OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Open
OpenDistributed
DistributedAutomation
Automationand
andControl
Control
with
withIEC
IEC61499
61499
presented at:
IEC Workshop on Automation Objects
Geneva, Switzerland
2001-04-03
by:
JAMES H. CHRISTENSEN , Ph.D.
Senior Principal Engineer
Rockwell Automation
[email protected]
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 1
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Open
OpenDistributed
DistributedAutomation
Automationand
andControl
Control
with
withIEC
IEC61499
61499
• Background
• Architecture
• Object Models
• Software Tool Requirements
• Status and Future
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 2
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Distributed
DistributedAutomation:
Automation:
An
AnArchitectural
ArchitecturalDialectic
Dialectic
Centralized
Programmable
Configurable
PLC
IEC 61131-3 agility
Thesis distributability
Synthesis Function Blocks Agile
IEC 61499 agility
Manufacturing
distributability
configurability
Antithesis programmability programmability
DCS agility
IEC 61804
Distributed
Configurable
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 3
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
IEC
IEC61131-3:
61131-3:Modern
Modern(1993)
(1993)Software
Software
Engineering
Engineeringfor
forAutomation
Automationand
andControl
Control
• Encapsulation/Reuse Mechanisms
– Function Blocks, Functions, Data Types, Programs
• Application-adapted Languages
– Ladder Diagram (LD) for logic control (“power flow”)
– Function Block Diagram (FBD) for regulatory control (“data flow”)
– Sequential Function Chart (SFC) for state-machine control
– Structured Text (ST) for information processing
– Instruction List (IL) for assembly-level programming
• A Mature, Internationally Adopted Standard
– First edition: 1993
– Second edition: 2001
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 4
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Function
FunctionBlocks:
Blocks:Object-Oriented
Object-Oriented
Encapsulation
Encapsulationand
andReuse
Reusein
inIEC
IEC61131-3
61131-3
DEBOUNCE
BOOL IN OUT BOOL
TIME DB_TIME
External Interface Specification
Control Algorithm Specification
ON_TMR
OFF_TMR
TON IN OUT
TON
IN IN Q |/| (R)
DB_FF IN Q
PT ET
DB_TIME PT ET
SR
OFF_TMR S1 Q1 OUT
ON_TMR
TON R
IN Q IN TON OUT
|| IN Q (S)
DB_TIME PT ET
DB_TIME PT ET
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 5
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Centralized
CentralizedSystem
SystemConfiguration
Configurationin
inIEC
IEC61131-3
61131-3
CONFIGURATION
RESOURCE RESOURCE
TASK TASK TASK TASK
PROGRAM PROGRAM PROGRAM PROGRAM
FB FB FB FB
GLOBAL and DIRECTLY REPRESENTED VARIABLES
ACCESS PATHS
Communication function
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 6
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Distributed
DistributedConfiguration
Configurationin
inFieldbus
FieldbusSystems
Systems
(Physical
(PhysicalView)
View)
H1 Fieldbus
Segment # 3
Control Room LT LT
111 112
PC
H1 Fieldbus Re-Burned Purchased
Green Lime Lime
Liquor
Segment # 2
Storage DT FT
LT 109 110
101
19 SC
111 SC
SC 110 23
24 112
20 IP 25
104A IP
IP
FT 102 104B
102 21
Heater Cooler AT AT
AT CV-101 TT 107A
104 106
103 A/O AT
107B
H1 Fieldbus TT
SC
22
105 LT
Segment # 1 108
108
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 7
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Distributed
DistributedConfiguration
Configurationin
inFieldbus
FieldbusSystems
Systems
(Logical
(LogicalView)
View)
AI ISEL PID PID RATIO AO
AT107B HS107 AIC107 AI AIC106 FRC103 SC103
AI AT106
AO
AI LL AI PID
AT107A AT103 AY103 FT102 FIC102 IP102
AC AIC
106 107
FRC
103
FIC
102 AY
SC
103
103 HS
FT IP 107
102 102 AT
103
AT AT AT
CV-102 106 107A 107B
A/O
Conductivity
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 8
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Basic
Basic Concepts
Concepts of
of IEC
IEC 61499
61499
• Distributed applications
• Object-oriented software
encapsulation and reuse
• Event and data interfaces
• Event-driven state machines
• Service interfaces
• Management services
• Software portability
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 9
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
System
SystemArchitecture
Architecturefor
forDistributed
DistributedApplications
Applications
Event flow
Data flow
Communication network(s)
Device 1 Device 2 Device 3 Device 4
Application A
Appl. C Application B
Controlled process
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 10
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Device
DeviceArchitecture
Architecture
• Device = Container for Resources
• Device provides Communications & Process Interfaces
Communication link(s)
Device boundary
Communication interface(s)
Resource x Resource y Resource z
Application A
Application C Application B
Process interface(s)
Controlled process
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 11
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Resource
ResourceArchitecture
Architecture
• Resource schedules & executes FB algorithms
• Resource maps Communications & Process I/O
Functions to Service Interface Function Blocks
Communication functions
Local application
Communication mapping
(or local part of distributed application)
Events
Data
Service Service
Interface Interface
Algorithm
Function Function
Block Block
Process mapping
Process I/O functions
Scheduling Function
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 12
