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Constitutional Design Class 9 Extra

Questions Civics Chapter 3
Constitutional Design Class 9 Extra
Questions Social Science Civics Chapter 3
Extra Questions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 3 Constitutional
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Answer Type Questions
TOP Universities in India
Question 1.
The o.cial policy of racial separation of ill treatment of blacks followed by the government TOP Engineering Colleges in India
of South Africa was called _______ .
TOP Pharmacy Colleges in India
Answer:
Apartheid Coding for Kids

Math Riddles for Kids with Answers

Question 2.
An assembly of people’s representatives that writes a constitution for a country is _______ . General Knowledge for Kids
Answer:
General Knowledge
Constituent assembly
Scholarships for Students
Question 3.
NSP - National Scholarip Portal
What do you know about ‘The Long Walk to Freedom’?
Answer: Class 12 Maths NCERT Solutions
It is an autobiography of Nelson Mandela.
Class 11 Maths NCERT Solutions

Question 4. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths

An introductory statement in a constitution which states the reasons and guiding values of
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths
the constitution is _______ .
Answer: NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths
Preamble
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths

Question 5. NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths

When did South Africa become a democratic country?
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science
Answer:
26 April, 1994 NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science

Question 6.
Leaders of the freedom movement were clear that their country should be _______ . NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science
Answer:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science
Democratic
NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics
Question 7.
NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chemistry
One of the guiding values of the constitution is sovereignty which means _______ .
Answer: NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics
People have the supreme right to make decisions
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry

Question 8.
‘Republic’ in consent to our constitution means _______ .
Answer: Search the site ...

Head of the state is an elected person

Question 9. NCERT Solutions for Class 10

All of us should behave as if we are members of the same family. No one should treat a Science Chapter 1
fellow citizen as inferior. This deZnes a word given in Preamble of our Constitution which
NCERT Solutions for Class 10
is _______ .
Science Chapter 2
Answer:
Fraternity Metals and Nonmetals Class 10

carbon and its compounds class 10

Question 10.
The famous speech given by Pt. Nehru on the eve of Independence Day is known as Periodic ClassiQcation of Elements Class
_______ . 10
Answer:
Life Process Class 10
Tryst with Destiny
NCERT Solutions for Class 10
Question 11. Science Chapter 7
In 1928, who along with eight other congress leaders?
NCERT Solutions for Class 10
Answer:
Science Chapter 8
Motilal Nehru
NCERT Solutions for Class 10
Question 12. Science Chapter 9
The Assembly adopted the Constitution on 26 November 1949 but it came into effect on
NCERT Solutions for Class 10
26 January _______ .
Science Chapter 10
Answer:
1950 NCERT Solutions for Class 10
Science Chapter 11
Question 13.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10
Who was the Chairmen of the drafting committee of Indian Constitution, social
Science Chapter 12
revolutionary, thinker and agitator against caste divisions?
Answer: NCERT Solutions for Class 10
Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar Science Chapter 13

NCERT Solutions for Class 10

Question 14.
Science Chapter 14
In Indian Constitution, the Secular means _______ .
Answer: NCERT Solutions for Class 10
Citizens have complete freedom to follow any religion Science Chapter 15

NCERT Solutions for Class 10

Question 15.
Science Chapter 16
There are no unreasonable restrictions on the citizens in India, in what way they think, how
they wish to express their thoughts. This means they enjoy _______ .
Answer:
Liberty

Question 16.
What was apartheid?
Answer:
Racial discrimination

Question 17.
What is the full form of ANC?
Answer:
The African National Congress

Question 18.
Where did Nelson Mandela spend his prison term?
Answer:
Nelson Mandela spent 28 years in South Africa’s most dreaded prison, Robben Island.

Question 19.
Who was the Zrst president of the newly born democracy in South Africa?
Answer:
Nelson Mandela

Question 20.
Name the umbrella organisation that led the struggle against the policies , of segregation
in South Africa.
Answer:
The African National Congress (ANC) was the umbrella organisation that led the struggle
against the policies of segregation in South Africa.

