CHAPTER 41.

Transformation of Sentences
Exercise-1
(a) Rewrite the following sentences so as to remove the Adverb
'too':
1. He is so proud that he will not admit his fault.
2. This box is so heavy that Icannot lift it.
3. The teacher is so weak that he cannot control the class.
4. This news is so good that it cannot be true.
5. It is never so late that it cannot be mended.
6. He is so young that he cannot travel alone.
7. His voice is so rough that it cannot attract hearers.
8. He is so simple-minded that he cannot be a successful
agent.
9. He was so late that he could not hear the opening remarks
of the President.
10. The case is so urgent that it cannot be postponed.
11. You are so late that you cannot catch the train.
12. He is not overeager for praise.
13. Your speech was good beyond the power of words to
describe.
14. Samuel was so God-fearingthat he would not leave the
fallen man to his fate.
15. There are so many boys in the class that one teacher
cannot controlthem.
(6)Rewrite the following sentences using the Adverb 'too'.
1. He istoo short to be a soldier.
2. He istoo ill to move about.
3. He was too shocked to speak.
4. This book is too difficult for me to follow.
5. He spoke too low to be heard.
6. He istoo young to understand.
7. The playground is too far off for even a young boy to go
there on foot.
8. Your story is too ridiculous tobe believed.
9. Those villagers are too selfish to deserve any pity.
10. He is too capable to require any advice.
(c) Rewrite the following sentences so as toremove 'No sooner:
1. As soon as he opened the letter, he started weeping.
2. As soonas he appeared onthe stage, clapping started in
the hall.
3. As soonas it was said, it was done.
 4. As soon as the capain ordered, thesoldiers started firina
5. As soon as Ireached home, it started raining.
Exercise-2
Change the Degree of Comparison in the following sentences
without altering the sense.
1. (a) An ass is not as intelligent as a horse.
(b) An ass is less intelligent than a horse.
2. A foolish friend is not as good as a wise enemy.
3. (a) No other sea-port in India is as good as Mumbai.
(b) Mumbaiis a better sea-port than all other
in India. sea-ports
4. (a) Disraeli was a statesman greater than all other
statesmen in England.
(b) No other statesman in England was as great as
Disraeli.
5. (a) Hoshiarpur is more fertile than most other districts.
(b) Hoshiarpur is one ofthe most fertile districts.
6. (a) Few other poets are as great as Kalidasa.
(b) Kalidasa is greater than most other poets.
7. (a) Dickens' 'David Copperfield' is more popular
most other books.
than
(b) Dickens' 'David Copperfield' is one of the most
popular books.
8. (a) Gold is more precious than most other
(b) Very few metals are as precious as gold.
metals.
9. (a) To act is not as easy as to
speak.
(b) To act is not easier than to speak.
10. Amotor-car does not run as fast as a bullet train.
11. (a) l do not know you as well as he does.
(b) Tknow you less well than he does.
12. (a) He does not know me as well as
he
(b) He knows me less well than he doesdoes you.
13. (a) No other man is as mean as you.
he is.
(b) He is meaner than all other men.
14. Let us see who runs faster than all
15. (a) Nobody else does his work as others.
(b) He does his work most honestly as he does.
16. (a) Macaulay writes more honestly.
historians. graphically than most other
(b) Of all historians, Macaulay writes
17. Jack does not bowl as fast as most graphically.
18. (a) Ashoka was nobler than mostJohn.
other Indian kings.
 (b) Onlyveryfew Indian kings were as noble as Ashoka.
19. Adead lion is not asgood as a live ass.
20. (a) None of his companions seemed as cheerful as Jim.
(b) Jim seemed to be the most cheerful of all his
companions.
Exercise-3
(a) Rewrite the following sentences, substituting the Verb
form for the words italicised:
1. The secretary did not reply for a few days.
2. He accepted all that we proposed.
3. His song did not amuse_me.
4. This appears to be a sound proposal.
5. Lbelieve he does not mean what he says.
6. Keats loved poetry.
7. This pencil costs one rupee.
8. I will be engaged to-day at four o'clock.
9. He did not intend to do it.
10. He did not hope to succeed in his effort.
11. His request for money was refused.
12. The Mayor was not invited.
13. That was not what she meant at all.
14. It didnot appear to be avillage any longer.
15. The girl did not attend to the advice of her mother.
(b) Rewrite the following sen tences, using the Noun form of
the words in italics :
1. He neglected the choice of a good seat for himself.
2. The fairy has a resemblance to a flower.
3. We can learn everything with ease.
4. Idid it as per your desire.
5. lam sorry for the rudeness he showedto your father.
