PHRASES, PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS

(have/ gain/ (có/ đạt được/ cung cấp) cách để thâm

provide) access to nhập, tiếp cận a way of entering or
something reaching a place
The police gained access through a broken
window.
The only access to the farmhouse is across
the fields.
ACCESS Internet access Kết nối internet the ability to connect to
the internet
High-speed internet access is available via
satellite.
Wheelchair access Lối đi xe lăn a method by which someone
can enter or leave a place in a wheelchair
Disabled visitors are welcome; there is good
wheelchair access to most facilities.
Break a habit Từ bỏ một thói quen
I'm trying to break the habit of staying up
too late.
Break with Làm một việc khác với bình thường to do
tradition something different from what is usually
done
We decided to break with tradition and have
fish for Thanksgiving dinner.
Make the break Kết thúc một mối quan hệ, thay đổi việc
(from) làm to stop having a close relationship with
someone, especially stop living with them ,
or to change a course of action that you have
had for a long time
BREAK You've been in your job for years - it's time
you made a break.
Take/ have/ need a Cần sự nghỉ ngơi a period of time when
break something stops before starting again
I need a break from caring for the children.
A welcome break Một kì nghỉ/sự khác đi đáng được mong
from đợi
Lunch/ tea/ coffee Cuộc tạm nghỉ để ăn trưa/ uống trà/ cà
break phê a short period of rest when you stop
working and have lunch/ drink tea/ drink
coffee
Staff are entitled to a 30-minute lunch break
if they work more than six hours.
CHANGE Change from Thay đổi từ cái gì đến cái gì
something to The lights changed from red to green.
Change something Biến cái gì thành
into With a wave of her magic wand, she
changed the frog into a handsome prince.
Change something Đổi cái gì lấy cái gì
for We changed the car for a bigger one.
Change for the Thay đổi trở nên tốt hơn/ tệ hơn
 better/ worse Her attitude has definitely changed for the
better since she started this new job.
Change your mind Thay đổi quan điểm, quyết định to form
an opinion or make a decision about
something that is not the same as the one
you first had
At first I thought she was unfriendly, but
I’ve changed my mind.
Change the subject Thay đổi chủ đề to start talking about a
different subject
I'd tried to explain the situation, but he just
changed the subject.
Make a change Tạo ra sự thay đổi
I need to make some major changes in my
life.
Undergo a change Trải qua sự thay đổi
The computer industry has undergone
enormous changes in the last 20 years.
CLOCK Set a clock Chỉnh cho đúng giờ
She set her clock (= put it to the right time)
by the time signal on the radio.
Watch the clock Trông cho hết giờ làm to be careful not to
work longer than the required time; to think
more about when your work will finish than
about the work itself
The children were watching the clock while
their teacher was talking.
Against the clock Làm việc nhanh nhất có thể để hoàn
thành trước thời hạn if you do something
against the clock, you do it fast in order to
finish before a particular time
It was a race against the clock to get the
building work finished in time.
2. Đua when people do something against
the clock, the time they take to do it is
recorded, in order to find which person or
attempt is the fastest.
They are running against the clock to find
the best runner.
Around/ round the 1. Cả ngày lẫn đêm không ngừng nghỉ all
clock day and all night without stopping
Staff have been working around the clock to
resolve the problems.
Clockwise (adj, Theo chiều kim đồng hồ in the direction
adv) /ˈklɑːkwaɪz/ in which the hands (= thin parts that point)
of a clock move
Turn the key clockwise
Clockwork Bộ máy đồng hồ system of springs and
(n) /ˈklɑːkwɜːrk/ wheels that you wind (= turn) with a key or
handle to make some clocks, toys, and other
devices operate
 a clockwork train/mouse
like clockwork chính xác theo kế hoạch
to happen according to plan; to happen
without difficulties or problems
The operation went like clockwork.
(as) regular as clockwork rất thường
xuyên, đều
đặn very regularly; happening at the same
time in the same way
My daughter always calls me every Friday
evening, (as) regular as clockwork.
Clockwork Đều đặn, máy móc như máy
(adj) /ˈklɑːkwɜːrk/
Date from Tồn tại từ to have existed since a particular
time
This map dates from the 14th century.
Date back to Tồn tại từ to have existed for a particular
length of time or since a particular time
This tradition dates back to medieval times.
Keep (something) Hiện đại, gần đây, được cập nhật thông
up to date tin mới nhất modern, recent, or containing
the latest information
We work hard to keep our database up to
date.
Set/ fix a date Cố định ngày
DATE I'd like to fix a date for our next meeting.
Go on/ make a date Hẹn hò với ai đó an arrangement to meet
(with somebody) someone who you are having or starting a
sexual or romantic relationship with
Phil phoned me last night, and we’re going
on a date this evening.