Question 21.
What determines the rights of citizens and the powers of the government?
Answer:
As the supreme law of the country, the Constitution determines the rights of citizens, the
powers of the government and how the government should function.

Question 22.
Who played a key role in the making of the Indian Constitution?
Answer:
Dr. B.R. Amdedkar played a key role in the making of the Indian Constitution.

Question 23.
When did the process of the Making of the Indian Constitution begin?
Answer:
In 1928, Motilal Nehru and eight other Congress leaders drafted a constitution for India
which marked the beginning of this process.

Question 24.
Who was Rajendra Prasad?
Answer:
Rajendra Prasad was bom in Bihar. He was the President of the Constituent Assembly. He
was also the Zrst President of India.

Question 25.
What does the phrase ‘Service of India’ mean?
Answer:
The phrase ‘Service of India’ means the service of the millions who suffer. It means the
ending of poverty and ignorance and disease and inequality of opportunity.

Question 26.
What is meant by ‘Constituent Assembly Debates’?
Answer:
The members deliberated for 114 days spread over three years. Every document
presented and every word spoken in the Constituent Assembly has been recorded and
preserved. These are called ‘Constituent Assembly Debates’.

Question 27.
What do you understand by the term ‘the Preamble to the Constitution’?
Answer:
The Constitution begins with a short statement of its basic values. This is called the
Preamble to the Constitution.

Question 28.
What do you mean by the term ‘sovereign’?
Answer:
It means people have supreme right to make decisions on internal as well as external
matters. No external power can dictate the government of India.

Question 29.
What do you mean by the term ‘secular’?
Answer:
It means citizens have complete freedom to follow any religion, but there is no o.cial
religion. Government treats all religious beliefs and practices with equal respect.

Question 30.
Why is the Preamble called the soul of the Indian Constitution?
Answer:
Because it contains the philosophy on which the entire constitution has been built. It
provides a standard to examine and evaluate any law and action of government, to Znd
out whether it is good or bad. It is the soul of the Indian Constitution.

Question 31.
What is the signiZcance of the phrase ‘We the people of India’ in the Preamble?
Answer:
The preamble is an introductory part of the Constitution. It is called the key of the
Constitution. “We the people of India” means the Constitution has been drawn up and
enacted by the people through their representatives, and not handed down to them by a
king or any outside powers.

Constitutional Design Class 9 Extra Questions Short

Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What is meant by apartheid? How was it oppressive for the blacks?
Answer:
Apartheid was the name of a system of racial discrimination unique to South Africa. The
white Europeans imposed this system on South Africa. The system of apartheid divided
the people and labelled them according to their skin colour.

Many ‘whites’ had settled in South Africa and became the local rulers. The system of
public toilets, were all separate for the whites and blacks. This, was called segregation.
They could not even visit the churches where the whites worshipped. Blacks could not
form associations or protest the terrible treatment.

Question 2.
What do you mean by ‘Constitution’?
Answer:
The constitution of a country is a set of written rules that are accepted by all people living
together in a country. Constitution is the supreme law that determines the relationship
among people living in a territory (called citizens) and also the relationship between the
people and government.

Question 3.
What were the steps involved in the framing of the Indian Constitution?
Answer:
The drafting of the document called the constitution was done by an assembly of elected
representatives called the Constituent Assembly. Elections to the Constituent Assembly
were held in July 1946. Its Zrst meeting was held in December 1946. Soon after, the
country was divided into India and Pakistan. The Constituent Assembly was also divided
into the Constituent Assembly of India and that of Pakistan. The Constituent Assembly
that wrote the Indian Constitution had 299 members. The Assembly adopted the
Constitution on 26 November, 1949 and it came into force on 26 January, 1950.

Question 4.
What are the four main ideals enshrined in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution?
Answer:
The ideals written in the Preamble of the Constitution are as under :

Justice: Every citizen of India will have social, economic and political justice.
Liberty: Every citizen will have the liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and
worship.
Equality: Every citizen will be provided with the equality of status and opportunity.
fraternity: All the citizens of India have been assured about the dignity of individual
and the unity and integrity of the nation.

