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Activity No. 4

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9 views

Activity No. 4

Uploaded by

Ces Arriane Vidal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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S T .

P E T E R ’S C O L L O G E
Sabayle St, Iligan City, 9200 Lanao del Norte
C O L L E G E O F E N G IN E E R IN G
C IV IL E N G IN E E R IN G D E P A R T M E N T
AY : 2023-2024
S E C O N D S E M E S TE R
F C E 12.1 H Y D R A U L IC S L AB O R A T O R Y

Laboratory No. 4
Hydrostatic Force on Submerged and Partially-Submerged Rectangular Area

Objective : 1. To determine the hydrostatic force due to water acting on a partially or fully submerged
surface
2. To determine, both experimentally and theoretically, the center of pressure.

Apparatus and Equipment:

1. Armfield F1-12 Hydrostatic Pressure Apparatus,


2. Jug
3. Calipers or rulers, for measuring the actual dimensions of the quadrant.

Parts of Armfield F1-12 Hydrostatic Pressure Apparatus:

Procedure:

 Wipe the quadrant with a wet rag to remove surface tension and prevent air bubbles from forming.
 Place the apparatus on a level surface, and adjust the screwed-in feet until the built-in circular
spirit level indicates that the base is horizontal. (The bubble should appear in the center of the
spirit level.)
 Position the balance arm on the knife edges and check that the arm swings freely.
 Place the weight hanger on the end of the balance arm and level the arm, using the counter
weight, so that the balance arm is horizontal.
 Add 50 grams to the weight hanger.
 Add water to the tank and allow time for the water to settle.
 Close the drain valve at the end of the tank, then slowly add water until the hydrostatic force on
the end surface of the quadrant is balanced. This can be judged by aligning the base of the
balance arm with the top or bottom of the central marking on the balance rest.
 Record the water height, which displayed on the side of the quadrant in mm. If the quadrant is
partially submerged, record the reading in the partially submerged portion of the Raw Data Table.
 Repeat the steps, adding 50 g weight each time, until the final weight of 500 g is reached. When
the quadrant is fully submerged, record the readings in the fully submerged part of the Raw Data
Table.
 Repeat the procedure in reverse by progressively removing the weights.
 Release the water valve, remove the weights, and clean up any spilled water.

where:
m - mass on the weight hanger,
L - length of the balance arm
F - Hydrostatic force, and
y - distance between the pivot and the center of pressure
g - gravitational force
Formulas:

For Partially Submerged:

Theoretical Experimental

1
Hydrostatic Force, F F = mg F= ρgBd2
2

Distance between the pivot and d 2mL


the center of pressure, y y=H- y= ρBd2
3

For Fully Submerged:

Theoretical Experimental

D
Hydrostatic Force, F F = mg F = ρgBD d−
2
D2 D 2 mL
+ d−
Distance between the pivot and
y=
12 2
+H−d y= D
the center of pressure, y D ρBD d −
d− 2
2

Data & Results:

Theoretical Experimental

Moment Moment
Mass, m Depth, d Force, F y Force, F y
M=F * y M=F * y
(g) (mm) (N) (mm) (N) (mm)
(N-m) (N-m)

50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
Computation:

Descriptions of Apparatus Parts and Dimensions Used in Calculations


Name of Variable Symbol Dimension,mm Description
Distance from Weight Hanger to Pivot
Length of Balance L 275
Point
Quadrant to Pivot H 200 Base of Quadrant Face to Point of Pivot
Height of Quadrant D 100 Height of Vertical Quadrant Face
Width of Quadrant B 75 Width of Vertical Quadrant Face

Conclusion:

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