At a later/ future Một ngày nào đó trong tương lai a time
date in the past or future that is not a particular
day
The work will be carried out at a future
date.
To date Cho đến nay until now
To date, we have received over 200 replies.
DEMAND Demand something Yêu cầu cái gì từ ai to make a very strong
from somebody request for something
He had demanded money from her.
Meet/ satisfy a Đáp ứng một yêu cầu, nhu cầu to do
demand something that someone wants, needs, or
expects you to do or be as good as they need,
expect etc
The company says it is unable to meet the
workers’ demands for higher wages.
Make a demand Đặt ra yêu cầu
As a director he makes huge demands on his
actors.
The demand for Sự đòi hỏi, nhu cầu về…
 She repeated her demand for an urgent
review of the system.
In demand Mong muốn bởi rất nhiều người
wanted by a lot of people
Good secretaries are always in demand.
On demand Theo yêu cầu, khi được yêu cầu
as soon as a request is made
Should you feed your baby on demand, or
stick to a timetable?
Have the energy to Có năng lượng, nhiệt tình để làm the
do strength, effort and enthusiasm required for
physical or mental activity, work, etc.
I don't have the time or energy to argue with
you.
Lack the energy to Thiếu năng lượng, động lực để làm the
do strength, effort and enthusiasm required for
physical or mental activity, work, etc.
He never seems to lack the energy to play
football.
Put/ throw your Bỏ công sức vào việc …the physical and
energy into mental effort that you use to do something
She put all her energies into her work.
Nuclear energy Năng lượng hạt nhân the power produced
when the nucleus (= central part) of an atom
is divided or joined to another nucleus
ENERGY
The expansion of nuclear energy is a
politically charged issue.
Source of energy Nguồn năng lượng
There are 10 main different alternative
sources of energy that are used in the world
to generate power.
Energy needs Nhu cầu về năng lượng
As the world discovers new ways to meet its
growing energy needs, solar power and wind
power are being considered as a means of
generating power.
Energy crisis Khủng hoảng năng lượng
The energy crisis is the concern that the
world’s demands on the limited natural
resources that are used to power industrial
society are diminishing as the demand rises
FORM Form an Có ấn tượng về…
impression of I myself was in Chad a few days ago and was
able to form an impression of the situation
there.
Take/ assume the Diễn ra dưới hình thức của… the
form of particular way something is, seems, looks or
is presented
The training programme takes the form of a
series of workshops.
Fill in/ out a form Điền vào đơn
 I filled in/out a form on their website.
In the form of Theo hình thức… the particular way
(take/assume) something is, seems, looks or is presented
Help in the form of money will be very
welcome.
In good/ bad form Cảm thấy, trong tình trạng tốt/ xấu to be
feeling or performing well
Paul was on good form at the wedding and
kept everyone entertained.
Application form Đơn xin… document used for asking
officially for something, for example a job
complete/fill in/fill out an application
form
Sometimes you will be required to fill in an
application form which will be used to select
candidates for interview.
Good (for Tốt, có lợi để làm gì having a useful or
somebody) to do helpful effect on somebody/something
It's probably good for you to get some
criticism now and then.
A good deal Nhiều a lot
The new law met with a good deal of
opposition at the local level.
A good many/ few Một lượng khá lớn a fairly large number of
things or people
A good many people were upset about the
new tax.
GOOD
Good of somebody Tốt bụng, tử tế willing to help; kind to
to do other people
It was very good of you to come.
For somebody’s Vì lợi ích của ai
own good I'm only telling you this for your own good.
No good Chất lượng kém, vô dụng to be of low
quality or not useful
Shoes are no good if they let in water.
It’s no good doing Vô ích, không có tác dụng to not be
useful; to have no useful effect
It's no good complaining—they never listen.
KNOW Know (something) Biết gì đó về have information
about You know about Amanda's baby, don't you?
Know somebody/ Biết ai/ cái gì làm gì
something to be/ We know her to be honest.
do
Know better Thông minh/ khôn ngoan hơn vì không
làm
know better (than sb) to know more than
someone else because you have more
experience and more skill
They thought the painting was a fake, but
Shackleton knew better.
know better (than to do sth) to be wise or
 moral enough not to do something
Sure, she's only six, but she's old enough to
know better than to run off without us.
you know better than that used to express
disappointment when someone makes a
mistake which they probably shouldn’t have
or show disapproval of someone’s actions
She told me that you abused her, you know
better than that.
