Part of speech

Read the picture correctly!

 Definisi : Pembagian kelas kata berdasarkan jenis dan fungsinya dalam kalimat
 Fungsi : Untuk menganalisis kalimat
e.g. : They give me a glass of milk
 Part of speech devided by 8 kinds :
(P-A-N-C-A-V-I-P)
1. Pronoun (Kata Ganti)
e.g. : I,You,They,We, etc.
2. Adjective (Kata Sifat)
e.g. : Clever, Wise, Beautiful. Etc.
3. Noun (Kata Benda)
Water, Rice, Book, Table, etc.
4. Conjunction (Kata Hubung)
e.g. : And, Or, But, etc.
5. Adverb (Kata Keterangan)
 e.g. : In the library, At 02:00 Am, etc.
6. Verb (Kata Kerja)
e.g. : Read, Speak, Write, etc.
7. Interjection (Kata Seru)
Watch out!, Owh!, Duh!, etc.
8. Preposition (Kata Depan)
In, Of, On, In front of, Beside that, etc.

Specify proper parts of speech under words in thebrackets!

1. She got an (expensive) book from her parents.
a. Adjective
b. Verb
c. Noun
d. Conjunction
2. What did he (tell) about the film last night?
a. Adjective
b. Verb
c. Noun
d. Conjunction

3. The office is located (between) my class and the library.

a. Adjective
b. Verb
c. Preposition
d. Conjunction
4. You speak English (well), I am proud of you.
a. Adjective
b. Verb
c. Preposition
d. Adverb
5. He (runs) every morning to keep the healthy.
a. Adjective
b. Verb
c. Preposition
d. Adverb
6. Lombok is the beautiful (island) in Indonesia.
a. Adjective
b. Verb
c. Preposition
d. Noun
7. I feel very disappointed (because) you ignore me.
a. Conjunction
b. Verb
 c. Preposition
d. Adverb
8. I do (believe) with my mother said.
a. Adjective
b. Verb
c. Conjunction
d. Adverb

Pronoun
Definitsi: Kata yang digunakan untuk menggantikan posisi kata benda
E.g.: Ardy is playing a game with Susan
He is playing it with her

 Definite : kata ganti yg jelas

Read the picture correctly!

e.g. : David loves Shinta / He loves Her.

 Indefinite : kata ganti yang tidak jelas
Read the table correctly!
Kinds ..... thing ..... one ..... body
Some Something Someone Somebody
Any Anything Anyone Anybody
Every Everything Everyone Everybody
No Nothing Noone Nobody
e.g. : I need Somebody / I need My Mother.

 Demonstrative Pronoun : kata tunjuk

Read the table correctly!
This These
That Those
e.g. : This/That is my book
 These/Those are my books.
Choose the correct pronoun below!
1. I go to school with (he/him) every day
2. I see (she/her/her self) at the university every day
3. (She/her) is gong to school on Monday
4. Isn’t (she/her) nice person?
5. (yours/your) record is scratched and (my/mine) is too
6. John bought (himself/hisself/herself) a new coat
7. We like (our/ours) new car very much
8. The dog bit (she/her) on the leg
9. Everyone has to do (their/his) own research
10. Monday is a holiday for (us/we/our) teachers

Adjective
Definisi : kata yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan kata benda (noun)
E.g. : The interesting class
Look the picture!

 LIMITTING ADJECTIVE : Adjective pembatas

 Dibagi menjadi 5 ADPIN
Read the table correctly!
A. Article (kata sandang)
Definite : A/an
e.g. : an apple on the table
A car in the garage
Indefinite : The
e.g. : The united state
 we are going to the school.
B. Demonstrative (kata tunjuk)
Plural : These
Those
e.g. : These pens are yours.
Singular : This
That
e.g. : That book is mine.
C. Possesive (kepemilikan)
Possesive adjective
e.g. : My, Your, Their, Her, His, Our, It.
Personal possesive
e.g. : martin’s book
D. Indifinite quantity (Jumlah yang tidak jelas)
Singular : Much + Uncountable. (Banyak)
Little + Uncountable. (Sedikit)
e.g. : I have much money
you have a little sugar
Plural : Many + Countable. (Banyak)
Few + Countable. (Sedikit)
e.g. : They have many book
Andi has few a friend.
E. Numeral (Number)
One, two, three, first, second.
e.g. : Two girls in front of me

 DESCRIPTIVE : Adjective penjelas

 Dibagi menjadi 9 QuChaSiATemPaShaCoNa
Read the table correctly!
1. Quality (good, bad, 2.Character (Good, 3. Size (small, big, tall, high,
smart, clever, beautiful, friendly, humble, honest, thin, thick, etc).
handsome etc). clever, etc). e.g. : the small bag on my
e.g. : the beautiful sun e.g. : Aliando is a humble side
actor
4. Age (new, old, young, 5. Temperature (hold, cold, 6. Participle : (interesting,
younger, older,etc). warm, etc). interested, etc).
e.g. : My new car e.g. : the hot coffee in cafe e.g. : the interesting actrees