6. He believes in his innocence.
7. Have you received the approval of your father for your
choice?
8. Ihave no intention of staying here during the vacation.
9. He has intelligence enough to see through the game.
10. Heworkswith such patience and diligence that he is sure
to win the prize.
11. lfound to my great astonishment that the village was no
longer visible.
12. The member tendered an apology to the chairman for his
remarks.
13. The villagers were given a warning about the flood.
14. christmas is a time for merriment.
15. A snake has a reputation for ingratitude.
(c) Rewrite the following sentences, using the Adjective form
of the words italicized:
1. It was fortunate that we were well-armed to repel the
attack.
2. Francis Bacon was remarkably industrious and intelligent.
3. He is proud of his wealth.
4. It is very probable that the sub committee is not going to
meet today.
5. To be healthy is to be wealthy.
6. It is unusual that he is such afast runner.
7. It was easy for me to get the job if ltried.
8. He who shirks labour will not be prosperous.
9. King Lear was not courageous enoughto write to Cordelia.
10. The children proved very troublesome.
11. It is possible that there will be a sandstorm today.
12. Iam sure that that was his native village.
13. One of the soldiers was very strong.
14. Being poor made him a thoughtful boy.
15. It is obvious that the minister willbe re-elected.
(d) Rewrite the following sentences, using the Adverb form
of the words italicized :
1. The lawyer examined the documents very carefully,
2. You behaved insolently and impertinently.
3. Regan spoke harshly and severely.
4. He hates his neighbour particularly.
5. Suddenly Hamlet appeared on the scene
6. The accused did not do that injury intentionally.
7. Lincoln acted courageously and patiently.
They lived together in their place peacefully and happily.
9. The boys were beaten mercilessly.
10. Had she loved him sincerely,_he would not have given
her up.
11. Flowers grow abundantly inthe garden.
12. He applied himself to his work so thoroughly that soon
he won the admiration of all.
13. Ikept quiet purposely.
14. Let us depart peacefully.
15. Certainty, he is not going to attend the meeting.
16. Burke repeated his speech eloquently.
Exercise-4
fa) Change the following sentences into the Passive Form:
1. Ihave been promised help by my friend.
2. We are taught history by Mr. Alfred.
3. Nothing could be done by the teacher.
4. Forty desks are contained in our class-room.
5. Is this gentleman known to you?
6. The humble should not be teased.
7. His brother is not cared for by him.
8. Let the boat be lowered.
9. The audience were impressed very much by the charming
voice of Edmund Burke.
10. Let a sheet of paper be brought for me from the office.
11. It cannot be allowed by me.
12. The Government proposed a bridge to be built over the
canal.
Or, It was proposed by the Government to build a bridge
over the canal.
13. He was chosen captain by them.
14. Good news is expected by everyone.
15. The police were ordered to open fire on the rioters by the
magistrate.
the
16. Orders were given immediately by the judge that
accused should be handcuffed.
17. Why is he laughed at by you?
18. Where were you led by the man?
19. Women like to be flattered by men.called over.
20. It is now time for the names to be
by you?
21. How was this conclusion arrived atthe
won by Normans?
22. Was the battle of Hastings by William.
23. The hand of Mary was claimedwas given by the captain.
24. The order to abandon the ship killed by a highway
25. A cowboy going to the market was
man many years ago.
26. It is time for the work to be stopped.
Active Form:
(b) Change the following sentences into the
1. Spread a carpet on the floor.
2. We should obey our parents.
3. People tellme that Iam lucky. of murder and dacoity.
4. They found the accused guilty like?
5. do you
Which of these picturesdiscovered America.
6. People say Columbus
7. Who tested youinreading and recitation?
8. We know aman by the company he keeps.
government in this matter.
9. We have moved the withdraw from the Association.
10. They compelled me to
11. The authorities set John Bunyan at liberty.
machine.
12. The mechanic did not find any fault in the
 13. Floods have interrupted the busservice.
14. We removed the injured to the hospital.
15. Ihave received an e-mail that my brother is safe.
16. Someone has broken my watch.
17. Those who live in glasshouses should not throw stones
18. We must endure what we cannot cure.
19. It is now time to declare the innings closed.
20. Where did they kill him?
21. Does anybody suspect him of murder?
22. The Normans killed King Harold of England.
23. He is not a man to be imitated.
or, Nobody can imitate a man like him.