Get/ come to know Dành thời gian tìm hiểu ai, cái gì to
spend time with someone or something so
that you gradually learn more about him,
her, or it
I'll need a few weeks to get to know the
system
Let somebody Cho ai biết về điều gì to tell somebody
know about something
Please let me know if there's anything I can
do to help.
In the know Có hiểu biết về điều mà phần lớn mọi
người không biết to have knowledge about
something that most people do not have
Somebody in the know told me he's going to
resign.
Know-how (n) Kiến thức và kinh nghiệm làm việc
knowledge of how to do something and
experience in doing it
We need skilled workers and technical
know-how.
LEAD Lead somebody Dẫn ai đó đến đâu to go with or in front of
into a person or an animal to show the way or to
make them go in the right direction
He led us out into the grounds.
Lead the way 1. Dẫn đường to show the way by going in
front
You've been there before - why don't you
lead the way?
2. Tiến bộ hơn những người khác to make
more progress than other people in the
development of something
The company has been leading the way in
network applications for several years.
Lead the field/ Đứng đầu, dẫn đầu to be better than all
pack/ world other people or things
Their scientists lead the world in nutrition
research.
Lead somebody to Khiến ai đó làm gì (đặc biệt là điều xấu)
do to cause someone to do something,
especially something bad
This has led scientists to speculate on the
existence of other galaxies.
 He's too easily led (= easily persuaded to do
or think something).
Lead to Dẫn đến điều gì if an action or event leads
to something, it causes that thing to happen
or exist
Reducing speed limits should lead to fewer
deaths on the roads.
Lead down Dẫn xuống
A path led down the hill.
Lead through Dẫn qua
Our guide led us through the mountains.
Take/ hold the lead 1. Giữ vị trí dẫn đầu to start winning a race
or competition
She took the lead in the second lap.
2. Làm mẫu cho người khác làm theo an
example or action for people to copy
If we take the lead in this (= start to act),
others may follow.
Follow somebody’s Làm theo ai đó to do as someone else does;
lead to accept someone's guidance; to follow
someone's direction
Just follow my lead and you will not get lost.
In the lead Ở vị trí dẫn đầu the position ahead of
everyone else in a race or competition
We were struggling to stay in the lead.
Link to 1. Sự liên quan giữa hai người, vật, ý
tưởng a connection between two people,
things, or ideas
Many of them had no previous links to
terrorism.
2. Đường link đến… a connection between
documents on the internet
I've posted a link to the article, for those
who are interested.
Link something/ Kết nối ai/cái gì với ai/cái gì to connect
somebody to/ with two or more places, people, or things
LINK
This corridor links the new offices to the
main building.
Click on/ follow a Nhấn vào đường link
link Click on this link to visit our online
bookshop.
Follow the links to watch our exclusive
trailer.
(find/ prove/ Tìm ra/ chứng minh/xác định một sự liên
establish) a link quan/mối liên hệ, liên kết
between The link between smoking and cancer was
established decades ago.
PLACE Change/ swap/ Đổi vị trí với ai to exchange positions with
trade places (with someone
somebody) He might be rich, but I wouldn't change
places with him for anything.
 Take the place of Thay thế cho ai, cái gì to replace
somebody/ somebody/ something
something | take She couldn't attend the meeting so her
somebody’s/ assistant took her place.
something’s place Computers have taken the place of
typewriters in most offices.
Put something Đặt lại đúng vị trí
in(to) place
In place of Thay vì, thay cho instead of someone or
somebody/ something
something You can use margarine in place of butter in
some recipes.
Out of place 1. Ở không đúng vị trí not in the correct
place
Some of these files seem to be out of place.
2. Không phù hợp cho một tình huống
not suitable for a particular situation
I felt completely out of place among all
these successful people.
Place of work Nơi làm việc the area where you work
He lives in a hostel attached to his place of
work.
No place for Không phải là chỗ phù hợp cho to not be
a suitable place for someone or something
A damp (ẩm ướt) flat is no place for someone
with asthma(bệnh hen suyễn).
The process of Tiến trình, quá trình của a series of
things that are done in order to achieve a
particular result
They began the difficult process of
reforming the education system.
In the process of Đang trong quá trình làm gì to have
doing started doing something
We're still in the process of decorating the
house.
Peace process Tiến trình đàm phán hòa bình a series of
PROCESS
talks and agreements designed to end war or
violence between two groups
The book ends as the peace process begins,
at around 1992.
By a process of Bằng phương pháp loại trừ by removing
elimination from several possible answers the ones that
are unlikely to be correct until only one is
left
We eventually found the answer by a
process of elimination.
PURPOSE Serve a purpose Có công dụng to have a use
These small village shops serve a very useful
purpose.
The purpose of Mục đích của việc… the reason for doing
doing something or the reason that something
 exists
He learnt Chinese for the express purpose of
starting a business there.