Question 5.
How did the Constituent Assembly work to prepare the Constitution for India?
Answer:
The Constituent Assembly worked in a systematic, open and consensual manner. First,
some basic principles were decided and agreed upon. Then, a Drafting Committee chaired
by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar prepared a draft constitution for discussion. Several rounds of
thorough discussion took place, clause by clause. More than 2000 amendments were
considered. The members deliberated for 114 days spread over 3 years. Every document
presented and every word spoken in the Constituent Assembly was recorded and
preserved. These are called ‘Constituent Assembly Debates’.

Question 6.
What are constitutional amendments?
Answer:
A constitution is not merely a statement of values and philosophy. A constitution is mainly
about embodying these values into institutional arrangements. Indian Constitution is a
very long and detailed document. Therefore, it needs to be amended quite regularly to
keep it updated. Those who crafted the Indian Constitution felt that it must be in
accordance with people’s aspirations and changes in society. They did not see it as a
sacred, static and unalterable law. So, they made provisions to incorporate changes from
time to time. These changes are called constitutional amendments.

Question 7.
On what terms did the blacks agreed upon while making a Constitution for South Africa?
Answer:
After two years of discussion and debate, they came out with one of the Znest
constitutions the world has ever had. This constitution gave to its citizens the most
extensive rights available in any country. Together, they decided that in the search for a
solution to the problems, nobody should be excluded, no one should be treated as a
demon. They agreed that everybody should become part of the solution, whatever they
might have done or represented in the past.

Question 8.
What was the reaction of the government towards the protest movement against the
apartheid in South Africa?
Answer:
In South Africa, the white racist government continued to rule by detaining, torturing and
killing thousands of black and coloured people. As protests and struggles against
apartheid had increased, the government realised that they could no longer keep the
blacks under their rule through repression. The white regime changed its policies.
Discriminatory laws were repealed. Ban on political parties and restrictions on the media
were lifted. After 28 years of imprisonment, Nelson Mandela walked out of the jail as a free
man.

Question 9.
Why did the South African people need a Constitution?
Answer:
The people of South Africa, need a constitution because :

The oppressor and the oppressed in this new democracy were planning to live
together as equals. It was not going to be easy for them to trust each other. They
had their fears.
They wanted to safeguard their interests. The black majority was keen to ensure that
the democratic principle of majority rule was not compromised.
They wanted substantial social and economic rights.

Question 10.
What was the philosophy behind the Constitution?
Answer:

The values that inspired and guided the freedom struggle and were, in turn, nurtured
by it, formed the foundation for India’s democracy. These values are embedded in
the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.
They guide all the articles of the Indian Constitution. The Constitution begins with a
short statement of its basic values. This is called the Preamble to the constitution.
Taking inspiration from American model, most countries in the contemporary world
have chosen to begin their constitutions with a preamble.

Question 11.
What compromises did the blacks and white make?
Answer:
It was not an easy task for the two divergent people of South Africa—the White oppressors
and the Black Oppressed one—to draw up a common Constitution for the country when it
became free in 1994. After long negotiations both parties agreed to a compromises.

The whites agreed to the principle of majority rule that of one person one vote.
They also agreed to some basic rights for the poor and the workers.
The blacks agreed that majority rule would not be absolute.
They also agreed that the majority would not take away the property of the white
minority. (Any three)

Question 12.
What was the composition of the Constituent Assembly?
Answer:
The Constituent Assembly was elected mainly by the members of the existing Provincial
Legislatures. This ensured a fair geographical share of members from all the regions of
the country. The Assembly was dominated by the Indian National Congress, the party that
led India’s freedom struggle. But, the Congress itself included a variety of political groups
and opinions. The Assembly had many members who did not agree with the Congress. In
social terms too, the Assembly represented members from different language groups,
castes, classes, religions and occupations.