7. Shape (oval, square, bold, 8.Color (red, white, yellow, 9. Nationality (indonesian,
round, etc). green, etc). american, japan, etc).
e.g. : I see the round moon e.g. : my favorite red clothe e.g. : the indonesian culture
Choose the correct one of the sententence!
1. I am buying a __________
a. New cheap European car
b. Cheap new European car
c. European cheap new car
d. Car cheap new European
2. She told me don’t forget to return her_________
a. Red sleeping warm bag
b. Warm sleeping red bag
c. Red warm sleeping bag
d. Warm red sleeping bag
3. The _____ will be adopted tomorrow
a. Funny grey fat cat
b. Funny fat grey cat
c. Grey funny fat cat
d. Fat funny grey car
4. He has read you _______
a. Ancient roman thick book
b. Thick ancient Roman book
c. Roman thick ancient book
d. Ancient thick roman book
5. Who used to have lunch on this______ everyday
a.wooden round black table
b. round black wooden tabl
c. wooden black round table
d. black round wooden table

Noun
  Definisi: kata yang digunakan untuk menamai sebuah benda
e.g. The garden will be cleaned by the Attendant. The attendant will clean the
garden.

 UNCOUNTABLE NOUN : kata benda yang tidak bisa di hitung

Look the xample picture correctly!

e.g. : I eat much bread

She drinks little milk

 COUNTABLE NOUN : The noun can be counted

Look the xample picture correctly!

e.g. : They eat many bananas

Salsa have few apple

 COMMON AND PROPER NOUN : kata benda Umum & Kata Benda Khusus
Read the table correctly!
e.g : Rina goes to restaurant and she buys in-N-Out Burger

 COLLECTIVE NOUN : Kumpulan

Look the xample picture!

e.g. : The family will eat together

My familyare awesome

 MATERIAL NOUN : Bahan

Look the xample picture correctly!

e.g. : The rain will came / The sun is so hot

Identify the count and non count in the following!
1. I bought chair, table, and desk in other hand, I bought some furniture
 2. Ainun likes to wear jewelry. Today she is wearing ring, bracelet, and a necklace
3. We saw the beautiful mountain, field, and lake on our trip. In other word, we saw
beautiful scenery
4. Gold and iron arre metal
5. In the united state, base ball is called the nationl pastime. To play it, you need a
basseball and a bat
6. I have some coin in my pocket, in other hand I have some change in my pocket
7. We have got some information when we read newspaper
8. I drank glass of coffee

Conjunction
 Conjunction Definisi: kata yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan
noun dengan noun, verb dengan verb, phrase dengan phrase,
kalimat dengan kalimat, dan lainnya.
e.g. : She drinks tea but He drinks coffee.
Look the picture correctly!

 CONJUNCTION have two kinds :

Read the table correctly!
1. Ordinative (setara) devided two 2. Sub-Ordinative
kinds : (pembentuk
Coordinative : clause)
F-A-N-B-O-Y-S (for,and,nor,but,or,yet,so) When, whom, who, how,
e.g. : He buys car but she buys motorcycle what etc.
Correlative : e.g. : she was crying
Not only ..... But also when her mother pased
Both ..... And away.
 Either ..... Or
Neither ..... Nor
e.g. : I like bird, I like cat
“I like not only bird but also cat”

Add is or are to each sentence!

1. Both the teacher and the student _______ here.
2. Neither the student nor the student ______ here.
3. Npt only the teacher but also the teacher ______ here.
4. Either the teacher or the students _______ planning to come.
5. Both the students and the teachers ________ planning to come.

What is wrong with these sentences!

6. Either John will call Mary or Bob.
7. Not only Sue saw the mouse but also the cat.
8. Both my mother talked to the teacher and my father.
9. I enjoy not only reading novels but also magazine.
10. Oxygen is plentiful. Both air contains oxygen and water.

Adverb
 Definisi: kata yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan, adverb, adjective,
verb, clause, dan kalimat.
e.g. : She dances beautifully
Read the picture correctly!

 ADVERB have nine sections :

Read the table correctly!
1. Manner : (cara) 4.Frequency : 7.Introgative :
Like : beautifully, hard, (keseringan) (pertanyaan)
well, nicely, slowly Like : always, usually. Like : do/does, have/has,
e.g. : My mother voice is Often, seldom, never, ever wil, would
slowly e.g. : She always comes to e.g. : Do you want to buy
my room something to eat?
2. Time : (waktu) 5. Degree : (tingkatan) 9. Relative :
Like : tomorrow, yesterday, Like : so, too,very, rather, (penghubung)
today, now, night, 00:12 enough Like : who,what, that,
e.g. : Yesterday, I met my e.g. : You look so beautiful which, whom
bestfriend in white e.g. : all my friends who I
respect
3. Place : (tempat) 6.Sentence : (kalimat) 10.negative : (penegasan)
Like : here, there, over there Like : finally, unfortunately, Like : no, not
e.g. : in Gresik, there is my suddenly e.g. : i don’t know well
home e.g. : suddenly Malin
kundag die

Answer the sentence correctly! “True or False”

1. It’s deadly serious.
True False

2. Feeling run highly.

True False

3. They treated them roughly.

True False

4. I’m deadly sure.

True False

5. They’re right behind us.

True False

6. The joke fell flatly.

True False

7. He is always late for class.

True False

8. She arrived late for class.

True False
 9. Hey work hardly.
True False

10. The answer is wrongly.

True False

Verb
Look at the picture! What is the teacher doing?

