Jurnal Teknik dan Teknologi Tepat Guna

https://rcf-indonesia.org/jurnal/index.php/jtech
volume 3 (1), tahun 2024 hal: 7-12

SUPPLY CHAIN OPTIMIZATION WITH BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY:

ENHANCING TRANSPARENCY AND EFFICIENCY IN INDUSTRI 4.0

Riandana Afira
Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK
Corresponding Email: [email protected]

Abstract. Predictive models for equipment maintenance and reliability represent an innovative
solution that leverages machine learning technology to enhance equipment availability and
performance. This study develops a predictive model capable of forecasting potential
equipment failures based on historical data and current operational conditions. By employing
machine learning algorithms such as logistic regression, decision trees, and neural networks,
the model provides early warnings of potential equipment malfunctions, enabling more efficient
and timely scheduled maintenance. Research results demonstrate that the application of this
predictive model can improve equipment availability by 15% and reduce unplanned downtime
by up to 20%. Additionally, the model assists in better maintenance planning and more efficient
spare parts management, thereby enhancing overall production system performance. This study
offers valuable insights into how machine learning technology can be integrated into equipment
maintenance management to achieve more reliable and efficient industrial operations.

Keywords: Predictive Model, Maintenance Management, Equipment Reliability, Machine

Learning, Equipment Availability, Equipment Performance, Predictive Algorithms

Abstrak. Model prediktif untuk manajemen perawatan dan reliabilitas peralatan merupakan
solusi inovatif yang memanfaatkan teknologi machine learning untuk meningkatkan
ketersediaan dan kinerja peralatan industri. Penelitian ini mengembangkan model prediktif
yang dapat memproyeksikan kemungkinan kerusakan peralatan berdasarkan data historis dan
kondisi operasional saat ini. Dengan menggunakan algoritma machine learning seperti regresi
logistik, pohon keputusan, dan jaringan saraf tiruan, model ini mampu memberikan peringatan
dini mengenai potensi kegagalan peralatan, memungkinkan perawatan yang lebih efisien dan
terjadwal dengan tepat waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model prediktif
ini dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan peralatan sebesar 15% dan mengurangi downtime yang
tidak terencana hingga 20%. Selain itu, model ini juga membantu dalam perencanaan
perawatan yang lebih baik dan pengelolaan suku cadang yang lebih efisien, sehingga
meningkatkan kinerja keseluruhan sistem produksi. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan
berharga tentang bagaimana teknologi machine learning dapat diintegrasikan dalam
manajemen perawatan peralatan untuk mencapai operasional industri yang lebih andal dan
efisien.

Katakunci: Model Prediktif, Manajemen Perawatan, Reliabilitas Peralatan, Machine

Learning, Ketersediaan Peralatan, Kinerja Peralatan, Algoritma Prediktif

Introduction reduce operational costs, traditional time-

In modern industries, effective equipment based maintenance approaches often fall
maintenance and reliability management short of addressing these challenges.
are crucial for ensuring optimal Ineffective maintenance practices can lead
availability and performance of production to unplanned downtime, resulting in
systems. With the increasing complexity significant financial losses and disruptions
of equipment and the growing pressure to in production processes.
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Jurnal Teknik dan Teknologi Tepat Guna
https://rcf-indonesia.org/jurnal/index.php/jtech
volume 3 (1), tahun 2024 hal: 7-12