Somebody’ Mục đích làm gì của ai the reason for
purpose in doing somebody doing something or the reason
that something exists
My purpose in calling this meeting was to
remind everyone of some basic rules.
A sense of purpose Nhận thức về mục đích, ý nghĩa; cảm
giác làm cái gì có một mục tiêu mục đích
nhất định the quality of having a definite
purpose
What holds them together is a ' common
sense of purpose and a real need to know
what each other knows'.
On purpose Cố ý if you do something on purpose, you do
it intentionally, not by accident
I didn't do it on purpose - it was an accident.
Escape from reality Thoát khỏi hiện thực
He escaped from reality by going to the
cinema every afternoon.
Romantic novels provide an escape from
reality
Face (up to) reality Đối mặt với thực tế accept it
It's painful, but you have to face reality.
Become a reality Trở thành sự thật happened in fact
Her childhood ambition became a reality
when she was made a judge.
In reality Trong thực tế used to say that a situation
is different from what has just been said or
REALITY from what people believe
He told the police he was out of town, but in
reality, he never went anywhere.
Virtual Thực tế ảo images and sounds created by a
reality /ˌvɜːrtʃuəl ri computer that seem almost real to the user,
ˈæləti/ who can interact with them by using sensors
Virtual reality uses computers to create a
simulated three-dimensional world.
Reality TV Truyền hình thực tế television shows that
are based on real people (not actors) in real
situations, presented as entertainment
Maybe it's time the reality TV hired a more
reliable translator...
TOOL A tool for (doing) Chương trình máy tính a program or
feature of a program that helps you do
particular things on a computer
The spreadsheet program offers several
useful tools for manipulating the material.
A tool of Tay sai, con rối của someone whose
decisions and actions are unfairly controlled
by others
 The prime minister was an unwitting tool of
the president.
tool of the trade a tool of the trade is
something you need to use to do your job
The artist was surrounded by paints,
brushes, and other tools of the trade.
Toolbar Thanh công cụ trên máy tính on a
computer screen, a row of icons (= small
pictures that you choose in order to make
the computer do something)
Tool kit 1. Bộ dụng cụ để làm hoặc sửa chữa đồ
đạc a set of tools that are used for making or
repairing something
He keeps a tool kit handy for any emergency
repairs.
2. Những kĩ năng và kiến thức hữu dụng
cho một mục đích skills and knowledge
that are useful for a particular purpose or
activity, considered together
This training will provide you with a good
basic tool kit to start your career in customer
care.
Tool box Hộp đụng dụng cụ a container in which
you keep and carry small tools, especially
those used in the house or for repairing a car
USE Use something for Sử dụng cái gì để làm gì đó to do
(doing) something with a machine, a method, an
object, etc. for a particular purpose
We used a carrot for the snowman’s nose.
Use something to Sử dụng cái gì để làm gì đó to do
do something with a machine, a method, an
object, etc. for a particular purpose
Police used tear gas to disperse the crowds.
Use something as Sử dụng cái gì như là cái gì
The building is currently being used as a
warehouse.
You can't keep using your bad back as an
excuse.
Use something Sử dụng cái gì hợp lí
properly
Have many uses Có nhiều công dụng
The plant has various medical uses.
In use Đang được sử dụng being used
Is the washing machine in use right now?
Of (no) use Có ích, có tác dụng (vô ích, vô dụng) to
(not) be useful, helpful, or possible
Can I be of any use (= can I help)?
Could this old coat be of use to you?
It’s/ there’s no use Vô ích, vô dụng để làm gì to not be useful,
doing helpful, or possible
There is no use (in) arguing any more.
 It is no use trying (= there is no purpose in
trying) to escape - no one ever gets out of
here.
What’s the use of Làm gì thì có tác dụng gì chứ used to tell
doing someone to stop worrying because worrying
will not help
Try not to get depressed - after all, what's
the use of worrying?
WEB Surf the Web Lướt web
On the Web Trên mạng
I found the information on the Web.
Website a set of pages on the internet, where a
company or an organization, or an individual
person, puts information
For current prices please visit our website.
She sent me links to several useful websites.
Web page a document that is connected to the World
Wide Web and that anyone with an internet
connection can see, usually forming part of a
website
Webcam Webcam
World Wide Web www a system for finding information on the
internet, in which documents are connected
to other documents
Webmaster Quản trị trang web a person who is
responsible for particular pages of
information on the World Wide Web
Weblog (blog) Trang blog a website on which one person
or group puts new information regularly,
often every day
Take the wheel 1. Nắm quyền kiểm soát to take or assume
control (of something).
