ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all we would like to express our deepest gratitude to our GOD. Secondly, we would like to
express our deepest gratitude and appreciation to our advisor Dr. Amruth RT.,for his excellent
guidance, caring, patience, enthusiastic encouragement and useful critiques for doing this mini
project report. He helps us as much as possible when we present with any question he answered our
question politely and without his supervision and constant help this mini project report would not
have been done. Besides our advisor, we would like to thank our best friends for supporting us to get
through the Difficulty problems by solving together up to the end and for al the emotional support,
camaraderie, entertainment, and caring they provided.
 Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..................................................1
ABSTRACT............................................................5
CHAPTER ONE...........................................................6

INTRODUCTION..........................................................6
1.1 Back ground..........................................................6

1.2 Problem statement.....................................................7

1.3 Objective...........................................................8
1.3.1 General (main) Objective:.............................................8

1.3.2 Specific objectives:.................................................8

1.4 Method.............................................................9

1.5 Methodology..........................................................9
1.5 Scope and Significance of the of the project....................................12
1.6 PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION........................................12
CHAPTER TWO...........................................................13
LITERATURE REVIEW.....................................................13
2.1 Historical development..................................................14
2.2 2014-current technology [5]..............................................15

3.1 System Block Diagram..................................................16

3.1.1 For Ac supply.....................................................16
3.1.2 For Dc supply.......................................................17
3.2.1 Schematic of 555 timer circuit.........................................19
3.2.2 A stable Multi-vibrator mode...........................................20

3.2.4 Amplifier Circuit....................................................22

3.4 Receiver Circuit.......................................................23
SIMULATION RESULT AND DISCUSSION.......................................25

4.1 Simulation...........................................................25
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION.
5.2 RECOMENDATION
5.3 FUTURE WORK.
REFERENCES. .34
 WIRELESS PHONE CHARGER BY INDUCTION

ACRONYMS

WPT Wireless power transfer

MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor

EMF Electromagnetic Field

AC Alternating current

DC Direct current

RFID Radio-Frequency Identification

RF Radio-frequency

USB Universal Serial Bus

nu
energy by inductive coupling to electrical devices called receiver which can then use this energy
to charge batteries or run the device like radio, but it can extend to train motor and any electrical
apparatus. Induction chargers use induction coil to create an alternating electromagnetic field
with a charging base, the secondary coil (portable) then takes power from electromagnetically
induced primary side and convert it back to electric current to charge the battery. NB the two
coils are proximity connected one to another. A suitable selection of receiving circunt is very
crucrar since erecuomagneuc induction need to be more
 energy by inductive coupling to electrical devices called receiver which can then use this energy to
charge batteries or run the device like radio, but it can extend to train motor and any electrical
apparatuas. Induction chargers use induction coil to create an alternating electromagnetic field with
a charging base, the secondary coil (portable) then takes power from electromagnetically induced
primary side and convert it back to electric current to charge the battery. NB the two coils are
proximity connected one to another. A suitable selection of receiving circuit is very crucial since
electromagnetic induction need to be more difficult as the distance or air gap is wider; the challenge
is also selection and distance between the two ends. Wireless inductive phone charging is a
technique of transmitting power through an air gap to an electrical device (phone) for the purpose
of energy replenishment. Recently, the wireless inductive phone charging technology has been
significantly advanced in terms of efficiency and functionality. Wireless phone charging,is known as
wireless power transfer, is the technology that enables a power source to transmit electromagnetic
energy to an electrical load (phone) across an air gap, without interconnecting cords. Wireless
inductive phone charging provides a suitable, safe,reliable method to charge phones at different
locations. Eliminating the use of physical connectors and cables, wireless inductive phone charging
provides a number of efficiency, cost and safety advantages over the traditional charging cable. This
paper presents a detailed view on wireless inductive phone charging techniques along with its need,
invention, advantages,disadvantages and standards.
 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Back ground

There are three main technologies currently used to implement wireless transmission of
power for charging portable devices, viz Inductive, Micro Wave and Resonant. All operate in
electromagnetic principle of magnetic coupling between transmitter coil and receiver coil to
transfer the power like transformer. The main difference is however lies on how far apart the
two coils appeared and whether they are tuned to resonate with each other. We chose
induction but still with the aid of resonance for its easy implementation and its efficiency.
Wireless inductive phone charging technology enables wireless power transfer from a power
source (e.g.,a charger) to a load (e.g., a mobile device) across an air gap without
interconnecting cords. The technology provides convenience and better user experience.

