Phys 105 Final Examination (Solution) 09:30 – 11:30 (120 Minutes) Monday, 08-January-2024

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CLASSICAL PROBLEM 1 of 2 (20 points) Answers without solution steps clearly shown will not be given any credit.

Consider a spool on a string which is made of two heavy disks of String String
radius R0 and mass M, connected by a short rod of smaller radius R1
R0
and mass m with R0 = 5R1 and M = 2m , as shown in the figure. The R1 R0
m R1
string is wrapped tightly around the rod of radius R1 . The spool rests M M
on the horizontal rough table by its edges of radius R0 . Express your Front view Side view
answers in terms of the quantities given in the problem and some
→
constants as needed. F
(a) (5 pts) Specify the directions of the translational and rotational
motions of the spool if we pull the rope with a vertical or horizontal R0 R0
! →
force F , as shown in the figures (a) and (b), respectively. Assume R1 R1 F
F > Ffr where Ffr is the friction force between the spool and the rough (a) (b)
surface. Take the coefficient of kinetic friction between the spool and
surface µk .
! !
Vertical F case: Horizontal F case:
→
F Motion
R0
→
Motion R1 F
R0 →
Ffr P
R1
→
Ffr P

Spool rotates CCW; net torque = FR1 about point P; Spool rotates CW; net torque = F ( R0 − R1 ) about point P; Spool
!
Spool moves left; net horizontal force = Ffr to the left moves right; F > Ffr

(b) (10 pts) Consider a tension force FT which is exerted on the string at an angle θ with the horizontal, as shown in the figure. There
is a critical angle θ C and tension force FT at which the spool will spin in place at constant angular speed ω, without translational
speed. Write down three equations of motion for this spin in place state.
→ The three equations of motion are:
FN →
FT
y ∑ Fx : FT cosθ C − µk FN = 0 ........................ (1)
Ɵ
R0
x ∑ Fy : FT sin θ C − 5mg + FN = 0 ........................ (2)
R1
→
→
∑ τ : µk FN R0 − FT R1 = 0 ........................ (3)
Ffr 5mg
(Ffr = µkFN) ( a = 0, α = 0)
(c) (5 pts) Determine cosθ C and the required tension force FT for this spin in place state.

µk FN R0 µ F R R R 1 1
From (3) FT = ; Substitute into (1) k N 0 cosθ C − µk FN = 0 → cosθ C = 1 = 1 → cosθ C = cosθ C =
R1 R1 R0 5R1 5 5

FN = 5mg − FT sin θ C ; Substitute into (1) FT cosθ C − µk ( 5mg − FT sin θ C ) = 0

5
From (2) √24 = 2√6
ƟC
5µk mg 5µk mg 25µk mg 1
FT cosθ C − 5µk mg + µk FT sin θ C = 0 → FT = = → FT =
cosθ C + µk sin θ C 1 2 6 1+ 2 µk 6
+ µk 2 6
5 5 sin θ C =
5

Phys 105 Final Examination Page 1 Monday, 08-January-2024

Phys 105 Final Examination (Solution) 09:30 – 11:30 (120 Minutes) Monday, 08-January-2024
CLASSICAL PROBLEM 2 of 2 (20 points) Answers without solution steps clearly shown will not be given any credit.

Consider a uniform thin rod of length 2D and mass M that lies freely on
v0
a frictionless table. A small ball of mass m, traveling with velocity v0 m
strikes the rod at a distance h from the rod’s center of mass, as shown in D
h
the figure. Express your answers in terms of the quantities given in the
problem and some constants as needed. A uniform thin rod of mass M CM
and length L has I CM = ML2 /12 .

(a) (6 pts) Assume that the collision is elastic. The ball continues to
move along the original line of motion after the collision with speed vf M
and the rod will rotate around its center of mass CM with angular speed
ω. Which physical quantities are conserved? Write the corresponding
conservation equations for each conserved quantity.

Mechanical energy E, angular momentum L about the CM of the rod and linear momentum p are conserved.
1 2 1 2 1 1
E: mv0 = mvf + MvCM 2
+ I CMω 2
2 2 2 2
L: mv0 h = mvf h + I CMω
p: mv0 = mvf + MvCM

(b) (6 pts) Determine the ball’s final speed vf .

