Chapter 00
Chapter 00
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• Normal density civil transport 2 +11 passengers (all looking forward) Wheel Brake Hydraulic System
in crashworthy seats.
The wheel brake system uses a separeted hydraulic system, operated and
• Normal density civil transport 2 + 12 passengers controlled by the pilot or copilot.
• High density civil transport 2 +15 passengers. The wheel brake parking brake is manually “controlled”. It is used to brake the
helicopter parked for 1 hour on slopes up to 10° at maximum running speed of
• Civil EMS 6 litter patients, 2 non-litter patients and 2 medical attendants. 40 kts.
The tail boom, the final part of the fuselage, shall include the stabilizer, the fin,
the intermediate and tail gearbox attachments.
The parts mentioned above are considered primary structure.
The remaining parts of the fuselage, are considered secondary structure and
include:
POWERPLANT
• pilot doors The power plant shall comprise: engines and related installation, fire detection
and extinguishing system.
• passenger doors
• inspection doors Engines
• transparencies The helicopter is powered by two PT6C-67C turbine engines. The engines are
installed in separated fireproof areas above the cabin roof and supply power
• main gearbox cowlings
to the input gears of the drive system by means of a rotating shaft which
• fairings transmits pure torque.
The engines are connected to the helicopter airframe by means of two
• radomes.
attachment points on the engine body and to the main gearbox by means of a
tube and gimbaled joint.
Air is supplied to the engine via individual, side facing air inlets.
LANDING GEAR
The engines are started by a DC electrical starting system and are fed by the
The landing gear is of nose tricycle, telescopic arm, fully retractable type with fuel system.
separated retracting actuator. Engine control is achieved via a control panel located in the cockpit and manual
back-up of the engine control via push-pull cables.
The main landing gear is a single wheel type with hydraulic wheel brakes. The engines are provided with torque sensing and matching and with
automatic power increase of one engine in case of failure of the other engine.
The nose landing gear is a dual wheel, free swivelling type and is fitted with a
centering device to ensure the gear is centered before retraction; the capability
for pilot to lock/unlock the nose gear in the centered position is provided.
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Fire Detection / Extinguishing Both gearboxes have four isolated attachment points and are oil splash
lubricated.
The fire detection system operates on 28 VDC and consists of a continuous
wire detector installed in the power plant fire zones, routed in a way that allows
coverage of all critical areas such as ventilation outlets, combustor/ tailpipe Rotors
sections, fuel supply, control regions, etc.
The fire suppression system, required for the two main engine bays, consists The rotor system consists a main rotor (MR) and tail rotor (TR).
of directional flow valves which allows discharge of the contents of one bottle
while sealing the connection to the other bottle and allows subsequent Mr
discharge of the other bottle in the same bay on pilot's command.
The main rotor is a five bladed, fully articulated rotor composed of following
major components:
• main rotor head.
DRIVE SYSTEM • rotating controls.
The drive system consists of a main gearbox (MGB) and a tail rotor drive • blades.
system. The main rotor head consists of a hub, elastomeric bearings, tension links,
hydraulic type dampers, droop stops, pitch change levers and blade
Mgb connection bolts.
The main gearbox is mounted on the main cabin by means of four struts and Control is obtained by means of a rotating and stationary swashplate separated
an anti-torque device, and driven by two PT6C-67C engines. by grease lubricated ball bearings.
The main gearbox has three stages of reduction. The stationary swashplate is connected to the main rotor servos, while the
The main gearbox includes its own autonomous, duplicated oil lubrication rotating swashplate is connected to each blade by means of an adjustable pitch
system. link, and to the rotor head by means of two scissor links.
It also provides the attachment points for a hydraulically actuated rotor brake, The basic, non de-iced blade is a complete composite structure with a
coaxial with the tail rotor drive output. fiberglass epoxy spar. A parabolic tip is provided.