24. Nobody can separate the two sisters fromeach other.,
25. They beautifully illuminated the college building with
lightsof many colours.
26. An enemy action wrecked the ship.
Exercise-5
(a) Transform the following sentences from Exclamatory to
Assertive:
1. You have done it well.
2. Ihave been ruined.
3. The fall is indeed very great.
4. leagerly desire for a glass of warm milk.
5. It isshameful behaviour on anybody's part.
6. The flowers are certainlyvery lovely.
7. This is not a proper excUse.
8. His death was very sad.
9. That was a horrible night.
10. Our poor neighbours are in a pitiable condition.
11. One of them is avery queer lookingobject.
12. He uses his limbs very well.
13. All his companions should be ashamed of
themselves.
14. I wish toexperience the touch of the vanished
hand and
hear once again the sound of the voice that is still.
15.She tells her story very cleverly.
(b) Transform the following sentences from
Exclamatory: Assertive to
1. Oh, that I had followed your
2. Oh, what a terrible fate awaitsadvice!
3. Alas! How painful old age is! the young man!
4. What would I not
5. HowIwish I couldsacrifice
to see you alive!
hear the
6 How happy Perditta's life is!music of Mukesh!
 7. How tall the houses in the street are!
8. Acurse on allhis activities!
9. How anxious Iam to see him once again!
10. What a great calamity it is!
11. HowIwish Icould be as tall as that!
12. How frightened the Lilliputians were when they first saw
Gulliver!
13. How fast the train is running!
14. How beautiful these flowers arel
15. How base of her to desert her husband in the hour of need!
Exercise-6
la) Transform the following sentences from Assertive to
Interrogative:
1. Is this not agrand sight?
2. Can anyone tolerate such injustice?
3. Willany man of sense object to this?
4. Wasn't Darwin a great man?
5. Wasn't Rani of Jhansi a woman of great talent and
strength?
6. Is there anything peculiar about this picture?
7. lsn't everyonefamiliar with the cry of an owl?
8. Isn't it a folly to be wise where ignorance is bliss?
9. Does anyone worship the setting sun?
10. Is not Kashmir rich in scenic beauty?
milk?
11. Isn't it useless to cry over spilt beyond description?
12. Are not the beauties of nature
13. Are fair words and promises of any avail to a hungry man?
themselves?
14. Does not God help those who help his pocket?
15. Couldn't Gulliver hear his watch ticking in
16. Have Ikept youwaiting too long?
17. Isthere anything nobler than forgiveness?
18. Hasn't everybody heard of Darwin?
any more reminders?
19. Is it of any use tosend him gain the whole
20.Will it profit a man anything if he were to
world and lose his own soul?
of himself?
21.Did Inot tell him not to make a fool every
22.Doesn'the have his meals at seven evening?
teacher?
23.Shouldn't he have abstained from being rude to his
Assertive sentences:
(b) Transform the following sentences into
1. Virtue is its own reward.
2. A dogfeels painwhen hurt. his knife.
3. You saw Shylock sharpening
 enough that he has been disrnissed.
4. His
5. you.
This is not worthyofhealth.
6. Money cannot buy speaker.
7. Sheridan was a fine man's quarrel my own.
Ishould not make another
8. nobody helps us. should not tal.
9. Itdoes not matter if girls
Nobody is foolish enough to say that take
exercise.
everybody.
11. Youcannot please
for the poor and the
homeless.
12. Nobody cares to be a great man.
13. Everybody wishes
nothing to do with money.
14. A hermit has as not to love hiscountry.
15. There is no man so mean
16. The sun looks red.
courtesy demands.
17. He knows whathumiliate himself thus.
18. He should not
19. Icannot ever repay your debt. inthe time of need.
20. Mere lip sympathy isof no avail
Exercise-7
Negatives:
la) Convert the following Affirmatives into
1. Pope was not as great as Dryden.
2. He is not less greedy than Midas.
3. lhope Ishall not fail this year.
4. No sooner had the beast felt thirsty than he proceeded to
the lake. Or, No sooner did the beast feel thristy than hbe
proceeded to the lake.