Recently,wireless charging is rapidly evolving from theories towards standards, and adopted in
commercial products,especially mobile phones and portable devices. Using wireless inductive
phone charging has many benefits. Firstly, it improves user-friendliness as the hassle from
connecting cables is removed.Different brands and different models of devices can also use
the same charger. Secondly, it provides better product durability (e.g.,
waterproof and dustproof) for contact-free devices. Thirdly, it enhances flexibility,especially
for the devices that replacing their batteries or connecting cable for charging is
costly,hazardous, or infeasible (e.g., body implanted sensors). Fourthly, wireless charging can
provide on-demand power, avoiding an overcharging problem and minimizing energy costs.

Wireless phone charging is also known as inductive charging that uses electromagnetic field
to transfer energy between two or more objects, which is usually done through charging
station.Compared to traditional charging with cord, wireless charging has many advantages as
follows:

1.) It improves user-friendliness (easy to use) as the hassle from co

removed.

2.) It renders the design and fabrication of mnuch smaller devices without the attachment of
batteries.

3.) Wireless inductive phone charging reduces higher implementation cost as compared to
wired charging.

4.)wireless inductive phone charging is effective in areas where wire system is un reachable or
impossible.

This credit is for Nikola Tesla experiment around 1891; who is firstly conduct experiment in
wireless power transfer and find wireless electrical energy transmission using radio frequency
transformer that he called Tesla's coil. Tesla coil produces high voltage,high frequency
alternating current. Since this investigation has evolved in advancement a head.Phone can be
charged using plug in with wire charger what we used for long (traditional charging), but the
day is coming to change it to wireless charging and life become more easier no need of plug
through the socket outletand connect by short lengthy USB cables.Induction chargers use
induction col to create an alternating electromagnetic field with a charging base, the
secondary coil (portable) then takes power from electromagnetically induced primary side
and convert it back to electric current to charge the battery.NB the two coils are proximity
connected one to another. A suitable selection of receiving circuit is very crucial since
electromagnetic induction need to be more difficult as the distance or air gap is wider.

1.2 Problem statement

The importance of wireless phone charger is significant.it was made before but we now try to
reduce the time taken to charge and more precisely charge any phone it is simply capacity
building with better efficiency. There are phone chargers mnade by different mobile
companies, but they use expensive coil type which is not available to our market. We are
trying to overcome semester project this problem we use inductive resonant coupling in both
ends to enlarge power delivered and received. Next our focus area is making more effective
and efficient long distance charger better than those made before (without forgetting the
consideration of copper coil, which is not sensitive as the most companies are using less
power loss wires with a great electrical conductivity) they currently use pads but wireless even
though by induction method it is little bit tedious because you ch
of the pad otherwise its performance and efficiency will decrease and you can't get the expected
result. Wireless charging minimizes wear and tear of the charger we used conventionally. If we
can make it further chargeable phone with proximity sensor no need of hole of charger plug on
our phone this eliminate dust particles entering to the hole, but this require economic capability
and trained personally in suitable phone production.

1.3 Objective
The aim or driving force of this project is tohave easy way of charging our mobile phones and
overcome the problem of wire lost specially in our dormitories.

1.3.1 General (main) Objective:

To design a circuit that wirelessly transfers power via resonance inductive coupling to
mobile battery.

1.3.2 Specific objectives:

The main specific objectives of this projects are

-To design a transmitter and receiver circuit.
→To transfer power wirelessly from transmitter to receiver side (the mobile battery charger
side).
-To design the circuit that give desired voltage which is appropriate for mobile phone
battery charger.

1.4 Method

First;we have reviewed Literatures,documents,internet,videos

-Collect data from different areas such as internet, by asking form
looking videos.
-Identify the major components of the project circuit.
-Design the overall circuit diagram of our project.

