INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEM - IBS | Ar.

Shubhi Khare

INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEMS (IBS)

CONTENT
• WHAT IS IBS?
o Definition
o Characteristic
o Types of IBS
• WHY IBS?
o Scenario in Construction Industry
o Social Problems
o Benefits
• MODULAR COORDINATION
o Definition
o Reimbursements
• ADVANTAGES & PROBLEMS FACED BY IBS
• CHALLENGES IN IBS

WHAT IS IBS?
IBS may be defined as building systems in which structural components are manufactured
in a factory, on or off site, transported and assembled into a structure with minimal
additional site works.
IBS is one of the improved building systems that are being introduced to achieve the target
of faster completion with mass production of the building elements in places out of its final
location in a building.
It has been proven successful in some countries, namely Finland, Denmark, Netherlands,
Singapore, England and the United States.

CHARACTERISTIC
• Industrial production of components though prefabrication, “OR” sometimes highly
mechanised in-situ processes i.e. permanent steel formworks, tunnel forms, etc.
• Reduced labour during prefabrication of components and site works.
• Modern design and manufacturing methods involving Information Technology i.e
usage of Computer Aided design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacturing
(CAM).
• Systematic Quality Control i.e ISO 9000 principles.
• Open Building Concept i.e permitting hybrid applications, and adaptable to
standardization and MC (Modular Coordination).

TYPICAL CLASSIFICATION OF IBS

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 INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEM - IBS | Ar. Shubhi Khare

There are various Industrialised Building Systems (IBS) used throughout the world, and
they can be classified into three major categories. According to Junid (1986), the typical
follows: Typical
classifications areclassifications are: classifications are:
as follows: Typical

Frame or post
post and
andbeam
beamsystem
system Panel system Box System
• In the evaluation of the systems, various parameters must be considered, such as:
• The industrialised process used
• The transportation
• Erection problems, architectural features
• Socio-economic problems

No. General System Production material

System

1. Frame System Light Weight frame Wood, light gage metals

Medium light weight frame Metal, reinforced plastics,

laminated wood

Heavy weight frame Heavy steel, concrete

2. Panel System Light and medium weight panel Wood frame, metal frame
and composite materials

Heavy weight panel (factory Concrete

produced)

Heavy weight panel (tilt up- Concrete

produced on site)

3. Box System Medium weight box (mobile) Wood frame, light gage
metal, composite

Medium weight box (sectional) Wood frame, light gage

metal, composite

Heavy weight box (factory Concrete

produced)

Heavy box (tunnel produced on Concrete

site)

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 INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEM - IBS | Ar. Shubhi Khare

A. FRAME SYSTEM
• Frame structures may be defined as those structures that carry the loads through
their beams and girders to column and to the ground
• Their important feature is the capacity to transfer heavy loads over large spans.
• Used in the construction of bridges, parking lots, warehouses, industrial buildings,
sport facilities and so on.

B. PANEL SYSTEM
• Panel system may be defined as those structures that carry the load through large
floor and wall panels.
• Concrete panel systems are extensively used in Europe for high rise building for
ease of construction purpose.
• Used in Hollow core slabs, Interior & Exterior Wall

C. BOX SYSTEM
• Box system may be defined as those systems that use 3D modules (or boxes) for
fabrication of habitat units.
• The main features of this system are in the internal stability as it can withstand load
from various directions.
• Require only large prefabricated sections to be transported or handled at one time.

CLASSIFICATION FOR TYPES OF IBS USED

• Precast concrete framing, panel and box systems
• Steel formwork systems (tunnel forms, tilt-up systems, beams and columns
moulding forms, and permanent steel formworks)
• Steel framing system (steel trusses, columns beams and portal frame systems)

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• Prefabricated timber framing systems (prefabricated timber trusses beams and

columns)
• Blockwork systems (interlocking concrete masonry units (CMU) and lightweight
concrete blocks)

WHY IBS??
Scenario in Construction Industry Compared to other sectors, the construction industry
suffers from low productivity, safety and quality control. Due to the traditional labour-
intensive practices, the 3- D Syndrome (Dirty, Difficult & Dangerous) has always been
associated with the construction industry

Messy Sites

High wastage

Construction industry Labour intensive

Low Quality

Delays

IBS : ADVANTAGES
• Low site workers requirement due to simplified construction methods.
• Quality-controlled and highly aesthetic end products through the processes of
controlled pre-fabrication and simplified installations.
• Reduction of construction materials at sites through usage of pre-fabricated
components.
• Reduction or elimination of conventional timber formworks; replaced by pre-
fabricated components and alternative moulds with multiple-usage capability.
• Reduction or elimination of props due to the absence of conventional timber props
and the usage of pre-fabricated components.
• Reduction of construction waste with the usage of the standardized components and
less in-site works.
• Cleaner sites due to lesser construction waste.
• Safer construction sites due to the reduction of site workers, materials and
construction waste
• Faster completion of construction projects due to the usage of standardized pre-
fabricated components and simplified installation processes.
• Cheaper total construction costs; made possible due to all of the above.

IBS : DISADVANTAGES

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 INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEM - IBS | Ar. Shubhi Khare

• Lack of Expertise/Experience
o Lack of experience practicing / designing IBS by consultants/contractors
/clients
o Short experience workers (manufacturing & installation)
o Defects works by previous pre-cast systems.
o QS lack of experience pricing the IBS projects.
• Cost
o Only 15% contractors using IBS, because the LOW labour cost in this
country is the root causes.

CHALLENGES IN IBS
• A pre-requisite for IBS is the adoption of MC by all parties from the submitting
technical consultants to the approving authorities.
• In Malaysia, MC is hardly used in building design.
• The reality in our context is that most building specialist still apply measurements
in terms of feet, e.g 18f, instead of 6 m houses.
• Public and private sectors would need to play their roles in educating the local
construction industry player.
• Aside from voluntarily changing in mind-set, there must be some push factors to
catalyse the shift in mind- set.
• Incentives and regulatory requirements for the introduction and adoption of IBS
should be the next concrete plan of action to be spreadheaded by CIDB.

SEQUENCE OF ACTIVITIES OF IBS CONSTRUCTION METHOD

AP – 403 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION VII