Question 13.
What did Ambedkar mean by ‘contradictions’ in his concluding speech to the Constituent
Assembly? 4]Q8I
Answer:
Dr. Ambedkar, who played a key role in the making of the Constitution, but he had a
different understanding of how inequalities could be removed. In his concluding speech to
the Constituent Assembly, Dr. Ambedkar said that India was entering a life of
‘contradictions’ on 26th January, 1950. According to him in politics, Indians would have
equality but in social and economic life, there would be inequality. The politics should be
based on the principle of one man one vote and one vote one value. In social and
economic life, by reason of social and economic structure one must continue to deny the
principle of one man one value.

Question 14.
What are the various functions of a Constitution?
Answer:
A Constitution performs several functions such as :

It generates a degree of trust and coordination that is necessary for different kind of
people to live together.
It speciZes how the government will be constituted, and who will have power of
taking which decisions.
It lays down limits on the powers of the government and tells us what the rights of
the citizens are.
It expresses the aspirations of the people about creating a good society. (Any three)

Question 15.
How does the Indian Constitution describes the institutional arrangements?
Answer:
The Constitution describes the institutional arrangements in a very legal language.

The Indian Constitution lays down a procedure for choosing persons to govern the
country.
It deZnes who will have how much power to take which decisions.
It puts limits to what the government can do by providing some rights to the citizen
that cannot be violated.

Constitutional Design Class 9 Extra Questions Long

Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Why was the making of the Indian Constitution not an easy affair?
Answer:
Like South Africa, India’s Constitution was also drawn up under very di.cult
circumstances.

The making of the constitution for a huge and diverse country like India was not an
easy affair. At that time the people of India were emerging from the status of
subjects to that of citizens. The country was born through a partition on the basis of
religious differences.
This was a traumatic experience for the people of India and Pakistan. Atleast ten
lakh people were killed on both sides of the border in partition related violence.
The British had left it to the rulers of the princely states to decide whether they
wanted to merge with India or with Pakistan or remain independent.
The merger of these princely states was a di.cult and uncertain task. When the
Constitution was being written, the future of the country did not look as secure as it
does today.
The makers of the Constitution had anxieties about the present and the future of the
country.

Question 2.
Why should we accept the Constitution made by the Assembly more than Zfty years ago?
Answer:
The Constitution does not reiect the views of its members alone. It expresses a broad
consensus of its time. Many countries of the world have had to rewrite their Constitution
afresh because the basic rules were not accepted to all major social groups or political
parties.

Over the last half a century, several groups have questioned some provisions of the
Constitution. But no large social group or political party has ever questioned the legitimacy
of the Constitution itself. This is an unusual achievement for any constitution. The second
reason for accepting the Constitution is that the Constituent Assembly represented the
people of India. There was no universal adult franchise at that time. So, the Constituent
Assembly could not have been chosen directly by all the people of India.

The way in which the Constituent Assembly worked gives sanctity to the Constitution. The
Constituent Assembly worked in a systematic, open and consensual manner. First some
basic principles were decided and agreed upon. Then a Drafting Committee chaired by Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar prepared a draft constitution for discussion. Several rounds of thorough
discussion took place on the Draft Constitution, clause by clause. More than two thousand
amendments were considered.

Every document presented, and every word spoken in the Constituent Assembly has been
recorded and preserved. These are called ‘Constituent Assembly Debates’. These debates
provide the rationale behind every provision of the Constitution. These are used to
interpret the meaning of the Constitution.

Question 3.
Explain the different key words used in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.
Answer:
Several key words have been used in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution :

(i) WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA: The constitution has been drawn up and enacted by the
people through their representatives, and not handed down to them by a king or any
outside powers.

(ii) SOVEREIGN: People have supreme right to make decisions on internal as well as
external matters. No external power can dictate the government of India.

(iii) SOCIALIST: Wealth is generated socially and should be shared equally by society.
Government should regulate the ownership of land and industry to reduce socio-economic
inequalities.

(iv) SECULAR: Citizens have complete freedom to follow any religion. But there is no
o.cial religion. Government treats all religious beliefs and practices with equal respect.