1.5 Methodology
1.5.1 Wireless Charging Techniques

Three major techniques for wireless charging are magnetic inductive coupling, magnetic
resonance coupling, and microwave radiation. The magnetic induction and magnetic resonance
coupling work on near field, where the generated electromagnetic field dominates the region
close to the transmitter or scattering object. The near-field power is attenuated according to the
cube of the reciprocal of the distance. Alternatively, the microwave radiation works on far field at
a greater distance. The far-field power decreases according to the reciprocal of the
distance.Moreover, for the far-field technique, the absorption of radiation does not affect the
transmitter. In contrast, for the near-field techniques,the absorption of radiation influences the
load on the transmitter.
1) Magnetic Inductive Coupling: Magnetic inductive coupling is based on magnetic field
induction that delivers electrical energy between two coils. Magnetic inductive coupling happens
when a primary coil of an energy transmitter generates predominant varying magnetic field
across the secondary coil of theenergy receiver within the field. The near-field power then
induces voltage/current across the secondary coil of the energy receiver within the field. This
voltage can be used by a wireless device. The energy efficiency depends on the tightness of
coupling between two coils and their quality factor. The tightness of coupling is determined by
the alignment and distance, the ratio of diameters, and the shape of two coils.The quality factor
mainly depends on the materials, given the shape and size of the coils as well as the operating
frequency. The advantages of magnetic inductive coupling include ease of implementation,
convenient operation, high efficiency in close distance (typically less than
 a coil diameter) and safety.
2) Magnetic Resonant Coupling: Magnetic resonance coupling is based on evanescent-wave
coupling which generates and transfers electrical energy between two resonant coils through
varying or oscillating magnetic fields. As the resonant coils, operating at the same resonant
frequency, are strongly coupled, high energy transfer efficiency can be achieved with small
leakage to non-resonant externalities. This property also provides the advantage of immunity to
neighboring environment and line-of-sight transfer requirement.Compared to magnetic
inductive coupling, another advantage of magnetic resonance charging is longer effective
charging distance. Additionally, magnetic resonant coupling can be applied between one
transmitting resonator and many receiving resonators, which enables concurrent charging of
multiple devices.

3) Microwave Radiation: Microwave radiation utilizes microwave as a medium to carry radiant

energy.Microwaves propagate over space at the speed of light, normally in line-of-sight. The
power transmission starts with the AC to-DC conversion, followed by a DC-to-RF conversion
through magnetron at the transmitter side. After propagated through the air,the microwaves
captured by the receiver antenna are rectifies into electricity again. The typical frequency of
microwaves ranges from 300MHz to 300GHz. The energy transfer can use other electromagnetic
waves such as infrared and X-rays. However, due to safety issue,they are not widely used. From
the above mentioned Wireless chargying techniques, we use Inductive coupling of charging using
the application of electromagnetic induction in our project. since,it has an advantage Safe for
human, simple implementation Short charging distance, and it is mostly applicable for small
power rating electrical devices. First of all we have to design convenient circuit diagram with main
components of our mobile phone charger as the following flow diagram below.
 1.)The wireless charging transmitter is powered by an input dc rail of 12 V,typically derived
from a USB port or an AC/DC power adapter.

2.) A switched transistor, timer (to generate pulse), MOSFET,capacitors (to set the
frequency).

3.) Transmitter transmit the coming signal to receiver which is not connected directly to each
other or without physical contact as a traditional charger.

4.) The transmitter has a coil to transfer power by electromagnetic induction into the wireless
power receiver.
 5.) The induced power is coupled to the wireless power receive, which has a similar coil to
collect the incoming power.

6.) The receiver which is the wounded copper wires (number of turns too) is receive the
incoming-signal which is ac signal by Faraday's principle of electomagnetic induction. The
received signal must be converted to dc signal, since the mobile phones are not charged at AC so
we need to convert it again in DC output.

7.) The receiver rectifies the power by means of diode rectifier. It also filters the power using
output capacitors, and then applies it using arduino controller command to the battery to be
charged in our phone.

8.)The battery inside the portable device receives the power and charges up.

1.5 Scope and Significance of the of the project

→Deals with number of courses we have taken previously such as electrical machine, power
electronics, energy conversion, and power system are applicable.
-The goal of this project wireless power transmission mobile charger circuit using inductive
coupling is to charge a low power device using wireless power transmission (e.g.mobile phones,
cameras, flash lights, headsets) which have significant use for the community.
-Can be used or almost decrease the exploitation of some dangers mainly in places where
much fluctuation of power is occurred which is the headache of power engineers.

