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2.UIPL-6584-SP3D-DC-002 - User Training Manual-Grids and Structural Task

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2.UIPL-6584-SP3D-DC-002 - User Training Manual-Grids and Structural Task

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Table of Contents
1 PREFACE ......................................................................................................................................... 5
2 SIGN CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS MANUAL........................................................................................ 5
3 WHAT AM I BUILDING? ...................................................................................................................... 6
4 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS .................................................................................................................. 7
5 GETTING STARTED............................................................................................................................ 7
6 DEFINING WORKSPACE ..................................................................................................................... 8
7 WORKING IN “WORKSPACE” .............................................................................................................13

7.1 Options General.......................................................................................................................14

7.2 Options Colors.........................................................................................................................15

7.3 Options Units of measure..........................................................................................................16

7.4 Options SmartSketch................................................................................................................17

8 PLANT BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE 6PBS7 .............................................................................................18
9 TASKS............................................................................................................................................22
10 GENERATING GRIDS 6GRIDS TASK7.....................................................................................................24
11 MODELLING SUPERSTRUCTURE GENERAL INFORMATION.................................................................37
12 MODELLING SUPERSTRUCTURE COLUMNS 6FIRST FLOOR7 ...............................................................42

12.1 Copying members Method 1......................................................................................................51

12.2 Copying members Method 2......................................................................................................61

12.3 Renaming members .....................................................................................................................66

13 MODELLING SUPERSTRUCTURE BEAMS 6FIRST FLOOR7 ...................................................................69

13.1 Placing Main Grid beams ...............................................................................................................69

13.2 Placing Secondary beams .............................................................................................................89

13.2.1 Placing Secondary beams Number & Spacing option ............................................................90
13.2.2 Placing Secondary beams By count option...........................................................................94
13.2.3 Placing Secondary beams Equal Spacing option ...................................................................95
13.2.4 Placing Secondary beams Best Fit option ............................................................................95
14 MODELLING SUPERSTRUCTURE CONNECTIONS ..............................................................................97
15 MODELLING SUPERSTRUCTURE PLAN BRACINGS..........................................................................101

15.1 Placing tertiary beams ................................................................................................................101

15.2 Placing plan bracings..................................................................................................................106

15.3 Plan bracings Connections ......................................................................................................108

16 MODELLING SUPERSTRUCTURE GRATING ....................................................................................114

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16.2 Placing Grating Method 2 ........................................................................................................119

16.3 Placing Slab ..............................................................................................................................123

17 ADDING ELEVATION PLANE 6GRIDS TASK7 ........................................................................................125
18 MODELLING SUPERSTRUCTURE SECOND FLOOR ..........................................................................128

18.1 Placing new columns ..................................................................................................................128

18.2 Placing new beams ....................................................................................................................128

19 MODELLING SUPERSTRUCTURE OTHER FLOORS...........................................................................130
20 MODELLING SUPERSTRUCTURE VERTICAL BRACING ......................................................................132

20.1 Cross/ X type elevation bracing ....................................................................................................132

20.2 A / V type – Chevron bracing........................................................................................................135

20.3 Modelling Connection to vertical bracing........................................................................................137

21 MODELLING STAIRCASE BLOCK ......................................................................................................140

21.1 Addition of Grid and Elevation Plane 6Task Grid7 ...........................................................................140

21.2 Modelling Members ....................................................................................................................143

21.3 Placing Staircase........................................................................................................................144

22 PLACING LADDER ..........................................................................................................................157
23 MODELLING HANDRAIL ..................................................................................................................163

23.1 Creating Gap in Handrail .............................................................................................................170

24 MODELLING CLADDING RUNNER......................................................................................................177
25 MODELLING CLADDING ..................................................................................................................192

25.1 Method-1 : 2D sketch .................................................................................................................192

25.2 Changing Properties of cladding...................................................................................................200

25.3 Method-2 : 3D sketch .................................................................................................................203

25.4 Toggle Cladding Corner...............................................................................................................207

26 MODELLING CUT-OUT IN SLAB/GRATING/CLADDING ..........................................................................209

26.1 Method-1 – By Reference ............................................................................................................212

26.2 Method-2- By Boundary ..............................................................................................................216

27 MODELLING FOUNDATION ..............................................................................................................219

27.1 Isolated footing ..........................................................................................................................219

27.1.1 Placing footing by member ..................................................................................................220
27.1.2 Changing Properties of Pedestal Component ..........................................................................229
27.1.3 Changing Properties of Footing Slab Component.....................................................................233
27.1.4 Changing properties for Grout Component .............................................................................237
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27.1.5 Placing footing by point .......................................................................................................243

27.2 Isolated Footing 6modelling pedestal and footing separately7 ............................................................252

27.2.1 Modelling pedestal..............................................................................................................252
27.2.2 Modelling Footing Slab ........................................................................................................260

27.3 Combined Footing ......................................................................................................................266

27.4 Modelling Pile and Pile Cap..........................................................................................................266

27.4.1 Modelling Pile.....................................................................................................................266
27.4.2 Modelling Pile Cap ..............................................................................................................280

27.5 Modelling Raft/many piles-pile cap ...............................................................................................282

27.6 Modelling Irregular shape foundation/Pile-cap ................................................................................296

28 MODELLING TIE BEAM....................................................................................................................319
29 MODELLING TRENCH/PIT ................................................................................................................326
30 MODELLING PEDESTAL OF VERTICAL VESSEL/EQUIPMENT .................................................................343
31 MODELLING GRADE SLAB ...............................................................................................................348
32 MODELLING CURB WALL ................................................................................................................350
33 MODELLING-MISCELLANEOUS ........................................................................................................352

33.1 Inserting Control Point ................................................................................................................352

33.2 Troubleshooting.........................................................................................................................355

33.3 Saving Views .............................................................................................................................356

33.4 To Do List .................................................................................................................................356

34 TRAINING OUTPUT.........................................................................................................................358

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1 Preface

This manual will guide SP3D user through modelling various Civil & Structural
components in SP3D.

Software versions used:- SP3D - 2009.1

Following these step-by-step exercises, user will create & build a simple structural
model. The project is executed from start to finish i.e. from input to generation of
construction drawings. CU1210 from EPPC project is used as an example in this guide
& is adopted/ modified slightly to accommodate all Civil & Structural components.
While working along with this manual, user will learn how to

• Model various types of foundations

• Model beams, columns, bracings etc.
• Copy-paste & Move Components
• Model Connections
• Place slabs, gratings, Cladding
• Model Cut-outs
• Model irregular sized foundations
• Model Grade slab, trenches, pits.
• And much more!

2 Sign Conventions used in this manual

Tips are shown as

Alerts are shown at places where you can go wrong

After completing modeling as per instructions given in this manual, user will be able
to work in SP3D environment efficiently.

Best Of Luck !

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3 What am I building?

These are snapshots of

existing model from EPPC
project. We will be
modelling this structure,
albeit, after adopting it to
our requirements.

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4 Reference Documents

Sr. Document No. Description

No.
1 6516-02-UIPL-COM-001 Plant Break Down Structure-Concept SP3D-
Phase 4
2 6516-02-UIPL-COM-002 Naming Rule-Concept SP3D – Phase 4
3 6516-04-UIPL-001 Concept note for Standard Layers
4 UIPL-6584-SP3D-FT-007 Civil Drawing Generation- SP3D
5 UIPL-6584-SP3D-008 User Instruction Manual
6 UIPL-6584-SP3D-DC-007 SP3D Training Manual - Drawing & Reports Task

5 Getting Started

First step to open SP3D is to set database for model. So set working database from
“Manage database and Schema Location” tool. This tool is located in All Programmes
Intergraph SmartPlant 3D Database Tools Manage database and Schema Location.

Figure 5.1 Manage database and Schema Location

Database location information is to be taken from Administrator. Following is the snapshot

from database used for current training project. Refer Figure 5.2

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Figure 5.2 Setting Database & Schema Location

6 Defining Workspace

Once database & schema locations are set, we will define Workspace. Workspace is a
working environment in SP3D.

1. Start SmartPlant 3D. We will first define measurement units for workspace and then we
will define woekspace. So, select Empty, English Units or Metric units as applicable for
your project. For this training project, we will be using Metric Units. So select Metric
Units & Press OK. See Figure 6.1

Figure 6.1 Selecting Units

2. To define workspace, we have to define filter. Right now, we will create a basic filter. We
will study more about filters in upcoming chapters covered during this training.

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3. Go to File Define Workspace Select Plant as UHDE _Training.

From Filter dropdown menu, select more. A filter dialogue box will open up. 6Figure
6.2,Figure 6.37

Figure 6.2

Figure 6.3

4. Select My Filters folder. Refer Figure 6.4

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Figure 6.4

5. Click on Create filter Dialogue Box. Refer Figure 6.5

Figure 6.5

Set Filter properties. Since we will be working only on civil part, only select Civil PBS
from filter properties dialogue box. 6Refer Figure 6.67
Name the filter “CIVIL-1210”. Press OK to exit the dialogue. A filter named “CIVIL-
1210” will be created under my filters. Refer Figure 6.7

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Figure 6.6

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Figure 6.7

User other than administrator will have access only to My Filters

section for editing.Filters created under My Filters are user specific
and will be available only to the user who has created them. Even if
same user logs in from other workstation, filters created by that user
will still be available under My Filters for specific project.

Click OK on Define workspace dialogue box to define workspace. 6Refer Figure 6.8 7

Figure 6.8

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This will show only Civil PBS in workspace explorer.Refer Figure 6.9

Figure 6.9 Civil PBS after Defining Filter

7 Working in “Workspace”

Now, as we have defined workspace, let us customize this workspace to suit our needs.
Following options are found to be of better use by the author and user is free to customize
workspace as per his/her needs.

Go to Tools Options. This will open “Options” dialogue box. Refer Figure 7.1

Figure 7.1 Options

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7.1 Options General

Make sure that “Make Undo available” option is checked. Also set number of undo
actions to some suitable number, say 20. Let other options be default 6Figure 7.27 on
General tab.

Figure 7.2 Options > General

SP3D does not have a Redo option!!! So be careful about what

you undo or you may have to rework.

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7.2 Options Colors

Under Colors tab, we can set background color of our choice. Either keep it default or
change it to black. Let rest of the colours remain same. 6Refer Figure 7.37

Figure 7.3 Options > Colors

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7.3 Options Units of measure

You can change dimensions to suit your project requirements. Default distance units
are for meter. In current training project, we are going to use distances in millimeters.
So change units of measure to mm. Rest of the dimenstions remian same.

Figure 7.4 Options > Units of Measure

This is only with respect to input dimensions for modelling. It has no

effect whatsoever on output where we have to select output units
separately. This is explained separately in document UIPL-6584-SP3D-
DC-007.

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7.4 Options SmartSketch

Please make sure that following Smart Sketch options are selected. This will make
modelling task easier.

Figure 7.5 Options > SmartSketch

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8 Plant Breakdown Structure 9PBS:

Now, we are ready to start modeling. But before we model anyhting, let us go through our
PBS 6Plant Breakdown Structure7 & learn what to place where & use of naming rules. Please
make sure that these naming rules are followed strictly. This will help in locating source of
problems, if any.

A basic PBS will be generated by Administrator/ responsible person at the start of the
project & access will be given based on the discipline.

PBS 6Plant Breakdown Structure7 is used to categorize various plant components. Following
figures show a typical standard PBS as per Uhde standard. In addition to PBS, there are
name rules for each structural component. By using these name rules, uniformity is
maintained in naming the components.

For more information on PBS, refer 6516-02-UIPL-COM-001.

For more information on naming rules, refer 6516-02-UIPL-COM-002.

Following is a snapshot from default PBS. It shows that which components are to be placed
under what location.

This is generated at the start of the project by Administrator.

Names of PBS are self explanatory for user to understand.

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Figure 8.1 PBS-1

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Figure 8.2 PBS-2

PBS can be copy-pasted as required. Before proceeding further and starting

modelling, it is advisable to create blank copies of PBS, which will be available for
future use.

E.g. Select 1210-CONC-105000 Right Click Select nested copy Select

1210-Concrete Paste

Since, default PBS is generated through bulk upload; it does not contain default name
rules. 6Refer Figure 8.37

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So before start of the work, it is recommended that user should change name rule
from “User defined” to Appropriate name rule. Select structural component
Properties Name rule Change to Appropriate name rule. 6Refer Figure 8.47

Only limitation being, there are no naming rules for Doors & Windows,
cable tray supports as of now.

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Figure 8.3 Name Rule after Bulk Upload

Figure 8.4 Changing name rules

9 Tasks
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Activities in SP3D are divided in various “Tasks”. Tasks required for various Civil &
Structural activities are explained below.

Figure 9.1 Tasks used for Civil & Structural modelling

Task Use
Drawings & Reports To generate drawings & reports.
Grids To generate/ modify grids
Space management To create volumes for Drawing & Clash check
Structure To model all civil & structural entities.

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10 Generating Grids 9Grids Task:

Grids form the basic skeleton of any plant/ model. For theoretical details about grids &
elevation plane, please refer Working Instructions – UIPL-6584-SP3D-008.

1. To start generating grids, set working environment to “Grids” task. Tasks Grids 6Refer
Figure 10.1 7

Figure 10.1 Grids Task

Grids toolbar will be available on left side. Refer Figure 10.2

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Figure 10.2 Grids Toolbar

2. Click on Grid Wizard button. Grids wizard window will open up. 6Figure 10.37

Figure 10.3 Grid Wizard

3. Name of the coordinate system will be CS_1210.

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While creating coordinate system, always keep Axis of bearing as

“North Y ” & Bearing as “N 0.00 deg E”. Give appropriate name to the
coordinate system. Reference CS will be global CS for all local plant
coordinate systems. It is recommended to keep global coordinate
system to 0, 0, 0 . After these settings are complete, go to Next page.

4. To start with, we will add two elevation planes and vertical planes as shown in reference
drawings. 6If all elevations are known, all can be added at begining7

Figure 10.4 Create elevation planes

We will add two elevation planes, EL+100000 6Top of Grade7 & EL+106000 6Top of
concrete7. All other options are as marked in Figure 10.5.

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Figure 10.5 Elevation Plane Details

Grids will not be “Physically” generated until you press Finish button at
the end of the process. Therefore, if you press Cancel button at any
point of time before pressing Finish, you have to start all over again.

5. Click on Next to go next page where we will create vertical grid planes, vis. X & Y.
Enter data as shown. Details are explained on Figure 10.6.

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Figure 10.6 Creating Grid X-planes

For X & Y grids planes, name rule should be “Alphanumeric and Percent”.

Figure 10.7 Name Rule for Vertical Planes

If you have set axis of bearing as Y Figure 10.3 , then X plane will be
North-South plane & Y plane will be East-West plane.

6. Click next to go to Grid Y-plane dialogue box. Grid Y-planes are to be created in similar
way as Grid X-planes. Refer Figure 10.8 for details.

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Figure 10.8 Creating Grid Y-planes

If name rule for X & Y planes is set to Alphanumeric & Percent, then
by default, X plan names will be A,B,C,D…… & Y plane will
1,2,3,4……. These names can be edited from grids dialogue box
before hitting finish button. To edit names after Finish, go to
properties of the grids & change names.

7. Click next. Dialogue box for radial cylinder will open up. Since we are not using it now,
we will leave it as it is and click next.

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Figure 10.9 Create radial cylinder

8. Click next. Dialogue box for radial planes will open up. Since we are not using it, we will
leave it as it is and click next.

Figure 10.10 Create radial plane

9. Go

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on clicking next, until you get to finish button. Click finish and exit dialogue box.

Grid names are not displayed in

SP3D, unlike PDS & Tekla

This will create grids. Now click on zoom extents symbol. . Still grids will not
be visible. This is because, filter which we have used to define our workspace,
does not include grids. To include these grids in our workspace, again go to
define workspace dialogue box and modify filter CIVIL-1210, created earlier, to
add coordinate system to workspace.

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Figure 10.11 Modify Filter to Include Grids in Workspace

Refresh Zoom extents. Grids will now be visible. 6Refer Figure 10.127

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Figure 10.12

Grid layout is as shown below in Figure 10.13

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Figure 10.13 Grid Layout

10. Now the coordinate system which we have created is now located under 109 in PBS.
However, as per Uhde PBS rules, it has to be located under civil unit 1210 at following
path 1210 CIVIL 1210-Grids.
To change parent system, select CS_1210 Properties General Parent System
More … Go to 1210-Grids & select OK. Refer
Figure 10.14,
Figure 10.15,
Figure 10.16.

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Figure 10.14

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Figure 10.15

Figure 10.16

Now if you see workspace explorer, coordinate system is placed under 1210-Grids.
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Figure 10.17

If you now look at model view, you can see rulers along with grids.
These rulers are marked with small horizontal /vertical lines. These
lines represent planes. These can be useful while modelling slabs or
gratings. At other times, the rulers can be quite a nuisance. You can
turn on/off these rulers from View Rulers  Unselect rulers by
holding control key.

So, now we are all set to start modelling in SP3D.

11 Modelling Superstructure General Information

Before you start modelling, set work environment to “structure task”. 6Tasks
Structure7. Structural modelling toolbar will come up on left side of your screen. Not all
tools available are used in Uhde environment. Refer Figure 11.1 for salient details of tools

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to be used in Uhde
environment.

