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Course: STA 111 (Descriptive Statistics) 7. Which of the following is the most
commonly used measure of central
1. Which measure of central tendency is most tendency?
appropriate for finding the common (a) mean
product size sold in a retail store? (b) Range
(A) Range (c Mode
(b) Mode (d) Median
(c) mean
(d) median 8. How is the mean calculated?
(a) By finding the difference between the
2. When should the mode be used as the highest and lowest values
measure of central tendency ? (b) by selecting all middle value of an
(a) When analyzing categorical data ordered dataset
(b) When there are no outliers (c) By summing all the data values and
(c) When dealing with skewed data diving by the number of values
(d) When calculating variance (d) By finding the most frequent value in
the dataset
3. What is the formula for calculating the
mean? 9. Which of the following is a disadvantage of
(a) Mean = (Largest value – smallest the mean?
value)/2 (a) It cannot be used to further statistical
(b) Mean = Sum of frequencies/ Number of analyses
classes (b) It only considers the middle value of the
(c) Mean = Sum of data values/ Total dataset
number of values (c) It ignores extreme values
(d) Mean = (Middle value of dataset)/2 (d) It is affected by outliers and skewed
data
4. What is the primary purpose of measures of
central tendency? 10. In which situation is the median more
(a) To rank data in increasing order appropriate than the mean?
(b) To measure correlation between (a) When all values are close to them
variables (b) When there are extreme outliers data
(c) To measure variability in the data (c) When the data is symmetrically
(d) To describe the central point or typical distributed
value of a dataset (d) When the data consists of categorical
values
5. What is mode?
(a) The range data in increasing order 11. Can pie charts show more than one dataset
(b) The middle value in ordered dataset at the same time?
(c) The average of all values in dataset (a). All of the above
(d) The value that appears most frequently (b) yes, it can represent more than one
in a dataset dataset at a time
(c). None of the above
6. For which type of data in the mean not (d) No, pie charts are typically used to
appropriate represent a single dataset as parts of a
(a) Continuous data without outliers whole
(b) Data measured on an interval scale
(c) Skewed data with extreme outliers
(d) Symmetrically distributed data
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. 17. Which type of data involves categories with
12. When is it more appropriate to use a bar no meaningful order or ranking?
chart instead of a pie chart? (a) Continuous Data
(b) Discrete Data
(a) when you feel like representing data in a (c) Ordinal Data
rectangular pattern (d) Nominal Data
(b) A bar chart is more appropriate when
comparing individual categories or values 18. What type of variable represents countable
rather than showing parts of a whole, items with distinct, separate values?
especially when there are many categories (a) Nominal Variables
(c) when length of data matters a lot (b) Ordinal Variables
(d) when representing multiple datasets (c) Discrete Variables
(e) None of the above (d) Continuous Variables
13. Which of the following is not a measure of 19. What is the primary goal of descriptive
central tendency? statistics?
(a) Median (a) To focus on definition and distinction
(b) Mean (b) collecting and analysing data alone
(c) Variance (c) To simplify large amounts of data into a
(d) Mode form that is both meaningful and
interpretable
14. What does a pie chart represent? (d) None of the above
(a) Percentages alone
(b) values are displayed as rectangular bars 20. How do you determine the midpoint of a
(c) it represents multiple datasets class interval for constructing a frequency
(d) pie chart represents data in the form of polygon?
a circle, where each slice of the pie shows a (a) Add the class frequency to the interval
proportion or percentage of the whole data (b) Divide the upper limit by the lower limit
(c) Subtract the lower limit from the upper
15. In a pie chart, if the total number of votes is limit
200 and the slice for "Category A" takes up (d) Find the average of the lower and upper
25% of the pie, how many votes does bounds
"Category A" represent?
(a) 65 votes 21. What does a right-skewed histogram
(b) 55 votes indicate about the data?
(c) 45 Votes (a) The data is normally distributed
(d) 50 votes (b) The data has multiple peaks
(e) 82 votes (c) Most data points are concentrated on
the higher values
16. In a bar chart, the bar for "Product B" (d) Most data points are concentrated on
shows a height of 40 units, while the bar for the lower values
"Product A" is 25 units tall. What is the
difference in values between "Product A" 22. What is the primary difference between a
and "Product B"? histogram and a bar chart?