I don't know why people are so utterly
terrified of letting the federal government
WHEEL take the wheel when it comes to things like
healthcare.
2. Lái xe drive a car
Do you want to take the wheel (= drive)
now?
At/ behind the Ở ghế lái (là người lái xe)
wheel Never get behind the wheel if you're too
tired.
This is the first time I've sat behind the
wheel since the accident.
A car swept past with Laura at the wheel.
On wheels 1. Có gắn bánh xe something that is on
wheels has wheels under it so that it can be
pulled or pushed along
My suitcase is on wheels so that makes life a
little easier.
2. Mượt mà, trôi chảy very smoothly;
 without difficulty, problems, or hindrances.
Dinner service was running on wheels until
an entire sauce pot fell off the stove.
Wheel of fortune Một tình huống/tình trạng chưa ổn định,
chưa biết trước tương lai ra sao. used for
referring to the fact that situations can
change very quickly from good to bad or
from bad to good

NEW WORDS UNIT 4

TỪ MỚI MEANINGS NGHĨA EG
Throughout the holiday, the
to happen or exist luân phiên, weather alternated between rain
alternate (v) one after the other thay phiên, and sunshine every day. // He
repeatedly cách alternated working in the office
with long tours overseas.
If something
Private cars are banned from the
happens on alternate cách một
alternate (a) city on alternate days. (kiểu
days, it happens cái
2/4/6)
every second day
There must be an alternative to
something that is
people sleeping on the streets. (ở
different from
đây chắc chắn có ngoại lệ cho
something else,
những người ...) // I'm afraid I
alternative (n) especially from what thay thế
have no alternative but to ask
is usual, and offering
you to leave (= that is what I
the possibility of
have to do). (tôi không còn lựa
choice
chọn nào khác ngoài)
to become gradually
làm hư, suy
damaged, worse, or
decay (v) nhược, suy Sugar makes your teeth decay.
less; to cause
tàn,...
something to do this
tình trạng
suy tàn, sa
sút, suy
environmental/industrial/moral/
sụp, (môi
the process of urban decay // dental/tooth
decay (n) trường,
decaying decay // The buildings had
quốc gia,...)
started to fall into decay.
thối rữa,
mục nát
(răng,...)
radical (a) believing or cấp These people have very radical
 expressing the belief
tiến,quyết
that there should be
liệt, căn
great or extreme views.
bản căn
social or political
nguyên
change
relating to the most cấp tiến,
important parts of cực kỳ quan We need to make some radical
radical (a) something or trọng, hoàn changes to our operating
someone; complete toàn triệt procedures.
or extreme để
to improve an idea,
lọc, tinh
method, system, etc. Engineers spent many months
refine (v) chế, cải
by making small refining the software.
thiện
changes
to change or correct ôn lại, With the final exam, you don’t
revise (v) something, esp. a chỉnh sửa revise it after the teacher reads
piece of writing lại it.
tình trạng
hiện tại, giữ Certain people always want to
status quo (n) the present situation
nguyên hiện maintain the status quo.
trạng
to use something or You can substitute the wheat
someone instead of flour with almond flour (= use
substitute (v) thay thế
another thing or almond flour instead of wheat
person flour).
in sports, to use a
player for part of a
Ronaldo was substituted early in
substitute (v) game after removing
the second half.
another player from
the game
a thing or person
that is used instead Vitamins should not be used as a
substitute (n)
of another thing or substitute for a healthy diet.
person
a system that makes
it possible for many
messages or large
amounts of
dải tần Internet connection via
information to be
broadband (n) rộng, băng broadband offers many
sent at the same
rộng advantages.
time and very
quickly between
computers or other
electronic devices
console (v) to make someone khuyên giải, I consoled myself with the
who is sad or an ủi, trấn thought that no one else could
disappointed feel an have done any better.
better, usually by
giving them comfort
 or sympathy
a surface or device
with controls for
bộ điều It's the only console that will run
console (n) electronic
khiển this game.
equipment, a
vehicle, etc.:
sudden and
bất ngờ, bất There was an abrupt change in
unexpected, and
abrupt (a) /ə thần her attitude towards me when
often unpleasant (an
ˈbrʌpt/ (thường gây she heard that I was Alan's
abrupt
khó chịu) girlfriend
chance/end/halt)
an occasion when
something suddenly The car juddered (lắc lư) and
abrupt halt and unexpectedly came to an abrupt halt (dừng đột
stops moving or ngột) in the middle of the road.
happening
a person, thing, or
idea that exists out
of its time in history,
anachronism lỗi thời, việc she regards the marriage
especially one that
(n) /ə không hợp ceremony as a quaint (lạ lùng)
happened or existed
ˈnæk.rə.nɪ.zəm/ với thời anachronism
later than the period
being shown,
discussed, etc.
theo niên
following the order Give me the dates in
chronological đại, theo
in which a series of chronological order. (theo thứ tự
(a) dòng thời
events happened thời gian)
gian
Four years had elapsed since he
If time elapses, it thì giờ trôi
elapse (v) left college and still he hadn't
goes past qua
found a job.