-Can be used by individuals easily and safely.

-Wireless charging avoids danger to children as it does not use wire.

1.6 PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION

The project is organized into five chapters. The contents of these chapters are summarized
as:-Chapter.1:Introduces overall background information of the system. This includes
background,problem statement, and objective, and Scope of the system.

Chapter.2: Focuses revision of related literatures to this system.

Chapter.3:Covers the system design and detail analysis of the system components.

Chapter.4:Investigates the observed results and discussions.

Chapter.5:Summarizes the conclusion and recommendation and future work.

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW
Wireless charging technology enables wireless power transfer from a power source such as
charger to a load and mobile device conveniently across an air gap by eliminating the bunch of
wire. Wireless power transmission involves the exchange of power without the need for physical
connections [6]. The development of this technology started in the late 19th and early 20th
centuries, when a number of important innovations in electromagnetic research were made.
These advancements established the basic principles that served as the foundation for modern
electrical power transport. During the past 20 years, improvements in wireless technologies have
led to a revival of related research. Public interest in wireless power has also increased with the
application of Nikola Tesla ideas and inventions [1]. As a result of this,the feasibility of
technological implementation merits examination. Different scientists and inventors contributed
to the development of wireless power. Examining their backgrounds reveals the sources of their
motivation and the methods by which they conducted research. The inventions developed during
this time were more advanced than anything that had been seen before, solving challenging
problems and developing the basic theories that yielded modern technology. These inventors'
patents, papers, and experiments effectively describe the practicality and utility of wireless power
propagation. Three prominent forms of power transmission are conduction, induction, and
radiation. There are various formulas that explain how electrical power can be transmitted
without the use of a physical conductor. Each mode of power transport has theories that govern
how the electromagnetic waves carry power from a transmitter to a receiver This credit is for
Nikola Tesla experiment around 1891[1]; who is firstly conduct experiment in wireless power
transfer and find wireless electrical energy transmission using radio frequency transformer that he
called Tesla's coil. Tesla coil produces high voltage, high frequency alternating current. Since this
investigation has evolved in advancement a head. Phone can be charged using plug in with wire
charger what we used for long (traditional charging),but the day is coming to change it to wireless
charging and life become more easier no need of plug through the socket outlet and connect by
short lengthy USB cables. Induction chargers use induction
coil to create an alternating electromagnetic field with a charging base, the secondary coil
(portable) then takes power from electromagnetically induced primary side and convert it back to
electric current to charge the battery. NB the two coils are proximity connected one to another. A
suitable selection of receiving circuit is very crucial since electromagnetic induction need to be
more difficult as the distance or air gap is wider.

2.1 Historical development

Wireless power transfer is under study field. The timeline shows the development of the
wireless power transfer [2]. 1826-1830 Andre-Marie Ampere discovered Ampere circuit
law[4].This law illustrates how electric current produces a mnagnetic field. Michael Faraday
developed Faraday law of induction[1] which explains how a changing electromagnetic force is
able to be induced in a wire using a changing magnetic flux. 1889-1895 Nikola Tesla used a high-
tension induction coil to show the first wireless power transfer by means of electrostatic
induction. 1894-1900 Tesla lighted incandescent lamps wirelessly by resonant inductive coupling.
Jagdish Chandra Bose was able to ring a bell at a distance using electromagnetic waves.Marconi
demonstrated radio transmission over around two kilometers. 1905-1918 Tesla Tower was built
around 1902 for commercial and scientific demonstration of wireless power transmission,
telephony and broadcasting. 1927-1969William Brown put forward a proposal to transmit solar
energy using wireless means in space for use to power a satellite. 1974-1999 RFID first passive
system was discovered. Goldstone Deep Space Communications experimented how RFID tags
can be powered by electro-dynamic induction over a distance of few meters.

2008-2013

WiTricity research from MIT wirelessly powered 60 watts bulb using magnetic resonance with
40% power efficiency at a distance of 200cm. Sony demonstrated powering wirelessly sixty
volts to an electro-dynamic-induction TV set, over a distance of half a meter[5].