Rewrite conservation equations found in part (a):

m
vCM = ( v0 − vf ) ………. (1)
M
3mh
ωD = ( v0 − vf ) ………. (2)
MD
M M 2
v02 = (ω f D )2 + v 2f + vCM ………. (3)
3m m
Substituting (1) and (2) in (3) yields:
⎛ 3h 2 M ⎞
v0 ⎜ 1+ 2 − ⎟
⎝ D m⎠
vf =
⎛ 3h 2 M ⎞
⎜ 1+ D 2 + m ⎟
⎝ ⎠

(c) (8 pts) Assume that the collision is completely inelastic. Find the angular speed ω of the system after the collision.
No external torques act on the system, the angular momentum is conserved about the new center of mass CM of the ball + rod system.
Take the position vector rCM from the midpoint of the rod.
mh
rCM =
M +m

M ( 2D )
2
MD 2 h 2 mM
+ m ( h − rCM )
2
I= + from + MrCM
2
3 m+M 12
⎛ Mh ⎞
Li = mv0 ( h − rCM ) = mv0 ⎜
⎝ M + m ⎟⎠

⎛ MD 2 h 2 mM ⎞
Lf = Iω = ⎜ + ω
⎝ 3 m + M ⎟⎠

3mv0 h
ω=
D ( m + M ) + 3h 2 m
2

Phys 105 Final Examination Page 2 Monday, 08-January-2024

Phys 105 Final Examination (Solution) 09:30 – 11:30 (120 Minutes) Monday, 08-January-2024

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Name ID

MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEMS Do not give your answers by marking choices, but mark your answers on the Gradescope
bubble sheet template in Page 8. Only answers in the template will be graded. Hint: 4 wrong answers will cancel one correct
answer, don't mark if you are not sure. Select the choice with the answer closest to your result.
MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEM 1 of 12 (5 points) Mark your answers on the Gradescope bubble sheet template in Page 8.

Consider a painter of mass M who stands on a platform of mass m and pulls himself
up by two ropes which hang over pulleys, as shown in the figure. He pulls each rope
with force FT and accelerates upward with a uniform acceleration a. Find a.
→
g
4FT 4FT 2FT
(a) −g (b) +g (c) −g
M +m M +m M +m Painter
2FT Platform
(d) +g (e) None of the above
M +m

FT FT
FT FN FT
2FT + FN − Mg = Ma
FN
2FT − FN − mg = ma

4FT − ( M + m ) g = ( M + m ) a →
Platform
Painter
mg
Mg
4FT
a= −g
M +m

MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEM 2 of 12 (5 points) Mark your answers on the Gradescope bubble sheet template in Page 8.

Consider two identical uniform spheres of mass M and radius R which are held fixed and are M M
R m
separated by a distance D. A small projectile of mass m is fired with initial velocity v0 from v0 R
the surface of one sphere directly toward the other, as shown in the figure. The projectile is
D
attracted gravitationally by each sphere, and no other forces are acting. What is the minimum
value of v0 such that the projectile can reach the second sphere?

2GM 2GM 2GM

(a) (b) (c) 2GM (d) (e) None of the above
D R D−R

U(x) GMm GMm

U ( x) = − −
D/2 D x D−x
x
0
U(x) The projectile needs enough energy to exceed maximum potential energy at x = D/2 .

1 2 GMm GMm GMm GMm ⎛1 1 4⎞

mv0 − − =− − → v0 = 2GM ⎜ + − ⎟
2 R D−R D/2 D/2 ⎝ R D − R D⎠

MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEM 3 of 12 (5 points) Mark your answers on the Gradescope bubble sheet template in Page 8.

Consider a small block of mass m which can be pushed up a

frictionless inclined plane of angle θ with a constant force F to a D
F →
height H, as shown in the figure. The block starts from rest and it g
reaches the height H with a speed v. Alternatively, the block can H
be thrown up the incline with an initial velocity v0 so that it has m Ɵ
the same speed at height H. Find the magnitude of v0 .