Figure 11.1 Structure toolbar

Before starting modelling activity make sure, that permission group is

set to CIVIL.

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Every member is defined by 8 different major cardinal points and several minor cardinal
points irrespective of its shape. Following figures show basic types of members & their
cardinal point locations. Cardinal points are nothing but “hot points” of the member. For
our modelling activities we will concentrate on cardinal points 1 to 8.

Figure 11.2 Cardinal points of Channel 9C-Section:

Figure 11.3 Cardinal points of Circle

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Figure 11.4 Cardinal points of Single Angle

Figure 11.5 Cardinal points of Rectangle

Figure 11.6 Cardinal points of I-Section 9Rail Section:

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Figure 11.7 Cardinal points of T-Section

Figure 11.8 Cardinal points of Hollow Circular Section

Figure 11.9 Cardinal points of Hollow Square Section

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12 Modelling Superstructure Columns 9First floor:

Now we are all set to start modelling columns. We will start with modelling column on
grid A-1.

Remember that columns will be modelled from

floor to floor.

Size of concrete column is 600x600 mm. We will model this column from EL+100000
to EL+106000.

1. From structure toolbar, press “Place linear member system” button. A new toolbar
will open up at top. 6Refer Figure 12.1 7 Details of each & every option on the toolbar are
explained separately.

Figure 12.1

Figure 12.2

Keep all values in Figure 12.2 as it is.There is no need to change anything at the
moment.

Figure 12.3

Figure 12.3 will let you select System 6PBS7, Category of member & type of member.

Since this member is starting from EL+100000, we will place this column in
1210 Civil 1210-Concrete 1210-CONC-100000 1210-CONC-100000-Columns.

To do so, select dropdown from “System” More…. 6Refer Figure 12.4 7

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Figure 12.4

Travel to above-mentioned PBS 6Highlighted in Figure 12.57 & press OK.

Figure 12.5

Now let us set Category of member. Click on the dropdown menu. You will see
options of Beam, Column, Brace, Truss Element & Cable. Since we are modelling
columns, select Column as Category. 6Refer Figure 12.6 7

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Figure 12.6

Now select, “Type category” as Column, Type of member will automatically change to
Column. In this dropdown menu, you will get option of Column & Stub. We will only be
using Column option. Refer Figure 12.7

Figure 12.7

Figure 12.8 will let you select Section size, Cardinal point, angle & mirror option.

Figure 12.8

From section name dropdown menu select section member. Refer Figure 12.9

Figure 12.9

A select section window will open up. Go to Concrete_Shapes Select

Rect600x600 OK.

Rectangular shapes from 150x100mm to 1500x975 are available in

Uhde catalogue with 25mm incremental value in Width & Breadth of
the members. This also covers square sections.

Now we have to set cardinal point of the member. Since our column in centrally
placed, we should set cardinal point as 5. Refer Figure 11.5 &
Figure 12.10.

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Figure 12.10

Keep rest of the options untouched. We are not going to need them.
Completed dialogue box should look like Figure 12.11.

Figure 12.11 Place column > Completed dialogue box

2. Now go to workspace & go to the intersection of grid line A at EL+100000. Hover on grid
line until, it turns pink & select by clicking middle mouse button. Grid line selection
will thus be “locked”. Similarly lock grid line 1. Now if you move your cursor to
intersection of grids A & 1 at EL+100000, it will be highlighted with a yellow cursor.
Once you see this yellow cursor click on the intersection. This will be starting point of
the member. 9Figure 12.13:

Figure 12.12

Figure 12.13

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Following is the SmartSketch symbol of the intersection. Once you

see this along with yellow cursor, it is a sign that you have made
correct selection.

3. Similarly select the top point too from the elevation plane at EL+106000. It will look as
shown in Figure 12.14

Figure 12.14

As soon as you select bottom & top point, Finish button shown in Figure 12.2 will
become active. If everything is all right in entered data & selection, click Finish 6Refer
Figure 12.15 7

Column will be modelled 6Refer Figure 12.16 7. Right click to exit command.

Figure 12.15

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Figure 12.16

If you again select “Place Linear Member System”, then all properties
of previously modelled member are there.

Now since we have modelled the column, it is necessary to check whether it is

modelled correctly or not. Before we check, let us understand the concept of
relationships. Every SP3D component is in “relationship” with some entities. It can be
other member, grids, equipment, etc. So remember that every component is connected
with something. i.e. it is in relationship with something. As we go on modelling each
component, you will get to know which component has to be in “relationship” with
which component. Since we have modelled column here, remember that column is
in relationship with grids.

Advantages of modeling entities in relationship is, if one entity is chaged/modified,

other entities in relationship with them will get modified automatically.

To check if the relationship is correct or not follow following steps.

1. go to “Locate Filter”
6Figure 12.177 Set filter to “Member System” Select column.

If you have made correct model, then grids with which the column is connected,
should be highlighted in yellow color. See Figure 12.18

Figure 12.17 Locate Filter

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Figure 12.18 Column-Grid Relationship

2. If you are not seeing this, means that you have not modelled it correctly & its
relationships are not defined correctly. To redefine relationships correctly, go to Locate
filter Select Frame Connections Select the end of the column which is not having
correct relationship. A circle near the end of the column will be highlighted. 6Refer Figure
12.19 7.

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Figure 12.19 Column end connection

A relationship toolbar will open at the top 6 Figure 12.207

Figure 12.20

3. From the connection dropdown menu, select “By rule” 6Figure 12.21 7

Figure 12.21

Now column end which was supported will become “movable”. Select gridlines as
described earlier. Since we need relationship with grids in both directions, make sure
that both grids are highlighted in red color, before placing. 6Refer Figure 12.22 7

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Figure 12.22

Finished column with correct relationships will look like Figure 12.23

Figure 12.23

If you want to delete a relationship for whatsoever reason, Set Locate

Filter to Frame connections Select the connection which you want to
delete Press delete from your keyboard.

4. Now we will copy this column to multiple locations. There are two methods to copy
members to multiple locations. Both methods are useful in various scenarios.

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12.1 Copying members Method 1

Now we will copy modelled column on grids 1-B, C, D.

1. Set locate filter to “Member System” 6Figure 12.247

Figure 12.24

Before you copy, make sure that all relationships are correct.
Otherwise copying will give unexpected results which will not be
correct!!!!

2. Select the column which we have modelled earlier Right click Copy 6Figure 12.257.

Figure 12.25 Select & Copy Column

3. Now look at the bottom left hand corner of the SP3D window. You will see a message
asking for a reference point. 6 Figure 12.267

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Figure 12.26 Reference point for copying

Select top intersection point of grids. 6Figure 12.277.

Figure 12.27 Selecting reference point for copying

If you try to select bottom point as reference point, it becomes difficult

and SP3D lets you select member centre point. If you select member
centre point as reference point then it may be difficult to define
relationships while copying. So it is advisable to select top point of
columns as reference point.

4. Press Crtl+V to paste. A window will open up. 6Figure 12.28 7

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Figure 12.28 Paste Window

Once you select any of the “Optional” options, then a grid line will be highlighted. This
grid line still indicates relationship with existing column. We have to define new
relationship for copied column. To do that just click on the new grid line. We will see
this step by step for all four “Optional” options shown above.

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Figure 12.29 First option selection

5. Select “6Optional7 Object to constraining Line”. Grid line 1 will be highlighted. Since all
new columns to be copied are on this grid line, there is no need to change it 6Figure
12.297.
6. Now select next option.

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Figure 12.30 Second option selection

Grid line A will be highlighted. But we want to place column on Grid B. So Select Grid
B 6Figure 12.317.

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Figure
12.31 Selection changed to Grid B

This way, we have assigned grids to bottom end of the column.

7. Similarly change for top end of the column 6i.e. remaining two options7. 6Refer Figure
12.32 & Figure 12.337.

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Figure 12.32 Option 3 > Column top end changed to Grid B

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Figure 12.33 Option 4 Remains unchanged to Grid 1

8. Once this is done make sure that other options are as shown in Figure 12.34 .

Figure 12.34 Other copy options

Press OK to complete the copy. If everything is done correctly, screen should now
resemble as Figure 12.35.

9. After copying is complete, check the relationships and if there is any problem in the
relationships, please correct it as described earlier.

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Figure 12.35 Copy complete

10. Now select two columns and paste them on grid C & D. Completed copy should look
like as shown in Figure 12.36.

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F
igure 12.36 Column copy on Grid C & D

This concludes “Method 1” of copying columns.

Now we have done some work and it is time to save this work. All work you
do is immediately saved in database. Whatever settings we have done, in
the workspace, should be saved, so that when we open SP3D for next
session, it should have same setting. To do so, we will save a session file.
File Save as SessionFileName.ses. Save this session file at a suitable
location 6Figure 12.377.Next time when you want to start SP3D for this
project , set database and just double click session file.

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Figure 12.37 Saving session file

12.2 Copying members Method 2

In this method we will not give any reference or relationships. Copy of the members
generated will not have any relationships. Now a question will arise in your mind, if no
relationships are defined then why use this method? This method is useful if you do
not have any grid planes in place at new location e.g. you want to copy your members
somewhere in between two grids. Such situations might be rare. Or where we want to
define relationship manually.

In our case, we will copy our four columns to Grid 2.

1. We will follow similar steps. But first start Pin point tool 6Tools Pin point7. Pin point
toolbar will be visible 6Refer Figure 12.387.

Figure 12.38 Pin Point tool

2. Turn on relative tracking tool 6Figure 12.397.

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Figure 12.39 Relative tracking

3. Set Locate filter to “Member Systems”.

4. Select four existing columns. Right click Copy Define reference point 6Top of any one
of the column can be defined as reference point. We will define top intersection of grids
A-17.

Figure 12.40

5. Ctrl+V to paste. Paste window will come up 6Figure 12.417

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Figure 12.41

6. Now click on “Delete Optional” button. This will delete all relationships of copied
members.
Paste window will look like Figure 12.42 . Press OK to complete.

Do not click anywhere else yet. Let the columns remain selected.

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Figure 12.42

Columns are now copied at the same location as that of the existing columns. i.e.
existing & new columns are overlapping each other. So now we have to move these
new columns to their new position. We will do this with the help of pin point tool.

7. Select Move button from toolbar.

8. Select a reference point. Click anywhere on the screen!

9. Now go to pin point toolbar & set the “relative coordinates”.

We want to move these columns to Grid 2 , which is 6000 mm towards east from Grid
1. So set relative coordinates as shown in Figure 12.43. Do not forget to press “Lock”
button next to the coordinate.

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Figure 12.43

10. Click anywhere on screen with left mouse button of your mouse. Completed copy will
look as shown in Figure 12.44.

Figure 12.44

Please note that copied members do not have any relationships.

11. Now define relationships as we did earlier.

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12.3 Renaming members

Members generated above have some default names 6Figure 12.457.

Figure 12.45

These names should be changed as per naming rules. To do so

1. Set Locate Filter to Member Select all members Right click Properties
Member System tab Name rule UhDefaultNameRule 6 Figure 12.46 7

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Figure 12.46

Completed numbering will look like Figure 12.47.

Figure 12.47

2. Now Select columns on Grids 1 & 2 and copy them the Grids 3 & 4 by either of the
methods mentioned above. Completed copy should look like Figure 12.48.

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Figure 12.48

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13 Modelling Superstructure Beams 9First Floor:

13.1 Placing Main Grid beams

To start with we will model main Grid Beams @ EL+106000 6TOC7 first.

Let us first model beams on Grid 1. Size of beams is 500x1200mm. 6B X D7

1. Turn off pinpoint tool before starting modelling activity. We will not need it right now.
2. If you view the workspace, all columns are visible. Let us “hide” some of the columns for
time being to reduce “clutter” in the working space. This can be achieved by
“Clipping”. There are several ways to Clip. We will study about them in forthcoming
chapters. Right now, we will use “Clip by object” method. Our aim is to hide all the
columns, except the selected.
3. Select columns on Grid 1.

Fi
gure 13.1 Columns on Grid 1 Selected

4. Now press “Clip by Object” button on toolbar 6Figure 13.27. Only four columns on Grid 1
will be displayed 6Figure 13.37.

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Figure 13.2 Clip by object

Figu
re 13.3

5. Select “Place linear member” tool. Change values as shown in Figure 13.4.
Type category should be beam & Type should also be beam. Set System to 1210-
CONC-10600-Beams.

Cardinal point should be 8-Top center. 6Refer Figure 11.57.

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Figure 13.4

6. Select top centres of the columns on Grids 1-C, D. Since this is a beam, beam will be in
relationship with columns. You MUST select centre of columns & not intersection of
grids. Press “Finish” to complete placing beam. It will look like Figure 13.5.

Figur
e 13.5 Placement of beam

7. To check correctness of relationship, select beam in workspace. If relationships are

correct, then both columns, with which the beam is connected, will be highlighted.
Refer Figure 13.6

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Figure 13.6 Beam-Column relationship

8. If relationships are not correct, then follow the same method as described in Modelling
Superstructure Columns to correct errors in relationships.
9. Place remaining two beams between grids A-B & B-C. This can be achieved by copying
the existing beam/ modelling new beams. Copying can be done with the same
philosophy as used in column. Only differentiating factor being instead of selecting
intersection of grid lines as reference point, reference point in this case will be centre of
column 6Figure 13.77.

Figure 13.7

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If you choose to model new beams rather than copy existing beam,
make sure that, you choose centre of column as start point and end
point and not centre of beam.

Completed figure will be as shown in Figure 13.8.

Figure 13.8 Beams on Grid 1 at EL+106000 9TOC:

10. Modelled beams do not have Uhde Name rule. So rename as done in 12.3. 6Refer
Figure 13.97

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Figure 13.9

11. Now we need to see rest of the columns on other grids. So press “Clear View Clipping”
option. 6Refer Figure 13.107

Figure 13.10

All members will be visible.

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Figure 13.11

12. Now place rest of the grid beams as shown in the drawing. Sizes of the beams will be
as follows:
Beams on Grid 2 = 500x1200mm
Beams on Grid 3 = 350x600mm
Beams on Grid 4 = 350x600mm

Beams on Grid A = 350x600mm

Beams on Grid B = 350x600mm
Beams on Grid C = 350x600mm
Beams on Grid D = 350x600mm.

For placing beams on Grid 2, copy beams from Grid 1.

For placing beams on Grid 3, copy beams from Grid 2, then change size from the
toolbar.
For placing beams on Grid 4, copy beams from Grid 3 using pinpoint tool, then create
appropriate relationships. These are explained below briefly.

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Placing beams on Grid 2:

1. Select beams on Grid 1.

Figure 13.12

2. Right click Copy Select reference point 6Centre of column7.

3. Ctrl+V to paste. Paste window will be like Figure 13.13.

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Figure 13.13

4. Define appropriate relationships. While selecting relationships for new members, you will
notice that you have to select corresponding columns on Grid 2 and not the Grid lines,
as was the case with columns. 6Refer Figure 13.147.

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Figure 13.14

5. Press OK to finish copying.

6. Set locate filter to “Member Systems” & select newly copied beams one by one to check
relationships correctness. Refer Figure 13.15

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Figure 13.15

Placing beams on Grid 3:

In this step, we will copy beams from Grid 2 & then change the size.

1. Copy beams as explained in previous step. Check for relationship correctness. Final
picture should look like Figure 13.16.

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Figure 13.16

Now we need to change size of the beams on Grid 3.

2. First of all, set locate filter to “Member Parts”. 6Figure 13.177

Figure 13.17

3. Select the beams on Grid 3.

Once these beams are selected, member properties toolbar will appear on top, similar
to the one that you get while placing new member. 6Refer Figure 13.187

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Figure 13.18

From section name drop down menu from this toolbar, select member size of
600x350mm.

Figure 13.19

Member size will be changed. 6Refer Figure 13.207

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Figure 13.20 Member size changed on Grid 3

Placing beams on Grid 4:

1. We will copy beams from Grid 3 with pinpoint tool, then define correct relationships.
2. To reduce clutter in workspace, let us just keep members on Grid 3 & 4 in view & hide
rest by using “Clip by object” tool studied earlier. Refer Figure 13.21.

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Figure 13.21 Members on Grid 3 & 4

3. Turn on Pinpoint tool 6Tools Pinpoint7

4. Set Locate Filter to Member Systems.
5. Select beams on Grid 3.
6. Right click Copy Select reference point
7. Ctrl+V to paste. Paste window will open up. 6Refer Figure 13.227

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Figure 13.22

8. Select “Delete Optional”. Paste window will look as shown in

Figure 13.23. Press OK.

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Figure 13.23

As studied earlier, new beams are created overlapping the existing ones.

9. Select move button. Click anywhere on the screen to set reference point.
Grid 4 is at 6000mm east from Grid 3. So set east value to 6000mm on pinpoint
toolbar. There will be no change in North coordinate of the beams, so set North value
to zero. Also there will be no change in elevations of the beams, so set EL value to
zero.

Do not forget to “lock” each value before proceeding to next value. Final values will
look as shown in Figure 13.24.

Figure 13.24

10. Click anywhere on the workspace to finish move. Final view would look as shown in
Figure 13.25.

This method is used just to show that beams also can be copied by
using this method & it is not only restricted to columns.

