20/11/2012
MANAJEMEN PROYEK
VS
MANAJEMEN KONSTRUKSI
Oleh:
Dr. Ir. Syahril, MT.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT &
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
Each project is unique and needs to be evaluated
as to which method will be the best fit for the
Owner.
The choices regarding construction are
becoming more and more varied. Not so many
years ago, an Owner's decisions were limited to
choosing a designer, a contractor, and a
manufacturer.
There are, however, two main options which are
prevalent in the industry, Project Management
and Construction Management.
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PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Project Management is the conventional method
of construction administration.
The Owner has direct contracts with both the
Consultant and the Contractor.
The Owner is able to retain direct control over
all aspects and the quality of the project.
This process allows the Owner more flexibility
in decision-making.
The Owner ultimately makes the final decisions.
In addition, the Owner may realize the benefit
of competitive bidding.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
CONSULTANT OWNER CONTRACTOR
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KEUNTUNGAN & KERUGIAN
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Keuntungan:
Owner retains control over all aspects/quality
of the project
Owner maintains flexibility in decisionmaking
Owner makes final decision
Owner realizes benefits of competitive bidding
Kerugian:
Owner can become overwhelmed with the
minute details of the project
Owner's accounts payable has to deal with
multiple companies
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
Construction Management is a progressive, more
"convenient" method of construction project
administration.
The Owner has only one direct contract, with
the Construction Manager.
The Contractor becomes a subcontractor to the
Construction Manager (Consultant).
The Owner is not bothered by having to make
every decision and may realize a time reduction
in the completion of the job.
Finally, the Owner's accounts payable
department only has to deal with one company.
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CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
OWNER
CONSTRUCTION MANAGER
CONTRACTOR
KEUNTUNGAN & KERUGIAN
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
Keuntungan:
Owner not bothered with having to make every decision
Owner's accounts payable deals with only one company
Owner could realize time reduction in completion of job
Increased quality control responsibility with the
Consultant
Kerugian:
Owner loses a level of interface with all companies except
Construction Manager
Owner could invest more money than with conventional
process (benefit and need weighted per project)
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PERSAMAAN
PROJECT MANAGEMENT &
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
Both involve the same three parties: the Owner, the
Consultant, and the Contractor.
The Consultant represents the Owner under both
contracts.
All communication between the Owner and the
Contractor flows through the Consultant.
The Contractor, along with any subcontractors, still
performs all of the construction work.
The Consultant will still be responsible for
developing and interpreting the Construction
Documents, observing the work, performing
inspections, and reviewing submittals.
PERBEDAAN
PROJECT MANAGEMENT &
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
In Project Management, the Consultant and the
Contractor have no formal contract between them.
They do have a third party relationship which
stipulates how they are to work together.
They rely on each other to perform certain duties
which affect each other's work, but their contracts
are only with the Owner.
In Construction Management, the Contractor has a
direct contract with the Consultant and does not
have any direct agreement with the Owner.
The Contractor now has a third party relationship
with the Owner and is paid by the Consultant, not
directly by the Owner.
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PERBEDAAN
PROJECT MANAGEMENT &
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
Under a Project Management agreement, the Owner
selects the Contractor. The Owner can use
competitive bidding or negotiate a price with a
specific Contractor. This, however, is the Owner's
decision to make. The Consultant can advise, but has
no direct responsibility for this decision.
Under a Construction Management agreement, the
Consultant has greater responsibility for selecting
the Contractor. The Consultant and Owner make the
decision about competitive bidding or negotiating a
price once the project budget has been established.
The Owner may not realize the most competitive
price with this process. The Owner has delegated
that responsibility to the Consultant under the
framework of the Contract Budget.
PERBEDAAN
PROJECT MANAGEMENT &
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
Under Project Management, the Consultant has
liability only for the design. The Contractor has
liability for the actual work and its
conformance to the Construction Documents.
Under this agreement, for any decision which
the Owner makes without the Consultant's
approval, the Owner assumes responsibility and
liability.
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PERBEDAAN
PROJECT MANAGEMENT &
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
Under Construction Management, the Consultant
assumes responsibility for the design and also for the
work. If an issue were to arise, the Owner only has
one entity with whom to deal. The Consultant is
responsible to the Owner for any part of their
Contract which is not met. The Contractor is
responsible to the Consultant for their work.
The final liability will be shared by the Consultant
and the Contractor if the Contractor fails to
perform. The Owner's direct liability under this
management system is less than under Project
Management.
KESIMPULAN
Both Project Management and Construction
Management have advantages and disadvantages
associated with them.
Each project is unique and needs to be evaluated
as to which method will be the best fit for the
Owner to achieve company objectives and
realize the greatest return on investment.
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