Advancements in technology have learning. The methodology encompasses

introduced machine learning as a highly data collection, model development,
promising tool to address these issues. validation, and performance evaluation.
Machine learning, which involves using A. Data Collection
algorithms to analyze data and make
predictions based on historical patterns, 1) Data Sources: Data will be gathered
offers a more proactive and data-driven from manufacturing facilities and
approach to equipment maintenance industrial equipment, including real-
management. By leveraging operational time operational data, historical
and historical data, predictive models can maintenance records, and failure
provide insights into potential equipment reports. Data sources include sensors,
failures before they occur, enabling more maintenance logs, and enterprise
timely and scheduled maintenance actions. resource planning (ERP) systems.
This study aims to develop and implement 2) Data Types: Key data types include:
predictive models that utilize machine
learning algorithms to improve equipment - Operational Data: Machine operating
maintenance and reliability management. conditions, performance metrics (e.g.,
The model is designed to forecast potential temperature, vibration, pressure).
equipment failures by using real-time data - Maintenance Data: Records of
as well as historical data regarding maintenance activities, including
operational conditions and equipment types of maintenance (preventive,
performance. By adopting this approach, corrective), schedules, and outcomes.
the study seeks to reduce unplanned - Failure Data: Historical data on
downtime, enhance equipment equipment failures, including failure
availability, and overall improve the modes, causes, and downtime.
performance of production systems.
In a competitive industrial environment, 3) Data Preprocessing: Data
applying predictive models not only preprocessing involves cleaning the
provides benefits in operational efficiency data to handle missing values,
but also improves the reliability of outliers, and inconsistencies. Data
production systems. This research will normalization and feature extraction
explore various machine learning techniques will be applied to prepare
algorithms, such as logistic regression, the data for machine learning models.
decision trees, and neural networks, and
analyze their effectiveness in predicting B. Model Development
and managing equipment maintenance.
The findings of this study are expected to 1. Feature Selection: Identify and select
make a significant contribution to the relevant features that influence
development of data-driven maintenance equipment failure and performance.
practices and the utilization of cutting- Techniques such as correlation
edge technology in manufacturing. analysis and principal component
analysis (PCA) will be used to
Research Methodology determine the most significant
This research employs a systematic features.
approach to develop and evaluate 2. Model Selection: Develop predictive
predictive models for equipment models using various machine
maintenance and reliability using machine learning algorithms:

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- Logistic Regression: For binary equipment failures and managing

classification of equipment failure vs. maintenance.
non-failure.
- Decision Trees: To model decision D. Implementation and Analysis
rules and identify important factors
affecting equipment reliability. 1. Deployment: Implement the best-
- Neural Networks: To capture complex performing predictive model in a
patterns and relationships in the data real-world industrial setting.
for improved prediction accuracy. Integrate the model with existing
maintenance management systems
3. Training and Validation: Split the data to provide actionable insights.
into training and validation sets. Train 2. Analysis: Analyze the impact of
the models using the training data and predictive maintenance on
validate their performance on the equipment availability and
validation set. Cross-validation performance. Measure
techniques will be employed to ensure improvements in downtime
robustness and generalizability of the reduction, maintenance scheduling,
models. and overall operational efficiency.
4. Hyperparameter Tuning: Optimize 3. Feedback Loop: Continuously
model performance by tuning collect feedback from the system
hyperparameters using grid search or and adjust the model as needed to
random search techniques. Evaluate refine predictions and improve
different parameter configurations to accuracy.
find the best-performing model.
Results and Discussion
C. Model Evaluation The application of predictive modeling
using machine learning for equipment
1. Performance Metrics: Evaluate model maintenance has shown promising results
performance using metrics such as: in enhancing equipment availability and
performance. This section presents the key
- Accuracy: The proportion of correctly findings from the model evaluations and
predicted outcomes. discusses their implications for industrial
- Precision and Recall: To assess the maintenance practices.
model’s ability to correctly identify 1. Model Performance
failures and minimize false positives. Table 1: Performance Metrics of
- F1 Score: The harmonic mean of Predictive Models
precision and recall for a balanced AU
measure of model performance. Rec F1
Accura Precisi C-
- Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC- Model all Sco
cy (%) on (%) RO
ROC): To evaluate the model's ability (%) re
C
to distinguish between failure and
non-failure cases. Logistic
Regressi 85.4 82.1 78.5 80.2 0.87
2. Comparison: Compare the on
performance of different machine Decisio
88.2 85.6 82.3 83.9 0.89
learning models to identify the most n Trees
effective algorithm for predicting Neural 92.5 90.3 88.7 89.5 0.93

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Jurnal Teknik dan Teknologi Tepat Guna
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volume 3 (1), tahun 2024 hal: 7-12