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Figure 13.25

11. Now create relationships in beams & columns. Set Locate filter to Frame connections.
This operation can be done only on individual beam end and cannot be performed
collectively.
12. Select End connection of beam. It is highlighted in pink color in Figure 13.26.

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Figure 13.26

A connection detail toolbar will open at top. It will show Connection as “Unsupported”.
This means beam is not in relationship with any member. 6Figure 13.277

Figure 13.27

13. Now from Connection dropdown menu, select “By rule” option. 6Figure 13.287

Figure 13.28

14. Select column end connection, highlighted in Red color in Figure 13.29. This will create
Beam-Column relationship. It should look as shown in Figure 13.30.

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Figure 13.29

Figure 13.30

15. Similarly create relationships for other beam-ends.

16. Now create beams on Grid A, B, C, D by using various methods we have learnt till
now.

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Sizes of the beams on various grids are given earlier in this chapter.
Completed structure will look as shown in Figure 13.31.

Figure 13.31

Now save your work, which you have completed until now.

13.2 Placing Secondary beams

Our basic skeleton is now ready. We have to add some secondary beams now.
Secondary beams are steel beams which will support grating. Top of grating & Top of concrete
of main grid beams should match. Thickness of grating is 30mm. This means Top of steel
elevation of steel beams should be 106000-30 = 105970 mm.
We will use AISC members. Size of secondary beams will be W6x12, spaced at 1200mm c/c
along east direction.

To start with, let us model secondary beams between A,B-1,2.

1. Go to “Place Linear Member System” button and keep it pressed. An additional

command menu will come up on side with additional commands for modelling members.
Each command is described in Figure 13.32.

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Figure 13.32 various commands available for modelling members

2. To model secondary members we will use fourth command, “Secondary Members”.

Select command from toolbar. Toolbar will open at top with various options 6Figure 13.337.

Figure 13.33

Placing secondary members also has various options. We will study each option one by
one.
These options are available under “Placement” drop-down. Refer Figure 13.34.

Figure 13.34

13.2.1 Placing Secondary beams Number & Spacing option

Let us first use “Number & Spacing” option.

1. Select number & spacing from dropdown menu.

By using this command, we have control over number of beams to be placed as well as
spacing of beams.

2. Here we need spacing of 1200mm c/c, which translates into 4 beams in 6000mm
between Grid 1 & 2.
So set count to 4 & Spacing to 1200mm. 6Figure 13.357

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Figure 13.35
3. Set connection as “By rule”. Since this is steel beam, place it under 1210-
Structure 1210-STRU-106000 1210-STRU-106000-Beams 6Figure 13.377.

Figure 13.36
4. Type category will be Beam, Type will be beam. 6Figure 13.377
5. From Section name drop down More… AISC-LRFD-3.1 W W6x12 6Figure 13.377

Figure 13.37
6. Cardinal point will be 8-Top Centre 6Refer Figure 11.57.
7. Since we need these beams 30mm below, set offset value as -30mm.
8. Leave Reflect, Position & Side unchanged.

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Figure 13.38
9. At bottom left had corner of the workspace you will see “Select supporting member 1”
6Figure 13.397.

Figure 13.39

10. Select beam on Grid B 6Figure 13.407.

Figure 13.40
11. Now you will be prompted to select second supporting member. So select beam on Grid
A. As soon as you select second beam, you will see a preview of how beams will be
placed. Refer Figure 13.41.

Figure 13.41

12. To complete the placement, click on Finish button.

Beams will look like Figure 13.42.

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Figure 13.42
If you look closely, you will notice that new secondary beams are placed at 30mm below
TOC of grid beams. 6Refer Figure 13.437.

Figure 13.43

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“Offset” is especially useful to model monorails, which are generally

connected to the bottom of supporting members. Offset in such case
will be depth of supporting member.

13.2.2 Placing Secondary beams By count option

Now we will place secondary beams by count. We will place 4 beams between grids B,C-
1,2.
This will result in beams being equally placed between the defined members. Since here
we will be spacing four beams in 6000mm, we will get spacing of 1200mm c/c. Rest of the
setting will remain as mentioned in 13.2.1. Toolbar should look as shown in Figure 13.44.

Figure 13.44
Select beam on Grid C as “Supporting member 1” & beam on Grid B as “Supporting
member 2”.
If everything is correct, press Finish to complete the placement.

You can change any of the options, before you hit

“Finish”.

Completed beam placement will look as shown in Figure 13.45.

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Figure 13.45
13.2.3 Placing Secondary beams Equal Spacing option
This option will not be used in Uhde environment, because with this option, you can
specify only maximum spacing & number of members & minimum spacing is determined
by software and hence not useful.

13.2.4 Placing Secondary beams Best Fit option

This option will not be used in Uhde environment, because similar to equal spacing option,
only Maximum spacing can be specified and rest of the factors are determined by software
and hence there is less control.

Now place beams in other bays. Place beams by copy paste method & by using
command.
Completed structure should look as shown in Figure 13.46.

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Figure 13.46
This completes placing beams on a floor.

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14 Modelling Superstructure Connections

When we model various beams, generated model is always a centreline model. This means
that grid beams will be extended up to centre of column & secondary beams will extend up to
centre of supporting beams. So when we generate drawing from SP3D, beams will be shown
“embedded” inside beam or column. This is not correct. A beam has to stop at the face of
concrete column or flange/web of steel column. Same is the case with secondary beams. To
overcome this, SP3D has a utility called “Assembly Connections”. This utility contains a lot of
connection types, but in Uhde environment we need to use only
“FittedAsmConn_No_Clearance” for beams 6Steel & Concrete both7.

1. Set Locate filter to “All”. Select “Place Assembly Connection” tool from toolbar. 6Refer
Figure 14.17.

Figure 14.1

Once you select the tool, a new toolbar will come up on top. Figure 14.2 shows default
values.

Figure 14.2

2. Uncheck by “By Rule” option. 6Figure 14.67

3. Set Condition to “Update existing”. 6Figure 14.67

4. Set System to 1210-Structure 1210-STRU-106000 1210-STRU-106000 1210-

STRU-106000-Connections. 6Figure 14.37.

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Figure 14.3

5. Now select connections at the junction of Grid A-1. 6Figure 14.47

Figure 14.4

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6. From Type select “FittedAsmConn_No_Clearance”. 6Figure 14.57

Figure 14.5

7. Leave Name field blank. Uhde default name rule will take care of naming.

Completed tool bar should look like Figure 14.6.

Figure 14.6

8. Click on Accept button.

9. Click Finish to complete the connection. Figure 14.7 shows column-beam junction before
applying connection & Figure 14.8 shows same junction after applying connection.

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Figure 14.7 Before applying connection

Figure 14.8 After applying connection

10. In a similar way apply all connections. Apply Uhde default name rule after generating
connections.

In actual practice it is advantageous to apply connections first and

then copy members. So that new members will already be having
connections.

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15 Modelling Superstructure Plan Bracings

We will provide plan bracings between Grids A, B-2, 3. Refer a snapshot below from reference
drawing.

Figure 15.1 Plan bracing location in reference drawing

15.1 Placing tertiary beams

First, we will place tertiary beams. Size of the beams will be W6x12. As seen in Figure 15.1, we
need three beams placed at spacing of 1250mm c/c. Place these beams same way as we
placed secondary beams. System will be 1210-Structure 1210-STRU-106000 1210-STRU-
106000-Beams. 6Figure 15.27. Offset value will be -30mm.

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Figure 15.2

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Now if you see side view of the beams, you will notice that tertiary beam is inclined 6Figure 15.37.
This is because we need an offset of 30mm below TOC. Setting offset value to -30mm, gives
correct elevation near concrete beam, but gives wrong elevation near steel beam end.

Figure 15.3
To overcome this issue,
1. Set locate filter to “Frame Connections” & select frame connections at steel beam end.

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Figure 15.4
2. Go to properties. You will notice “Z Offset” value is -29.99mm 6Figure 15.57. Set this to
zero and press OK to exit.

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Figure 15.5

3. Now look at the side view of the tertiary beam. You will notice that it is correctly placed
6Figure 15.67.

Figure 15.6

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4. Apply “FittedAsmConn_No_Clearance” to newly created beams.

Final view will look as shown in Figure 15.7.

Figure 15.7
15.2 Placing plan bracings

1. We will place plan bracing by using “Place Linear Member” command.

Size of the member will be L6x6x3/8. Refer Figure 15.1 . We have to place single angle with
Cardinal point as “1-Bottom Left” and angle of rotation as 90 degrees.
So connection will be “By rule”.
System will be “1210-STRU-106000-PlanBraces”.
Type category as “Brace”.
Type as “Horizontal brace”.
Completed toolbar will look as shown in Figure 15.8.

Figure 15.8

In “Type” of bracing dropdown menu you will see several options

for type of bracing. But in Uhde environment, we will use only
Horizontal brace or Vertical brace. Even knee braces will also be
classified as vertical brace. Reason for doing so is that, Uhde
drawing filters will read only These two types for naming bracings.

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2. Select centre of column & intersection of secondary & tertiary beams as start and end
points of bracing. You will see preview of the bracing as shown in Figure 15.9.

Figure 15.9
3. Press “Finish” to complete the placement. Place rest of the bracings. Refer Figure 15.10.

Figure 15.10
Again we will have problem w.r.t. TOS of bracing. Bracing will be inclined. But as per usual
practice, we will need bracing to be 50mm below TOS elevation. This means, Z Offset for
bracing end near steel beam has to be -50mm & for bracing end near concrete beam it has to

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be –650+30=80mm7. Set “Locate Filter” to “Frame Connections”, select each connection, and
change “Z Offset” value as applicable.

15.3 Plan bracings Connections

Now we will add connection to plan bracing. In UHDE environment two types of connection
are available. One with 300mmx300mm gusset plate and other with 600mmx600mm gusset
plate. User shall decide which connection to be assigned.

1. To assign connection to Plan bracing, click on Place assembly connection icon from
vertical toolbar. One toolbar will open at top.

Figure 15.11 Toolbar to place connection

2. Select Plan bracings. We are assigning connection to bracing which are customized for
Uhde environment, so uncheck By Rule from toolbar. See Figure 15.12

Figure 15.12 Uncheck “By Rule”

After unchecking, the Type tool will become active. We will be selecting type from there.
But before that, first set Condition to “Update existing”.
3. System for connections will be “1210-STRU-106000-Connections”. So travel to this path
and click OK. Refer Figure 15.13

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Figure 15.13 PBS location for connection

4. Now we will select Type of connection. Click on “More…” from dropdown list in Type
window. A window “Select assembly connection” will open.

Figure 15.14

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5. Expand Frame Assembly Connection as shown in Figure 15.15

Figure 15.15 Selecting Type of connection

Here we can see two types of connections. Select appropriate connection type. Here we
go with 300x300 gusset plate. So select GussetPlateAsmConn_UHDE_300X300 and
click OK.

6. Click on Accept. Preview of connection will be seen.

Figure 15.16 Preview of connection

7. Now click on . The Connection will be assigned.

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Figure 15.17 Connection assigned

8. Now select Member Assembly Connections from Locate Filter window.

Figure 15.18
9. Select the gusset plate connection that we have placed. It will be highlighted in Pink
colour.

Figure 15.19

10. Click on Properties button from horizontal toolbar. Properties window will open. Set
Name Rule to UhDefaultNameRule and click Apply. Name of connection will be changed.

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Figure 15.20 Assembly connection properties window

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Figure 15.21 Name Rule changed

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16 Modelling Superstructure Grating

Grating & slabs are modelled by slab method in SP3D.

1. Select Slab tool from Toolbar 6Figure 16.17. A toolbar will open up at the top.

Figure 16.1 Slab tool

There are two ways to model a grating.
Method 1 Define boundaries and place grating
Method 2 Custom draw grating shape. This is helpful in case you want to have grating
custom suited to you needs.

16.1 Placing Grating Method 1

We will place grating in A, B-1, 2.

Once you select slab tool, a new toolbar will come up at top. 6Figure 16.27

Figure 16.2

We are asked to select a reference plane for your Grating. 6See Bottom left hand corner of
SP3D window7

Figure 16.3

2. Select top flange of the steel beam. Refer Figure 16.4. Highlighted in Yellow color.

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Figure 16.4

3. Set Plane method as “Coincident” 6Figure 16.57 & Accept.

Figure 16.5
4. Set system to 1210-Structure 1210-STRU-106000 1210-STRU-106000-Grating
6Figure 16.67.

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Figure 16.6
5. Select Type as any of SteelGrating 15-W-2/ SteelGrating 15-W-4/ SteelGrating 19-W-2 /
SteelGrating 19-W-4. Refer Figure 16.7.

Figure 16.7
6. Let Composition remain default & leave Name box empty as Uhde default rules will take
care of naming. 6Figure 16.87

Figure 16.8
7. Since reference plane is top of steel beam and grating has to rest on TOP of steel beam,
select “Face Position” as Bottom. This will ensure that grating is modelled on top of steel
beam.

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Thickness of steel grating will be 30mm.

Figure 16.9
8. Now you will be asked to select boundaries.

Figure 16.10
We will select four grid beams as boundary limits of our slab. 6Figure 16.117

Figure 16.11

Do the selection either in clockwise direction or anticlockwise

direction. Do not select haphazardly.

9. Again press Accept button. A preview of the slab will be shown 6green boundaries7. Refer
Figure 16.12.

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Figure 16.12
10. Press Finish to complete the placement. Finished slab will look like Figure 16.13.

Figure 16.13
11. Change name rule to UhDefault name rule.

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16.2 Placing Grating Method 2

1. Start slab tool. Select top of steel beam between Grids C, D-1, 2 as plane for new slab.

2. Select Define boundaries.

3. Select add references to Sketch 2D tool.

4. Select two steel beams & two concrete beams for 2D referece & press Accept. Refer
Figure 16.14.
You can also add equipment, pipes etc. for as 2D reference.

Figure 16.14
5. As soon as you press accept button, a 2D editor will start.

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Figure 16.15
Our aim is to draw grating boundary between steel beams & RC beams. Toolbar on left
had side has various tools like draw line, curve, etc.

Figure 16.16
6. Draw lines along the required border.

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Figure 16.17

7. Once you are done with drawing desired shape, press Close from toolbar.
A preview of grating will be visible. Refer Figure 16.18.

Figure 16.18
8. Press accept & finish. Grating will be created. Placed grating will look like Figure 16.19.

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Figure 16.19
9. Place grating on rest of the floor. Place it between remaining beams. Completed floor will
look like Figure 16.20.

Figure 16.20

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16.3 Placing Slab

We have seen method to place grating. If there is Slab on the floor, then some of the
toolbar options will change.

In structure layout of concrete floor, Concrete beams should be dotted; to achieve

this, Plane method will be “Offset” and Offset value will be of 0.005m.

The system for slab will be “1210-CONC-106000-Slab” depending upon for which
floor slab is modelled.

Figure 16.21

For Type of slab select General_Slab from drop down list and Composition as
Imported_Slab.
Face position will be Top. Refer Figure 16.22

Thickness of slab can be entered in Total Thickness tab.

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Figure 16.22
So once all these properties are set in toolbar, slab can be modelled by any of the two
methods explained above.

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17 Adding Elevation plane 9Grids Task:

Now we have completed basic skeleton of first floor. We will add another floor at EL+113000
6TOC7. But before we do that, we need to add an elevation plane at EL+113000.

1. To do so, change from current structure task to Grids task.

2. Select Grid wizard tool. Select option for Existing coordinate system. Refer Figure 17.1.

Figure 17.1
3. Click Next.

Next elevation plane will be at EL+1130006TOC7. i.e. 113000-106000 = 7000mm from

existing elevation plane at EL+106000. So Set Start plane as 106000, Copies as 1 &
spacing to 7000mm & Type as Top Of Concrete and Add to add elevation plane.
Completed window will look as shown in Figure 17.2.

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Figure 17.2

4. Click next until you reach Finish button. Click Finish to exit. You will see a new elevation
plane added. 6Refer Figure 17.37.

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Figure 17.3

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18 Modelling Superstructure Second floor

Change task to “Structure”.

Second floor also has same layout as first floor. Therefore, we will model new RCC
columns & copy beams from first floor.
If you remember, we had created an empty PBS as the start. 6Refer section 87. Make a
new copy of this empty PBS and existing empty PBS to reflect new elevation i.e. 1210-
CONC-113000 & 1210-STRU-113000 resp. for concrete & steel structures.

18.1 Placing new columns

Size of the concrete columns is 600x600mm same as our first floor. So place these new
columns. You can follow any of the procedures described in section 12. Make sure that
columns are in relationship with grids.

System for these columns will be 1210-CONC-113000 1210-CONC-113000-Columns.

18.2 Placing new beams

Since the layout is same for second floor, copy beams from first floor. For copying
use any of the method explained in section 0. The system for the beams will be
1210-CONC-113000 1210-CONC-113000-Beams for concrete beams and 1210-
STRU-113000 1210-STRU-113000-Beams for steel beams.

The completed floor with columns, beams and grating will look as shown in Figure 18.1

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Figure 18.1

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19 Modelling Superstructure Other floors

1. Now before modelling all other remaining floors add required elevation plane. Since
these are steel floors so, the Type of plane will be Top Of Steel. See Figure 19.1. Add
elevation plane as explained in section 17 .