The company is engaged in the
eternal (a) /ɪ lasting forever or for
vĩnh hằng eternal search for a product that
ˈtɜː.nəl/ a very long time
will lead the market.
instantaneous happening tức thời,
an instantaneous
(a) ~ immediate immediately, without chớp
response/reply/reaction
~ instant any delay nhoáng
tạm thời,
temporary and
trong khi
intended to be used
interim chờ đợi (để
or accepted until an interim solution
(a) /ˈɪn.tər.ɪm/ tìm ra một
something
cái gì
permanent exists
permanent)
in the time between The new secretary starts in June,
in the interim trong khi
two particular but in the interim we're having
(n) /ˈɪn.tər.ɪm/ chờ
periods or events to type our own letters.
interval (n) a period between khoảng thời We see each other at regular
two events or times gian, trong intervals - usually about once a
 lúc tạm
month.
nghỉ
a short period
between the parts of There will be two 20-minute
interval (n) hiệp nghỉ
a performance or a intervals during the opera.
sports event
trôi đi, lầm
a lapse of concentration/a
lapse (n) a temporary failure đường sa
memory lapse (mất trí nhớ)
sút lầm lỗi
một khoảng
a period of time
thời gian He turned up again after a lapse
passing between two
trôi đi giữa of two years.
things happening
2 sự việc
a long-standing agreement/ a
long-standing having existed for a đã có từ lâu
long-standing member of the
(a) long time đời
club
thiên niên
millennium (n)
kỉ
obsolete (a) lỗi thời
not done or
Changes to the tax system are
happening when
overdue (a) quá hạn long overdue.// She feels she's
expected or when
overdue for promotion.
needed; late
existing or
happening before
The course required no prior
prior (a) something else, or trước
knowledge of Spanish.
before a particular
time
(of an action) done
quickly and without
nhanh
delay, or (of a
prompt (a) chóng, mau, promt action is required
person) acting
tức thì
quickly or arriving at
the arranged time
happening or
We'll be leaving at six o'clock
prompt (adv) arriving at exactly a đúng
prompt.
particular time
for the present time tạm thời,
provisional (a) These dates are only provisional.
but likely to change lâm thời
available or
happening during từng
seasonal (a) seasonal jobs/work
one of the four parts mùa/vụ
of a year
relating to, available,
or happening during a seasonal employee/worker,
seasonal (a)
a particular period of seasonal crops/fruit/products
the year
 the period of time He has a short
span (n) that something attention/concentration span. //
exists or happens an average lifespan of 70 years
to exist or continue
Her acting career spanned
span (v) for a particular
almost six decades.
length of time
a short period of a
spell (n) particular type of theo phiên a spell of dry weather
weather
a period of time for
which an activity or
I lived in Cairo for a spell. // i
spell (n) condition lasts
had a two-week spell in hospital
continuously (short
one)
a fixed or limited Perhaps her most productive
một khoảng
period of time spent period was her five-year stint as
stint (n) thời gian
doing a particular a foreign correspondent in New
ngắn
job or activity York.
happening at the
timely (adj) best possible hợp thời a timely reminder
moment
vintage wine is
excellent in quality
vintage (adj) vintage champagne/port/claret
and was made
several years ago
of high quality and
lasting value, or
showing the best and It has not been a vintage year for
vintage (adj) most typical the club (= it has not been very
characteristics of a successful).
particular type of
thing
the wine made in a
particular year, or a
The 1983 vintage was one of the
vintage (n) particular year in
best.
which wine has been
made
the time when sth is she's got a collection of guns of
vintage (n)
produced all types and vintages
the government
departments
responsible for how long have you worked for
civil service
putting central the civil service?
government plans
into action
We ought to hire a public
nhà chuyên
consultant (n) ~ a speacialist relations consultant to help
môn
improve our image.
 to persuade someone
to leave their job by
headhunt (v) - offering that person She was headhunted by a rival
headhunter (n) another job with firm.
more pay and a
higher position
a large and powerful
company that
multinational Are multinationals now more
produces and sells
(n) powerful than governments?
goods in many
different countries
cơ chế tư
private sector
nhân
public sector
người mới
recruit (n) được tuyển
vào
(especially of a word,
phrase, etc.) không cần In the sentence "She is a single
redundant (a) unnecessary because thiết, thừa unmarried woman", the word
it is more than is thãi "unmarried" is redundant.