 Verb is the word that has funtion to explain activity and condition
e.g. : the tacher are teaching the student
She feels gloomy

 VERB ORDINARY : Kata kerja Asli

e.g. : A teacher teaches grammar
The students listen a teacher explanation

 VERB AUXILLIARY : Kata kerja bantu

Look the picture correctly!
e.g. : A teacher is teaching grammar
The students were listening a teacher explanation

 REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS : (kata yang beraturan dan tidak

beraturan)
Rread the table correctly!

e.g. : My mother called me for going home / she has met him in the school
 VERB BASED ON OBJECT
Read the table correctly!
  Transitive : (butuh object)  Intransitive : (tidak berobject)
1. Monotransitive (one object). e.g. : I go to market
e.g. : you need me
2. Distransitive (two objects)
e.g. : she gives you money

 VERB BASED ON FORM

Read the table correctly!
V1 (Bare infintive), e.g. : speak
V2 (past form), e.g. : spoke
V3 (past participle), e.g. : spoken
Ving (present participle), e.g. : speaking
To + V1 (to infinitive), e.g. : to speak
Vs (third person singular), e.g. : speaks

Choose the correct and complete the following sentence!

1. She has been _____ for two hours.
a. Cook
b. Cooked
c. Cooking
d. Cooks
2. I have _____ those students.
a. Test
b. Tested
c. Testing
d. Tests
3. Danias _____ in my office every Saturday.
a. Work
b. Worked
c. Working
d. Works
4. Sandra _____ her task.
a. Has been completed
b. Have completed
c. Has completing
d. Has to complete
5. Diana will _____ her house tomorrow.
a. Leave
b. Left
c. Leaving
d. Leaves
 Interjection
 Definisi: kata yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan perasaan.
e.g. : Sorry for my mistake! (when we apologize with someone)
Look the picture!

e.g. : Thank you!

Wow!
Sounds great!

Preposition
Read the picture correctly!

 Definisi: kata yang terletak di depan noun.

 e.g. : I meet you in the school
 PREPOSITION devided two kinds:
Read the table correctly!
Bound preposition (terikat) Free preposition (tidak rterikat)
 Like : look at, look for, Numeral Like : on, in, above, at, behind, beside
(Number) e.g. : in the house
e.g. : You look at me

Choose the correct one among on, in, for, just, at!
1. I’ll meet you ________the morning
2. I’ll meet you_________the afternoon.
3. I’ll meet you _________the evening.
4. I usually stay home_______night
5. I get out of class _______noon
6. I’ll call you _____six o’clock
7. She came ______Monday
8. She came _____March
9. I was born _____march 22th, 1991
10. He played trick on me _______April Fool’s day
11. I’ll help you ____minute, just as soon as I finish this work
12. I’ll help you ____ a moment, just as soon as I finish this work
13. ____the moment, I am doing an exercise
14. I am living in the dorm ____present
15. I like to go swimming ______summer

Sentence
 Definisi : Susunan kata yang sudah sempurna minimal terdiri dari S
and V
e.g : She is a doctor
They are studying grammar

 Berdasarkan kata kerja dibagi menjadi 2:

Read the table correctly!
Nominal Verbal
The ordinary verb used : The ordinary verb used :
“be, is/a,/are, was/were, been, being”. “speak, spoke, drink, drank, etc”
Form of nominal : Form of verbal :
S + tobe + ANA S + V1/V2 + O
(adjective,noun,adverb), e.g. : Robert speaks english
e.g. : she is smart

 Berdasarkan bentuk dibagi menjadi 4:

Read the table correctly!
Statement (Pernyataan) Question (Pertanyaan)
a. Positive a. Yes/no question
e.g. : I agree with you e.g. : Do you believe me?
 b. Negative b. Wh question
e.g. : I disagree with you e.g. : What are you doing?
Impetive (Perintah) Exclamatory (Sindiran)
a. Positive e.g. : How beautiful you are!
1. Verbal
e.g. : Get out!
2. Nominal
e.g. : Be good girl!
b. Negative
1. Verbal
e.g. : Don’t love me!
2. Nominal
e.g. : Don’t be noisy!

Translate into good English!

1. Kita sedang belajar bahasa Inggris di Pare
2. Setahun sekali ibu angkatku dari jakarta menjengukku
3. Dia (pr) cantik dan baik
4. Saya selalu membuat kakak ku marah
5. Mereka merasa nyaman dirumah ku
6. Saya mendengar suara aneh di luar rumah
7. Jangan banyak bicara!
8. Pergi dari sini!
9. Ibu sedang memasak nasi
10. Siapa yang sudah pernah melihat hantu?