Figure 19.1

2. Now model all columns and beams, plan bracings and grating as explined earlier in
section 12 to 16.
The system for steel columns will be1210-STRU-118000 1210-STRU-118000-
Columns depending upon the level for which columns are modelled.

The completed structure now will look as shown in Figure 19.2

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Figure 19.2

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20 Modelling Superstructure Vertical bracing

20.1 Cross/ X type elevation bracing

Now, we will see how to model vertical bracing in structure.

1. Fly out toolbar by holding down “Place Linear Member System” button. See Figure 20.1

Figure 20.1

2. Click on “Place Bracing” button. On toolbar will open at top.

Figure 20.2

We will see options from toolbar one by one.

Figure 20.3

Toolbar from Figure 20.3 allows us to select Bracing Type. In drop down list there are
two types.

Figure 20.4

Cross bracing is X-type bracing and Chevron type is A type bracing. So select type
based on requirement. Here we go with Cross. So select the same.

Connection type will be By Rule.

In system click on More… from drop down list

Figure 20.5

We are modelling bracing below floor at EL. +118000 so, we will place vertical bracing
in 1210-STRU-118000 1210-STRU-118000-ElevationBraces. So travel to this path
and click OK.
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Figure 20.6

Type category will be Brace.

Figure 20.7

Now we will see rest portion of the toolbar.

Figure 20.8

In Toolbar from Figure 20.8, Type of bracing, section size cardinal point, orientation
offset and mirror properties can be filled up.

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Type of bracing will be Vertical Bracing. So select the same from drop down list.

Figure 20.9

In section name, select the required section By clicking More in drop down list.

Figure 20.10

Here we select L6X6X3/8 . So expand Shapes AISC-LRFD-3.1 L and select

L6X6X3/8.

Cardinal point will be 1-Bottom Left. Refer Figure 11.4 Cardinal points of Single Angle.
Angle will be 90 degree. Let Offset and Reflect remain unchanged.

So now the completed toolbar will be as shown in Figure 20.11

Figure 20.11

3. Select first member as shown in Figure 20.12 .

Selected column is highlighted in Pink colour.

Figure 20.12

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4. Now as second member select column on adjacent grid. As we select such member,
preview of bracing will be seen. See Figure 20.13 . selected members are in pink colour.

Figure 20.13

5. If everything is correct, click on finish from top toolbar. Bracing will be placed. Vetical
bracings will be in relationship with the selected two columns. Though the bracing type is
Cross, there will be two separate member systems for bracing.

6. Now select bracing 6Member System7 and click on Properties from Top toolbar.
Change Name Rule to UhDefaultNameRule.

If brace type is not defined as Vertical Brace then bracing will not appear in
drawing.

Concept of member part and member system remains same as column and beam.
So to change properties of cross section, select member part Right click Properties
and do the changes.

20.2 A / V type – Chevron bracing

Now we have placed cross type of bracing. Now we will see to place A or V type
bracing.

1. select bracing type as Chevron.

Figure 20.14

Rest of the option from toolbar are same as explained in section 20.1 .
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2. Now to place bracing in model, select columns as first and second member between
which the bracing is to be placed. Here we select columns on Grid B and C. selected
columns are highlighted in pink colour.

Figure 20.15

3. Now see the massage at bottom left corner.

Figure 20.16

Here if we require A type bracing then we will select top beam 6Figure 20.17 7, and if V
type bracing is required then we will select beam at bottom level 6Figure 20.187. All
selected members are highlighted in Pink colour.

Figure 20.17 A type bracing

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Figure 20.18 V type bracing

4. Click on Finish to complete the procedure. Bracing will be placed. Thus Chevron type
of bracing will be in relationship with three members which are two columns and
beam.
20.3 Modelling Connection to vertical bracing

Connection to vertical bracings are applied in same manner as that of plan bracing
6see section 15.3 7 So select gusset plate 600mmx600mm or 300mmx300mm as per
requirement.

The system for connection will be 1210 STRU 118000 Connections.

The bracings after applying connection will look as shown in Figure 20.19

Figure 20.19 elevation bracing after applying connection

Name Rule for the connection will be UhDefaultNameRule. See Figure 15.21

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Sometimes, case may arise the for A type or V type bracing, bracing will have offset
from bottom or Top of column respectively.

1. In such case select “Framed Connections” from Locate Filter.

Figure 20.20

2. Select assembly connection, Right click Properties

Figure 20.21

3. Under General tab enter desired value of offset as Z offset.

Figure 20.22 entering Z offset

4. Click Apply and OK.

Bracing will have offset from end of column.

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Figure 20.23

The case arises where we have to model single bracing as vertical bracing, or knee
bracing. In that case the bracing should be modeled with “Place Linear Member
System” tool. Similarly as explained in section 15.2 Placing plan bracings.

Type will be braces and subtype will be Vertical brace.

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21 Modelling Staircase Block

21.1 Addition of Grid and Elevation Plane 9Task Grid:

Now we will see how to model Staircase in UHDE environment. But before that we will
model structure as staircase block. Also We need to place additional grid for the
same. So first we will place additional grid.

1. To do so, go to Grid Task. Task Grid.

2. Click on Grid Wizard option from vertical toolbar. A window will open. Click on
Existing coordinate system. Select CS_1210 as coordinate system and click Next.

Figure 21.1

3. Here we want to add Grids in East 6X7 direction. So we will not do anything in elevation
plane. Click Next. Now we will add one more grid at distance of 3.1m on east side of
grid 4. In create Grid-X planes window fill details as shown in Figure 21.1 and click Add.

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Figure 21.2

4. Click Next till we reach to Finish tab. Finish and new grid will be added. See plan view
as shown in Figure 21.3

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Figure 21.3

5. Now for staircase block members tie beams and mid landing beams are provided at
intermediate levels. We have not added elevation planes for these levels, so first add
these elevation planes through Grid Wizard as explained in section 17 , keeping type of
plane as Top Of Steel.

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Figure 21.4 Addition of Elevation planes

21.2 Modelling Members

1. Change Task to structure. Task Structure.

2. Now model columns, beams as explianed in section 12 and 13 and elevation bracings
as in section 20. Use Rotate , zoom command from horizontal toolbar for better
and accurate selection while modelling members.
The completed structure for staircase block should look as shown in Figure 21.5

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Figure 21.5 Staircase Block

21.3 Placing Staircase

Now we will place staircase in model.

1. First we will clip our model to our requirement. Select bottom four columns as shown
in Figure 21.6

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Figure 21.6

2. With this selection now click on Clip by Object from horizontal toolbar. View will be
like Figure 21.7

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Figure 21.7

We can increase or reduce this clip to suit our requirement. Click on Clip By
Volume from same toolbar. A volume box in green dotted lines will be visible. We can
select planes and drag so that clip volume will increase/decrease. See Figure 21.8 .
Selected plane is highlighted in Pink colour. The plane can be dragged as shown.

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Figure 21.8 Changing Clip volume

So now our Clip is set for ease of modelling.

3. Now click on Place stair from vertical toolbar. A window will open up.

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Figure 21.9

4. Expand Stairs to Uhde Stair TypeA and select Stair_Uhde as shown in Figure 21.10 .
This is staircase modified to suit Uhde environment. Click OK.

Figure 21.10 Selecting Stair

Staircase that is customized should only be selected.

There will be a toolbar at top.

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Figure 21.11 Toolbar for placing stair

We will see options from these toolbars one bye one.

First we will see Toolbar-2 6 Figure 21.127

Figure 21.12

System tool allows us to select the location in PBS. So Click on More… from drop
down list and travel to path 1210 CIVIL STRU 1210-Structure 1210-STRU-
StairFlights. See Figure 21.14 . Click OK

Figure 21.13

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Figure 21.14 PBS for staircase

The type window will allow us to select type of staircase, this will be same as selected
earlier. So no need to change anything.

Width of stair can be entered in Width tool. So here it will be 1m.

Figure 21.15

This completes Toolbar-2 from Figure 21.12.

Now we will move to Toolbar-3 6Figure 21.167

Figure 21.16

Till we actually place staircase Angle tool will not be active.

In Pitch, Riser is entered. So here Riser=177mm.

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Horizontal offset is disatnce of center of stair from selected vertical plane/object. We

will see use of Horizontal offset, vertical offset and Side tool while placing stair.

5. Now see options from toolbar-1 and massage at bottom left. See Figure 21.17 and
Figure 21.18.

Figure 21.17 Select top edge tool active

Figure 21.18

First active button from Figure 21.17 asks us to select the top plane for staircase. So
select the upper landing beam.

Figure 21.19

6. Now on toolbar-1 next button is to select bottom plane becomes active. See massage
at bottom left corner.

Figure 21.20

Figure 21.21 Select bottom plane tool active

Here select elevation plane EL.100.000m. If pedestal is modeled before staircase

then select top plane of pedestal as bottom plane for staircase. Or if lower landing
beam is present select that as bottom plane.

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Figure 21.22 Selecting Bottom plane as Elevaion plane from PBS

7. Again see massage at bottom left corner.

Figure 21.23

Next tool from Toolbar-1 is active.

Figure 21.24 Select reference vertical tool active

From concrete column the stringer beam is placed at 500mm. so we will select
concrete column as reference edge. As soon as we select vertical plane, preview of
staircase will be seen.

8. Now see massage at bottom left corner

Figure 21.25

Fourth tool from toolbar-1 will be active.

Figure 21.26 Select Position Tool Active

With this other deactived tools from Horizontal toolbar-3 6Figure 21.16 7 will become
active. See Figure 21.27 .

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Figure 21.27 Preview of staircase and Active tools from Toolbar

Now we can change angle. Depending upon number of treads and riser , calculate
angle of staircase and enter. Here it is 38degree.

9. In Horizontal toolbar enter the Offset value as 1000mm 6distance of center of stair
from vertical reference edge, 500+500 = 1000mm7. It is distance of stringer beam
from reference vertical plane/edge.
Vertical Offset will always be zero.

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10. Side tools allows us to select the side on staircase will lie. To see the meaning,
click on this tool and see preview.

Figure 21.28

The staircase will flip to opposite side.

We will keep it in position as it was earlier. So again click on side tool and press
Finish. Staircase will be placed.

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Figure 21.29

When we select staircase from model, the selected top beam, bottom plane and
reference vertical plane will be highlighted. That means any staircase modelled will be
in relationship with three entities, which are Top plane, Bottom Plane and vertical
Plane.

11. Select the staircase and and click on Properties tool from horizontal toolbar.
Change Name Rule to UhDefaultNameRule. Staircase name will appear as stair-from
EL to EL. 6See Figure 21.307 This the name that will appear on drawing.
Rest of the properties can be viewed and changed 6if required7 from this window.

Uhde Default Name Rule system gives name to staircase based

on Level of selected Top plane and Bottom plane. So selection of
these planes should be proper in order to achieve proper name for
staircase.

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Figure 21.30 properties window for Staircase

By default the tread size is 260mm and thickness is 30mm. The staircase modelled
here will be Indicative.

12. Similarly model all staircase flights and complet the staircase block.
13. For bottom most flight place pedestal as explained in section 27.2 using Pin Point
Tool.

14. Click on Clear View Clipping from horizontal toolbar, so that complete model will
be visible.

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22 Placing Ladder

Now we will see how to place ladder. We will model ladder from EL.+113.000 to
EL.+118.000

1. Select Place Ladder from vertical toolbar. A window will open.

Figure 22.1

2. Expand Ladders to Uhde ladder TypeB as shown in Figure 22.2

Figure 22.2

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In Uhde environment, there are 4 types of ladders, customized to suit our

requirement.

They are-
1. Ladder Uhde with saftey Hoop
2. Ladder Uhde without saftey Hoop
3. Ladder Uhde Left side step
4. Ladder Uhde Right side step

Any of these four should be selected depending upon requirement. Here we will go
with Ladder Uhde with saftey Hoop. So select the same and click OK.

Ladder that is customized should only be selected.

3. A Horizontal toolbar will open at top. This is similar to the staircase which is explained
in section 21.3
System for ladder will be 1210 STRU Ladders. Refer Figure 22.3

Figure 22.3 PBS for Ladder

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4. See section 21.3 for detailed explaination of Placing Staircase. Procedure for placing
ladder is similar to that of staircase.
5. Select top edge as beam at EL. +118.000. selected entity is highlighted in Pink colour.

Figure 22.4 Selecting Top edge

6. Now select bottom plane. We will select Grating from floor at EL.+113.000.

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Figure 22.5 Selecting Bottom plane

7. Select column as vertical reference plane. The preview is seen. Before clicking Finish,
Change width, Horizontal offset and side for ladder.
So completed toolbar before clicking finish will be as shown in Figure 22.6

Figure 22.6

Width of the ladder will be project specific.

Here if we see, the angle tool will be disabled. This is because the ladder will be
vertical only.

We will not change pitch value of ladder because ladder modelled here will be
indicative.

8. Now click Finish and ladder will be placed. The ladder , similar to staircase will be in
relationship with three entities. Those are highlighted in Yellow colour.

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Figure 22.7 ladder in relationship with three entities

9. Select the ladder, click on Properties and change name rule to UhDefaultName Rule.
Name of ladder will be Ladder – EL to EL.

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Figure 22.8 Properties window for Ladder

Uhde Default Name Rule system gives name to Ladder based on

Level of selected Top plane and Bottom plane. So selection of
these planes should be proper in order to achieve proper name for
ladder.

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23 Modelling Handrail

1. Select Place handrail from vertical toolbar on left side. A window will open.

Figure 23.1 Select handrail window

2. Expand Handrails to Uhde Handrail.

Figure 23.2

Handrail that is customized should only be selected.

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In Uhde environment four types of Handrails are customized

1.SideMounted_L-Bar_Uhde
2.SideMounted_Tubular_Uhde
3.TopMounted_Tubular_Uhde
4.TopMounted_L-Bar_Uhde

So selection of handrail will be as per requirement. Here we go with

SideMounted_Tubular_Uhde type of handrail. Select the same and click OK.

3. One toolbar at top will open.

Figure 23.3 Toolbar for placing Handrail

First by default Create tool and reference point tool will be active. Draw path
along the edge of beam.

Path of the handrail can be changed by changing Path Type .

Figure 23.4 Path Types

4. Draw path on beam on which handrail is to be placed. The path will be seen in yellow
colour.

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Figure 23.5 path for handrail

It is advisable to draw path in segments and not as complete

peripheri for floor.So, it becomes easier to modify handrail at later
stage.

5. Click on Finish from top toolbar. Profile of handrail will be seen.

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Figure 23.6

6. There is one tool on horizontal toolbar as Toggle side. By clicking it, we can
decide on which side of beam handrail will place. For now , there is no need to change
the side. So click Finish. Handrail will be placed.

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Figure 23.7

7. Now select handrail. Click on properties tool. Properties window will open.

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Figure 23.8 Properties window for Handrail

8. Change system. Click more from drop down list and travel to path as shown in Figure
23.10. Since handrail is modelled for floor at EL.+118.000 so the system will be
1210 STRU 118000 Handrail. Select the location and click OK.

Figure 23.9

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Figure 23.10 location in PBS for handrail

9. Now change Name Rule to UhDefaultNameRule. Click Apply and OK. Name of handrail
will be changed as per Uhde name rule.

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Figure 23.11

23.1 Creating Gap in Handrail

Inserting gap in already modelled handrail path is not easily possible for Uhde
Handrail Model. Following method is to be used for modelling & modifying handrails.

Lat us say we have to create gap in handrail for ladder.

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Figure 23.12

1. Select the handrail. Right Click and Copy.

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Figure 23.13

2. Select reference point as top center point of nearest column. And Press Ctrl+V. A paste
window will open.

Figure 23.14

3. Press Delete Optional. Let “Paste in place” remain checked. And click OK.

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Figure 23.15

Handrail will be pasted at same location. Let the handrail remain selected . Now we
have two handrails overlapping each other.

4. Click on Define Handrail Path button from horizontal toolbar. Path of handrail will
be highlighted in yellow colour.

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Figure 23.16

5. Use zoom command. And select end point of handrail path. See Figure 23.17

Figure 23.17

6. Select end point tool. DO NOT select reference point.

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7. Drag the point at the end location/ desired location where one end of the handrail is to
be placed & Click Finish. The segment of handrail will be highlighted.
8. Again Press Finish. Handrail will be segmented. It is highlighted in Pink colour.

Figure 23.18

9. Now select the handrail 6this will be originally drawn, shown in brown colour7.
10. Modify this handrail from opposite end. 6means if we have selected left yellow point to
modify first handrail, now select right yellow point of handrail7.
Here we need not copy paste the handrail.

11. Select the handrail and edit the path as explained earlier. Finish the procedure. The
Gap will be created in handrail.

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Figure 23.19 Gap in handrail for ladder

Since we have copied the handrail which was placed originally. So it will have same
properties as that of original one. So name rule will be UhdefaultNameRule and
system will be similar to the original one. See Figure 23.20 handrail is shown in PBS.

Figure 23.20 Handrail in PBS

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24 Modelling Cladding Runner

So far we have covered all components for superstructure. Now we will move to
cladding part. Firstly we will see how to place cladding runner.

