure 3 — Notch types "

6.2 Anisotropy

Certain types of sheet or panel material may show different impact properties depending on the direction in the
plane of the sheet or panel. In such cases, it is customary to cut groups of test specimens with their major axes
respectively parallel and perpendicular to the direction of some feature of the sheet or panel which is either visible
or inferred from knowledge of the method of manufacture.

6.3 Shape and dimensions

6.3.1 General

For the dimensions of the test specimen, see Table 1.

Where necessary with certain types of apparatus, the length may be shortened symmetrically to 63,5 mm.

The longitudinal direction of the notch is always parallel to the thickness h.

Table 1 — Method designations, specimen types, notch types and notch dimensions
Dimensions in millimetres

Method Notch base Remaining width, bN,

Specimen Notch typea
designationa,b radius, rN at notch base

ISO 180/U Unnotched

Length l = 80 2
ISO 180/A Width b = 10,0 0,2 A 0,25 0,05
Thickness h = 4,0 0,2 8,0 0,2
ISO 180/B B 1,00 0,05
a If specimens are taken from sheet or products, the thickness h of the sheet or product shall be added to the designation.
Unreinforced specimens shall not be tested with their machined surface under tension.
b If the sheet thickness h equals the width b, the direction of the blow (normal n, or parallel p) shall be added to the
designation.

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ISO 180:2000+A2:2013 (E)

6.3.2 Moulding and extrusion compounds

Test specimens with one of two different types of notch shall be used as specified in Table 1 and shown in
!Figure 3". The notch shall be located at the centre of the specimen.

The preferred type of notch is type A. If information on the notch sensitivity of the material is desired, specimens
with notch types A and B shall be tested.

6.3.3 Sheet materials, including long-fibre-reinforced materials

The recommended thickness h is 4 mm. If the specimen is cut from a sheet or a piece taken from a structure, the
thickness of the specimen, up to 10,2 mm, shall be the same as the thickness of the sheet or the structure.

Specimens taken from pieces thicker than 10,2 mm shall be machined to 10 mm 0,2 mm from one surface,
providing that the sheet is homogeneous in its thickness and contains only one type of reinforcement uniformly
distributed. If unnotched specimens are tested, the original surface shall be tested under tension, in order to avoid
surface effects.

Specimens shall be tested edgewise parallel, with the exception of specimens with h = b = 10 mm which can be
tested parallel or normal to the laminate plane ( !see Figures 1 and 2 " ).

6.4 Number of test specimens

6.4.1 Unless otherwise specified in the standard for the material being tested, a set consisting of 10 specimens
shall be tested. When the coefficient of variation (see ISO 2602) has a value of less than 5 %, a minimum number
of five test specimens is sufficient.

6.4.2 If laminates are tested in the normal and parallel directions, 10 specimens shall be used for each direction.

6.5 Conditioning

Unless otherwise specified in the standard for the material under test, the specimens shall be conditioned for at
least 16 h at 23 °C and 50 % relative humidity in accordance with ISO 291, unless other conditions are agreed
upon by the interested parties. In the case of notched specimens, the conditioning time is after notching.

7 Procedure
7.1 Conduct the test in the same atmosphere as that used for conditioning, unless otherwise agreed upon by the
interested parties, e.g. for testing at high or low temperatures.

7.2 Measure the thickness h and width b of each test specimen, in the centre, to the nearest 0,02 mm. In the
case of notched specimens, carefully measure the remaining width bN to the nearest 0,02 mm.

In the case of injection-moulded specimens, it is not necessary to measure the dimensions of each specimen. It is
sufficient to measure one specimen from a set to make sure that the dimensions correspond to those in Table 1.
With multiple-cavity moulds, ensure that the dimensions of the specimens are the same for each cavity.

7.3 Check that the impact machine is able to perform the test with the specified velocity of impact and that it is in
the correct range of absorbed energy W which shall be between 10 % and 80 % of the available energy at impact,
E. If more than one of the pendulums conform to these requirements, the pendulum having the highest energy shall
be used.

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7.4 Determine the frictional losses and correct the absorbed energy in accordance with ISO 13802.