(v) DEMOCRATIC: A form of government where people enjoy equal political rights, elect
their rulers and hold them accountable. The government is run according to some basic
rules.

(vi) REPUBLIC: The head of the stats is an elected person and not a hereditary . position.

(vii) JUSTICE: Citizens cannot be discriminated on the grounds of caste, religion and
gender. Social inequalities must be reduced. Government should work for the welfare of
all, especially of the disadvantaged groups.

(viii) LIBERTY: There are no unreasonable restrictions on the citizens in what they think,
how they wish to express their thoughts and the way they wish to follow up their thoughts
in action.

(ix) EQUALITY: All are equal before the law. The traditional social inequalities must be
ended. The government should ensure equal opportunity for all.

(x) FRATERNITY: All of us should behave as if we are members of the same family. No one
should treat a fellow citizen as inferior.

Question 4.
“The South African Constitution inspires democrats all over the world” Comment.
Answer:
The South African constitution inspires democrats all over the world in the following ways.

A state denounced by the entire world till recently as the most undemocratic one is
now seen as a model of democracy.
What made this change possible was the determination of the South African people
to work together, to transform bitter experience into the binding glue of a rainbow
nation.
The people of South Africa have of agreed that everybody should become a part of
the solution, whatever they might have done or represented in the past.
It is also a charter for the transformation of our country into one which is truly
shared by all its people. It is a country in which the fullest sense belongs to all blacks
and whites, women and men.”
The Preamble to the South African Constitution sums up the spirit.

Constitutional Design Class 9 NCERT Extra Questions

Question 1.
Write a short note on Nelson Mandela.
Solution:
Nelson Mandela fought against white domination in South Africa. He cherished the ideal
of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with
equal opportunities.

The South African government tried him for treason and imprisoned him for daring to
oppose the apartheid regime in his country. Mandela spent 28 years in South Africa’s most
dreaded prison, Robben Island.

After 28 years of imprisonment, Nelson Mandela was released. On 26th April 1994, the
new national iag of the Republic of South Africa was unfurled marking the newly born
democracy in the world. Nelson Mandela was made the Zrst President of this new
democracy.

Question 2.
What is a Constitution?
Solution:
Unlike a monarchy, in a democracy the rulers are not free to do what they like. Certain
basic rules have to be followed by the citizens and the government. These rules put
together are called the Constitution. As the supreme law of the country, the constitution
determines the rights of citizens, the powers of the government and how the government
should function.

Question 3.
What was basis of the apartheid regime in South Africa?
Solution:
The apartheid regime differentiated people on the basis of their skin colour. The native
people of South Africa who were black skinned were called ‘blacks’. They made up about
three fourth of the population. People of mixed races who were called ‘coloured’. The
White Europeans were called ‘Whites’. The white rulers treated all non whites as inferior.

Question 4.
How were the non whites discriminated?
Solution:
The non whites did not have any voting rights. The apartheid regime was particularly
oppressive for the ‘blacks’ and the ‘coloured’. They were forbidden from living in white
areas. They could work in white areas only if they had a permit.

There were separate trains, buses, taxis, hotels, hospitals, schools and colleges, libraries,
cinema halls, theatres, beaches, swimming pools and public toilets, for the whites and
blacks. The blacks were not allowed into the Churches frequented by the whites. There
were not allowed to form any association to represent their problems. This system of
racial discrimination, unique to South Africa, was called Apartheid.

Question 5.
Which was the Zrst organisation that led the Zrst against Apartheid?
Solution:
The African National Congress (ANC) was the Zrst organisation that led the struggle
against Apartheid.

Question 6.
Why is South Africa called a ‘rainbow nation’ today?
Solution:
There is no social or any discrimination based on skin colour in free south Africa, today.
Blacks, whites and coloured people, men and women, live as free citizens, in total
harmony. This is why they call South Africa a ‘rainbow nation’.

Question 7.
What was the situation at the time India achieved independence?
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At that time of independence, the people of India were emerging from the status of