needed
having lost your job
To keep the company alive, half
because your
redundant (a) the workforce is being made
employer no longer
redundant.
needs you
Traditionally, the president
to choose someone designates his or her
chỉ định,
designate (v) officially to do a successor. // Thompson has been
chọn
particular job designated (as/to be) team
captain.
to say officially that
biểu thị, chỉ
a place or thing has This area of the park has been
designate (v) định riêng
a particular specially designated for children.
cho
character or purpose
to happen after
ensue (v) /ɪn something else, xảy ra sau After his outburst, a long silence
ˈsjuː/ especially as a result đó ensued.
of it:
an agreement in an
argument in which In a compromise between
the people involved management and unions, a four
compromise (n) reduce their thỏa hiệp percent pay rise was agreed in
demands or change return for an increase in
their opinion in productivity.
order to agree
legacy money or property di sản, sự di An elderly cousin had left her a
(n) /ˈleɡ.ə.si/ that you receive tặng small legacy.
 from someone after
they die
something that is a
part of your history The Greeks have a rich legacy of
or that remains from literature.
an earlier time
the total amount by
deficit The country is running a
which money spent thâm hụt,
(n) /ˈdef.ɪ.sɪt/ >< balance-of-payments/budget/trad
is more than money thiếu hụt
surplus e deficit of $250 million.
received
vũ khí quân
ordnance (n)
sự
to encourage an
thúc đẩy, Spurred (on) by her early
activity or
kích thích, success, she went on to write
spur (v) development or
khuyến four more novels in rapid
make it happen
khích succession.
faster
to design or organize
gear something something so that it
thiết kế phù
to/towards is suitable for a These advertisements are geared
hợp cho 1
someone/somet particular purpose, towards a younger audience.
đthg cụ thể
hing situation, or group of
people
to surround someone
and prevent them When they reached Trafalgar
hem someone in from moving or bao vây Square, the demonstrators were
doing what they hemmed in by the police.
want to do
a strip of shop along one side of
strip dải
the river
The political system established
to continue to exist tiếp tục tồn
endure (v) in 1400 endured until about
for a long time tại
1650.
Cùng một
Small businesses are demanding
the same; kiểu, đồng
that
Uniform (a) not changing or dạng,
they receive uniform treatment f
different in any way không thay
rom the banks.
đổi

crop up (v) xuất hiện đột ngột, bất ngờ

bắt đầu làm cái gì theo
dive in (v)
cách phấn khởi
kick off
begin khởi đầu
(with) (v)
end up (v) cuối cùng ở một nơi riêng We're travelling across
 biệt hoặc tình huống nào
Europe by train and are
đó, ý nói về kết quả, kết
planning to end up in
cục của một sự việc hay rơi
Paris
vào tình trạng nào đó.
đến được một điểm cụ thể
nào đó hoặc đạt được một
tình huống sau các hoạt
end up (v)
động khác hoặc chỉ sự tình
cờ đến được một nơi nào
đó
knock off (v) dừng làm việc
bắt đầu làm việc chăm chỉ,
knuckle down
đặc biệt là khi đáng lẽ ra
(v)
phải làm việc đó sớm hơn
sa thải (vì ko có đủ job cho
lay off (v)
họ làm)
lay off (v) nghỉ việc (trg tg ngắn)
cái gì có thể xảy ra trg tlai
lie ahead (v)
đối vs bạn
work at different
times from usual làm việc trg khoảng thời
because you have gian khác hẳn bthg vì bản
make up (v)
not worked thân chwua làm đủ ở thời
enough at the gian bthg
normal times
press
tiếp tục kiên trì làm gì bất
ahead/on
chấp khó khăn
(with)
bắt tay vào làm gì để đạt
set out (v)
được một mục tiêu nào đó
to supply
someone until a
certain time or
until something
happens. There is enough food
giúp ng trg cảnh khó khăn,
tide sb over (Cung cấp tiền here to tide over the
đbt là khi cho ngkh tiền để
(V) bạc hay thực entire family until next
trang trải
phẩm cho một ai month.
đó để họ vượt qua
khó khăn trong
một thời gian nào
đó ...)
while away thư giãn vì ko có gì để làm
dừng làm gì một cách dần
wind down dần, thư giãn sau khoảng
tg lo lắng hoặc vui vẻ
act your age said to someone You're too old for silly
to tell them to pranks like this. I really
 stop behaving like
wish you would just act
someone who is
your age.
much younger
The doctor's advice is
to develop and
run its course để tự nhiên (ht, phát triển) to let the fever run
finish naturally
its course.
at the appropriate đúng lúc, vào đúng thời In due course, this seed
in due course
or normal time điểm will grow into a tree.