7.5 Lift the pendulum to the prescribed height and support it. Place the specimen in the vice and clamp it as
shown in ! Figures 1 and 2" , in accordance with 5.1.2. When determining the notched Izod impact strength,
the notch shall be positioned on the side that is to be struck by the striking edge of the pendulum.

7.6 Release the pendulum. Record the impact energy absorbed by the specimen and apply any necessary
corrections for frictional losses, etc. (see 7.4).

7.7 Four types of break designated by the following code-letters may occur:

C complete break: a break in which the specimen separates into two or more pieces

H hinge break: an incomplete break such that both parts of the specimen are held together only by a thin
peripheral layer in the form of a hinge having low residual stiffness

P partial break: an incomplete break that does not meet the definition for hinge break

! N non-break: there is no break and the specimen is only distorted, possibly combined with stress whitening"

8 Calculation and expression of results

8.1 Unnotched specimens

Calculate the Izod impact strength of unnotched specimens, aiU, expressed in kilojoules per square metre, using
the following equation:

Ec
a iU 10 3 (1)
h b

where

Ec is the corrected energy, in joules, absorbed by breaking the test specimen;

h is the thickness, in millimetres, of the test specimen;

b is the width, in millimetres, of the test specimen.

8.2 Notched specimens

Calculate the Izod impact strength of notched specimens, aiN, expressed in kilojoules per square metre, with
notches A or B, using the following equation:

Ec
a iN 10 3 (2)
h bN

where

Ec is the corrected energy, in joules, absorbed by breaking the test specimen;

h is the thickness, in millimetres, of the test specimen;

bN is the remaining width, in millimetres, of the test specimen.

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8.3 Statistical parameters

Calculate the arithmetic mean of test results and the standard deviation of the mean value, if required, using the
procedure given in ISO 2602. For different types of failure within one sample, the relevant numbers of specimens
shall be given and mean values shall be calculated.

8.4 Significant figures

Report all calculated mean values to two significant figures.

9 Precision
#See Annex A.$

10 Test report

The test report shall include the following information:

a) a reference to this International Standard;

b) the method used, designated in accordance with Table 1, for example:

c) all information necessary for identification of the material tested, including type, source, manufacturer’s code,
grade and history, where these are known;

d) a description of the nature and form of the material, i.e. whether a product, semifinished product, test plate or
specimen, including principal dimensions, shape, method of manufacture, etc., where these are known;

e) the velocity of impact;

f) the nominal pendulum energy;

g) the clamping pressure, if applicable (see 5.1.2);

h) the method of test specimen preparation;

i) if the material is in the form of a product or a semifinished product, the orientation of the test specimen in
relation to the product or semifinished product from which it was cut;

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ISO 180:2000+A2:2013 (E)

Table 2 — Presentation of results

Type of failure
Designation
C P N

x * * xC*

x (P) * xC(P)

x * (N) xC(N)

* x * xP*

(C) x * xP(C)

* x (N) xP(N)

* * N N*

(C) * N N(C)

* (P) N N(P)
x Mean value of impact strength for most frequent failure type, excluding
type N.

C, P or N Most frequent failure type.

(C), (P) or (N) Second most frequent failure type, to be recorded only if its frequency is
higher than 1/3.

* Not relevant.

j) the number of specimens tested;

k) the standard atmosphere used for conditioning and testing, plus any special conditioning treatment if required
by the standard for the material or product;

l) the type(s) of failure observed;

m) the individual test results, presented as follows (see also Table 2):

1) group the results according to the three basic types of failure:

C complete break, including hinge break H

P partial break

N non-break

2) select the most frequent type and record the mean value x of the impact strength for this type of failure,
followed by the letter C or P for the type of failure,

3) if the most frequent failure type is N, record the letter N only,

4) add (between brackets) the letter C, P or N for the second most frequent failure type, but only if its
frequency is higher than 1/3 (if not relevant, insert an asterisk);

n) the standard deviations of the mean values, if required;

o) the date(s) of the test.

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# Annex A
(informative)

Precision statement

A.1 Table A.1 is based on a round-robin test involving six laboratories and three materials. All of the test
samples were prepared and distributed by one source, except for notching, which was the responsibility
of the laboratories involved. Notches were then verified by the laboratory responsible for specimen
distribution. Each “test result” was the average of ten individual determinations. Each laboratory obtained
and reported one test result for each material on two consecutive days. Test results are labelled according
to laboratory and day (e.g. A1, A2, B1 and B2). Data from laboratory F were significantly different than
data from the others; for this reason, they were excluded from the analysis and not reported.