The main gearbox drives three hydraulic pumps, a spare for two AC The leading edge is protected by stainless steel erosion shield.
generators, a fan for main gearbox oil cooling and a spare for the air The blade is protected against lightning damage by an appropriate lightning
conditioning compressor. conductor strip connected from the tip to the root of the blade.
When de-icing is installed, an electrical heater mat shall be provided under
erosion shield.
T.r Drive
The tail rotor drive system consists of three drive shafts driven by the main
gearbox, an intermediate gearbox and a tail gearbox.
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Tr FUEL SYSTEM
The tail rotor is a four blade articulated rotor. The fuel system is composed of rubber fuel tanks, filler cap, fuel selector
The blades are of composite material construction, with leading edge protected manifold, boost pumps, fuel quantity gauging system, drain valves, pressure
by a metallic strip. switches, non-return valves, fuel venting system and fuel lines.
The hub is titanium with elastomeric bearings providing the capability of pitch, The fuel tanks are located in the rear area of the cabin (behind the passengers
flap and drag blade motions; an elastomeric damper for each blade is provided. cabin) and each contains a boost pump, engine feed line, fuel and water drain
When de-icing is installed, an electrical heather mat shall be provided under valve to supply one engine.
the anti abrasive strip. Filling is achieved by gravity only throught the filler cap on the RH SIDE of A/
The rotating controls are internal to the mast and consist of a control rod C.
connected on one side to the yaw servo and on the other to a four arm pitch The fuel selector manifold allows fuel supply to each engine, engine integrated
change lever, which in turn is connected to the blades by four pitch links. shut-off and engine cross-feed.
The fuel quantity gauging system is composed of four capacity probes, fuel
computer unit and a fuel low level sensor for each tank.
The fuel venting system consists of pipes of appropriate diameter for each tank
FIXED FLYING CONTROL SYSTEM and are designed to prevent leakage in case of roll-over after crash landing.
The fixed flying control system is part of the system used to control the
helicopter flight. HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
The fixed flying control system includes four channels to control the flight:
The hydraulic system is divided into the Flight Control and Landing Gear
longitudinal cyclic, lateral cyclic, yaw, collective.
Hydraulic Systems.
The control system is basically a single system operated by a pilot (with dual
The hydraulic system comprises two separated independent and redundant
copilot controls as an option) in a side-by-side cockpit.
circuits (Circuit 1 and Circuit 2) each supplied by hydraulic pumps.
The fixed flying control system includes all the elements (levers, rods,
Each of the two circuits is capable of providing the power to the flight controls
supports, etc.) from the pilot input (i.e. cyclic and collective sticks and pedals)
servo actuators separately.
up to the main gear box servo-actuators and up to the tail rotor servo actuator.
The hydraulic power for Circuit 1 is provided by the Pump 1 (Hydraulic Pump)
The fixed flight control system includes:
and by the EP (Electrical Pump).
• The series actuators of the autopilot for the three channels (longitudinal The electrical pump is only able to satisfy the flow requirements of the F/C
and lateral cyclic, yaw). A fourth series actuators shall be foreseen for during the pre-flight check.
the optional fourth channel (collective). The hydraulic power for Circuit 2 is provided by the Pump 2 and by the Pump
• The parallel actuators used to guarantee the artificial sensibility and full 4.
operation of the autopilot. On each circuit is installed a PCM (Power Control Module) which receives the
Hydraulic oil flow from the Hydraulic Power Supply and distributes it to the
Flight Controls actuators and to the Landing Gear circuit.
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On Circuit 2, on the pressure line going to the Tail Rotor Actuator, an isolation The external power can supply power to the A/C buses.
valve TRSOV (Tail Rotor Shut-off Valve) is also provided.