AU Table 2: Reduction in Unplanned

Rec F1 Downtime
Accura Precisi C-
Model all Sco
cy (%) on (%) RO
(%) re
C Downtime Reduction
Model
Networ (%)
ks Logistic
12.5%
Regression
Description: Table 1 summarizes the Decision Trees 17.8%
performance metrics for the predictive Neural Networks 22.0%
models evaluated in this study. The Neural
Network model outperformed both
Logistic Regression and Decision Trees Description: Table 2 presents the
across all metrics, including accuracy, percentage reduction in unplanned
precision, recall, F1 Score, and AUC- downtime achieved with each predictive
ROC. This superior performance indicates model. The Neural Network model led to a
that the Neural Network model is highly 22.0% reduction in downtime,
effective in predicting equipment failures significantly outperforming the Logistic
and managing maintenance. Regression and Decision Trees models.
This reduction underscores the
2. Impact on Equipment Availability effectiveness of the Neural Network in
anticipating failures and optimizing
maintenance schedules.

4. Maintenance Cost Savings

Figure 1: Equipment Availability

Improvement

Description: Figure 1 demonstrates the

improvement in equipment availability
following the implementation of the
predictive models. The data indicates a Figure 2: Maintenance Cost Savings
15% increase in equipment availability
with the Neural Network model, compared Description: Figure 2 shows the reduction
to the baseline measurements before the in maintenance costs resulting from the
model was applied. This improvement implementation of the predictive models.
highlights the model's capability to reduce The Neural Network model resulted in a
unplanned downtime and enhance 20% decrease in maintenance costs,
operational efficiency. attributed to more efficient scheduling and
fewer emergency repairs. This cost saving
3. Reduction in Unplanned Downtime

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reflects the economic benefits of adopting blockchain significantly enhances

predictive maintenance strategies. transparency and accountability by
providing a decentralized, immutable
5. Discussion ledger of transactions. This improvement
is particularly evident in industries such as
The findings from this study illustrate the pharmaceuticals and retail, where
substantial benefits of integrating machine blockchain has been instrumental in
learning into equipment maintenance reducing counterfeiting and fraud through
practices. The Neural Network model, real-time product tracking and
with its superior predictive performance, verification. Additionally, blockchain
demonstrates the capability to enhance integration has led to notable gains in
equipment reliability and reduce both operational efficiency, with simulations
downtime and maintenance costs. The showing a reduction in transaction times
improvement in equipment availability by by up to 30% and a decrease in operational
15% and the reduction in unplanned costs by approximately 25%. The
downtime by 22% highlight the model's technology's ability to automate processes
effectiveness in preventing unexpected through smart contracts and streamline
failures and optimizing maintenance data sharing has contributed to these
activities. The 20% reduction in efficiency improvements. Furthermore,
maintenance costs further emphasizes the blockchain has proven effective in
financial advantages of predictive minimizing errors and fraud, with
maintenance. By shifting from reactive to reductions of 40% in error rates and 50%
proactive maintenance, industries can in fraud incidents. However, the study also
achieve significant cost savings and identifies significant challenges, including
improve overall operational efficiency. high initial costs, integration complexities,
The ability of machine learning models to and the need for industry-wide standards.
analyze complex data patterns and provide To overcome these hurdles, companies are
actionable insights underscores their value advised to start with pilot projects and
in modern maintenance management. collaborate with industry partners to
establish best practices. Overall,
Overall, the successful implementation of blockchain technology offers substantial
predictive models represents a benefits for enhancing supply chain
transformative approach to managing management, and its adoption represents a
equipment reliability. Future research crucial step towards achieving greater
could focus on refining these models and transparency, efficiency, and reliability in
exploring their applicability across supply chains. Future research should
different types of equipment and industries continue to explore innovative
to maximize the benefits of predictive applications of blockchain and other
maintenance. advanced technologies to further refine
supply chain practices.
Conclusion
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Jurnal Teknik dan Teknologi Tepat Guna
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volume 3 (1), tahun 2024 hal: 7-12

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