1. Clip model so that only outer columns modelled for staircase will be visible. See Figure
24.1

Figure 24.1

2. Now see that PinPoint ribbon is active. Tools PinPoint.

3. In SP3D cladding runner will be modelled as Beam.

So selcet Place Linear Member System tool from vertical toolbar.

A toolbar will open at top.

Figure 24.2

This toolbar is explained in section 12.

If alreday any beam/column is modelled, all properties of previously modelled

member will be present in toolbar.

Connection type will be By Rule.

In system tool, select More... from drop down list

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Figure 24.3

4. Now a window will open where we have to select the location for placing cladding
runner in PBS. Here we are modelling Cladding Runner on east face of building so
location will be
1210 CIVIL 1210-Structure 1210-STRU-Cladding Cladding Runners East

Figure 24.4

Select the location and click OK.

5. Type Category and Type will be beam.

6. Select section name by selecting more from drop down list

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Figure 24.5

Select channel. Here we select C10X15.3 as cladding runner. So expand

shapes AISC-LRFD-3.1 C and select section. Click OK.

Cardinal point for cladding runner will be 7- Top Left 6refer section 117 for detailed
explanation on cardinal point7.

Angle will be -90 degree.

So completed toolbar will look as shown in Figure 24.6

Figure 24.6 Toolbar for cladding runner

7. Using PinPoint ribbon, set origin at any point on bottom plane so that elevation
coordinate will be 0.00m

Figure 24.7

8. Now we will place cladding runner such that it will be in relation with columns. So first
bring mouse near column, it will get highlighted.

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Figure 24.8 Selecting Column

9. Then click middle scroll button. This means we have locked first selection. At this
moment East and North coordinate also gets locked. The cursor point will now be
moving in Elevation plane along selected column, even though the coordinates are not
locked manually.

Figure 24.9

We will keep spacing for cladding runner as 1200mm. So enter 1.2m as Elevation
coordinate. Lock the coordinate with “F8” key.

Figure 24.10 Coordinates for placing one end of Cladding Runner

10. Click on screen. This will generate profile of channel section.

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Figure 24.11

11. Now similarly, bring mouse near to column, when it gets highlighted, click middle
scroll button. East and North coordinate will get locked.
Enter elevation coordinate. And click on screen. The Channel section will be placed.

Figure 24.12 Placement of Cladding Runner

12. Now if we see closely, this cladding runner is from center of column. Cladding runner
should have gap from face of column. Say we keep gap of 100mm 6 for cleat7 from
face of column. So we need offset of 100mm+ half the flange width of column.
13. So, locate filter to Framed Connection.
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Figure 24.13

14. Select the framed connections of channel section

Figure 24.14

15. Click on properties tool from horizontal toolbar. Enter value of X- offset. Here it
will be 100+125=225mm. See Figure 24.15.

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Figure 24.15 properties window for Framed Connection

16. Click Apply and OK.

The cladding runner will move leaving gap between face of column and Cladding
Runner.

This can be clear if we see plan view. Refer Figure 24.16.

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Figure 24.16

Though, the cladding runner has offset,it will be in relationship with selected columns.

17. Now select member system to view the relationship.

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Figure 24.17 Relationship of Cladding Runner with Columns

18. With Cladding Runner 6member system7 selected, click on Properties tool form
horizontal toolbar. Change Name Rule to UhDefaultNameRule. Click Apply. Name of
cladding Runner will be changed as per Uhde system.

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Figure 24.18 Properties window for Member System

See that Priority will be Undefined.

19. Now Cladding Runner has offset in other direction as well, such that at edge/corner
Cladding sheeting will have support from cladding.
So again select framed connection in locate filter.

Figure 24.19

And select one framed connection of claddin runner. Selected connection is

highlighted in Pink colour.

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Figure 24.20

20. Click on Properties tool. And enter value of Y offset. Here we enter as 400mm.
6since the channel is modelled till centre of column, offset value = offset required+half
the depth of column7

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Figure 24.21

21. Click Apply. One end of cladding will be extended.

Figure 24.22

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22. Now similarly select the framed connection at other end. Enter Y offset value. This time
it will be -400mm. 6-ve value is because the cladding runner will be extended in
opposite direction7.

Figure 24.23

23. Click Apply and OK. The other end of runner will get extended.

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Figure 24.24

This way cladding runner can be extended and moved by keeping it in relationship with
column.

24. Now copy this claading runner by using method given in section 12 . Place the
cladding runner at spacing of 1200mm.
Completed structure of staircase block with cladding runners all around will
look as shown in Figure 24.25

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Figure 24.25

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25 Modelling Cladding

25.1 Method-1 : 2D sketch

Now we will place cladding sheeting around structure.

1. Select Place Wall from vertical toolbar.

Figure 25.1
One toolbar will open at top.

Figure 25.2

Above toolbar will be more clear from Figure 25.3,Figure 25.7 and Figure 25.10. We will
see all options one by one.

Figure 25.3

Toolbar from Figure 25.3 allows to select System for location of Cladding. So, click
More... from drop down list.

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Figure 25.4

A window will open. Travel to path 1210 CIVIL 1210-Structure 1210-STRU-

Cladding Cladding Sheet. And Click OK.

Figure 25.5

In type window there are many types like Cladding, Foundation wall, parapet wall,
partition wall, External wall. We will select Cladding from them.

Figure 25.6

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Let composition be default for cladding.

This completes toolbar from Figure 25.3.

Now see Figure 25.7 for further options on toolbar.

Figure 25.7

Position for cladding will be 3-Bottom Right. 6so that the right edge of cladding will be
flushed with cladding runner7

Figure 25.8

Enter thickness for cladding. Here we enter as 50mm.

Now maximum Height will be the height till where we are modelling cladding for
structure. Here it 18m. So enter the same.

Let reflect option be untouched.

So complted toolbar will be as shown in Figure 25.9

Figure 25.9

We have entered all properties for Cladding 6here referred as Wall7. We will see now
the procedure to place wall.

Figure 25.10

2. See Figure 25.10, first active tool is Select Sketching Plane 6See massage at bottom left
corner7

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Figure 25.11

Here sketching plane will be horizontal plane. So select plane 6horizontal7 of channel
6cladding runner7 as sketching plane. See Figure 25.12

Figure 25.12

3. Once we select plane, path tool becomes active.

Figure 25.13 Path Tool Active

And two more options will get added on horizontal toolbar.

Figure 25.14

If we select Skecth 2D , one toolbar will open

Figure 25.15

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4. Here by default first add references tool will be active. So we will select columns and
cladding runners such that,they will give reference while sketching path of cladding.

Figure 25.16

5. Now click on Draw .

This will take us to sketch 2D window similar to the one explained while placing
grating. Ignore the orientation in which the selected members appear. Now if selected
entities are not enough, and we have to add more references to the sketch then, Click

on “Add Potential sketch Landmarks” button from horizontal toolbar. This will
take us back to SP3D model window. Already selected members will be retained in
yellow colour. Select more entities that we require as reference. Once selection is

done, again click on Draw button. And all selected entities will appear in “Draft
2D view” window.

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Figure 25.17

6. Now draw a path of cladding with the help of tools available on left hand side vertical
toolbar.

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Figure 25.18

7. Click on “Close” button from horizontal toolbar.

Figure 25.19

8. This will take us back to SP3D model window. Click on Finish .

Layout of Cladding will be seen in green colour.

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Figure 25.20

9. Now click on finish from toolbar. The Cladding will be placed and will
be visible as blue transparent entity.

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Figure 25.21

25.2 Changing Properties of cladding

1. Now select cladding and click on Properties from horizontal toolbar. Properties
window for cladding will open.
2. In General tab change name rule to UhDefaultnameRule. And Click Apply. Name of
cladding will be changed as per Uhde system. Refer Figure 25.22

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Figure 25.22 Name Rule of Wall/cladding changed

Parent system for cladding also can be seen here.

3. If we see Figure 25.21, the cladding is modelled from first cladding runner. So we need
vertical offset of 1200mm.
Now go to section tab of same window. Here properties of cladding can bee viewed.
Enter value of vertical offset as -1200mm 6-ve value as we are moving cladding
downward7. Click Apply. Cladding will move keeping the length same as 18000mm.

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Figure 25.23 Vertical Offset for Cladding

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Figure 25.24 Cladding Position moved Vertically

Horizontal offset will move cladding away from its position. Practiacally cladding is
flushed to cladding runner. So value of horizontal offset will always be zero.

4. If width of drawn cladding is to be changed, then select the cladding. Click on .

Follow the procedure explained earlier for modifying slabs. This way width of cladding
can be changed.
25.3 Method-2 : 3D sketch

1. Earlier we had selected 2D Sketch as option for sketching path pf cladding 6see Figure
25.14 7. Now we will see how to sketch path by 3D sketch option.
Follow the same procedure for modelling cladding from section 25.1 till Figure 25.14

where system asks us to choose sketching method. Here select 3D sketch .

A toolbar will open at top.

Figure 25.25 Toolbar for 3D sketch

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2. By default create and add to path will be active. So draw

path in 3D environment. While drawing path, path-direction can be changed using

Path type button. In Ribbon bar different path types can be seen.

Figure 25.26 Path Type

So select start point as corner point of cladding runner.Start sketching path along the
edge of cladding runner. Path drawn will be seen as yellow line.

Figure 25.27 Path for cladding

3. Click on “Finish” button from toolbar. This will result in profile of Cladding.

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Figure 25.28 profile of cladding runner

4. If everything is correct. Again click on finish. The cladding will be placed.

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Figure 25.29 Cladding in Position

5. Now change properties of cladding such as NameRule, PBS 6if required7, Vertical offset
as explained in section 25.2 . The final output will be as shown in Figure 25.30 .

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Figure 25.30

25.4 Toggle Cladding Corner

We have modelled two claddings on adjacent faces. So to join them in corner,

Fly-out by holiding Place wall button till we see Toggle Wall Corner Operator Tool

Figure 25.31 Fly-out toolbar

Select the two claddings and Click on finish from vertical toolbar.

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Figure 25.32 Selecting two cladding faces

If there is gap at corner, it will get connected.

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26 Modelling Cut-Out in slab/grating/Cladding

Cut-out in Grating / Slab / Cladding are modelled for Pipes or Equipment. Our Filter is
defined for only Civil members. So first we will define workspace such that all piping
and mechanical equipments will be visible in model.

1. Go to File Define Workspace

From Filter dropdown menu, select more. A filter dialogue box will open up.

Figure 26.1

2. Click on My filters and create new filter.

Figure 26.2 Create new filter

3. A window of New filter properties will open. Name this as 1210-All. From the window

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under System tab select everything and click OK. Refer Figure 26.3

Figure 26.3 New Filter Properties Window

4. Now select newly added filter and click OK.

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Figure 26.4

5. Again Click on OK. Workspace is defined for all objects from all disciplines in model.

Figure 26.5 Workspace including objects from all disciplines

6. Now Clip the model to view second floor of structure.

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26.1 Method-1 – By Reference

Once grating/slab is modelled, then we need to add cut-out in it. That may be for
Equipment/Pipe. Now we will see how to add cut-out in Grating/Slab.

Refer Figure 26.6 . We will model cut-out for pipes passing through slab.

Figure 26.6

1. Click on “Place Opening” icon from vertical toolbar.

One toolbar will open at top.

Figure 26.7

2. First by default, system asks to select structure. See massage at bottom.

Figure 26.8

So,select Slab/Grating in which cut-out is to be modelled. Once we select

Slab/Grating, all tools from top toolbar are activated. And by default “select
boundaries” icon is activated. For Toolbar see Figure 26.9

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Figure 26.9

All these tools are explained in Figure 26.10

Figure 26.10

While selecting structure we have selected Slab/Grating, hence sketching plane will be
the same. Ignore “Define Orientation” icon. “Select Boundaries” allow us to select
boundary in form of Members 6beams7. So when definite shaped boundary is
available then one should go by this method. This method is explained in section
section 26.2

3. So now we have to add references. So ignoring select boundaries tool click on

add references to sketch icon. Now select pipes/equipment for which cut-out has to be
placed. We can select adjacent members as reference, so as to get better judgement
in 2D sketch.
See selected entities as reference in Figure 26.11

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Figure 26.11 Adding references to 2D sketch

4. Now click on Draw button. This will take us to 2D sketch window. See Figure 26.12

Figure 26.12 2D sketch window

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5. Click on Fit icon . Selected columns and Grids will appear in blue in this window.
Now if selected entities are not enough, and we have to add more references to the

sketch then, Click on “Add Potential sketch Landmarks” button from horizontal
toolbar. This will take us back to SP3D model window. Already selected members will
be retained in yellow colour. Select more entities that we require as reference. Once
selection is done, again click on Draw button. And all selected entities will appear
in “Draft 2D view” window.
6. Using tools available on vertical toolbar 6refer section 27.5 - Figure 27.1467 draw shape
of cut-out. Here we will add circular cut-out. Diameter/Radius of cutout can be entered
manually. See Figure 26.13 and Figure 26.14

Figure 26.13

Figure 26.14

7. Once all cut-out shapes are drawn, click on button from vertical toolbar. This will

take us back to SP3D model window. If the Profile drawn is correct. Click on
button. If modification in profile is required, again click on “Draw” button.

8. After Clicking , wireframe profile will be seen.

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Figure 26.15

9. If everything is correct click on Accept button. Then click Finish . Cut-out

will be modelled around selected pipe/equipment of said diameter.

Figure 26.16

26.2 Method-2- By Boundary

Now we will place cut-out by selecting boundary method.

1. Follow the same procedure as in section 26.1 till we come to active select
boundaries icon. 6i.e. step 37
2. Now select the closed set of boundaries where cut-out is to be modelled. See Figure
26.14 .

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Figure 26.17 selecting boundary

3. Click on Accept button.

The shape of cutout will be seen, as shown in Figure 26.18 .

Figure 26.18

4. Click on Finish . The cutout will be placed at the location.

Figure 26.19 Cut-out Placed

5. Similarly, same methos is followed either By Reference or By Boundary to place cutout

in Cladding/Wall. See Figure 26.20 to see cutout placed in Cladding.

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Figure 26.20

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27 Modelling Foundation

Now we will model various types of foundations during this exercise. All major types
of foundations will be covered here.

27.1 Isolated footing

We will start with basic type of foundation that is isolated footing + pedestal as
assembly.

There are three types of Isolated Footing+ pedestal assembly that can be placed.
These are explained with dimensional legend below

a. RectPierAndSlabFtg

Figure 27.1

b. CircularPierAndSlabFtg

Figure 27.2

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c. CircularPierAndRectSlabFtg

Figure 27.3

As per requirement any one of these three can be selected.

27.1.1 Placing footing by member

1. Select “Place Footing” button from vertical toolbar. This will open “Select
Footing” window 6Figure 27.4 Error! Reference source not found.Error! Reference
source not found.Error! Reference source not found.Error! Reference source not
found.Error! Reference source not found.Error! Reference source not found.Error!
Reference source not found.Error! Reference source not found.Error! Reference
source not found.Error! Reference source not found.7

Figure 27.4

2. Expand hierarchy as shown.

Assemblies Single Pier And Slab Footing Asm

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Figure 27.5

Remember that Isolated Footing +pedestal should

be modelled using “Pier And Slab Footing Asm”.

3. We will select “RectPierAndSlabFootingAsm” for footing and click OK.

One toolbar will open at top.

Figure 27.6 Toolbar for “place footing”

As we have modelled columns before footing, Placement method here will be “By
Member”.

Figure 27.7

The “System” option is to place the footing in PBS.

We will place this footing in “1210 CIVIL 1210-Concrete 1210-CONC-BELOW GL

1210-CONC-BELOW GL-Footing”.

To do so, in System option click on “more” in drop down list, travel to path in PBS. And
click OK. 6Figure 27.9 7

Figure 27.8

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Figure 27.9 Location in PBS system for footing

In Name option write name for Footing “F1”.

Completed toolbar will look as shown in Figure 27.10

Figure 27.10 Completed Toolbar

4. Now select the column member for which this footing is to be placed. Here we have
selected column on Grid 1-D which is C29.

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Figure 27.11 Column selection

5. After selecting column, click on button from top toolbar.

Figure 27.12

This will show preview for footing as shown in Figure 27.13

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Figure 27.13

6. If preview is as per requirement then click “finish” button from same toolbar.

Figure 27.14

With this footing will be placed at the given location. The same can be seen in Figure 27.15

Footing will be modelled with default dimensions.

These dimensions can be changed after
modelling.

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Figure 27.15 Modelled Footing

If you again select “Place Footing”, then all properties of previously modelled
footing will be there.

The above modelled footing in PBS system will be with the “F1” name.

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Figure 27.16 Footing F1 in PBS system

We have modelled footing as assembly; hence there are components under F1. To see
those components, Select F1 from PBS as shown in Figure 27.17 Right click and select
“Properties”

Figure 27.17

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“Footing Properties” window will open. In “Occurrence” tab modelled footing components
can be seen 6Refer Figure 27.18 7

Figure 27.18 Properties table for footing

This Footing will be in Relationship with Column on Grid 1-D which is C29. To see the
relationship, go to “Relationship” tab in same “Footing Properties” window. Components
of footing can be seen here also.

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Figure 27.19 Properties table for footing

As the footing is placed by “By Member” method, it is in relationship with the

selected column. If column is deleted footing will get deleted.

These components represent pedestal, footing and grout. This is explained better in Figure
27.20in PBS from workspace explorer.

