Mst.Sonia Parvin, MD. Mehedi Hasan, MD. Yamin Ali, Emdadul Haque Chowdhury, MD.
Tanvir Rahman, MD. Taohidul Islam,
Prevalence and Multidrug Resistance Pattern of Salmonella Carrying Extended-
Spectrum β-Lactamase in Frozen Chicken Meat in Bangladesh,
Journal of Food Protection,
Volume 83, Issue 12,
2020,
Pages 2107-2121,
ISSN 0362-028X,
https://doi.org/10.4315/JFP-20-172.
(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0362028X22103601)
Abstract: ABSTRACT
Salmonella is an important foodborne pathogen that causes public health problems
globally, and the increase of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella has
intensified the problem. Chicken meat is an important reservoir and disseminator of
Salmonella to humans. This study aimed at estimating the burden of Salmonella
carrying extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and their antimicrobial resistance
pattern in 113 domestic frozen chicken meat samples purchased from supershops
available in five divisional megacities of Bangladesh. The study also focused on
the determination of β-lactamase–, and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance–
encoding genes. All samples were analyzed for the presence of Salmonella using
selective media and PCR assay. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done by disk
diffusion test, and ESBL screening was performed by double-disk synergy tests.
Resistance genes were detected using multiplex PCR. Of samples, 65.5% were positive
for Salmonella spp., and, of these, 58.1% isolates were ESBL producers. All the
isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR): 40.5% were resistant to both three to five
and six to eight antimicrobial classes; 17.6% were resistant to 9 to 11 classes,
and 1.4% isolates to 12 to 15 classes. The highest rates of resistance were
observed against oxytetracycline (100%), followed by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
(89.2%), tetracycline (86.5%), nalidixic acid (83.8%), amoxicillin (74.3%), and
pefloxacin (70.3%). Notably, 48.6% of isolates demonstrated resistance to imipenem.
One (1.4%) isolate was possibly extensively drug resistant. All the isolates were
positive for the blaTEM gene, 2.7% were positive for blaCTX-M-1, and 20.3% for
blaNDM-1. The prevalence of qnrA and qnrS genes was 4.1 and 6.8%, respectively.
This study shows that ESBL-producing Salmonella are widespread in frozen chicken
meat in Bangladesh, which puts greater responsibility on food processors and policy
makers to ensure food safety.
HIGHLIGHTS
Salmonella prevalence was 65.5% in frozen chicken meat; 58.1% of Salmonella
isolates were ESBL producers.All isolates were MDR, and one isolate was possibly
extensively drug resistant.Of isolates, 68.9% were resistant to 10 or more
antimicrobial agents.The highest resistance rate was found to oxytetracycline and
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.Resistance genes such as blaCTX-M-1, blaNDM-1, qnrA,
and qnrS were identified.
Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance; blaNDM-1; Extended-spectrum β-lactamase; Frozen
chicken meat; Prevalence; Salmonella
