so LAR py SYSTEM INSTALLATION | have discussed all aby sill 0 we ; out the solar PV g - be of Solar PV panels in residences holga cad 'ystem, its Components and its types. The eo it aids in reduction of global warmin; is ronmentally friendly. They reduce the ee and traditi re in nature, oe ee PoWer sources. They supply energy dependent ot bl ; n peat a es fost Now days, Solar PV panels are used in diferent, ‘ppes of jetcal d2ViC ys, calculators, street lights, vehicles etc. which ona eae . which operate as long as ci =e harmful greenhouse gas emissions ra Panels are pollutants free and of human beings on fossil fuels, that are gw Now let us think about the installation of the solar PV system. You know the components egirement of a solar system. You also know what safety needs are there and what sort of gsem you have to plan and how. If you have gathered all the components, along with plans and sign, you can proceed for installation. But before starting the installation it is necessary for you phave all required tools for the solar PV system installation. Installing a solar PV system requires a specific set of tools in addition to the components of ‘te system, to ensure efficiency, accuracy, and safety. Whether you're a professional installer or a DY enthusiast, having the right tools can make the installation process smoother and more sucessful. To have right tool it is necessary to know about all the tools that can be used for isting a solar PV system. Below are some essential tools commonly used for solar PV isalltion, Let us start with the safety equipment. You may need following safety equipment ‘yout start the a > A Hard hat that can protects your head from falling objects: ‘ shields your eyes from debris and harmful UV rays. Safety glasses which will / 7 : ip and protection ‘against sharp edges and electrical Gloves are required to provides v hazards. for > “Harness and fall protection gear are necessary "Or Wt accidents ere TALLATION TOOL 1m are called installation tools. . PV syste! . rn Theat basic tools needed for installation of the ue ae saa essentially with them and ate some basi lar panel mnstarer Technology. These tools are See poet basic tools that a SOTar Pt Sven after development of ‘fg’ have not changed since years ‘Ows~ 107IsHAN'S Solar Pane Istlation and Nsinan, ne rill is_a_cordless drill which an essential equipment for every soy in material, fastening Stews, ere “replaced screwdrivers. They aru, fe as well a5 counter clockwise fr whe seen. Fig 44 shows a Baier operated dri, Fig. 44: Battery operated bouncy operated dls ave eliminated the ned of extension cord, The allow 0 ¥O%E 4 the workspace without being tethered to outlet. They are portable with no need 4.1.4 Cable and Connector Tools ‘Tee esallation of PV panel needs a lot of wiring and connections, The cable and 60! tools ae wed to complete the cabling and traditional plier which enable # person 10 rework electrocution. sy system Installation gon? ere Fig. 4.5 shows the set ool 1 45 shows the set of Fig, 45: Cable and connector tols fection Tools near a worksite tom the ction tools poets woes blow 8d we helmets, ropes, hamesses, Fall puna that everyone othe job Se min fig. 4.6 below. a aa1S Solar Panel Installation an nH ISHAN'S Sola tallaton and Moin, 4.2, HAND TOOLS led hand tool. There are hese tools na, EMT conduit bender, fish , 2, chan “The screwdrivers are used for tightening grounding lugs. lops of roof sealant. Knife is used to open the tubes of roof tightening all conduit joints. Sunsereen saves from harmful UV wires through used to cut cables and wire strippers enable to fit Besides these general tools some specific hand tools for ‘These tools include © Digital multi meter © Clamp-on ammeter © Pyranometer + Angle finder + Non-contact infared thermometer + Solar Pathfinder. + Insulation tester re used for Wiping up gx annel Locks are used are also needed, ter is used to measure enclosure, We have already you in confirming quality of power emitted by eact for checking energy output of PV modules, determine voltage, resistance and continuity, It Fig 4.7 shows testing of solar panel with ge, meas ance of solar panels Fig 47: Testing solar panel system nation sP ja.camp-on Ammeter i: ie se clamp ammeter of clamp without connecting LED indicator Flip handle Pere Rotary switch LCD display arva Funetion button enables technicians to securely clamp it ‘an eletrical system. It facilitates current 1 de-cnergization. The hard jaws integrated with a hinge cable, or conductor at any "ment in the circuit without the need for disconnection o of ferrite iron and are engineered to detect, ‘concentrate, vated by current sit lows through a conductor. Th surement of electric c clamping mech ce, and sometimes ‘lamp meter during solar ins[SHAN Sola Pane Isto 4 oe Td Maite, 1p used in solar panel installation