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Figure 27.20 Components of footing in PBS system

27.1.2 Changing Properties of Pedestal Component

The modelled footing has default name and dimension. So now we will see how to
change the dimension and name.
1. Select pedestal component of footing assembly, here F1, from workspace explorer.
Right click and select “Properties”

Figure 27.21

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“Footing Component Properties” window will open for selected pedestal component.

2. To change name of pedestal component-

Select “Occurrence” tab in “Footing Component Properties”. Change Name rule to
“User Defined” from drop down list.

Figure 27.22 Properties window for Pedestal component

Now change the Name of pedestal. As we have modelled footing for concrete column,
Pedestal name will be name of column. Here it is C29.

Figure 27.23

This is the name of pedestal that will appear on Layout Drawing. If the column is
Steel column, then pedestal component name will be PD1, PD2 … For Concrete
column we will keep name of pedestal component same as column.

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3. The material for pedestal should be Concrete and grade same as grade of concrete
used in project for footing. The same can be changed in “Footing Component
Properties” window under “occurrence” tab using drop down list. Refer Figure 27.24 .

Figure 27.24

Here we will make grade of concrete as C30. Click “Apply”.

4. Now to change dimension of pedestal, change “Pier Sizing Rule” from Derived to
“User Defined” from drop down list of the same “Footing Component Properties”
window. See Figure 27.25 .

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Figure 27.25 Changing Dimension of Footing component

5. Click “Apply”. Now dimension can be edited and can be changed as per requirement.
Here we make it 600mmx600mm with pedestal height as 250mm.

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Figure 27.26 Changing Dimension of Footing component

Click Apply OK. The pedestal size will change and will get reflected in model.

27.1.3 Changing Properties of Footing Slab Component

Now we will change name and dimension of Footing slab component.

1. Select Footing slab component of footing assembly, from workspace explorer.
Right click and select “Properties”

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Figure 27.27

“Footing Component Properties” window will open for selected Footing Slab
component.

Figure 27.28 Properties window for Slab component

2. To change name of footing slab component select “Occurrence” tab in “Footing

Component Properties”. Change Name rule to “User Defined” from drop down list and
change the Name of Slab. Here we will change it to F1. See Figure 27.29 and Figure
27.30

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Figure 27.29

Figure 27.30

Remember, In beginning we have given Name As “F1” to the Footing Assembly.

The name is for mere Identification. Here we have given Name F1 to Footing Slab
component, which will appear in Layout Drawing.

3. The material for footing should be Concrete and grade same as grade of concrete
used in project for footing. The same can be changed in “Footing Component
Properties” window under “occurrence” tab using drop down list. Refer Figure 27.31

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Figure 27.31 Property window for Footing slab component

Here we will make grade of concrete as C30. Click “Apply”

4. Now to change dimension of footing slab, change “Slab Sizing Rule” from Derived to
“User Defined” from drop down list of the same “Footing Component Properties”
window, as done for pedestal in section 27.1.2
Once we change sizing rule,dimension can be edited and can be changed as per
requirement. Here we make it 1500X1500 mm with Footing slab thickness 500mm.

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Figure 27.32

5. Click Apply OK. The Footing Slab size will change and will get reflected in model.
27.1.4 Changing properties for Grout Component
Now we will see more about properties of grout component.

1. Select grout component of footing assembly from workspace explorer. Right

click Properties

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Figure 27.33

This will open “Footing Properties window” for selected Grout component

Figure 27.34 property window for grout component

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2. Go to “Occurrence” tab. To change name of Grout component change “Name Rule” to

User Defined and change name of grout component. Here we make it Grout-1. Refer
Figure 27.35 and Figure 27.36 .

Figure 27.35

Figure 27.36

3. The material for grout should be “Grout”. This can be changed in drop down list for
Grout Material in “Footing Component Properties” window.

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Figure 27.37

4. Now we will see how to change dimensions of Grout component. This will be
applicable in case where footing is modelled for steel column. To change dimension of
Grout, change “Grout sizing Rule” to User Defined.

Figure 27.38

Click “Apply”. Now dimension can be edited and can be changed as per requirement.

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We need to modify Grout dimensions if the footing is placed below Steel

Columns.If Footing is placed for concrete column, then Grout dimensions
need not be modified.

Here, as column is concrete column, we will keep grout dimension default.

5. For concrete column, grout should not appear between column and pedestal. So we
will turn Grout Pad off. To do so, select “Footing component” from PBS system. Right
click and select properties.

Figure 27.39

In “Footing Properties” window under “Occurrence” tab make “With Grout Pad” as
“False”. Refer Figure 27.40.

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Figure 27.40

To make it False, click on “True” and uncheck. Refer Figure 27.41 and Figure 27.42

Figure 27.41

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Figure 27.42

Now click on “Apply” and OK. Grout will be turned off from Footing for Concrete
column.

27.1.5 Placing footing by point

So far we have seen, placing member with “By Member” method. It is possible to use
this method if columns are modelled already. If there is no column modelled then we
can place footing with “By Point” method.

The method for placing footings by point is normally used to place footings
relative to grid intersections- before the placement of members.

We will see now how this is done.

1. First open “Pin-point” ribbon. Click Tools PinPoint. OR click on button from
horizontal top toolbar.
This will open pin-point ribbon.

Figure 27.43

Figure 27.44 PinPoint Ribbon

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2. On PinPoint Ribbon make sure that Coordinate System is Global and Rectangular
Coordinates System is on. See Figure 27.45

Figure 27.45

Now to place footing where column is not modelled, we have to select point by giving
co-ordinates of the point.

Say we have to place footing at 4m distance on east side of selected column as

shown in Figure 27.46

Figure 27.46 Plan view

3. Now follow the same procedure for placing footing as done in section 27.1.1. Select
the required type of footing from “Select Footing” window. 6Here we keep same as
“RectPierAndSlabFootingAsm”7. Select system from PBS.
While selecting placement method select “By Point”.

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Figure 27.47 selecting method “By Point”

We will name it as “F2”.

So completed tool bar will look like this.

Figure 27.48 completed toolbar

4. To select point, first click on “Reposition Target” from Pin Point Ribbon.

Figure 27.49 Reposition Target

This makes the first click in model screen as origin with coordinate 60,07 . So select
suitable point as origin. Here we select intersection point of Grid 1-D.

Figure 27.50 selecting suitable origin

When we click on point, coordinates on Pinpoint ribbon will be,

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Figure 27.51 Coordinates on PinPoint Ribbon

Now, we have to entre coordinate of the point where we have to place footing.
Coordinate of this point will be, E 6east7 =4.0m N 6north7 =0.0m and El 6elevation7
=0.0m. from the local origin that we have set.
Coordinates of points are entered with help of “F6”, “F7” and “F8” keys of keyboard.
Key “F6” to lock/unlock East coordinate.
Key “F7” to lock/unlock North coordinate.
Key “F8” to lock/unlock Elevation coordinate.

Do not move mouse before locking desired co-ordinates. Alternatively, co-

ordinate value can be entered manually & lock button can be pressed.

Now we will see how to enter the coordinate with help of these keys.

5. The origin is set to point on Grid 1-D, when we move cursor to this point, coordinates
of this point can be seen by keeping “Display On/Off” button. 6Refer Figure 27.52 and
Figure 27.53 7

Figure 27.52

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Figure 27.53

6. Now press “F6” key, this will make coordinate ribbon look as shown in Figure 27.54

Figure 27.54 East coordinate locked

This means that East coordinate is locked.

7. Enter the east coordinate 6here 4m7

Figure 27.55 East coordinate locked

The East coordinate is locked. If we move cursor it is seen that only north and
elevation coordinates are changing.

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Figure 27.56

8. Now to entre north coordinate press “F7” key, this will lock North coordinate.

Figure 27.57 East and North coordinate locked

9. Enter North coordinate 6here 0m7

Figure 27.58 East and North coordinate locked

Now East and North coordinates are locked. Now the cursor will move only in vertical
plane that means elevation coordinate is changing.

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Figure 27.59

10. Now to enter Elevation coordinate press “F8” key. This will lock elevation coordinate.

Figure 27.60 East, North and Elevation coordinate locked

11. Enter Elevation of point from origin 6here it is 0m7. Now completed ribbon will look as
shown in Figure 27.61

Figure 27.61 East, North and Elevation coordinate locked

Its representation on screen will be as shown in Figure 27.62

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Figure 27.62

12. We have entered the coordinates for placement of footing. Click on screen. Preview of
footing will be seen.

Figure 27.63

13. Click on button. And click on finish.

Figure 27.64

Footing is place at desired location at 4m distance on east face of column.

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Figure 27.65 final output

Figure 27.66 final output

14. Properties of the footing that is name, size, material and grade can be changed as
explained above in section 27.1.2 , 27.1.3 and 27.1.4.

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27.2 Isolated Footing 9modelling pedestal and footing separately:

So far we have seen modelling isolated footing as assembly. Now we will see how to
model pedestal and footing separately for isolated footing. This methos can be useful
where we just have to model pedestal or slab footing.

27.2.1 Modelling pedestal

“PierFootingAsm” contains the pedestal assembly of two types. They are explained
below.

a. RectPierFootingAsm / BoundedRectPierFootingAsm

Figure 27.67

b. CircularPierFootingAsm/ BoundedCircPierFootingAsm

Figure 27.68

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27.2.1.1 Placing Pedestal Method 1.

1. Select “Place Footing” button from vertical toolbar. Since, we have already
modelled footing, so a toolbar with data of previous modelled footing will be there.
In toolbar of footing, system will remain same as selected for previously modelled
footing. So no need of changing it. In “Type” click more in drop down list.

Figure 27.69

2. Now here we are modelling pedestal.

So from “Select Footing” window expand to Assemblies Single Pier FootingAsm.

Figure 27.70 select type of pedestal

3. Select “RectPierFootingAsm”. And Click OK.

4. Write Name for pedestal assembly PD3. Completed toolbar will look as shown below.

Figure 27.71 completed toolbar

5. Select member for which, pedestal is to be placed. Here we select column on Grid 2-D

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Figure 27.72 selecting member

6. Click on button. This will show wireframe profile of pedestal.

Figure 27.73

7. Click on “Finish” button.

Figure 27.74

Pedestal is placed below desired column. This Pedestal Assembly will be in

relationship with the column.

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Figure 27.75

8. Properties of the Pedestal Assembly can be seen and altered in “Footing Properties”
window as explained above in section 27.1.1
9. Individual properties of Pedestal Components like Material, grade, dimension, Name
shall be changed as explained above in section 27.1.2 , 27.1.3 and 27.1.4.
27.2.1.2 Placing Pedestal Method 2.

In method 1 6section 27.2.1.1 7 while selecting Pedestal type, we selected

“RectPierFootingAsm” as footing. Now we will see the meaning of “Bounded”
assembly.
If we see in section 27.2.1 the Dimensional Legends for both the types are same.
Then what is the difference?

We will see the difference here with example.

We will place a Pedestal Assembly of “BoundedRectPierFootingAsm” type.

1. Select “Place Footing” from vertical toolbar.

2. From horizontal top toolbar click on Type drop down list and select “More...”

Figure 27.76

3. Select “BoundedRectPierFootingAsm” as shown in Figure 27.77 . Then Click OK.

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Figure 27.77

4. Write Name as “PD4”. This is name of Pedestal Assembly. The system will be same as
for previously modelled footing. So completed toolbar will be as shown in Figure 27.78

Figure 27.78 completed toolbar

5. Now select member to place footing. By default this button is on and allows us to
select members for placing footing.

Figure 27.79

6. Once we select members, button adjacent to it of “Select Bottom Plane” becomes

active. See Figure 27.80. Click on that button, It will allow us to select plane.

Figure 27.80

Here select bottom plane means select the plane where bottom of pedestal 6in case of
concrete column, Column7 will rest. If the bottom of all footings is same, then bottom
of any adjacent footing can be selected. If elevation plane is created for this level,

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then that should be selected. We will select bottom plane of adjacent slab footing
component.

Figure 27.81 selecting bottom plane

Once we select the plane, wireframe preview of pedestal will be seen as in Figure
27.81.

7. Click on and Finish. The pedestal assembly is modelled. This Pedestal Assembly
is in relationship with column and selected bottom plane.

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Figure 27.82

8. Properties of the Pedestal Assembly can be seen and altered in “Footing Properties”
window as explained above in section 27.1.1
9. Individual properties of Pedestal Components like Material, grade, dimension, Name
shall be changed as explained in earlier in section 27.1.2, 27.1.3 and 27.1.4.
We have seen how to model Pedestal Assembly by both methods and the difference
in procedure. What difference does it make in properties? We will see it now in detail.

In properties window for Pedestal Assembly PD4, go to “Relationship” tab. It shows

Supported and Supporting planes.

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Figure 27.83 properties window for footing

This indicated that modelled pedestal assembly is in relationship with column and
selected bottom plane.

Now select pedestal component of Pedestal Assembly from PBS. Right click and
select “Properties”. Make “Pier Sizing Rule” to user defined as explained in section
27.1.2 .

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Figure 27.84 properties of footing

This means that bounded type of pedestal assembly is modelled using two planes.
When we select member 6column7, bottom of that column becomes supported plane,
and selection of bottom plane 6supporting plane7 becomes mandatory for placing this
type of assembly.

27.2.2 Modelling Footing Slab

Under “Slab FootingAsm” 2 types of Footing slab can be placed. They are explained
below.

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a. “RectSlabFootingAsm”

Figure 27.85

b. “CitcularSlabFootingAsm”

Figure 27.86
Now we will see how to place the Footing slab under already modeled pedestals 6section
27.2.17, so isolated footing is completed.

1. Select “Place Footing” button from vertical toolbar. Since, we have already
modelled pedestal, so a toolbar with data of previous modelled footing will be there.
2. In toolbar of footing, system will remain same as selected for previously modelled
footing. In “Type” click more in drop down list.

Figure 27.87

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1. Now we are modelling here Footing Slab.

So from “Select Footing” window expand to Assemblies Single Slab FootingAsm.
Refer Figure 27.88

Figure 27.88

We will select “RectSlabFootingAsm”. And Click OK.

2. Write Name for Slab assembly F4, as we will place this under pedestal PD4.
Completed toolbar will look as shown below.

Figure 27.89

3. As we are modelling pedestal and slab footing of isolated footing separately, while
placing slab footing the placement method will be “by point”.
So select “By point” as placement method.

Figure 27.90

While placing slab footing/ pedestal “By Point” method, first make
sure that “PinPoint Ribbon is active”. To activate PinPoint Ribbon
go to Tools PinPoint. Refer section 27.1.5 for more details of
this ribbon.

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This footing slab can be placed directly under column also. That time the
method will be “By Member“ method. And footing slab will be in relationship
with selected column.

4. After selecting placement method, click on “Reposition Target” from PinPoint Ribbon
and set origin to bottom plane of column 6at Grid intersection7 Refer Figure 27.92

Figure 27.91 “Reposition Target”

Figure 27.92 “Reposition Target”

When we select the point as origin its coordinate becomes E=0.00m N=0.00m and
EL=0.00m

Figure 27.93 coordinates from PinPoint Ribbon

5. Now set coordinates of the point to where we have to place slab footing. That will be
coordinates of top centre of slab that will merge with bottom centre of pedestal. Here
as the depth of pedestal PD4 is 1.5m, coordinates of point where slab footing is to be
placed will be E=0.00m, N=0.00m and EL. = -1.50m
Using “F6”, “F7” and “F8” keys as explained earlier in section 27.1.5
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Figure 27.94

Wireframe layout of footing will be seen as shown below in Figure 27.95

Figure 27.95

6. Click on and select “Finish”. The footing slab will be placed below pedestal.

Figure 27.96

7. Now select “F4” from PBS system in workspace explorer. Right click Properties.

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Figure 27.97

In “Footing Properties” window properties of slab footing can be viewed.

8. Now go to “Relationship” tab. It is seen that the placed slab footing has no relation
with any other structural member as it is placed by point method. Under the same tab
components of slab footing can be seen.

Figure 27.98 Properties window for footing slab

Here, Slab Footing is assembly of slab footing component and

grout component, So whenever Grout is not required we have to
turn “Grout Pad” off by making it “False” as explained in section
27.1.4

9. Properties of each component like Name, Dimension, Material and Grade can be
viewed or changed as explained in section 27.1.3 and 27.1.4.

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27.3 Combined Footing

Now we will see how to model Combined footing for two or more columns.

Combined footing consists of two or more pedestals on same footing slab. So these
pedestals shall be modelled as separate pedestal assembly by By Member or By Point
method 6section 27.27. The slab below pedestals will be modelled as separate Slab
Footing Assembly by By Point method as explained in section 27.2.2.

27.4 Modelling Pile and Pile Cap.

Now we will move to Pile and Pile Cap type of foundation.

Firstly we will see how to model Piles.

27.4.1 Modelling Pile

In SP3D environment piles are modelled as Concrete Columns. We will see the
procedure now step by step.

1. Select “Place Linear Member System” button from vertical toolbar. Toolbar will
open at top as shown below.

Figure 27.99

2. What parameters we have to set while modelling pile, we will see now.
In Toolbar-2, 6for larger view see Figure 27.104 7 select Connection type as
“unsupported”.

