KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY Mark Scored:
End Semester Examination
August/September, 2017
Level : B. E./B. Sc. Course :COMP 342
Year : III Semester : I & II
Exam Roll No. : Time: 30 min F. M. : 10
Registration No. : Date :
SECTION “A”
[20×0.5=10marks]
Tick (√) the best answer(s) or fill in the blanks with most appropriate word/phrase.
1. In which application of computer graphics, automobile simulator is used to test drivers’
reaction for optimizing vehicle design to maximize traffic safety?
[ ]Computer-Aided Design [ ] Visualization
[ ] Education and Training [ ] Image Processing
2. Along the circle section from y=0 to x=y in the first quadrant, we can take unit steps in
over this octant.
[ ] positive X direction [ ] Negative X direction
[ ] positive Y direction [ ] Negative Y direction
3. While drawing line with end point (20, 10) and (30, 18) using bresenham algorithm, the
initial decision parameter P0is___________
[ ] -4 [ ]6 [ ] 16 [ ] -2
4. In RGB monitors with raster graphics system having 24 bits per pixel in the frame buffer.
How many different voltage settings for each electron gun are available?
[ ] 17 million [ ]256 [ ] 128 [ ] 512
5. In basic video-controller refresh operations the raster-scan generator unit generates:
a. Horizontal and vertical deflection voltages b. Values for X and Y registers
c. Values of Pixel Register
[ ]a&b [ ]b&c [ ] a only [ ] a, b &c
6. What is RLE is?
[ ] Scan conversion
[ ] storing lookup table
[ ] mixing frame buffer image with an input image from camera
[ ]image compression
7. Rotate the line with vertices A (1, 1) and B (5, 2) by 900, about the point P (1, 1). What
is/are the coordinates of rotated line?
[ ] (2, 2) and (5, 2) [ ] (-1, 1) and (-2, 5) [ ] (1, 1) and (0, 5) [ ](1, 1) and (5, 2)
8. Where will be the reflection of point (X, Y) lies, if we are performing a reflection relative
to an axis perpendicular to the xy plane and passing through the coordinate origin?
[ ](X, -Y) [ ](-X, Y) [ ](Y, X) [ ] (-X, -Y)
9. The 2D rotation and scaling is commutative if :
a) Sx = Sy b) θ = nП c)θ = 450
[ ]a&b [ ]a&c [ ]b&c [ ] a, b &c
10. What will be the region code for the line with endpoints (1, -2, 3, 3) against rectangular
clipping window (-3, 1, 2, 6) in Cohen-Sutherland line clipping algorithm?
[ ](0000)(0010) [ ] (0110) (0010) [ ] (0100) (0000) [ ] (0100) (0010)
11. In Sutherland-Hodgeman Polygon Clipping algorithm, if first vertex is inside the window
boundary and second vertex is outside the window boundary, what is added in the output
list?
[ ] Intersection point & first vertex [ ] First vertex
[ ] Intersection point [ ] Nothing
12. Which of the following 3D transformation technique doesn’t consider view plane while
undergoing 3Dtransformation?
a. Reflection b. Rotation c. Scaling d. Translation
[ ]a&b [ ] b &c [ ] c &d [ ]a, c &d
13. In which type of projection, the lines perpendicular to the viewing surface are projected
at one-half their length?
[ ] Axonometric [ ] Cabinet [ ] Cavalier [ ] Perspective
14. In scan-line method the surface is an overlapping surface if:
a) Surface flag of one surface is turned ON
b) Surface flag of two surfaces are turned ON
c) Surface flag of two surfaces are turned ON and Surface flag of one surface is turned
OFF
[ ]a&b [ ]a&c [ ]b&c [ ] a, b & c
15. If the depth of position (x, y) has been determined to be z, then the depth z’ of next
position (x, y+1) can be obtained by adding constant in existing value of
z.