5. All is wellthat does not end ill.
6. Dr. Johnson did not accept Lord Chesterfield's offer.
7. There is no other city in India as rich as Mumbai.
8. None willdeny that he is honest.
9. He was not inferior to anyone in the matter of intelligence.
10. You will not miss the train if you run quickly.
11. Itis not easy fora man to do it single handed.
12. Even matriculates are not ineligible to apply for this job.
13. This fact is so evident that it does not require proof.
14. No man is immortal.
15. He does not believe my story.
16. He did not agree to divulge the secret.
17. None but she believed him.
18. The new officer is not popular with his subordinates.
19. Nobody could doubt her piety.
20. The servant's faults were not
21. It does not rain but it forgivable.
pours.
(b) Convert the following Negatives intoAffirmatives:
1. Thackeray tried every plan.
2. He is greatly pleased.
3. Every rose has a thorn.
4. Every time is proper time to mend.
5. It should be admitted that he was hale and hearty before
his death.
We shouldalways remember Marconi's services to science.
7. Assoon as they saw me, they stood up and came to me.
8. Only Shakespeare could do this.
9. Only the brave deserve the fair.
10. Everyone wept there.
11. He iswiser than his brother.
12. Aprudent man always lives within his means.
13. Portia was aware of the seriousness of the situation.
14. Lady Castlewood wasaware of the faults of her daughter
Beatrix.
He has spoken better than everybody else.
16. Ishould admit that he is right.
17. It could be just to degrade him.
18. Bose made every effort to secure the post.
19. He possessed ability.
20. Everysoldier returned home rewarded.
21. Whenever Isee that car lam reminded of my young daughter.
Exercise-8
Express each of the following sentences in as many different
ways as you Can :
[Only three examples are given for each sentence, but the 15
sentences together thus cover most of the ways in which the
conversion can be done.]
1. (a) If he dies, what will become of you?
(b) Should he die what will become of you?
(c) Ifhe were to die, what willbecome of you?
2. (a) If you fail, what will you do?
(b) Supposing you fail, what will youdo?
(c) Should you fail, what will you do?
3. (a) He will be there in time, if yousend him acar.
(b) Send him a car, and he will be tbere in time.
(c) He willnot be there in time, unless yousend him a car.
4. (a) Had it not been for the timely rain, the cropswould
have dried up.
(b) If the rain had not fallen in time, the crops would
have dried up.
 saved fro
(c) The rain came in time and the crops were
drying up.
5. (a) If he was not hurt in the foot, he would have shot
the ballinto the goal.
(b) Had he not been hurt in the foot, he would have she.
the ballinto the goal.
(c) He would have shot the ball into the goal, if his foos
was not hurt.
(a) You would have secured this job, provided you had
come out successful.
(b) Because you were not successtul you could not
secure this job.
(c) If you had come out successful, you would have
secured this job.
7. (a) If you knock, it shall be opened unto you.
(b) You must knock if youwant to have it opened unto
you.
(c) When you knock, it shall be opened unto you.
8. (a) If he was an officer, he would not behave like that.
(b) He would not behave like that, provided that he was
an officer.
(c) Supposing he was an officer, he would not behave
like that.
9. (a) If you happen to meet him, deliver my message to
him.
(b) Deliver my message to him, in case you meet him.
(c) Supposing you meet him, deliver my message to
him.
10. (a) f you do not submit, there is no hope for you.
(b) Submit, otherwise there is no hope for you.
(c) There is hope for you, provided yousubmit.
11. (a) IfIhave one more piece of good luck, Iwill spend
my days in comfort.
(b) I will spend my days in comfort, provided I have
another piece of good luck.
(c) If Iwere to have another piece of good luck, Iwill
spend my days incomfort.
12. (a) If you believe in this story, you are a fool.
(b) Believe in this story and you will be considered a fool.
(c) Should you believe in this story, you are a fool.
13. (a) If you were in my position, what would you do?
(b) Should you be in my position, what would you do?
(c) Supposing that you are in my position, what would
you do?
14. (a) IfItold you all these secrets, you
sleepless night. would have a
(b) Should I tell you all these secrets, you will have a
sleepless night.
(c) Supposing | tell you all these secrets, you would
have a sleepless night.
15. (a) lam at your service, in case you need help.
Ib lf youare in need of help, Iam at your
service.
ie Shouldyou need help, I am at your service.
Exercise-9
Rewritethe following sentences in as many different ways as
you
can:
la) Though you area rich man, you may stillneed his help.
You may still need his help even if youare a rich man.
la) He may be poor, but he will not pocket this insult.
b) Howsoever poor hemay be, he willnot pocket this insult.
a la) He is our captain; all the same he is not a dictator.