Figure 27.100

“System” tab will let you to select PBS system where we have to place pile. So select
drop down list and click on More…

Figure 27.101

We will place piles in 1210 Civil 1210-Concrete 1210-CONC-BELOW GL 1210-

CONC-BELOW GL-Piles. So travel to this path and click OK. Refer Figure 27.102
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Figure 27.102

Now as said earlier we will set Type category as Column. And Set Type as Column.

Figure 27.103

Pile in SP3D should be defined as “COLUMN”. Otherwise they will

not appear in respective drawing.

So the completed Toolbar-2 will look like Figure 27.104 .

Figure 27.104 completed toolbar-2

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In Toolbar-3 6for larger view see Figure 27.107 7 we will set properties for Cross
Section.
In Section name in drop down list select More…

Figure 27.105

“Shapes” window will open. Go to Shapes Concrete_Shapes. Under these shapes,

Circular and Rectangular shapes of different sizes with 25mm minimal increment are
covered in catalogue. So user can select suitable dimension for Pile. Here we go with
circular pile with diameter 700mm.

Figure 27.106 selecting cross section for pile

Select the same and click OK.

Set Cardinal Point as 5-center. Cardinal Points are explained in section 11.

Angle and mirror parameters will be default for this case.

After completion toolbar-3 will be as shown in Figure 27.107.

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Figure 27.107

All parameters are set. Now we have to place pile in model.

3. See that “PinPoint” Ribbon is active.

4. Click on “Reposition Target” button and set origin to grid intersection where
column is placed. See Figure 27.108

Figure 27.108 Reposition Target

5. We will be placing Piles with Top and Bottom point coordinates.

Now for a project, bottom of pile cap is decided and is kept same as far as possible.
So using this level, we will decide coordinates for top centre point for placing Pile.

Let the bottom of pile cap be 1.5m below ground level. And Pile cut off is 50mm
inside Pile cap. This part of Pile is embedded in Pile, So top most point of Pile will be
1.45m below GL.

So coordinates for top point of pile will be

East = 0.00m
North = 0.00m
Elevation = -1.450m.
These coordinates are relative to origin set as shown in Figure 27.109

As explained in section 0 using “F6”, “F7” and “F8” keys entre coordinates.

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Figure 27.109

6. Click in model workspace. Wireframe layout will be seen with its Top point fixed.

Figure 27.110

7. Now to place pile we have to enter its bottom point coordinates.

Say length of pile is 18m, so coordinated of bottom point of pile with respect to the
origin as set above, will be
East =0.00m
North= 0.00m
Elevation = -19.45m

Enter these coordinates using “F6”, “F7” and “F8” keys.

Figure 27.111

Wireframe layout of pile will be seen as shown in Figure 27.112

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Figure 27.112

8. Click on workspace area. Pile will be placed below said column.

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Figure 27.113

9. Go to workspace explorer, from PBS system select Pile. Right click Properties.

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Figure 27.114

10. Select Name Rule and change it to “UhDefaultNameRule” click Apply. Name will be
changed to P-01. The properties can be viewed as shown in Figure 27.115 and Figure
27.116.

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Figure 27.115

Figure 27.116

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Now case may arise, that we may have to change length of Pile. So now we will see
how to increase or decrease length of pile.

Here, to change length of pile we will move framed connection of Pile.

1. Click on select tool from vertical toolbar. Select “Framed Connection” from “locate
filter“ as shown in Figure 27.117

Figure 27.117 Locate Filter

This selection will allow us to select only framed connection of any member.

2. Select Framed Connection of top or bottom of Pile depending on from where length
should be changed.
Here we will make length of Pile 12m, so keeping cut-off level of Pile same, we will
move framed connection of bottom. So select the same.

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Figure 27.118 selecting framed connection

3. Select “Move” from top toolbar. Once we click on Move button, plane for
selected framed connection will appear as shown in Figure 27.119

Figure 27.119

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4. Make sure that PinPoint Ribbon is active. Using “Reposition Target” set local
origin to the bottom of pile. See Figure 27.120

Figure 27.120

5. Now we have to reduce length by 6m so the coordinate of point where new bottom
point of pile will be
East = 0.00m
North= 0.00m
EL= 6.00m
Using “F6”, “F7”, and “F8” keys enter coordinates of point.

Figure 27.121

Plane for bottom framed connection will move as shown in Figure 27.122

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Figure 27.122

6. Click on model workspace area. The Length of Pile will get reduced.
This can be checked in Properties window of Pile as explained above. See Figure
27.123.

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Figure 27.123 Property window for Pile

7. Similarly, by selecting suitable Local Origin and determining coordinate with respect to
it, 2 piles per column or any combination can be placed using PinPoint Ribbon.

Figure 27.124

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27.4.2 Modelling Pile Cap

Now we will see how to place pile cap.

Pile cap for pile is modelled as Isolated Footing only. We can model Pedetsal and
pilecap as one assembly refer section 27.1 or PileCap as separate slab footing
assembly refer section 27.2.

Location for Pilecap in PBS system will be 1210 Civil 1210-Concrete 1210-
CONC-BELOW GL 1210-CONC-BELOW GL-PileCap

Travel this path as shown in Figure 27.125

Figure 27.125

Properties for Pilecap can be edited or viewed. To do so, Select the pile cap from PBS
system. Right click Properties. Refer Figure 27.126 and Figure 27.127

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Figure 27.126

Figure 27.127

Similarly, Properties of each component can also be viewed or changed 6Refer section
27.1.2 , 27.1.3 and 27.1.4 7

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27.5 Modelling Raft/many piles-pile cap

Raft or many pile-pile cap is modelled as slab.

Let’s say we have to model Raft for columns on Grid A-2,B-2, A-3, B-3, A-4, B-4 as
shown in figure Figure 27.128

Figure 27.128

1. Model pedestals under these columns as explained in section 27.2.

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Figure 27.129

Since we are modelling Raft for coulmns, we will place these pedestals in PBS system
under Raft. So the location will be 1210 Civil 1210-Concrete 1210-CONC-
BELOW GL 1210-CONC-BELOW GL-Raft. So Place these pedestals at this location.

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Figure 27.130

2. In Properties window, change Name Rule, Name, material and grade for Pedestal.
Make sure that System location is as given above. If not, same can be changed in
“Occurrence” tab. Change Grout Pad “True” or “False” as per requirement.

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Figure 27.131

3. Now to model Raft, Click on “Place Slab” button from vertical toolbar. One toolbar
will appear at the top.

Figure 27.132

Figure 27.133

4. Toolbar from Figure 27.133 allows us to select the plane for slab and PSB system for
placing Raft. So select “Coincident” as plane method. For System tab click on
“More…” from dropdown list and travel to path 1210 Civil 1210-Concrete 1210-
CONC-BELOW GL 1210-CONC-BELOW GL-Raft.

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Figure 27.134

Figure 27.135

5. Toolbar from Figure 27.136 allows us to select Type of slab, Composition, Face position
and thickness of slab.

Figure 27.136

In Type select “General Slab”

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Figure 27.137 selecting type of slab

Composition will be “Imported Slab”. Keep Face position as “Bottom” and enter
thickness. Here we will keep Raft thickness as 750mm.

So the toolbar will look as shown in Figure 27.138

Figure 27.138

6. Toolbar from Figure 27.139 allows us to place Slab.

Figure 27.139

By default when we click on “Place Slab” button from vertical toolbar. “Define Plane”
is active. So select the plane where we place Raft. Here Raft will be at bottom of
pedestal. So we will select bottom plane of Pedestal.

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Figure 27.140

After selection, the selected plane is highlighted in Yellow colour.

Figure 27.141

7. Then Next button is “Define Plane for custom sketching“. When we click on this button,
at bottom of SP3D window, command appears.

Figure 27.142

So we need not select any plane.

8. Now click on next button i.e. “Define Boundaries”. A toolbar as shown in Figure 27.143
will be added.

Figure 27.143

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9. Click on “Add references to sketch 2D” button from that toolbar. And select the
column for which we have to place raft. Also select Grids. These selected members will
help us in drawing outline of Raft in 2D sketch.

Figure 27.144 selecting reference

10. Now click on Draw button. This will open “Draft 2D view” window.

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Figure 27.145 2D sketch window

11. Click on Fit button . Selected columns and Grids will appear in blue in this window.
12. Now if selected entities are not enough, and we have to add more references to the

sketch then, Click on “Add Potential sketch Landmarks” button from horizontal
toolbar. This will take us back to SP3D model window. Already selected members will
be retained in yellow colour. Select more entities that we require as reference. Once
selection is done, again click on Draw button. And all selected entities will appear
in “Draft 2D view” window.
13. Now we have to draw outline of Raft using Line, Offset, Trim, extend command. These
and other tools from vertical toolbar are explained below in Figure 27.146

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Figure 27.146 2D sketch tools

Using these tools draw Raft profile. Let the offset from each column be 600mm.

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Figure 27.147

14. Once the profile of Raft is ready, Click on “Close” button from horizontal toolbar.

Figure 27.148

This will take us back to SP3D model window. If the Profile drawn is correct.

15. Click on button. If modification in profile is required, again click on “Draw”

button. After Clicking , wireframe profile will be seen.

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Figure 27.149

16. Now click “Finish” . Raft will be placed at desired location.

Figure 27.150

17. Now select the Raft from PBS system. Right Click Properties.

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Figure 27.151

18. Make Name Rule Uhde Default. In Dropdown list select “UhDefaultNameRule” and
click “Apply”.

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Figure 27.152 Properties window for Slab

19. If the thickness has to be changed, then go to “Layer” tab in Properties window. And
change thickness of Raft.

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Figure 27.153 changing thickness

Click “OK”. Thickness will be modified.

27.6 Modelling Irregular shape foundation/Pile-cap

So far we have modelled as typical shape Rectangular Pile Cap. But it is possible that
we may have to model irregular shaped pilecap or foundation. Now we will see how to
model such pile cap.
Our aim is to understand the procedure with example shown in Figure 27.154 .

Figure 27.154

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Irregular shaped foundation/Pile-cap is modelled as “Civil Equipment”.

Say, we model this foundation for column on Grid A-1.

1. Click on “Place Designed Equipment” button from vertical toolbar. A window

“Select Equipment type” will open.

Figure 27.155

2. Expand to Equipment Civil Miscellaneous. Select Miscellaneous and click OK.

Figure 27.156

3. After clicking OK, one more window of “Design Equipment Properties” will open.

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Figure 27.157 Property window for Design Equipment

4. Here we enter properties for Pile cap/foundation.

Keep Name Rule as “User Defined”. Enter Name as name of pile cap say PC03. In
system click “More…” from drop down list. Select the location in PBS system to
place this equipment foundation. Since, we are modelling Plie-Cap using “Designed
Equipment” Method so we will place this under “Pile-Cap-Equip”. If it is foundation
modelled using this method, then location will be “Footing-Equip”.

Figure 27.158

Now travel to path 1210 Civil 1210-Concrete 1210-CONC-BELOW GL 1210-

CONC-BELOW GL-Pile-Cap-Equip.

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Figure 27.159 location in PBS system

Select the location and click OK.

5. Now go to “Definition” tab in same window. Make “Equipment

classification 0” as Civil Equipment. And click OK. See Figure 27.160.

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Figure 27.160

If Designed Equipment is not defined as “Civil Equipment” then it

will not appear in civil drawings.

6. When we click OK, this will appear on model area. This

point refers to the origin of designed equipment. So place it at bottom of column 6or
intersection of grid7 for which we are modelling pile-cap/foundation.

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Figure 27.161

7. Once we click on Screen “Designed Equipment” icon will appear in PBS

system under selected location as in Properties window. The PBS system will look as
shown in Figure 27.162

Figure 27.162

8. Now Expand the Fly-out by holding down the icon on the vertical toolbar.

9. Select the Place Designed Equipment Component icon.

Figure 27.163

10. Select “Designed Equipment” 6here PC037 from PBS system as Parent
for component.

Figure 27.164 selecting Parent from PBS system

Once we select this, a window “Select Equipment Component type” will open.

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Figure 27.165 window to select type of equipment

11. In the Select Equipment Component type dialog, choose any Equipment Component.
Type of the Component does not matter.
So expand and choose any equipment.

Figure 27.166

Click OK.

This will open one window of “Designed Equipment Component Properties”.

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Figure 27.167 Property window for Design Equipment Component

12. In “Occurrence” tab, make Name Rule as User defined and enter
Name.

Figure 27.168

13. Let the rest of option remain same. Click OK.

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14. When we click OK, this will appear on model area. This
point refers to the origin of designed equipment component. So place it at bottom of
column 6or intersection of grid7 for which we are modelling pile-cap/foundation.

Figure 27.169

When we place origin for “Designed Equipment” Or “Designed

Equipment Component”, Origin can be placed using PinPointRibbon
also. If there is no point available in model area for selection, then
origin can be selected by entering coordinates in PinPoint Ribbon.

15. Once we click on Screen “Designed Equipment Component” icon will

appear in PBS system under selected Parent. The PBS system will look as shown in
Figure 27.170

Figure 27.170 PBS system for Design Equipment

16. Now Expand the Fly-out by holding down the icon on the vertical toolbar. Select

the Place Designed Solid icon.

Figure 27.171

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17. Select Pile cap PC03 i.e. Designed Equipment Component as Parent,
from PBS system. Once we select Parent for Solid, its icon will appear under selected
parent. So PBS will look as shown below in Figure 27.172

Figure 27.172

Here Origin is by default selected to the origin of Designed Equipment Component.

18. Select Solid from PBS system, Right click Properties. Under
“Occurrence” tab change Name Rule as User Defined and Rename.

Figure 27.173 Property window for Solid

Click “Apply”.

In “Relationship” tab parent of the solid can be seen. See attached Figure 27.174

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Figure 27.174

Now workspace should resemble the same as in Figure 27.175

Figure 27.175

19. Now hold down “Place shape” icon till window appears.
Different shapes can be placed by using this tool. This is explained below in Figure
27.176

Figure 27.176

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20. Now to place pile-cap/foundation, we will divide shape as Rectangular

part and truncated part. See Figure 27.176 .
21. First select “Rectangular solid” shape. Select solid “Pile cap PC03
shape” as parent for the shape.

Figure 27.177 selecting parent for shape

22. When we select parent, a “Shape Properties” window will open.

Figure 27.178 shape property

In this window, origin of shape, local axes of shape and dimensional legends for
shape are shown. Enter the desired values for A,B and C.

We will place this shape such that the origin of the shape is below point of intersection
of grid or bottom centre of column. So the longer side B is along Y axis.
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To place the pile-cap as shown in beginning,the dimensions will be:

A= 1250mm 6assuming tie beam width as 200mm so A= 550+900-2007
B= 4100mm 6B= 1500+1500+550+550 7
C= 750mm 6thickness of pile-cap assuming thickness as 750 mm 7

23. Set Name Rule to user defined and Name this shape as Shape-1 and
Click OK.

Figure 27.179

When we click OK, a wireframe profile will appear on screen.

Figure 27.180

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24. We can see that the origin is on left face. We want it to be below grid
intersection point that means the origin should be on right face. So we will rotate this
shape about Y axis. Here Blue line shows the active axis. So to rotate it about Y axis,
we will make Y axis active.
25. To do so use Up and down arrow key from keyboard. Press once Up
arrow key, Y axis will turn blue. That means now the shape will rotate about Y axis.

Figure 27.181

26. To rotate shape, use Left and right arrow key from keyboard.
27. Now press Left arrow key once, the shape will rotate as shown in Figure
27.182

Figure 27.182

28. Press same key once more, and shape will be on the position as shown
in Figure 27.183

Figure 27.183

To change selection axes: use UP AND DOWN ARROW KEY. active

axis will be highlighted in blue colour
To rotate about selected axes: use LEFT AND RIGTH ARROW KEY.

Figure 27.183 is our desired position of shape.

29. Now to place this shape at location we will enter coordinates for origin
of shape using PinPoint Ribbon. Set origin at bottom of column using “Reposition
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Target” button.
30. The Origin of shape is now at centre Right face of shape. So the
coordinates for origin of shape from bottom of column will be
East = -200mm
North = 0mm
Elevation = -1125mm 6assuming pedestal height =750mm and origin of shape is at
centre of face, so 750+750/2 = 1125mm below bottom of column7
Using “F6”, “F7” and “F8” keys of keyboard enter coordinates.

Figure 27.184 coordinates on PinPoint Ribbon

31. Click on screen. The rectangular shape of Pile-Cap will be placed.

Figure 27.185 Rectangular shape in position

The PBS system will be as shown in Figure 27.186

Figure 27.186 PBS for placed shape

Now, modelling triangular part of pile-cap.

1. Click on “Place shape” button. Last selected shape icon will be the
icon for this tool on vertical toolbar. Fly-out by holding this key again “shape” window
will open.
2. Select “Truncated Rectangular prism shape” from window.

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Figure 27.187

3. Select “Pile cap PC03 shape” as parent for this shape. Under same
solid many shapes can be placed. Once we select parent, shape properties window for
selected shape will open.