FH sin θ 2FH sin θ 2FH cosθ FH cosθ

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) None of the above
m m m m
1 2 1 1
Work–Energy principle: FD = mv + mgH ; ∆E = 0 ; mv02 = mv 2 + mgH →
2 2 2
1 2 1 2FH sin θ
FD = mv0 → FH sin θ = mv02 → v0 =
2 2 m

Phys 105 Final Examination Page 3 Monday, 08-January-2024

Phys 105 Final Examination (Solution) 09:30 – 11:30 (120 Minutes) Monday, 08-January-2024
MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEM 4 of 12 (5 points) Mark your answers on the Gradescope bubble sheet template in Page 8.

Assume that a small block of mass m slides from rest at the top of a frictionless sphere of m
radius R, as shown in the figure. How far below the top x does it lose contact with the sphere? x
R R
(a) R (b) (c) R →
g
2 3
R
(d) (e) None of the above
6

mv 2 v2
mg cosθ − FN = ; the block loses contact when FN = 0 ; = g cosθ → v 2 = gR cosθ
→ R R
FN
1 1 2
R Ɵ Ei = Ef → mgR = mv 2 + mgR cosθ → mv = mgR (1 − cosθ )
→ 2 2
mg
U=0 1 2
(ref. level)
mgR cosθ = mgR (1 − cosθ ) → cosθ = 2 (1− cosθ ) → 3cosθ = 2 → cosθ =
2 3
⎛ 2⎞ R
x = R − R cosθ = R ⎜ 1− ⎟ → x =
⎝ 3⎠ 3
MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEM 5 of 12 (5 points) Mark your answers on the Gradescope bubble sheet template in Page 8.

Consider a mass m = 1 kg which hits a box at rest and of mass M = 4 kg m v

u
with speed u = 10 m/s at an angle θ bounces off with speed v = 5 m/s at
→
the same angle θ to the horizontal, as shown in the figure. The box of g Ɵ Ɵ
mass M moves with speed V, as a result of collision. What is the speed V M V
of the box of mass M? You are given cosθ = 4 / 5 , sin θ = 3 / 5 .

1 1
(a) m/s (b) m/s (c) 5 m/s (d) 4 m/s (e) None of the above
4 5

Conservation of momentum in horizontal direction: mucosθ = mv cosθ + MV

m cosθ (u − v ) ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ 4 ⎞
V= = ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ (10 − 5) m/s → V = 1 m/s
M ⎝ 4⎠ ⎝ 5⎠

MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEM 6 of 12 (5 points) Mark your answers on the Gradescope bubble sheet template in Page 8.

A small ball of mass m and radius r is initially at rest on the top of a large fixed Start
sphere of radius R, as shown in the figure. Assume r << R. The ball’s moment of → m
g
inertia about its center is I = β mr 2 , where β is a positive number. The ball starts Ɵ
R
from rest and rolls down the sphere without slipping after a negligible kick. At
what cosθ the ball leaves the sphere?
2 2 3 3
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) None of the above
3+ β 3− β 2+β 2−β

( )
→ 1 2 1
FN Conservation of energy E: mg ( R − R cosθ ) = mv + β mr 2 ω 2 ; No slipping: v = rω
Ɵ 2 2
R →
mg
1 2 1 2gR
U=0 mgR (1 − cosθ ) = mv + β mv 2 → v = (1 − cosθ )
(ref. level) 2 2 1+ β

mv 2 m ⎡ 2gR ⎤
The ball leaves the sphere when FN = 0 : mg cosθ − FN = → mg cosθ = ⎢ (1 − cosθ )⎥
R R ⎣1 + β ⎦
⎡ 2 ⎤ 2
cosθ = ⎢ (1 − cosθ )⎥ → cosθ (1+ β + 2) = 2 → cosθ =
⎣ 1 + β ⎦ 3 + β

Phys 105 Final Examination Page 4 Monday, 08-January-2024

Phys 105 Final Examination (Solution) 09:30 – 11:30 (120 Minutes) Monday, 08-January-2024

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MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEM 7 of 12 (5 points) Mark your answers on the Gradescope bubble sheet template in Page 8.