(a) 30 units (a) Histogram bars touch each other, while
(b) 10 units bar chart bars do not
(c) 25 units (b) A histogram is used for categorical data,
(d) 20 units while a bar chart is used for numerical data
(e) 15 units (c) Histogram bars are vertical, while bar
chart bars are horizontal
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(d) Histogram bars represent percentages, (b) Sampling
while bar chart bars represent frequencies (c) Survey
23. How is the frequency density calculated for (d) Interview
a class interval in a histogram?
(a) Multiplying the class frequency by the 29. What type of data is suitable for histograms?
class interval width (a) Continuous data
(b) Subtracting the lower limit from the (b) Categorical data
upper limit of the class interval (c) Ordinal data
(c) Dividing the class frequency by the class (d) Discrete data
interval width
(d) Dividing the class frequency by the total 30. How is the range of a dataset calculated?
number of observations (a) Sum of the data divided by the number
of values
24. What is one way to minimize observer bias (b) Difference between the largest and
in observational studies? smallest values
(a) Using a inconsistent observation (c) Average of all the values
framework alone during data collection. (d) Sum of the squared deviations
(b) None of the above
(c) Using a consistent observation 31. In what scenario is standard deviation most
framework and maintaining neutrality useful?
during data collection to reduce the effect (a) When the mean is used as the measure
of observer bias. of central tendency
(d) Using a limited observable phenomena (b) When calculating the most frequent
value
25. In a histogram, what does the x-axis (c) When comparing nominal data
represent? (d) When analyzing skewed data
(a) The number of observations
(b) The frequency of data points 32. In which of the following situations is low
(c) The central tendency of the data dispersion desirable?
(d) The class intervals (a) In population studies
(b) In identifying outliers in medical
26. What is a histogram used for? research
(a) To summarize data with bars of equal (c) In financial risk analysis
height (d) In quality control in manufacturing
(b) To compare two datasets
(c) To represent categorical data 33. What does a high standard deviation in a
(d) To represent numerical data distribution dataset suggest?
(a) The dataset has no outliers
27. Why might a frequency polygon be (b) The dataset has minimal variability
preferred over a histogram when (c) The data points are close to the mean
comparing datasets? (d)The data points are widely spread out
(a) It uses less data from the mean
(b) It uses bars instead of lines
(c) It offers a smoother visual comparison 34. What does a measure of dispersion indicate
(d) It displays data in percentages in statistics?
(a) The total sum of the dataset
28. What type of variable would be most (b)The central point of the dataset
suitable for measuring non-verbal behavior (c) The variability or spread of the dataset
in a natural setting? (d)The clustering of values around the
(a) Observation mean
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41. What is the proportion of people who
35. What is one of the key benefits of prefer online shopping if 400 out of 1,000
measuring dispersion in data analysis? surveyed people choose it?
(a) It identifies the average value (a) 0.8
(b) It reduces the need for central tendency (b) 0.3
measures (c) 0.6
(c)It eliminates outliers from the dataset (d) 0.4
(d)It helps assess the consistency and
predictability of data 42. If a store sells 300 pairs of shoes and 150
hats, what is the ratio of shoes sold to hats
36. What is the standard deviation of a dataset sold?
if the variance is 27.33? (a) 1:1
(a) 55 (b) 1:2
(b) 116 (c) 3:2
(c) 5.228 (d) 2:1
(d) 27.33
43. Which of the following is a common
37. What is the variance of the following financial ratio used to evaluate a company’s
dataset: 56, 48, 63, 60, 51, 52? leverage?
(a)5.228 (a) Debt-to-Equity Ratio
(b)55 (b) Revenue-to-Cost Ratio
(c) 116 (c) Sales-to-Profit Ratio
(d)27.33 (d) Price-to-Earnings Ratio
38. Why is the standard deviation considered 44. What is the proportion of red candies in
important in risk assessment? bag if 20 out of 100 candies are red?