Figure 27.188 Properties window for shape

4. Enter the name and dimensions in the window.

5. Now we will be placing this shape such that the origin for Rectangular
shape and this shape will be coincident. Accordingly values for dimensions will be
A= 750mm 6thickness of pile-cap7
B= 4100mm 6same as B of rectangular shape7

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C= 750mm 6thickness of pile-cap7

D= 2000mm
E= 2800mm 6 1100+1500+200, assuming 400 as width of tie beam7

Name this as Shape-2. Completed window will be as seen in Figure 27.189

Figure 27.189 Completed Properties window

6. Click OK.
Wireframe profile of the selected shape will appear.

Figure 27.190

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As the Origin for shape and position of shape is as required, there is no need to rotate
shape.

7. Now we will enter coordinates in PinPoint Ribbon.

East = -200mm
North= 0mm
Elevation= -1125mm

Figure 27.191

8. Click on screen. The shape will be placed.See Figure 27.193

Figure 27.192

Figure 27.193

In PBS system, we can see 2 different shapes modelled under Solid shape.

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Figure 27.194 PBS for Pile cap

Thus the Irregular shaped 3 pile pile-cap is placed using “Designed Equipment”
method.

9. Now select Rectangular shape from model.

Figure 27.195

On toolbar will open at top.

Figure 27.196 Toolbar

10. From the drop down list select “New Relationship”

Figure 27.197

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11. Select “Mate” as relationship

Figure 27.198

12. Select right plane of rectangular shape as shown in Figure 27.199 .

Right face of shape is selected and highlighted in Red colour.

Figure 27.199 selecting face on shape

13. Now select same plane of triangular shape 6Highlighted in Yellow

colour7. View should look as in Figure 27.200

Figure 27.200 Relationship between two shapes

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This means that Right face of rectangular shape and left face of triangular shape are
in relationship.

14. Properties of the shapes placed under Solid shape can be viewed and
changed in properties window.
Select the shape in model or in PBS system.
Right click Properties. This will open “Shape Properties” window.

Figure 27.201 Properties window for shape-1

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Figure 27.202 Properties window for shape-2

15. Now place pedestal as explained in section 27.2.1 for same column
and the completed model for column, pedestal, pile and pile-cap will look like Figure
27.203

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Figure 27.203

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28 Modelling Tie beam

Once all pile-caps are modelled as footing assembly or designed equipment we need
to model tie beams. Now we will see how to model those.

Tie beams are modelled as concrete beams.

1. Click on “Place Linear member system” icon from vertical toolbar. This will open a
toolbar at top.

Figure 28.1

2. Keep connection type as By Rule.

Figure 28.2

3. In system click on “more…” from drop down list.

Figure 28.3

We will place tie-beam in PBS system at following path.

1210 Civil 1210-Concrete 1210-CONC-BELOW GL 1210-CONC-BELOW GL-

TieBeams. So travel to this path. And click OK.

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Figure 28.4

4. Type category and type will be beam.

Figure 28.5

5. In section name, click on “more…”

Figure 28.6

A select section window will open up. Go to Concrete_Shapes RS Select

Rect600x400 OK.

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Figure 28.7

6. Cardinal point for tie beam will be 8-Top Centre. Let angle and reflect property remain
default.
So completed toolbar will look as shown in Figure 28.8

Figure 28.8 Completed Toolbar for Tie beam

7. Select centre point of top edge of one footing slab 6Pile-cap7 as shown in Figure 28.9

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Figure 28.9

8. Select the same point for adjacent pile-cap. For better selection use zoom in and rotate
tools.

Figure 28.10

Beam will be modelled.

Figure 28.11

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9. Now select this beam this will highlight the planes in which the selected tie-beam is in
relation.

Figure 28.12

10. Right click Properties.

Figure 28.13

This will open properties window for Member system. Make the Name Rule to
UhDefaultNameRule. Click on Apply. Make sure that Priority is set to Undefined.

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Figure 28.14 Properties window for Tie beam

11. Similarly properties of Member Part can be seen and changed 6if required7. Expand
TB-01 member system from PBS and select Member Part. Right Click Properties.

Figure 28.15 Selecting Member part from PBS

This will open “Member Part Prismatic Properties” window.

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Figure 28.16 Member Part Property window

In Cross Section tab, size of beam, cardinal point, Material and grade can be seen.
Change Material to concrete and grade to C30 as per Project requirement. Click OK.

12. Similarly model all tie-beams. Copy-paste cannot be used here so all tie-beams shall
be modelled individually.

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29 Modelling Trench/Pit

Trench/Pit is modelled using Designed Equipment method as Civil Equipment.

1. Click on “Place Designed Equipment” button from vertical toolbar. If already some
entity is modelled using this method then the icon will be different. In that case expand
fly-out window by holding down and select .

Figure 29.1

2. Complete the procedure as explained in section 27.6 for designed equipment.

The location for the trench will be 1210 Civil 1210-Concrete 1210-CONC-BELOW
GL 1210-CONC-BELOW GL-Trench. So In window, follow this path.

Figure 29.2

3. Name the “Designed Equipment” as Concrete trench”. See that Equipment

Classification 0 is set to Civil equipment. Refer Figure 27.160 from section 27.6.
4. Select point where we have to model trench. Say trench will begin from Grid D, and in
between Grid 2-3. So select the point.
Now follow the same procedure till placing Solid shape 6section 27.6 7 . Here we will
name component as “Trench” and solid shape as “Trench Object”. At this stage the
PBS system will look as shown in Figure 29.3

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Figure 29.3

5. Hold down the Place Shape command in the vertical toolbar until the Place Shape
dialog appears. Select RectangularSolid 001 from the Shapes dialog.

Figure 29.4

6. Choose Trench Objects as the parent of the Shape. This will open “Shape Properties”
window. Name this as Sump.
7. We will place the shape such that the origin of shape will be at top face. Accordingly
enter dimension of pit.
So after rotation A will be depth of sump.

Here we enter as
A= 2m 6depth of sump7
B= 1.5m 6width of sump7
C= 1.5m 6breadth of sump7
Click OK.

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Figure 29.5 Completed Properties Window for Shape

A profile will be seen on screen.

Figure 29.6

8. Using Up and Down arrow key change axis selection. Rotate the shape using left and
right arrow key.6Refer section 27.6 7
The position of shape will be now as shown in Figure 29.7

Figure 29.7

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9. Place this at required location. For Placing we can use PinPoint Ribbon.
We will place this sump at 2m east from column on grid 2. So using reposition target
set origin to nearest column 6on grid2-D7

Figure 29.8

Now enter coordinate as East= 2m, North=0m and Elevation= 0m.

Figure 29.9

Centre of shape is not C.G. , but centre of one of

the faces.

Click on screen, the sump will be placed.

Figure 29.10

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Now the sump/pit is open box. That means now we have to create opening in this
shape.

10. To do so, we will select the same shape under “Trench Object” parent. Its dimensions
will be such that after deduction, sump will have wall thickness and bottom thickness
left as per requirement.
So in Properties window enter name as “Opening” and diemension as
A= 1.8m 6after rotation it will be depth of shape, and assuming thickness of bottom
part as 200mm so A= 2000-2007
B= 1.1m 6=1.5-2*0.2, deducting wall thickness from both sides7
C= 1.1m 6=1.5-2*0.2, deducting wall thickness from both sides7

11. Rotate this shape same as “Sump” and place it as same location using PinPoint.
Hence Coordinates will be East= 2m, North=0m and Elevation= 0m. After placing, the
origin of both shaped will be coincident. See Figure 29.11 and Figure 29.12.

Figure 29.11

Figure 29.12

12. Now to create opening, select shape “opening“ from PBS system.

Figure 29.13

Once we select it, a toolbar will open at top.

Figure 29.14 Toolbar

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13. From the toolbar, click on “Add shape” button. In the ribbon bar, change the
Add Shape operation to a Subtract Shape operation. See Figure 29.15

Figure 29.15

This will subtract Opening shape from sump shape. And opening will be created.

Figure 29.16

14. Now assign relationship to sump and opening. Select Opening from PBS system. From
Ribbon bar select “New relationship”. Select “Align” as type of relationship.

Figure 29.17

15. Select the Top plane of Opening shape. Then Select the top face of Sump shape. The
result will be as shown in Figure 29.18

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Figure 29.18

This means that Opening shape will be in relationship with Sump shape.

16. Now to model Trench, from “Place shape” window select Prismatic shapes .

Figure 29.19

17. Select Trench Object from PBS as parent. This will open “Shape Properties” window.

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Figure 29.20 Properties window for Shape

18. In “Occurrence” tab name this shape as Path.

Figure 29.21

19. In “Cross-Section” tab,select Road as cross-section. Keep “Display cross section

image” on as shown in Figure 29.22

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Figure 29.22

The cross section of road type along with dimensional legend can be seen here. Refer
Figure 29.23

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Figure 29.23

20. Now enter all dimensions as per requirement.

Here we will model trench along corner point of Sump, so here cardinality will be 6.

Completed window will look as shown in Figure 29.24

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Figure 29.24 Completed properties window

21. Click OK. Now on Model screen a toolbar at top will open.

Figure 29.25 Toolbar

By default create and add to path will be active as in Figure 29.26

Figure 29.26

22. So Draw path in 3D environment. While drawing path path-direction can be changed

using Path type button. In Ribbon bar different path types can be seen.

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Figure 29.27

So select start point as corner point of sump.

Figure 29.28

Select Line as path type 6Figure 29.277. And draw path for trench. Use Top view to
draw path. Completed path is visible in Yellow line as shown in Figure 29.29

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Figure 29.29

23. Click on “Finish” button from toolbar. This will result in profile of trench. If
everything is correct, again click on finish.

Figure 29.30

Trench will be placed at desired path.

Figure 29.31

Connection of trench with sump can be changed by changing cardinality of Road

cross-section. This can be changed/viewed in properties window.
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Now if we see the end of this trench is open. So make it close, we will place one more
shape at the end. Parent for this will be same that is Trench Objects.

24. So select Prismatic shapes . Select parent as Trench Objects. This will open
properties window. Name this as “End wall” under the Occurrence tab.

Figure 29.32

25. Under Cross-section tab, select rectangle as cross section. Keep “Display cross
section image” on.

Figure 29.33

26. Now enter dimensions. Here dimension for end wall will depend on Trench. So here
A=0.2m 6thickness of end wall7 and B= 1.8m 6=2-0.2, subtracting bottom thickness
from depth of trench7. Cardinality will be 9, as we will model this along bottom edge of
trench.

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Figure 29.34 Completed Property window for shape

27. After entering all these values click OK. Draw path 6seen in yellow7 as shown in Figure
29.35

Figure 29.35

28. Click on Finish. This will show a wireframe profile. Click on Finish again. This will result

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in placement of end wall.

Figure 29.36 End wall placed

29. Now we will apply relationship to the end wall. So again select End wall from model,
this will open a toolbar. Select “New relationship” and type as “align”

Figure 29.37

30. Now select the end face of end wall to be aligned with end face of trench. Refer Figure
29.38 . Selected face is in Red colour.

Figure 29.38

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31. Now select the end face of trench. Refer Figure 29.39

Figure 29.39

Figure 29.40

Hence, the End wall is in relation with End face if trench and is aligned with the same.
See Figure 29.40.

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30 Modelling Pedestal of Vertical Vessel/Equipment

Now we will see how to place pedestal for equipment. The pedestal for equipment
may be rectangular or octagonal shall be modelled as Design Equipment Method as
explained in section 27.6.

The system for equipment footing will be 1210 Civil 1210-Concrete 1210-CONC-
BELOW GL 1210-CONC-BELOW GL-Footing-Equip.

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Figure 30.1

Do not forget to make Equipment Classification 0

to Civil Equipment.

1. Follow the entire procedure till we select shape to place 6section 27.6 7.
Here we will select octagonal shape. 6see section 27.6 Figure 27.176 and Figure 30.27.

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Figure 30.2 Properties window for Shape

2. Fill all the properties as shown in Figure 30.2 . And click OK. Profile of shape will be
seen.

Figure 30.3

3. Rotate the shape using Left, Right and Up, Down arrow key of keyboard. The desired
position of shape will be as shown in Figure 30.4

Figure 30.4

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4. Place this at the base of equipment. 6If required use PinPoint tool7

Figure 30.5 Placement of equipment pedestal

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Figure 30.6

5. Properties of the shape can be viewed or changed as explained in section 27.6

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31 Modelling Grade slab

Grade slab with no slope is modelled as Slab using Plce Slab tool similar to Raft or
many pile pile-cap as explained in section 27.5

Grade slab with slope shall be modelled by Designed equipment method as Civil
equipment. 6Section 27.67

The location in PBS system will be 1210 Civil 1210-Concrete 1210-CONC-

100000 1210-CONC-100000-Grade.

Figure 31.1

To model grade slab with slope, different shape are available 6see section 27.6 Figure
27.1767 sloped portion should be divided suitably into rectangular and triangular
shape. Using these shapes in combination as add or subtract shape 6for procedure
refer section 27.67 grade slab with slope can be modelled.

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Figure 31.2 Grade Slab with Four side slope

Figure 31.3 Grade slab with two side slope

Figure 31.4 Grade Slab with no slope

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32 Modelling Curb wall

Curb wall around Grade slab or floor slab is modelled as Civil equipment using
designed equipment method. 6section 27.6 and 29 7.

Location in PBS system for curb wall will be 1210 Civil 1210-Concrete 1210-
CONC-100000 1210-CONC-100000-Curbs. Depending on which floor the curb is
modelled. If it is at EL.+105000, the location will be under 1210 Civil 1210-
Concrete 1210-CONC-105000 1210-CONC-105000-Curbs.

Here we will model curb wall around grade slab.

1. Follow the same procedure till we select the shape 6see section 27.6 7. Here it will be
Prismatic shape .
2. Select Rectangle as cross section. Curb wall will be of 150mm thickness and 100mm
depth. Enter the properties as shown in Figure 32.1

Figure 32.1 Properties window for shape

Cardinality for this shape will be 8.

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3. Now click OK. A toolbar will open at top. This toolbar is explained in more detail in
section 29-Modelling Trench/Pit. Refer Figure 29.25.
4. Draw the path at the top edge of slab. The path will be visible as line in yellow colour.

Figure 32.2 path for Curb wall.

It is advisable to draw the path in segments and not as a complete path along the
peripheri of slab.

5. Click on finish. The curb wall be placed along the peripheri of slab.

Figure 32.3 Placement of curb wall

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In side view the curb wall be seen as shown in

Figure 32.4 Placement of curb wall

33 Modelling-Miscellaneous

33.1 Inserting Control Point

In SP3D auto generated drawing, Coordinates appear because of Control points. So

Control Points should be placed at grid intersections, wherever coordinates are to be
given.

Drawing volume placed for drawing should

include Control Point placed. Then only the
coordinate will appear for that drawing view

1. Go to Insert Control Point

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Figure 33.1

A toolbar will open at top.

Figure 33.2 Toolbar for Control Point

2. See massage at bottom left corner.

Figure 33.3

So select the location from PBS 6from workspace explorer7. Now we are placing
control point at EL.+100.000, so select 1210-STRU-100000.

Figure 33.4

In toolbar all tools will become active.

3. The Type will be control point. And Subtype will be Structure. So select those from
respective drop down list.

Figure 33.5

So Completed toolbar will look as shown in Figure 33.6

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Figure 33.6 Completed toolbar

Currently Name tool will be deactivated.

4. Now place the control point at intersection of grid. Select that point.

Figure 33.7 Selecting Point to place control point

Control point will be placed.

Figure 33.8 Placement of Control Point

The PBS system will look as shown in Figure 33.9

Figure 33.9 Control point in PBS

5. Select the Control point Right click and properties. In properties window change
Name Rule to UhDefaultNameRule and click Apply. Name of control point will be
changed.

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Figure 33.10 Properties Window for Control Point-Name Rule Changed

6. Similarly, place contol points at all required locations.

33.2 Troubleshooting

User should make sure that his “c:/temp” folder is cleared at beginning of each day
before starting SP3D. In case of any error with SP3D, an error log is generated. Name of
the file is “SP3D Errors_Date & Time.log”. Refer Figure below. This error log file will be
placed in c:/temp folder. User should copy & send this file to administrator in to help him
solve the problem.

Figure 33.11

Drawing error logs can be accessed by selecting drawing Right click View log 6Refer
Figure 33.127

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Figure 33.12

All this information is to be conveyed to administrator to help solve problems.

33.3 Saving Views

As the model grows in size during course of the project, it becomes tedious to use
clipping volumes, since one need to switch between multiple views and clipped volumes
cannot be saved. To overcome this, use Named Views. Whenever we have generated a
view by using clipping volume, save this view with name.

Go to View Named View Save your view with a name. Now it becomes easier to
switch between multiple saved views and work. 9Refer Figure 33.13 :

Figure 33.13

33.4 To Do List

User should always keep ‘To Do List’ open while working on SP3D. To do List can be
opened by one of the following ways:
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I. View To Do List
OR

II. Crtl+T

Figure 33.14

This list displays list of objects that have error, warning or are out-of-date. This list
should always be empty. If any warning or error is seen in this list, it should be
resolved in accordance with troubleshooting manual.

This manual is available at following path on each user’s machine.

C:\Program Files\Common Files\Intergraph\SmartPlant\Help

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34 Training Output

After following all the procedure given in this manual, Completed structure will look as
shown below in Figure 34.1 and Figure 34.2

Figure 34.1 Only Civil and structural entities

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Figure 34.2 Entire Model

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