Consider a pulley of radius R, mass 2m which is able to rotate about an axis

passing through its center. The outer circumference of the pulley has a string R R/3
wrapped around it and a mass m hung from one end, as shown in the figure. The
pulley has an inner spool of radius R/3 and a mass 2m is hung from the string
4
around the inner spool. The total moment of inertia of the pulley is mR 2 .
9
Assume the strings do not slip relative to the pulley. What is the angular m Mass 1
acceleration α of the pulley? Mass 2 2m

g 2g 4g 3g
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) None of the above
15R 15R 15R 15R

→
α → R
FT2 FT1 a1 = α R ; a2 = α
+ 3
R R/3 R 4 1 4
a2 2m m a1 ∑ τ = Iα → FT1R − FT2 = mR 2α → FT1 − FT2 = mRα
3 9 3 9
2
→ →
mg R ⎛ R⎞ 4 3g
→
FT1
2mg mgR − ma1R − 2mg − 2mα ⎜ ⎟ = mR 2α → α =
→
FT2 3 ⎝ 3 ⎠ 9 15R

MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEM 8 of 12 (5 points) Mark your answers on the Gradescope bubble sheet template in Page 8.

A hoop of mass m, radius R and moment of inertia I CM = mR 2 about its center is given an α
v
a
initial speed v0 up a plane inclined at angle θ, as shown in the figure. The initial angular speed
m
1 R µ
is zero. The coefficient of friction between the hoop and plane is µ = . How much time t
2 →
passes before the hoop starts to roll without slipping? g
Ɵ
v0 v0 v0
(a) (b) (c)
gsin θ g cosθ g (sin θ − cosθ )
v0
(d) (e) None of the above
g (sin θ + cosθ )

→ When the hoop is still slipping:

FN v
+
a ∑ F = ma → −mgsin θ − µ mg cosθ = ma → a = −g (sin θ + µ cosθ )
α

∑ τ CM = Iα → Ffr R = ICMα → ( µ mg cosθ ) R = ( mR 2 )α → α =

µ g cosθ
→
Ffr →
R
mg
Ɵ When hoop finally starts to roll without slipping vf = Rω f :

⎛ µ g cosθ ⎞
v = v0 + at → vf = v0 − g (sin θ + µ cosθ ) t = R ⎜ ⎟t
⎝ R ⎠
v0 1
v0 = g (sin θ + 2 µ cosθ ) t → t = Notice: µ =
g (sin θ + cosθ ) 2

Phys 105 Final Examination Page 5 Monday, 08-January-2024

Phys 105 Final Examination (Solution) 09:30 – 11:30 (120 Minutes) Monday, 08-January-2024
MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEM 9 of 12 (5 points) Mark your answers on the Gradescope bubble sheet template in Page 8.

Consider a yo–yo of mass M with an axle of radius b and a spool of radius R, as y

shown in the figure. Its moment of inertia is I = MR 2 / 2 around its center. The yo–yo M
R
x
is placed on a table and the string is pulled with a horizontal force F. The coefficient b
of friction between the yo–yo and the table is µ. What is the maximum value of F for
µ F
which the yo–yo will roll without slipping?

3µ Mg 3µ Mg 3µ Mg µ Mg
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) None of the above
1 − 2b / R 2b / R −1 1 + 2b / R 1 − 2b / R

Free-body diagram: ∑ Fy = FN − Mg = 0 → FN = Mg
→
FN ∑ Fx = F − Ffr = MaCM FN = Mg
+
M Threshold value of F between slipping and not slipping:
R
F
→
b
→ Ffr = Ffr,max = µ FN = µ Mg → ∑ Fx = F − µ Mg = MaCM → aCM = − µg = α R
Ffr M
µ F
2 3µ Mg
→ ∑ τ = −bF + Ffr R = −bF + µ MgR = Iα → α = ( −bF + µ MgR) → F=
Mg MR 2 1 + 2b / R

MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEM 10 of 12 (5 points) Mark your answers on the Gradescope bubble sheet template in Page 8.

