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ISBN 978-0-626-24636-5
SANS 17246:2011
Edition 2
ISO 17246:2010
Edition 2
SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
Coal — Proximate analysis
This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 17246:2010, and is
adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization.
Published by SABS Standards Division
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SANS 17246:2011
Edition 2
ISO 17246:2010
Edition 2
Table of changes
Change No. Date Scope
National foreword
This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS SC 27B, Solid mineral
fuels – Test methods, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in
compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement.
This SANS document was published in January 2011.
This SANS document supersedes SANS 17246:2006 (edition 1 as modified by ISO corr. 1:2006).
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ISO
copyright rules. The standard or parts thereof may not be distributed in any form without permission from the SABS.
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD 17246
Second edition
2010-06-15
Coal — Proximate analysis
Charbon — Analyse immédiate
Reference number
ISO 17246:2010(E)
© ISO 2010
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ISO 17246:2010(E)
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ISO 17246:2010(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
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International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 17246 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 27, Solid mineral fuels, Subcommittee SC 5,
Methods of analysis.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 17246:2005), of which it constitutes a minor
revision. (It also incorporates the Technical corrigendum ISO 17246:2005/Cor.1:2006.)
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17246:2010(E)
Coal — Proximate analysis
1 Scope
This International Standard establishes a practice for the proximate analysis of coal and is intended for
general utilization by the coal industry to provide a basis for comparison of coals.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 562, Hard coal and coke — Determination of volatile matter
ISO 589, Hard coal — Determination of total moisture
ISO 1171, Solid mineral fuels — Determination of ash
ISO 1213-2, Solid mineral fuels — Vocabulary — Part 2: Terms relating to sampling, testing and analysis
ISO 11722, Solid mineral fuels — Hard coal — Determination of moisture in the general analysis test sample
by drying in nitrogen
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1213-2 apply.
4 Principle
Coal is analysed for content of moisture, ash and volatile matter. The fixed carbon is calculated and the
results are reported, to the preferred basis, as a proximate analysis.
5 Preparation of sample
Prepare the sample in accordance with the requirements of the various test methods given in Table 1.
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ISO 17246:2010(E)
6 Test methods
Carry out the determination in accordance with the test methods specified in Table 1.
Table 1 —Standard test methods for proximate analysis
Parameter Test method
Total moisture (if an “as received” reporting basis is required) ISO 589
Moisture in air-dried sample ISO 11722
Ash ISO 1171
Volatile matter ISO 562
7 Expression of results
The fixed carbon, Cfix,ad, calculated to air-dried basis and expressed as a percentage mass fraction, is given
by Equation (1):
Cfix,ad = 100 − (Mad + Aad + Vad) (1)
where
Mad is the moisture in the air-dried sample, expressed as a percentage mass fraction;
Aad is the ash, calculated to an air-dried basis and expressed as a percentage mass fraction;
Vad is the volatile matter, calculated to an air-dried basis and expressed as a percentage mass fraction.
The result is reported to the nearest 0,1 % mass fraction.
The fixed carbon may also be calculated to other bases using the equations in Table 2.
Table 2 — Equations for calculating the results to different bases
Basis of value wanted
Basis of value given
As receiveda Air-dried Drya
(ar) (ad) (d)
Parameter, P 100 − M ar 100
Par = Pad × — Pd = Pad ×
(moisture, ash or volatiles) 100 − M ad 100 − M ad
a Where M is the moisture content.
For further calculations, see ISO 1170.
See Annex A for an example of proximate data reported to different bases.
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ISO 17246:2010(E)
8 Test report
The test report shall include the following information:
a) reference to this International Standard, i.e. ISO 17246;
b) identification of the sample tested;
c) method or methods used;
d) results and basis of reporting.
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ISO 17246:2010(E)
Annex A
(informative)
Example of a proximate analysis
As received Air dried Dry
Parameter (ar) (ad) (d)
% mass fraction % mass fraction % mass fraction
Total moisture, Mar 8,0 — —
Moisture in air-dried sample, Mad — 3,0 —
Ash, A 9,5 10,0 10,3
Volatile matter, V 19,0 20,0 20,6
Fixed carbon, Cfix 63,5 67,0 69,1
Total 100,0 100,0 100,0
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ISO 17246:2010(E)
Bibliography
[1] ISO 1170, Coal and coke — Calculation of analyses to different bases
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