(a) It measures how far the returns deviate (a) 10%
from the mean (b) 20%
(b) It reduces data complexity (c) 50%
(c) It eliminates high-risk investments (d) 25%
(d) It helps identify the average value
45. In medicine, what proportion of a drug
39. Why is the standard deviation often should a 60kg patient receive if the dosage
preferred over variance as a measure of is 5mg per kilogram?
dispersion? (a) 300g
(a) It is in the same units as the original (b) 0.3g
data (c) 3000mg
(b)It simplifies calculation (d) 150mg
(c)It eliminates extreme values
(d) It avoids negative numbers 46. In a town of 40,000 residents, 25% are
under 18. How many residents are under 18?
40. How would you calculate the production (a) 10,000
rate if a factory produces 500 widgets in 5 (b) 20,000
hours? (c) 5,000
(a) 100 widgets/hr (d) 15,000
(b) 2500 widgets/hr
(c) 50 widgets/hr 47. In a classroom of 50 students, 30 students
(d) 5000 widgets/hr passed the final exam. What proportion of
students passed?
(a) 0.5
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(b) 0.3 54. The Mean of a constant 'x' is
(c) 0.6 (a) 0
(d)0.8 (b) x/2
(c) x
48. What is the unemployment rate if 1,000 out (d) 1
of 20,000 people in the labor force are
unemployed? 55. Find the arithmetic mean of the set of data:
(a) 10% 6,1,5,8, and 10
(b) 2% (a) 4
(c) 0.5% (b) 5
(d) 5% (c) 6
(d) 7
49. What is the main difference between a rate 56. Calculate the range of the given sets of data
and a ratio? 7,47,8,42,47,95,42,96,2
(a) A rate compares two quantities with (a) 6
different units (b) 94
(b) A rate compares two quantities with the (c) 71
same units (d) 84
(c) A ratio compares quantities that change
over time 57. Find the mean deviation according to the
(d) A ratio is only used in scientific studies Mean of the given data sets
7,47,8,42,47,95,42,96,3
50. The runs scored by a batsman in 5 ODIs are (a) 11
31,97,112, 63, and 12. The standard (b) 111
deviation is (c) 112
(a) 24.79 (d) 113
(b) 23.79
(c) 25.79 58. Find the mean deviation according to
(d) 26.79 median of the given data sets
7,47,8,42,47,95,42,96,3
51. Find the mode of the call received on 7 (a) 99
consecutive day 11,13,13,17,19,23,25 (b) 100
(a) 11 (c) 101
(b) 13 (d) 102
(c) 17
(d) 23 59. Find the standard deviation of the given
data sets 7,47,8,42,47,95,42,96,3
52. Find the median of the call received on 7 (a) 29.09
consecutive days 11,13, 17, 13, 23,25,19 (b) 30.09
(a) 13 (c) 31.09
(b) 23 (d) 32.09
(c) 25
(d) 17 60. Find the median of the given data set:
5,8,12,17,2,14,6,8, 13, and 7
53. When the Mean of a number is 18, what is (a) 5
the Mean of the sampling distribution? (b) 2
(a) 21 (c) 8
(b) 18 (d) ….
(c) 27
(d) 23
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61. Find the arithmetic mean of the set of data:
9,11,10,10,5,15and 10
(a) 11
(b) 1
(c) 10
(d) 13
62. Find the standard deviation of the given
data sets 7,2,8,11,6,13,16
(a) 4.64
(b) 4.34
(c) 2.34
(d) 3.64
63. Find the range of the following data sets
61,22,34,17,81,99,42,94.
(a) 81
(b) 82
(c) 83
(d) 84
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SOLUTIONS (Verify this solution by yourself cuz it’s 46. A
prone to typographical error. Feel free to contact 47. C
the tutor if you need help or explanation 48. D
09057054063) 49. A
50. C
1. B 51. B
2. A 52. D
3. C 53. B
4. D 54. C
5. D 55. C
6. C 56. B
7. A 57. B
8. C 58. C
9. C 59. C
10. B 60. C
11. B 61. D
12. B 62. B
13. C 63. B
14. D
15. D
16. E
17. D
18. C
19. D
20. D
21. D
22. A
23. C
24. C
25. D
26. D
27. C
28. ,,,,,,
29. A
30. B
31. A
32. D
33. D
34. C
35. D
36. C
37. D
38. A
39. A
40. A
41. D
42. D
43. A
44. B
45. B
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