(b) Our captain though he is, he is not a dictator.
A la) In spite of the fact that you are saying this, Ido not
believe it.
(b) Even if you say this, Ido not believe it.
5. (a) Even a very hard-hearted man will shudder at this
ghastly crime.
(b) Notwithstanding that a man is hardhearted, he will
shudder at this ghastly crime.
6. (a) No matter what you say, Ishall keep quiet.
(b) You may say what you like but Ishall keep quiet.
7. (a) Though he broke the University record, he is very meek.
(b) He broke the University record; nevertheless, he is
very meek.
8. (a) Despite his being a strict man, he was just.
(b) He was just, in spite of being a strict man.
9. (a) l as he was for six months, he passed the
examinationwith credit.
(b) Although he remained ill for six months, he passed
the examination with credit.
10. la) Ishall follow you though you may lead me astray.
(b) Notwithstanding that you may lead me astray, Ishall
follow you.
11. (a) Careful as youare, he may still dupe you.
b) Howsoever carefulyou are, he may still dupe you.
12. (a) Even though he has avery great influence, he cannot
injure us.
b) Notwithstanding the fact that he has a very great
influence, he cannot injure us.
13. (a) He is in a high position; nonetheless he is
(b)
by all. despised
He is despised by all in spite of his being in a biek
position.
(c) His high position has not saved him from
14. (a)
despised by all.
He may be clever; he will still fall into my tran.
being
(b) Though he is clever, he will fall into my trap.
15. (a) Even though he has failed twice before, he will t.
his chance again.
(b) He has failed twice before, nonetheless he will t
his chance again.
Exercise-10
Express each of the following statements in as many ways as
you can:
1. (a) James is not as tall as you are.
(b) James is the shorter of the two of you.
(c) Between James and you, you are the taller.
2. (a) Hardly had he received the money when he lostit.
(b) No sooner had he received the money than he lost it.
(c) There was hardly any time lost (interval) between
his receiving the money and his losing it.
(d) He received the money only to lose it immeditely.
3. (a) Excitement made me dúmb.
(b) I was so excited, Icould not find words.
(c) Words stuck in my throat, so excited Iwas.
4. (a) Japan aimed at gaining more territory by entering
the Second World War.
(b) Territorial ambitions led Japan to enter the Second
World War.
(c) Japan's entry into the Second World War was guided
solely by the desire to extend its territory.
(d) Nothing but the desire to gain more territory led
Japanto enter the Second World War.
5. (a) The gentleman's courteous speech was a means for
him to win friends.
(b) The gentleman spoke courteously so that he could
make friends.
(c) With his courteous speech the gentleman hoped to
gainfriends.
(d) Wishing to make friends the gentleman spoke
courteously.
6. (a) It was her early training that gave her love of painting.
(b) Her early training is the cause of her love of painting.
 lcl But for her early training she could not have shown
this love of painting.
7.(a) He failed because he was over-confident.
Ib) Over-confidence accounted for his failure.
But for his over-confidence he could have succeeded.
(c) Had he not been so over-confident he could have
(d) succeeded.
ial lcan only think of anox if lhave to findsomeone as
strong as you are.
h) An ox alone is as strong as you are.
Youhave the strength of an ox.
(c) As/Because Iwanted to read the book, I examined
9. (a) it carefully.
Ih) Since I intended to read the book, I examined it
carefully.
PlanningWanting toread the book, I examined it
(c)
carefully.
lion.
10. (a) Amonkey is not as brave as a
(b) A lion is braver than a monkey.
(c) Can amonkey ever be as brave as a lion?
than him in the class?
11. (a) No one is more intelligentintelligent student in the
(b) You cannot find a more
class than him.
the others in the class.
(c) He is more intelligent than allless
are intelligent than him.
(d) Allthe others in the classpleases him.
12. la) Her behaviour always her behaviour.
with
(b) He is never unhappydispleased with her behaviour.
(c) On no occasion is he
CHAPTER 42
Transformation of Sentences (Contd.)
Exercise-1
Sentences into Complex
la) Convert the follo wing SimpleNoun Clause:
Sentences, each containing a
that it was weak.
1. The government confessed
2. He requested that Ishould help him.
3. It seems that he has been a good boy.
4. Tell me what the truth is.
studentshow the problem
5. The teacher explained to the
could be solved.
times.
6. Let us hope that we will have better
1. lenquired of him why he had come. arrived.
Þ. Ithas not been confirmed that he has