For ground test and emergency condition, a Flight Controls circuit shut-off
valve is integrated in each PCM to allow: shut-off the flight controls circuit, A.c. Generating (N.a.)
check the functioning of the Flight Controls actuators section and isolate the
Flight Controls actuators in case of circuit overtemperature, increasing the
survivability of the other section of the Flight Controls actuators. LIGHTING
For safety reasons, another shut-off valve is installed in each PCM to allow to
The lighting system includes interior and exterior lighting subsystems.
shut-off the utility circuits, increasing the survivability of the Flight Control
The interior lighting subsystem consists of instruments lighting, panels lighting,
functions.
overhead panels lighting and cockpit utility lighting.
Hydraulic power to the Landing Gear actuators is furnished by the PCMs to
The exterior lighting subsystem consists of anti collision lights, position lights
extend and retract the main and nose landing gear.
and landing lights.
The normal function (extension and retraction) is supplied by PCM 2, while the
NVG compatibility can be provided at customer option.
emergency function (down emergency) is supplied by PCM 1.
Emergency lighting system.
The Main and Nose Landing Gear are maintained in UP position by the
hydraulic pressure (no mechanical uplocks are provided).
The extended DOWN position is maintained with the use of mechanical locks
in the Main and Nose gear actuators.
COCKPIT AND CABIN VENTILATION SYSTEM
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM The ventilation system consists of two separate subsystems for cockpit and
cabin ventilation. Heating and cooling systems are provided as optional kits.
D.c. Generating (24v)
Cockpit
The DC power is provided by two 30 V 300 A DC air cooled generator.
The power supply is then distributed through two lower distribution panels to The system draws outside air from two intakes in the nose section and provides
the MAIN-ESS-NON ESS buses. separate (pilot and co-pilot) ventilation and windshield defogging.
The two batteries (40 Ah and 13 Ah) provides a back-up source of emergency Each individual system is fitted with a blower and provides control of ventilation
DC power in the event that both generators fail. and defogging airflow. It shall be possible to interface the system with the
The two batteries are also use for starting the engine when the extend power optional heating and cooling systems.
supply is not available: the main battery (40 Ah) provides power to starter
generator while the auxiliary (13 Ah) supports the essential bus loods during
the start sequence.
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OPERATING PERFORMANCE
• Vne (AEO) – Up to Hd = 6000 ft........................................ 167 KIAS
• Rate of Climb (@ AEO, MCP, 6400 Kg)............................ 2150 fpm
• Service Ceiling (Hp or Hd) .................................................. 20000 ft
• Hovering Ceiling (IGE & OGE, @ MCP, AEO).......... Up to 18000 ft
• Takeoff & Landing Ceiling (Hp or Hd)........................ Up to 14000 ft
• Operating Temperature.................................... -40°C to ISA + 35°C
WEIGHT LIMITS
• Maximum gross weight for CAT B take-off/landing............. 6400 Kg
• Increased Gross Weight (Kit P/N 4G0000F00111 – see
RFM Suppl-50).................................................................... 6800 Kg
• Minimum flight/rotor-turning gross weight........................... 4400 Kg
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PRINCIPAL DIMENSION
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CABIN – CONFIGURATIONS
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ELECTRONIC/AVIONIC RACKS
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POWER PLANT
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MAIN ROTOR
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TAIL ROTOR
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LANDING GEAR
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FUEL SYSTEM
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VENTILATION SYSTEM
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HEATING SYSTEM
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The following noise levels comply with ICAO Annex 16, Chapter 8 Amdt 7,
Model: AW139 Engine Pratt and Whitney PT6C-67C Gross Weight 6400 Kg
Configuration Level Flyover ENPL (EPNdB) Take Off EPNL (EPNdB) Approach EPNL (EPNdB)
Clean aircraft No external kits installed 100% NR 100% NR 102% NR 100% NR 102% NR
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COCKPIT AW139
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INSTRUMENT PANEL
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CENTRAL CONSOLE
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OVERHEAD CONSOLE
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MAGNETIC COMPASS
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PILOT/COPILOT CLOCK
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ADI STANDBY
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GENERAL
The following conversion tables are included:
• Temperature
• Length
• Pressure
• Torque
• Volume (US units)
• Volume (Imperial units)
• Power
• Weight / Force
• Jet B / JP4 Fuel
• Jet A1 / JP5 / JP8 Fuel
To obtain the unit conversion always multiply by the number following in the
arrow.