Identify the Nominal or Verbal sentence below!

1. Computer is amazing tool (............)
2. You have been interviewer (.............)
3. You want to take the trip today (............)
4. Do you want to cup of coffee (..............)
5. Had you heard any new about our scholarship (.........)
6. I will be right here waiting for you (.............)
7. The boy has had the ball in his pocket (...............)
8. I am gong to be there on time when you arrive there (.............)
9. Maria wrote that letter last night at home (............)
10. The smiths has been living the beautiful country, Indonesia, for 324 years (................)

Tenses
Definisi: Perubahan kata kerja yang di pengaruhi oleh waktu dan tingkat
kesempurnaan kejadian
 Present
Simple Present Present
perfect
present continuous perfect
continuous

Past Past perfect

Simple past Past perfect
continuous continuous

Future Future perfect

Simple future Future perfect
continuous continuous

Past future
Simple past Past future Past future
perfect
future continuous perfect
continuous

Abbreviations of Tenses

1. SP 2. PC 3. PP 4. PPC

5. SP 6. PC 7. PP 8. PPC

9. SF 10.FC 11.FP 12.FPC

16.PFP
13.SPF 14.PFC 15.PFP
C
Verbal Sentence of Tenses
I have been
I go I am going I have gone
going

I had been
I went I was going I had gone
going

I will be I will have I will have

I will go
going gone been going

I would be I would have I would have

I would go
going gone been going

Nominal Sentence of Tenses

I am good I am being I have been I have been
 good good being good

I was being I had been I had been

I was good
good good being good

I will be being I will have been I will have been

I will be good
good good being good

I would have
I would be I would have
I would be good been being
being good been good
good

Singing a Song of Tenses

I have been
I do I am doing I have done
doing

I had been
I did I was doing I had done
doing

I will have been

I will do I will be doing I will have done
doing

I would be I would have I would have

I would do
doing done been doing

(Present Tense)
Read the table correctly!
1. Simple Present Tense
Simple Present Tense
Form : S + V1s/es + O Example:
 We are agree with the
Simpe Present speaker’s opinion.
 She speaks English
everyday.

2. Present Continous Tense

Present Continous Tense
 Form : S + (tobe, is/am/are) + Ving +O  I am driving a car to
Present Continous tense describes the Bandung now.
events that are happening at the moment of  They are studying
speaking or at particular time. English.

 Stative Verb
Stative verb is non progessive verb.
a. Yuni! This food tastes Some english verbs have stative
good. I like it very much. meaning. They describe states :
b. Incorrect : thus food is conditions or situation that exist.
tasting good. I am liking it When verbs have stative meanings,
very much. they are usually not used in
progressive tenses.

In (a): taste and like have stative

meanings. Each describes a state that
exists.
c. The chef is in the kitchen. A verb such as taste has a stative
He is testing the sauce. meaning, but also a progessive
d. It tastes too salty. meaning.
e. He doesn’t like it.
In (c): tasting describes the action of
the chef putting something in his mouth
and actively testing its flavor
(progessive).
In (d): tastes describe the person’s the
person’s awareness of the quality of the
food (stative).
In (e): it is incorrect to say He isn’t
liking it.

 Common Verbs That Have Stative Meanings

Note : verbs with an asterisk (*) are like the verb taste: They can have both stative and
progressive meaning and uses.
1. Mental state Know Believe Imagine*
Relize Feel Doubt*
Understand suppose Remember*
Recognize Think* Forget*
Want* Need desire
 Mean*
2. Emotional Love Hate Astonish
state Like Sdislike Amaze
Appreciate Fear surpri
Please Envy
Prefer Mind
care
3. Possesion Posses Have* Own
Belong
4. Sense Taste* Hear See*
perceptions Smell* Feel*
5. Other existing Seem Cost* Be*
state Look* Owe Exist
Appear* Weigh* Matter
Sound Equel Consist of
Resemble Contain
Look like Include

3. Present Perfect Tense

Present Perfect Tense
Form : Example:
S + Have/Has + V3 + O  I’ve read this book.
Present Perfect tense is used to  I have lived in Cilegon for
reveal an activity or situation that 3 months.
has started in the past and has been
completed at a given point in time in
the past or still continues today.