[ ] A/C [ ] –A/C [ ] B/C [ ] –B/C
16. The Intensity of specular reflection depends on:
a. Material properties of surface b. Angle of incidence
c. Intensity of ambient light
[ ]a&b [ ]a&c [ ]b&c [ ] a, b &c
17. What is the expression for evaluating total diffuse reflection?
[ ] KdIl (N .L) [ ] KaIa+KdIl (N .L) [ ] KaIa [ ] Ks Il (V .R)ns
18. In flat Shading are performed if :
a. Object is a polyhedron and is not an approximation of an object with a curved surface
b. (N.L) is constant over the surface
c. (V.R) is constant over the surface
[ ]a&b [ ]a&c [ ]b&c [ ] a, b, & c
19. The color of an light is largely determined by its diffuse reflection coefficient.
If Kd = (0.8, 0.4, 0) and the light id blue, what is the color of the object?
[ ] Red [ ] Green [ ] Blue [ ] Black
20. Which steps of animation sequence defines the motion sequence as a set of basic events
that are to take place?
[ ] Storyboard layout [ ] Object definitions
[ ] Key-frame specifications [ ] Generation of in-between frames
KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY
End Semester Examination
August/September, 2017
Level : B. E./B. Sc. Course : COMP 342
Year : III Semester : I & II
Time : 2 hrs. 30 mins. F. M. : 40
SECTION “B”
[6 Q. × 4 = 24]
Attempt ANY SIX questions.
1. What do you understand by Computer Graphics? The Research group of Kathmandu
University has developed an IOT (Internet of Things) device for monitoring the water
level of rivers, presently they are facing a problem to effectively monitor the data
provided by the device, you as a student of Computer Graphics, which application of
computer graphics will you use and what will be your approach for solving this problem?
[1+3]
2. In architecture of raster display graphics system, does video controller have a direct
access to Monitor and what are the main functions of video controller? How much time is
spent scanning across each row of pixels during screen refresh on a raster system with
resolution of 1280 by 1024 and refresh rate of 60 frames per second? [2+2]
3. Why are homogeneous coordinates used for transformation computations in computer
Graphics?The reflection along the line y = x is equivalent to the reflection along the x-
axis followed by counter clockwise rotation by θ degrees. Find the value of θ? [1+3]
4. Find the window-to-viewport coordinate transformation which uses a circle of radius
5units and center (1, 1) as a window and circle of radius ½ and center ( ½ , ½ ) as a
viewport? Clip the line L1 (-4, 7, -2, 10) againstthe rectangular windowR(-3, 1, 2, 6)using
Liang-Barsky line clipping algorithm? [2+2]
5. What two steps are required to determine whether any given points P1 (x1, y1, z1) obscure
another point P2 (x2, y2, z2)? What were the advantages of using A-buffer method
overdepth buffer method? Describe Scan line method for hidden surface detection
technique with suitable example? [1+1+2]
6. What is global illumination model? Differentiate between point source and distributed
source of light? Describespecular reflection with supporting mathematical calculations?
[1+1+2]
7. Write Short notes on: [2+2]
a. CMY Color model
b. General Computer Animation Functions
SECTION “C”
[2 Q. ×8 = 16]
Attempt ANY TWO questions.
8. Describe the basic principle of Bresenham algorithm for drawing 2D geometrical shapes?
Derive all the required decision parameters for plotting the region-1 of an ellipse using
midpoint algorithm? Digitize the region-2 of an ellipse with rx=8 and ry= 6and center at
origin. [2+ 6]
9. Explain general 3D transformation pipeline, from modeling coordinates to final device
coordinates with suitable example?Derive the composite transformation matrix for
rotating a 3D object about an arbitrary axis(make necessary assumptions)? [3+5]
10. a. Differentiate between phong shading and Gouraud shading?Suppose point P1with
intensity
I1 is on scan line Y1 and point P2with intensity I2 is on scan line Y2. Find an incremental
formula to computer intensity values I’ for all the scan lines between P1and P2 using linear
interpolation in the y direction? [2+3]
b. Magnify the triangle with verticesA (0,0), B(1, 1), C(5, 2)to twice its size while
keeping C (5, 2) fixed? [3]