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MAINTENANCE INFORMATION
NOTE A
Refer to the following data modules:
DMC 39-A-00-20-00-00A-120A-A
Helicopter safety – Make the helicopter safe for maintenance
DMC 39-A-10-11-00-00A-000A-A
Helicopter – Parking in normal conditions – General
In order to prepare the helicopter for a safe maintenance, the following steps
must be achieved:
• Connect an earth point to the helicopter
• Make sure the BATTERY MASTER switch is set to OFF
• Open the following circuit breakers under ENGINE system on the
overhead console:
• IGN 1
• IGN 2
• START 1
• START 2
• Disconnect the quick-disconnect plug from the main and auxiliary
batteries.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
• You must connect the bonding cable to the earth (ground) point before
you connect it to the helicopter. If you do not obey this instruction you can
cause an injury to persons and/or damage to the equipment.
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BATTERIES DISCONNECTION
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Illustrated Parts Data Publication Compliance with Service Bulletins is MANDATORY within the time limits
specified in the “accomplishment sections” unless the Bulletin is classified as
It provides the illustration and identification data about the replaceable parts
optional.
of the air vehicle for which the maintenance procedures has been provided.
Information Letter
Fault Isolation Publication
Are issued to provide the operator with “useful information” such as:
It provides the information and procedures required by the user to isolate faults
Maintenance Manual clarifications; suggestions for better operating,
not identified by built-in test equipment.
maintenance or inspection procedures; changes to component T.B.O. or T.B.I:
requirements.
Wiring Data Publication With the exception of T.B.O. and T.B.I. requirements, compliance with
Information Letters is at the discretion of the individual operator.
It provides all the electrical/electronic wiring diagrams required for
maintenance tasks.
Technical Bulletin
Are issued by the manufacturer to provide technical information which affects
the airworthiness of the helicopter.
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1 2 3 4 5 6
• The component (eg: 01, Number 1 power control module).
DMC 39 A XX-XX-XX YXA XXXA A
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The disassembly code variant is a letter (letter I and O are not used) which • 520................................................................... Remove procedures
identifies alternative items.
These items are different, but the difference is too small to cause a change in • 530............................................................ Disassemble procedures
the system difference code. • 550...................................................... Unload software procedures
• 600........................................ Repairs and locally make procedures
5 - Information code and information code variant and data
Information code • 610............................................................................. Add materials
The information code is a three-digit code.
The information code identifies the types of information you can find in the data
• 620.......................................................................... Attach materials
module. • 630........................................ Change the mechanical strength/
000 is used for the systems, for which the SNS identifies the type of information structure of materials
in the data module (eg: 05-10 is “time limits”, you must write 000).
• 640.......................................... Change the surface finish of
The primary codes used in the publication set for the helicopter are written materials
below:
Code Definition • 650...................................................................... Remove materials
• 040........................................ Description of how it is made and its • 660......................................... Structure repair procedures and data
function
• 670............................................ Locally make procedures and data
• 050...................................................................... Diagrams and lists
• 700........................................ Assemble, install and connect
• 060......................................... Aerospace ground equipment, tools procedures
and software
• 710................................................................. Assemble procedures
• 070...................................... Consumables, material and
expendables • 720....................................................................... Install procedures
• 080................................................................ Mixtures and solutions • 800..................................................... Storage procedures and data
• 090............................................................. Software documentation • 810............................................................ Preservation procedures
• 200..................................................................................... Servicing • 820........................................ Procedures to remove preservation
material
• 500....................................... Disconnect, remove and disassemble
procedures • 830........................................ Procedures to put items in containers
• 510............................................................... Disconnect procedures • 840........................................ Procedures to remove items from
containers
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