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Event
Eventand
andData
DataInterfaces
Interfaces
Event inputs Event outputs
Event flow Event flow
Data flow Data flow
Event/Data
Associations Data inputs Data outputs
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 13
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Event-Driven
Event-DrivenExecution
ExecutionControl
Control
2 Execution control 8
function
7
1
Algorithm
5
3 4 6
Scheduling function
= sampling
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 14
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Encapsulation
Encapsulationand
andReuse:
Reuse:
Basic
BasicFunction
FunctionBlock
BlockTypes
Types
Event inputs Event outputs
Execution
Control
Chart
Type identifier
Algorithms
(IEC 1131-3)
Internal
variables
Input variables Output variables
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 15
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Software
SoftwareEncapsulation
Encapsulationand
andReuse:
Reuse:
Composite
CompositeFunction
FunctionBlock
BlockTypes
Types
• Functional composition
• Reusable
• Atomic (not distributable)
– "subapplications" are distributable
Event inputs Event outputs
Execution
Control
Type identifier
Input variables Output variables
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 16
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Adapter
AdapterInterfaces
Interfaces
provider acceptor
EO EI EI EO
DO DI DI DO
plug socket
adapter connection
• Reduce diagram clutter
• Simplify transducer interface
• Capture patterns of interaction
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 17
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Open
OpenDistributed
DistributedAutomation
Automationand
andControl
Control
with
withIEC
IEC61499
61499
• Background
• Architecture
• Object Models
• Software Tool Requirements
• Status and Future
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 18
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
System
SystemManagement
ManagementModel
Model
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 19
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Software
SoftwareTool
ToolModels
Models
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 20
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Open
OpenDistributed
DistributedSystems:
Systems:The
TheIEC
IEC61499
61499Vision
Vision
DeviceNet EDSs
KEY: Project Fieldbus DDs
IEC 61915
Existing & Normative in IEC 61499 Repository ISO 15745
Existing but non-Normative in IEC 61499 ISO 10303
To be defined or implementation-dependent import etc.
Software
Tools XML Libraries:
IEC 61499
PORTABILITY IEC 61131-3
Standard management protocols ==> CONFIGURABILITY
Standard data transfer protocols ==> INTEROPERABILITY
Distributed intelligent devices & controllers
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 21
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Software
SoftwareTool
ToolRequirements
Requirements(1)
(1)
• Information to be provided by tool supplier
– Applicable library element type(s)
– Engineering task(s) supported
• Exchange of library elements
– via XML per defined DTDs for:
» data types
» other library elements
• Information to be provided by library element supplier
– sufficient to enable the user to fully determine functionality
– at a minimum, event + data interfaces + service specification
– IP protection allowed when element implementation is provided
• Display of declarations
– in a form appropriate to the engineering task
• Modification of declarations
– as appropriate to the engineering task
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 22
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
Software
SoftwareTool
ToolRequirements
Requirements(2)
(2)
• Validation of declarations
– as required by the associated engineering task
– examples:
» syntax checking
» semantic checking
» simulation and testing, individually and in combinations
• Implementation of declarations
– as required by the associated engineering task
– examples:
» production of executable code ("firmware")
» creation and interconnection of function block instances
in devices and resources
• System operation, testing and maintenance
– as required by the associated engineering task
– examples:
» facilities described above
» configuration/operation of information interchange
» management services
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 23
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
IEC
IECProject
Project61499
61499Status
Status&&Future
Future
• PASs (Publicly Available Specifications)
– IEC PAS 61499-1, Architecture
– IEC PAS 61499-2, Software tool requirements
• Ongoing Work
– 61499-3, Application guidelines
– (to be proposed) 61499-4, Rules for compliance profiles
• 2-year trial use period
– Incorporate lessons learned from trial implementations
– Parts 1,2 CDVs projected: 2003-10-01
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 24
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OPEN DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION AND CONTROL WITH IEC 61499
First
FirstFeasibility
FeasibilityDemonstration:
Demonstration:
Kitakyushu
KitakyushuCity,
City,Japan,
Japan,2000-10-20
2000-10-20
Operator Interface + Logging
High-level Service Interfaces
HIgh-Level Control, Monitoring + Diagnostics
Control-level Service Interfaces
Machine Control Machine Control Machine Control
I/O
Service
Interfaces
Machine #2
Machine #1
Simulation
JHC/2001-04-03 p. 25
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