Two particles each of mass M moving with v simultaneously M

v
strike the ends of a uniform rod of mass M and length D which M
is pivoted at its center, as shown in the figure. The particles D Pivot
stick to the ends of the rod. What is the angular speed ω of
rotation of the particles and the rod after the collision? A v
M
uniform rod of mass m and length L has I CM = mL2 /12 .
v 12v 7v
(a) (b) (c)
D 7D 12D
v
(d) (e) None of the above
7D
2
⎛ D⎞ ⎛ v ⎞ D
L = Iω = M ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ = Mv for one particle → L = MvD for two particles
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ D / 2 ⎟⎠ 2
2
1 ⎛ D⎞ MD 2
I rod = MD 2 ; I particles = 2M ⎜ ⎟ =
12 ⎝ 2⎠ 2
1 1 7
I total = I rod + I particles → I total = MD 2 + MD 2 = MD 2
12 2 12
L MvD 12v
L = Iω → ω = = → ω=
I 7 7D
MD 2
12

Phys 105 Final Examination Page 6 Monday, 08-January-2024

Phys 105 Final Examination (Solution) 09:30 – 11:30 (120 Minutes) Monday, 08-January-2024

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MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEM 11 of 12 (5 points) Mark your answers on the Gradescope bubble sheet template in Page 8.

Consider a disk of mass M and radius R which is connected to a wall by →

g y
a string with an angle θ, as shown in the figure. A block of mass m
hangs from the disk by another string wrapped around the disk. The x
coefficient of static friction between the disk and the well is µs = µ . Ɵ
What is the maximum m for which the disk does not rotate?
M M M M R
(a) (b) (c)
1 / µ tan θ µ tan θ (1 / µ tan θ ) − 2
M
(d) (e) None of the above µ m
µ tan θ − 2

Free-body diagram: FT1x = FN and FT1y = Ffr + ( M + m ) g

FT1x
= tan θ
→ → FT1y
Ɵ FT1 FT2
∑ τ = 0 → −Ffr R + mgR = 0 → Ffr = mg = µ FN = µ FT1x
M
R FT1x mg / µ mg
m FT1y = = = = ( M + 2m ) g
→
FN tan θ tan θ µ tan θ
→ →
Ffr FT2
→ ⎛ 1 ⎞ M
→
Mg
mg m⎜ − 2⎟ = M → m = (maximum m)
⎝ µ tan θ ⎠ (1 / µ tan θ ) − 2

MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEM 12 of 12 (5 points) Mark your answers on the Gradescope bubble sheet template in Page 8.

Consider a uniform ladder of length L and mass M which rests on a frictionless wall. The →
g Frictionless
ladder makes an angle θ with the floor. A force F is applied horizontally at a distance d wall
from the base of the ladder, as shown in the figure. There is friction with the floor and the
y
coefficient of static friction is µs = µ . What is the maximum force Fmax such that the M, L
ladder does not slide on the floor? You are given cosθ = 3 / 5 , sin θ = 4 / 5 . x
F
µ Mg µ Mg (3 / 8 + µ ) Mg d
(a) (b) (c) µ Ɵ
1+ d / L 1− d / L 1+ d / L
(3 / 8 + µ ) Mg
(d) (e) None of the above
1− d / L

Free-body diagram: When Fmax acts on the ladder, then we have Ffr = Ffr, max in the –x direction.
FNW
∑ Fy = 0 → FNF = Mg → Ffr, max = µ FNF = µ Mg
L
CM
About point P : ∑ τ = 0 → Mg cosθ + Fd sin θ − FNW L sin θ = 0
FNF 2
F
Mg cosθ Fd 3Mg Fd
Ɵ Mg FNW = + = +
Ffr 2sin θ L 8 L
P
3Mg Fmax d (3 / 8 + µ ) Mg
∑ Fx = 0 → Fmax = FNW + Ffr, max = + + µ Mg → Fmax =
1− d / L
8 L

Phys 105 Final Examination Page 7 Monday, 08-January-2024

Phys 105 Final Examination (Solution) 09:30 – 11:30 (120 Minutes) Monday, 08-January-2024

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Phys 105 Final Examination Page 8 Monday, 08-January-2024