Fig. 4.9: A digital Clam White installing solar PV panels, the clamp meter is used to measure current in PV syste ‘The solar modules produce direct current ie. DC. A digital clamp meter is used to measure bo the circuit volige with mult-meter and cireut current by probes in a safe and conveniy, ire ger It measures DC moving through circuit while wired to load. It measures short circ, current also. 4.2.3 Pyranometer (Irradiance Meter) Pyranometer isa solar iradiance sensor. It is used to measure solar irradiance or level of intensity of sunlight hitting the earth surface at a particular location at a particular moment. The intensity of sunlight changes from morning to evening. Also if a piece of cloud comes in front of sun it reduces irradiance. As soon as cloud moves, the irradiance increases. In all, the intensity changes from time to time and may be in very short time, Pyranometer measures it very efficiently. Fig. 4.10 shows a pyranometer with it parts. a we Solar radiation ~~ SS Protecting glass over oa black absorber plate Output terminal thermocouple inner operating chamber gyte instaiion a meters measure global radian, pyro eident on @ sur *. I me ts pittie ne a utie® of pect rena the amount of solar en sti A, Global irradiance is denoted by yo" ng fom shemisehorr nee Is that include direst sunlight ar uty sn eae pment fiat Ti. Mathematically the global nada Sh deo lous in he By) = Ecos(@) +E, eis gven by fog, smog -cos()is contribution from dst suihe Ey is the contribution from the dtised sung sunlight, e \ (oe see pel ase where nd 4.1%: Direct and diffused irradiance monitor the performance of be obtained by comparing the ‘ona pyranometer reading. If In the area of solar panels, pyranometers are used 10 photoveltaic (PV) plants. The efficiency of solar PV plant can icual power output from the PV plant to the expected ouput based thre isa drop inefficiency, it indicates need of maintenance ofthe Pant 4.2.4 Angle Finder ge Sars alo non a a8 ‘agles of a surface. It can also replicate ant 7 ‘helpful in installation of eolr panel We know hat he Po al lily impact their performance. The solar PV SIERO TE Ta Pioned at specific angle and diretion, bah of “"el finder helps to do this. ‘An angle finder is used to find odules are kept at optimum tlt angles ‘their ful oo hat Helps meas te le gauge. It is 2 ws! ls mene erent srtces. Now question a5, Jes of diferent Son and vention of 1! tes nu opt when its ocaton. THE ie, We know that if ‘Angle finder iso|gHan’s Solar Panel Insalaton ang yg, o 116 , he module. This tool feof the module. This tool can be eck the tilt ah : =. frees. Fig. 412 8h0WS Angle finde °° rad the angle in de ich is used 10 cl pensive oo vi pte module to ree frame of the solar PV Fig, 4.12: Angle Finder Angle ners ight weight and durable to, Hs exemey eazy fo use tol Tn as saree nd read th angle. It contains a powerful magneton one end So tha it can easly bed aires metal and oterend contains a V groove s0 that tan easily le on pipes of frame, 4.2.5 Non-contact infrared Thermometer ‘A non-conae infrared thermometer is used fo measure the temperature of solar cell which is differen from ambient temperature. A solar cell produces a voltage of 17 volls at he temperature of 5 depres Celsius. Ifthe cell temperature increase, the voltage decreases. This thermometer permits temperature measurement from a distance, without having contact tote abject whose temperature isto be measured. Fig. 4.13 shows a non-contact infrared thermonet, Fig. 4.13: Non-contact infrared thermometer gytem instalation 2 son-contact Infrared thermomets - Semon fm a a a oct pols, a A AI, ey ig je HS Si get in bl 0 rth Bes it 6 fx on gag gee TEE ach 1s mens em Of ths eee yes ee em TE pe dull: calibrated with emissivity of posolar Pathfinder tar pathfinder is a tool which is used to eval x e ite for installing solar PV system leer en me ene si pe of syste, location and detns vit, up ee soy cease. Shag retin deceased ome coke fo Gay ox pag oo bing, oF anting ee ha an case ase may pp be dete and sigeues may propery be evalsted. The sl panes ee tl fr his ad it ® Freflecton principle. Fig 4.14 shows a solar pfinder oss White dot Blue triangle Magnetie declination tab Fig 4.14: Solar Pathfinder ‘The solar pathfinder determines most economical and efficient cody ‘postion, It is specifically designed to determine the percersst hh devie 8 hel permanent or immovable fetures nar sit like bulla Hi oe allo echoes ttrelectronic, simple and simple to use device which does not ee seod It helps user 0 ledge to operate. It keeps permanent ecard of solar data wi accurate site analysis for years. The solar pathfinder consists of «highly poles 2 panoramic view of the entire ste. Al otal tng else are clearly visible by it because of =e x paste dome that 4 anspaent, cones ing bil pos bin ee Mae's sufce sere SE