A.2 Table A.2 contains statistical results output from ASTM E691.
CAUTION — Due to the limited number of laboratories and materials, the following explanations of r and R (see A.3)
are only intended to present a meaningful way of considering the approximate precision of the test method. The data
in table A.2 should not be rigorously applied to the acceptance or rejection of material, as those data are specific to the
round robin and might not be representative of other lots, conditions, materials or laboratories.
A.3 The concepts of “r” and “R” in Table A.2: if sr and sR have been calculated from a large enough body
of data, and for test results that were from one test determination, then:

a) repeatability: two test results obtained within one laboratory shall be judged not equivalent if they
differ by more than the r value for that material. r is the interval representing the critical difference
between two test results for the same material, obtained by the same operator using the same
equipment in the same laboratory.
b) reproducibility: two test results obtained by different laboratories shall be judged not equivalent
if they differ by more than the R value for that material. R is the interval representing the critical
difference between two test results for the same material, obtained by different operators using
different equipment in different laboratories.
Any judgement in accordance with A.3 above would have approximately 95 % (0,95) probability of
being correct.

Table A.1 — Data for two consecutive days, notched impact strength
Notched impact strength in kilojoule per square metre (kJ/m2)
ABS PBT PBT GF30
Laboratory/day
Average Std. dev. Average Std. dev. Average Std. dev.
A1 22,32 1,72 5,96 2,48 11,13 1,53
A2 22,46 0,64 6,46 0,96 11,31 0,84
– – – – – –
B1 20,70 0,32 4,81 0,37 10,12 0,62
B2 21,08 0,44 4,59 0,16 10,41 0,46
– – – – – –
C1 20,27 0,35 4,37 0,29 9,19 0,36
C2 19,97 0,27 4,11 0,13 8,93 0,31
– – – – – –
D1 20,57 0,41 5,09 0,12 9,85 0,52 $
BS EN ISO 180:2000+A2:2013
ISO 180:2000+A2:2013 (E)

# Table A.1 (continued)

D2 20,54 0,46 5,16 0,06 10,06 0,64

– – – – – –
E1 21,59 0,85 7,73 0,38 12,00 1,23
E2 20,59 0,56 7,61 0,28 11,96 1,61
– – – – – –
Average 21,01 – 5,59 – 10,50 –

Table A.2 — Precision, notched impact strength

Notched impact strength in kilojoule per square metre (kJ/m2)
Material Average sr sR r R
ABS 21,01 0,35 0,89 0,99 2,49
PBT 5,59 0,20 1,38 0,55 3,86
PBT GF30 10,50 0,15 1,14 0,42 3,19

sr = standard deviation within laboratory

sR = standard deviation between laboratories
r = 95 % repeatability limit = 2,8 sr
R = 95 % reproducibility limit = 2,8 sR $
 BS EN ISO 180:2000+A2:2013
ISO 180:2000+A2:2013 (E)

# Bibliography

[1] ASTM E691-11, Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the
Precision of a Test Method $
BS EN ISO 180:2000+A2:2013
ISO 180:2000+A2:2013 (E)

Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications with their corresponding

European publications

This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from

other publications. These normativereferences are cited at the appropriate places in the
text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent
amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated
references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including
amendments).

NOTE Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by
(mod.), the relevant EN/HD applies.

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

ISO 291 1997 Plastics - Standard atmospheres for EN ISO 291 1997
conditioning and testing

ISO 294-1 1996 Plastics - Injection moulding of test EN ISO 294-1 1998
specimens of thermoplastic
materials - Part 1: General
principles, and moulding of
multipurpose and bar test
specimens

ISO 295 1991 Plastics - Compression moulding of EN ISO 295 1998

test specimens of thermosetting
materials

ISO 2818 1994 Plastics - Preparation of test EN ISO 2818 1998

specimens by machining

ISO 3167 1993 Plastics - Multipurpose-test EN ISO 3167 1996

specimens
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