2.2 2014-current technology[5]

A variety of wireless power technologies have been explored recently over different power
levels devices such as mobile phones, tablets, and laptops are currently driving the development
of wireless powering and charging technology to another level. Wireless energy harvesting is a
useful method of powering electrical devices in cases where interconnecting
wires are inconvenient, hazardous, or not possible. For instance, appliances used in wet
environments like, electric toothbrushes and electric razors to reduce the hazard ofelectric
shock. In other fields like medical implants wireless power is functional a good example is
cochlear ear implant device. Which stimulate auditory nerves to aid people with hearing
problem.
 CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM DESIGN AND ANALYSIS

3.1 System Block Diagram

The general block diagram of the system shown below
The block diagram of wireless charger consists of Ac power supplier, rectifier,LC oscillator
circuit,transmitter coil,receiver coil and AC to DC converter, which is shown in fig.3.1. In the first
step AC supply of 220V is given to the circuit, then transformer is connected which convert this
220V to 12V supply. This converted 12V is of AC nature and for further process this supply needs
to convert into DC supply. For conversion, bridge rectifier is used.The conversion process of AC to
DC gives ripples in output. For removingripples a filter circuit is needed which consist of
capacitor and resistor. After this smooth DC is obtained wwhich is supplied to oscillator circuit
consists of inductor and capacitor. Oscillators convert a DC input (the supply voltage) into an AC
output (the waveform), which can have a wide range of different wave shapes and frequencies
that can be either complicated in nature or simple sine waves depending upon the application.
Then this signal is given to transmitter which transmits the signa1. Then it is received by receiver.
The mobile phones are not charged at AC so we need to convert it again in DC output. Which is
of low value therefore a current amplifier is needed for the circuit. Electric power is dlistributed
as alternating current because AC voltage may be increased or decreased with a transformer.
This allows the power to be transmitted through power lines efficiently at high voltage, which
reduces the power loss as heat due to resistance of the wire, and transformed to a lower, safer,
voltage for use.
The direct current (DC) is supplied from a power source is converted into higher frequency
alternating current (AC) by specially designed electronic device built in the transmitter. The
alternating current energizes the copper wire coil in the transmitter which generates magnetic
field once a second the receiver coil is place a closed proximity of the magnetic field.then the field
induces alternating current in to the receiver coil. The alternating current in the receiving coil
converted into direct current(dc) by rectifier circuit then supply this dc current to phone easily.
The distance at which the energy or power can be transfer increased when the transmitter and
receiver must be resonating at the same frequency. This resonant frequency refers to the
frequency at which an object naturally vibrates or rings. Maximum energy is achieved when the
resonant frequency become high. The amount of frequency generated at transmitter coil is
depends on the value of inductor and capacitors.
Mathematically
The LC oscillator circuit is NE555 timer circuit which is arranged in multi vibrator mode.The
circuit is designed to produce a higher frequency of around 1MHz.the output of NE555timer
which is taken by pin three (3) is connected to the base of the three general purpose transistor
Q1, Q2 and Q3 which are used as amplifier circuit and to drive the MOSFET Q3.the MOSFET Q3
is used to switch the LC oscillator circuit which farther transmit oscillating magnetic field. the
frequency generated by NE555 timer circuit is given by-;

f=1.44/((R1+2R2)C) according to our design

R1=500,R2=500,C=1nF to generate around 1MHz frequency.

3.2.1 Schematic of 555 timer circuit

The circuit consists essentially of an S-R flip-flop, two voltage comparator and a few gates.
The internal logic is organized as follow.
The output is high when Q in the internal S-R flip-flop is high. The flip-flop set via
comparator C1 when triggering input goes below Vcc/3. Similarly,the flip-flop can be set
low by C2 when the threshold input goes above 2Vcc/3.when the output is low,the
discharged pin is pulled low by internal transistor Q1.
 In the a-stable mode of operation, the frequency and duty cycle can be controlled
independently with two external resistors and a single external capacitor. Maximum output sink
and discharge sink current is greater for higher VCC and less for lower VCC. If we assume the
voltage across C is zero, the input is low, and output is high. Then the internal discharge transistor
is off and C charges up. The output goes low when capacitor reaches 2Vcc/3 and discharge
transistor turns on. Through R2 the capacitor discharges and when the capacitor voltages reaches
Vcc/3, the output goes high. The capacitor voltage cycles between Vcc/3 and 2Vcc/3.