4. Present Perfect Continous Tense

Present Perfect Continous Tense
Form : Example:
S + Have/Has + been + V3 + O  The toddlers have been
Present Perfect continous tense is to playing a ball for an hour.
reveal actions that have been  The construction labors are
completed at a point in the past or thirsty since they have been
action has been started in the past removing the scaffoldings.
and continues today. The action
usually have specific time duration
and no relevance to current
conditions.
Answer the blank below!
1. Diana can’t come to the phone because she (wash) ......... her hair.
a. Is washing
b. Washes
c. Has washed
d. Has been washing
2. Diana (wash) ............ her hair everyday other day or so.
a. Washes
b. Is washing
c. Wash
d. Has washed
3. Please be quite. I (try) ........... to concentrate.
a. Have tired
b. Am trying
c. Try
d. Is trying
4. (You lock always) ......... the door to your apartment when you leave?
a. Are you always
b. Have you always
c. Do you always
d. Were you always
5. I wrote to my friend last week. She has’nt answered my letter yet. I (wait,
still) ............ for a reply.
a. Am still waiting
b. Still wait
c. Have waited
d. Was waiting
6. Every morning, the sun (shine) ............ in my bedroom window and (wake) ......... me
up.
a. Shines – wakes
b. Is shining – wakes
c. Shines – wake
d. Shine - wakes
7. I can’t afford that ring. It (cost) ............... too much.
a. Is costing
b. Cost
c. Costs
d. Has cost
8. Look it (begin) ................ to rain.
a. Is beginning
b. Begins
c. Has begun
d. begin
 9. I (study) ................. for five straight hours. No wonder I’m getting tired.
a. Have studied
b. Studied
c. Have bee studying
d. Am studying
10. We (wait) .............. for Nancy for the last two hours, but she still has’nt arrived.
a. Have waited
b. Waited
c. Wait
d. Have been waited

(Past Tense)
Read the table correctly!
1. Past Tense
Past Tense
Form :  The party started at
S + V2 + O 10.00 a.m.
Using Past tense is to indicate
that an event occurred in the
past.

2. Past Continous Tense

Past Continous Tense
Form : Example:
S + (tobe,Was/Were) + Ving + O  The team was playing
Present continous is used to basketball all day
express that an action happenned yesterday.
at a specific time in the past.

3. Past Perfect Tense

Past Perfect Tense
Form : Example:
S + Had + V3 + O  When he came last night,
Past perfect is to declare that the the cake had run out.
action has been completed at a
point in the past before another
action takes place.

4. Past Perfect Continous Tense

Past Perfect Continous Tense
Form : Example:
S + Had + been + Ving + O  The labors had been
Past Perfect Continous is used to demonstrating for an
 express an action (with certain hour when the manager
time duration) has been came.
completed at a given point in
time in the past.

Answer the blank below!

1. I am sitting in class right now. I (sit) ............ in class at this exact same time
yesterday.
a. Sat
b. Was sitting
c. Had sat
d. sit
2. I (hear, not) .............. the thunder during the storm last night because I (sleep) .............
a. Didn’t hear – was sleeping
b. Wasn’t hearing – was sleeping
c. Didn’t hear – slept
d. Didn’t hear – had slept
3. It was beautiful yesterday when we went or a walk in the park. The sun
(shine) ............. A cool breeze (blow).
a. Shone – had blown
b. Shone – blew
c. Had shone – blew
d. Shone – blown
4. My brother an d sister (argue) .............. about something when I (walk) .............. into
the room.
a. Argued – walked
b. Were arguing – walking
c. Argued – was walking
d. Had argued – walked
5. I got a package in the mail. When I (open) ............ it, I (find) ............... surprise.
a. Opened – had found
b. Opened – was finding
c. Opened – found
d. Had opened – found
6. We (wait) ............ for nancy for ever three hours before she finally arrived yesterday.
a. Waited
b. Had waited
c. Were waiting
d. Had been waiting
7. It was midnight. I (study) ............ for five straight hours. No wonder I was getting
tired.
a. Had studied
b. Studied
c. Had been studying
 d. Was waiting
8. Sam (be) ................ a newspaper reporter before he (become) ........... a bussiness man.
a. Was – become
b. Were – become
c. Had been – become
d. Had become – became
9. I (feel) ............... a little better after I (take) .................. the medicine.
a. Felt – took
b. Had felt – took
c. Felt – had taken
d. Had felt – had taken
10. I was late. The teacher (give, already) .............. a quiz when I (get) .................. to
class.
a. Had already given – got
b. Already got – had got
c. Already gave – got
d. Had already gave – got

(Future Tense)
Read the table correctly!
1. Simple Future Tense
Simple Future Tense
Form : Example:
S + Will + V1 + O  You will win the game.
Simple future tense is to declare that  I am going to meet him
the action takes place in the future, tomorrow.
spontaneous or planned.

2. Future Continous Tense

Future Continous Tense
Form : Example:
S + Will + Be + Ving + O  He will be sleeping at 10
Future continous is to reveal the p.m.
action that will be taking place at a
certain time in the future.

3. Future Perfect Tense

Future Perfect Tense
Form : Example:
S + Will + Have + V3 + O  At this time next month,
Future perfect is to reveal that an I’ll have finished my
 activity will have been completed at English course.
a point in time in the future.
4. Future Perfect Continous Tense
Future Perfect Continous Tense
Form : Example:
S + Will + Have + Been + Ving + O  The cat will have been
Future Perfect continous is to sleeping long when you
express that an action would have get home.
lasted so long at specific points in
the future.