3.2.3 Oscillator Circuit

Amplifier circuit is constructed from three NPN BC547 transistor. we used two resistors as a
current limiter74LS04 inverter IC and R=10. IRF620 transistor are N-Channel enhancement mode
silicon gate power field effect transistors. They are advanced power MOSFETs designed,tested,and
guaranteed to withstand a specified level of energy in the breakdown avalanche mode of
operation. All these power MOSFETs are designed for applications such as switching regulators,
switching converters, motor drivers, relay drivers, and drivers for high power bipolar switching
transistors requiring high speed and low gate drive power.These types can be operated directly
from integrated circuits. Amplifier circuit is needed to amplify a signal which is coming from the
output of NE555 timer IC.
3.2.5 Transmitter Coil

High frequency AC Power supply is given to the transmitter by oscillator circuit which is around
17 volt of 1MHz frequency. Transmitter is made up of Copper coil which are wound into number
of turns as per the requirement we will use 30 number turns a diameter of 8cm.When the power
is supplied to transmitter the coil energizes and results in the magnetic coupling. Whenever,
current flows through the primary transmitter coil it will induce voltage across the air gap. This
induced voltage will drive a current across the secondary (the receiver coil) according to faraday's
laws of electromagnetic induction. This e.m.f causes a current to flow if the conductor circuit is
closed Hence two basic essential part of an induction are i) A
This section is designed to have a tuned receiver coil,rectifier and a fixed voltage
regulator.Expected output voltage is 5V dc with a current rating of 0.5-1 ampere. Figure 3.7 below
illustrates a stabilized receiver circuit. Receiver coil is similar in design to that of transmitter coil.
Running the secondary at the same resonant frequency as that of primary ensures that the
secondary has low impedance at the transmitter's frequency and that the energy is optimally
absorbed. To take energy from the receiver coil, different methods can be used, in our case we
convert directly AC source into DC source by using rectifier circuit which is full wave diode rectifier.
The receiver coil is of same diameter as transmitter coil but the no.of turns is 40 turns. A full wave
bridge rectifier is used to rectify the high frequency voltage into a pulsating dc signal. The
electrolytic capacitor C5 is used as a filter to smooth out the ripple dc voltage from the output of
the bridge rectifier. This capacitor will reduce the ripple based on the discharge time constant of its
capacitance.Voltage regulator 7805 is used to keep voltage at a stable level so that circuits can
supply a constant charging voltage and current to

the low power device. then by using 7805/5volt voltage regulator we supply constant 5volt to
our phone by connecting to USB female connector. In our simulation instead of the phone we us
5v DC motor because we cannot get the phone in proteus 8.6 software library. Coil Design
referring to equation for minimum losses,coil design is very important therefore proper coil
design will directly enhance efficiency. The overall coil performance depends on the following
geometrical characteristics:

1.The number of turns

2.Method of winding the coil.

3.length of the coil

4.Coil diameter
 CHAPTER 4

SIMULATION RESULT AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Simulation
The simulation software we have used is Proteus8.Proteus 8 is a best simulation software for
various designs with microcontroller. It is mainly popular because of availability of almost all
microcontrollers in it, So, it is a handy tool to test programs and embedded designs for
electronics simulation. So far our wireless induction phone charger use proteus to simulate our
project. This project has mainly two sections, wireless power transmitter & a wireless power
receiver sections. In the software our project circuit wireless power transmitter is look likes
-The '555 timer IC' which is an integrated circuit (chip) used in a verity of timer,pulse generation,
and oscillatory applications. The 55 can be used to provide time delays, as an oscillator, and as a
flip-flop element. “555 is called so because of its internal circuit There are 'three' 5k ohm resistors
used in the IC and hence the name '555'. The resistors are connected in series and are used as
voltage dividers.
 ---
-'IRF620'power MOSFET : This N-Channel enhancement mode silicon gate power field effect transistor is an
advanced power MOSFET designed, tested,and guaranteed to withstand a specified level of energy in the
breakdown avalanche mode of operation. We used these power MOSFET to switch regulate and switching
convertors. These types can be operated directly from integrated circuits
-TWO BC547 transistor: the application of those transistors is to control over voltage and under
voltage cut-off circuit, that means we have used to monitor bad voltage conditions and switch a relay
for cutting of the power.