Answer the blank below!

1. I ( know) .............. the result in a week.
a. Will know
b. Would know
c. Will have known
d. Will knew
2. You (be) ......... in Rome tonight.
a. Are
b. Will be
c. Will be being
d. Will have been
3. Do you think that he (recognize) ................ me?
a. Will be recognizing
b. Will have recognized
c. Will recognize
d. Will be recognized
4. If petrol pump attendants go on strike we (not have) ............ any petrol.
a. Will not had
b. Will be not have
c. Will not have been
d. Will not have
5. This time next month I (sit) ............ on a beach.
a. Will sit
b. Will be sitting
c. Will have sat
d. Will have been sitting
6. He (lend) ............ it to you if you ask him.
a. Would lend
b. Will be lending
c. Would be lending
d. Will lend
7. In a few days time we (fly) ............. over the Pyrenees.
 a. Will fly
b. Will be flying
c. Will have flown
d. Will flying
8. The traffict was very heavy. By the time we (get) ............ to the airport, Bob’s
plane (arrive, already) .............
a. Will have got – will already arrive
b. Will get – will have already got
c. Get – will have already ot
d. Will get – will ready got
9. We have been married for a long time. By our next anniversary, we (be) ...............
married for 43 years.
a. Will have been
b. Will be
c. Will been
d. Will be have
10. By this time tomorrow we (have) ................ our injections.
a. Wil have
b. Will have been
c. Will have had
d. Will be have

(Past Future Tense)

Read the table correctly!
1. Simple Past Future Tense
Simple Past Future Tense
Form : Example:
S + would + V1 + O  You would visit me last
Simple past future tense is a desire night
that failed in the past

2. Past Future Continous Tense

Past Future Continous Tense
Form : Example:
S + Would + Be + Ving + O  He would be teaching me
Future continous is an activity at 10 p.m.
should be taking place in the past

3. Past Future Perfect Tense

Past Future Perfect Tense
Form : Example:
S + Would + Have + V3 + O  You would have finished
Past Future perfect is an activity that your home work
should have been done in the past

4. Past Future Perfect Tense

Past Future Perfect Continous tense
Form : Example:
S + Would + Have + Been + Ving + O  She would have been
Future Perfect continous is an eating for one hour last
activity that should be taking place night
some time in the past.

Unit 4
Passive voice
  Passive voice is the sentence subject to work with the sense of
"di" and "ter" used in the passive voice.

A. FORMING THE PASSIVE

In the passive, the object of an
ACTIVE : (a) Mary helped the boy active verb becomes the subject of
the passive verb : the boy in (a)
PASSIVE : (b) The boy is helped by becomes the subject of the passive
Mary verb in (b).
Notice that subject of an active verb
follows by in passive sentence. The
noun that follows by is called the
“agent”. In (b) : mary is the agent.
(a) and (b) have the same meaning.
ACTIVE : (a) An accident happened Only transitive verbs (verbs that
PASSIVE : (b) (none) can be followed by an object) are
used in the passive. It is not possible
to use intransitive verbs (such as
happen, sleep, come, seem) in the
passive.

Form of the passive : be + V3 (past participle)

Read the table correctly!

Present Tense
ACTIVE PASSIVE
Simple Present Tense Simple Present Tense

S + Vs/es + O S + is/am/are + V3 + by + O

e.g. : Mary help the boy e.g. : The boy is helped by Mary

Present Continous Tense Present Continous Tense

S + is/am/are + Ving + O S + is/am/are + being + V3 + by + O

e.g. : Mary is helping the boy e.g. : The boy is being helped by Mary

Present Perfect Tense Present Perfect Tense

S + Have/Has + V3 + O S + Have/Has + been + V3 + by + O

e.g. : Mary has helped the boy e.g. : The boy has been helped by Mary

Past Tense
Simple Past Tense Simple Past Tense

S + V2 + O S + was/were + V3 + by + O

e.g. : Mary helped the boy e.g. : The boy was helped by Mary

Past Continous Past Continous

S + was/were + Ving + O S + was/were + being + V3+ by + O

e.g. : Mary was helping the boy e.g. : The boy was being helped by Mary

Past Perfect Past Perfect

S + Had + V3 + O S + Had + been + V3 + by + O

e.g. : Mary had helped the boy e.g. : The boy had been helped by Mary

Future Tense
Simple Future Simple Future

S + Will + V1 + O S + Will + be + V3 + by + O

e.g. : Mary will help the boy e.g. : The boy will be helped by Mary

Be Going To Be Going To

S + Be going to + V1 + O S + Be going to + be + V3 + by + O

e.g. : Mary is going to help the boy e.g. : The boy is going to be helped by Mary

Future Perfect Future Perfect

S + Will + Have + V3 + O S + Will + Have + been + V3 + by + O

 e.g. : Mary will have helped the boy e.g. : The boy will have been helped by
Mary

Question
(e) Was the boy helped by Mary? In the question form of passive verb,
(d) Is the boy being helped by Mary? an auxilliary verb percedes the
(e) Has the boy been helped by subject.
Mary?