-R1,R2, R3, and R4 resistors: we are used those resistances to limit the overall flowing current in
the circuit.
In the receiver circuit, we have used limited number of electronics equipment because as you
have seen in the circuit which is very simple circuit, so no need of using much number of
electronics equipment. The equipment's we used in the receiver side are
·Four IN5400 diode
·One LED

·One Ll inductor

·One capacitor
·One GND

·Motor

Voltages divider circuit

 14:33

WIRELESS
w The 1N5400 diode we used inPHONE CHARGER
the receiving BY INDUCTION
circuit is used to convert alternating current
(ac)to direct current(dc).

1N5400

Figure 4.6 IN5400 diode

-The light-emitting diode(LED) in the receiver side is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is
a p-n junction diode that emits light when activated, that means when a suitable amount
ofcurrent is applied.

Figure 4.7 LED

-The inductor (LI): we have used in the circuit is just a coil of wire, which isa passive two-terminal
electrical component. When we give the required dc (12v) signal to the transmitter circuit which
is converted in to a high frequency ac power and supplied to the transmitting coil (transmitter
inductor) at the load oftransmitter side. So, at the receiver side the inductor store energy in a
magnetic field when this alternating current flow through it.

MINI PROJECT Page 31

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 14:33
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WIRELESS PHONE CHARGER BY INDUCTION

Figure 4.8 inductor

In the field of electronics, a voltage divider is a basic circuit, used to generate a part of its input
voltage like an output. This circuit can be designed with two resistors otherwise any passive
components along with a voltage source. The resistors in the circuit can be connected in series
whereas a voltage source is connected across these resistors.

The voltage divider rule equation accepts when you know the three values in the above circuit
they are the input voltage and the two resistor values. By using the following equation,we can
find the output voltage.

Vout=V∈.R2/R1+R2

Figure 4.9 voltages divider circuits

 CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 CONCLUSION
Wireless charging can be as efficient as a wired charging. Based on the reviewed literature and
collected data, suggests that wireless power transmission could be feasible. Modern science has
now made it possible to use electricity without having to plug in any wires for charging. Wireless
power transfer by inductive coupling is described in this semester project,we have observed
small power transfer across air gap by using electromagnetic induction when the transmitter
and receiver gap is very small.

This project intended for design of wireless mobile battery charger by using the resonance
inductive coupling. Since the core objective of this project is to transfer the power wirelessly
from transmitter to the mobile phone battery charger the main design calculation needed for
the system is articulated and the circuit for the project is designed. The system bases on
coupling magnetic field, then designed and constructed as two parts. There are transmitter part
and receiver part. The transmitter feed from input source produce high frequency ac source at
the set resonance frequency. Alternative current with high frequency produced at transmitter
flow through transmitter coil. By electromagnetic induction the voltage at the transmitter coil
induce the voltage at receiver coil. The receiver coil accepts the output of the transmitter after
that it pass the power for mobile battery charger. The outputof the mobile is held at constant
desired value by help of voltage regulator. The system is safe for users and neighboring
electronic devices. The design of this project can also applicable for other low power devices by
keeping the voltage at desired voltage needed for them.

5.2 RECOMENDATION
The paper has provided comprehensive report on design of wireless mobile battery charger
circuit. Certainly there is a need for further studly and improvement. This project cannot end
here. It can proceed forward in better way in the future. For anyone who is interested to modify
this project, it is recommended to modify with high power vacuum tube transistor amplifier
with high current that make the system more efficient, to design the maximum distance at
which more efficient power transfer for the system can be obtained and can add another
further design to improve the performance of the system.
5.3 FUTURE WORK
Wireless Power Transfer is an emerging market wvith a lot of potential. As Wi-Fi replaced wired
Ethernet, it may one day allow consumers to throw away the common 'wall warts'and USB
cables now used to charge their Smartphone, tablets and more. Resonant WPT appears to be
the direction due to positional freedom allowed and ability to charge multiple devices
simultaneously, but induction have great efficiency over it but have also some limitations and
inconsistency therefore using resonance technology with induction might achieve our
dream.Currently Resonant wireless power products and Integrated Circuits are only in the early
development stage. Rapid growth can ensue, but the lack of a single universal standard is
currently standing in the way.

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