Change the active to the passive!

1. Tom opens the door : __________________________________________

2. Tom is opening the door : _______________________________________
3. Tom has opened the door : ______________________________________
4. Tom opened the door : __________________________________________
5. Tom was opening the door : ______________________________________
6. Tom had opened the door : _______________________________________
7. Tom will open the door : _________________________________________
8. Tom is going to open the door : ____________________________________
9. Tom wil have opened the door : ____________________________________
10. Is Tom opening the door? : _________________________________________
11. Did Tom open the door? : __________________________________________
12. Has Tom opened the door? : ________________________________________

B. THE PASSIVE FORM OF MODALS ND PHRASAL MODALS

THE PASSIVE FORM :

Modal + be + Past Participle (V3)

(a) Tom will be invited to the picnic

(b) The window can’t be opened
 (c) Children should be taught to respect their elders
(d) May I be excuted from class?
(e) This book had better be returned to library before Friday
(f) This letter ought to be sent before June 1st
(g) Mary has to be told about our change in plans
(h) Fred is supposed to be told about meeting

THE PAST – PASSIVE FORM :

Modal + have been + Past Participle (3)

(i) The letter should have been sent last week

(j) This house must have been built over 200 years ago
(k) Jack ought to have been invited to the party

Complete the sentence with the given words, active or passive!

1. James (should + tell) ___________________ the news as soon as possible.
2. Someone (should + tell) ______________________ James the news immediately.
3. James (should + tell) ________________________ yhe news long time ago.
4. Meat (must + keep) _______________________ in a refriginatoror it will spoil.
5. You (must + keep) __________________________ meat in a refriginatoror it will
spoil.
6. We tried, but the windows (couldn’t + open) _____________________ it was
pointed shut.
7. I tried, but I (couldn’t + open) ______________________ the window.
8. Good news! I (may + Offer) ______________________ o job soon. I had an
interview at engineering firm yesterday.
9. Chris has good news. The engineering firm where she had an interview yesterday
(may + offer) ____________________________ her a job.
10. I hope Chris accepts our job offer, but I know she’s been having interview with
several companies. She (may + already + offer) _______________________ a job
by a competing firm before we made our offer.
Unit 5
Question
 Question is the sentence used for asking information.
 Yes / No Question Is Need The Short Answered.
Read the table correctly!
a. Tobe b. Primary c. Modal
(is/am/are, (have/has, (will/shall,
was/were, be, been, had, do/does, would,should)
being. did) e.g. : ( + ) They will speak
e.g. : ( + ) He is going e.g. : ( + ) She has english
home come here ( ? ) Will They speak
( ? ) Is He going home? ( ? ) Has She come Engish
Yes : He is here? Yes : They will
No : He isn’t Yes : She has No : They won’t
No : She hasn’t

 WH – Question is need the long answered.

Read the table correctly!
What ( apa) When (kapan) Whose (Pemilik Who / Whom
 For asking : For asking : Time siapa) (siapa)
Subject (noun) For asking : For asking :
Object (noun) Possesive Subject (person)
Verb Object (person)
Why (mengapa) Where (dimana) Which (yang How
For asking : mana) (bagaimana)
Place For asking : For asking :
Choice How many
(countable)
How much
(uncountable)
How long (time)

e.g. : Two beautiful girls will have opened your house door tomorrow
a b d e f
c
because they want to stay there
g
a. How many beautiful girls have opened your house door tomorrow?
b. Which two girls will have opened your house door tomorrow?
c. Who will have opened your house door tomorrow?
d. What will two beautiful girls have done?
e. What will two beautiful girls have opened tomorrow?
f. When will two beautiful girls have opened your house door?
g. Why will two beautiful girls have opened your house door tomorrow?

Making the good answered with this sentence! (WH Question)

My brother is memorizing some patterns of tenses now in his room
 a c d g h i

a. ....................................................................................
b. .........................................................................................
c. .........................................................................................
d. .........................................................................................
e. .........................................................................................
f. .........................................................................................
g. .........................................................................................
h. .........................................................................................
i. .........................................................................................

The preview of final test!

Answer the blank below!

1. This umbrella is .............. the other one is .......

a. Mine – you
b. Me – your
c. Mine – yours
d. My self – your self
2. ............. house is almost the same as ........ neighbor’s house
a. Our – our
b. We – ours
c. Ours – our
d. Ours – ourselves
3. I gave ........... a beautiful flower.
a. Their
b. Them
c. Theirs
d. Themselves
4. My older sister has many ...........
a. Child
b. Childs
c. Children
d. Childes
5. I bought some ............. and ...............
a. Chairs, tables, and desks
b. Chairs, tables, and desk
c. Chair, table, and desks
d. Chair, table, and desks

6. He worked his job ..............

a. Good
b. Better
c. Goodly
d. Well
7. A lot of the student ...... already here now.
a. Are
b. Is
c. Was
d. Were
8. Each student in the class ............. a book.
a. Has
b. Have
c. Has been
d. Have been
9. Some students at university ........... french well.
a. Speaks
b. Speaking
c. Speak
d. Spoke
10. They .............. in germany for two weeks.
a. Have been
b. Have
c. Had been
d. Had
11. Dede : is your sister stil in bandung?
Mieza : yes, she ......... there since last August.
a. Has
 b. Have
c. Has been
d. Had been
12. He speaks english very well. He ......... it for long time.
a. Has studying
b. Had benn studying
c. Was studying
d. Has studied
13. “I am worried about my examination next week”. Don’t worry, Linda. You ........
a. Pass
b. Passed
c. Will pass
d. Will be passing

14. Arthur usually sits in thefront row during class but today he ............. in the last row.
a. Sits
b. Seat
c. Is sitting
d. Sit
15. Mr. William .............. our class five tests.
a. Has given
b. Had given
c. Gave
d. Will give
16. He is still ill but he ....... better now.
a. Gets
b. Is get
c. Is getting
d. Has been getting
17. In her whole life time, Anna .............. any snows.
a. Doesn’t see
b. Isn’t seeing
c. Has never seen
d. Didn’t see
18. We allowed the children to watch their favorite TV program yesterday after
they ...........
a. Were finishing
b. Have finished
c. Would finished
d. Had finished
19. Mother : Richard, where are you now?
Richard : Here, I ............ my duty.
a. Is doing
b. Am doing
 c. Have been doing
d. Had finished
20. “What are you looking at?”
“My wallet, I don’t know where I ................”
a. Have been putting
b. Had put
c. Was putting
d. Have put
21. Now he ............ how to do job properly.
a. Isn’t knowing
b. Don’t know
c. Doesn’t know
d. Not know
22. “Do I hear something?”
“Yes, somebody ........... at door.”
a. Knocks
b. Has knocked
c. Is knocking
d. Was knocking
23. “Have the boys had breakfast?”
“Not yet, they ..........”
a. Are still taking a bath
b. Will take a bath
c. Have taken a bath
d. Were takinng a bath

24. “What is our planning for this weekend?”

“I .................. my brother”.
a. Visited
b. Have visited
c. Will visit
d. Visit
25. Look! She ................ a good song.
a. Sings
b. Singing
c. Is singing
d. Has singing
26. I ............... in London once.
a. Has been
b. Had been
c. Was
d. Have been
27. I am completely free now. Because I .............. my works.
a. Have done
 b. Has done
c. Does
d. Will have done
28. By the end ofd this week I ................... from Malaysia.
a. Will be
b. Will
c. Will have been
d. Will have
29. The bus came after I ............... here two hours.
a. Have waited
b. Has been waiting
c. Have been waiting
d. Had been waiting
30. My daughter ................. many photographs when she went to Borobudur.
a. Has taken
b. Had taken
c. Was taking
d. Had been taking
31. Your sister was studying while ........... music.
a. Was listening
b. Has been listening
c. Listening
d. listened
32. One of my brothers was cleaning a car when his friend ................ here.
a. Comes
b. Came
c. Had come
d. Coming
33. Jhon ........ here a year when his brother came to pick up him.
a. Has been living
b. Had been living
c. Was living
d. lived
34. We ............... married for 42 years by our next happy time.
a. Will be
b. Will have
c. Will have been
d. Will
35. After I had played football, my girl ............. me.
a. Visits
b. Visited
c. Visiting
d. Was visiting
 Error analysis!
1. I have a wonderful brother. I love his very much.
2. The students in my class is from java. Arthur is one of them.
3. My friend asked to borrow my car because they cars were in the garage.
4. George is a carelessly writer. He writes carelessly.
5. Sally asked me an easy question. I answered it easy.
6. My roommate usually watchess TV, listening to music, and goes out in the evening.
7. During I was working in the office yesterday, my cousin stops to visit me.
8. By the end of this week, some of my friends will be have picked me up.
9. She always join the program at DELTA but he neverjoins it.
10. Their parents have many childs but my parents have a child.

Change these active sentences to passive from statement form!

1. A : You buy books every month.
B:
2. A : He doesn’t invite them.
B:
3. A : She is calling his friend.
B:
4. A : we aren’t studying English in the classroom.
B:
5. A : We have visited her in the hospital.
B:
6. A : A thief stole our bag yesterday.
 B:
7. A : They didn’t answer my questions.
B:
8. A : They were arranging the chairs.
B:
9. A : I will not betray her.
B:
10. A : She will have locked the door.
B:

REFERENCE
Azar, Betty schamper, 1998. Understand and Using English.

Secon Edition. New Jersey: Prentice hall

Azar, Betty schamper, 1999. Understanding and Using English.

The third Edition. New Jersey: Prentice hall.

Morphy, Raymond, 1998. English Grammar in Use.

Second Edition. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.

Allen, Stannard, 1999. Living English Structure. Longman.