The company is on
course to make its
worst - ever losses this
on a course
có khả năng đạt được gì đó year.
to do sth
Công ty có khả năng sẽ
bị thua lỗ nặng nhất
trong năm nay.
They have not yet
a course of
đường lối hành động decided on a particular
action
course of action.
very soon, "When is the baby
any day now especially within sớm thôi due?" "Any day now!"
the next few days (sớm thôi)
in this day You can't afford to run
at the present
and age ở hiện tại businesses inefficiently
time
(idiom) in this day and age.
a day when you
do not have to I won't be in on
day off
work or do ngày nghỉ Thursday - it's my day
(phrase)
something that off.
you normally do
(especially of
something boring)
I have to do the same
day in day done or
boring jobs day in day
out happening every
out.
day for a long
period of time
With these allegations
bring sth to to make (cáo buộc) of abuse
hoàn thành cái gì, kết thúc
an end something finish his career was brought
abruptly to an end.
a statement,
Several of her patients
made without
have made allegations
allegation (n) giving proof, that
cáo buộc of professional
/ˌæl.əˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ someone has done
misconduct
something wrong
about/against her.
or illegal
at the very the thing before
end the story ends.
no end in Không thấy cái kết -> The strike at CN Rail is
 Không thể thấy trước kết
entering its fifth day
quả của việc gì, chỉ điều
with tensions (sự căng
sight (to) mà ai mong muốn nó cứ
thẳng) rising -- and still
tiếp tục trong vô
no end in sight.
hạn/không hồi kết.
Tới lúc kết thúc -> Đã THE International
hoàn thành xong việc gì; break is at an end, and
mọi điều đã kết thúc nên it proved to be a hugely
at an end
dừng lại từ đây (không còn successful one for a
gì giữa hai người yêu nhau, number of Rangers’
chia tay thôi). players.
She loves this space as
for hours on liên tục, ko hồi kết, hàng much as I do, and plays
end giờ liền with her toys for hours
on end.
If you drink in a
bar out of hours,
The police are trying to
out of hours you drink alcohol
stop out-of-hours
(idiom) at a time when it
drinking.
is not allowed by
law:
Lift-off (cất cánh) is
always the moment of
truth for a new
rocket. // Algebra didn’t
come easy to me. But I
knew I had to pass the
an occasion when
class in order to
something dùng để chỉ thời điểm phải
graduate. Throughout
important đối phó với thực tế, để xem
the semester, I met my
the moment happens that tests liệu một việc gì đó sẽ
teacher after school for
of truth someone or thành công hay thất bại,
extra help and studied
(idiom) something and nhất là khi mình đã bỏ
real hard for tests. My
that will have an nhiều công lao để làm việc
moment of truth came
effect on the đó. => giờ phút quyết định
(Giờ phút quyết định đã
future
tới) when my grades
arrived. I got a B,
which was good enough
(đủ để) to earn my
diploma (bằng trung
học)!”
to begin the job
or responsibility
of one in a
take office The former governor
position of
(idiom) took office in 1998.
authority
especially in the
government
chốn công sở, chức vụ
public office
công
head office trụ sở chính
office block office building tòa nhà
to cause
work wonders improvements or A little flattery can
(v - idiom) have a very good work wonders.
effect
said to mean that
it is better to act
A stitch in time saves
or deal with
nine, therefore, it is
problems
better to take
immediately,
giải quyết vấn đề ngay, precautionary steps in
a stitch in because if you
thay vì đợi cho đến khi nó order to save the
time (saves wait and deal
tồi tệ/khó khăn hơn để giải people from the
nine) with them later,
quyết impending floods that
things will get
may be triggered by
worse and the
the monsoon
problems will
furthermore.
take longer to
deal with
used to tell
someone to be
patient because Be patient, you'll hear
all in good
the thing they are the result all in good
time (idiom)
eager for will time.
happen when the
time is right
showing a clear
and usually
original She has written an
insightful (a) understanding of sâu sắc insightful account of
a complicated the modern art world.
problem or
situation
More than 100 people
happening
have been killed this
sometimes; not
sporadic (a) rời rạc, đặc phát year in sporadic
regular or
outbursts of ethnic
continuous
violence.
legitamate He claimed that the
(a) reasonable and restaurant bill was a
chính đáng
acceptable legitimate business
expense.
The army must give
allowed by law hợp pháp power back to the
legitimate government.
A legitimate child đứa con hợp pháp
is one whose
parents are
legally married at
 the time of his or
her birth.
intentional action
(or inaction) that
undermines vô thức làm những việc
self-sabotage people's progress ngăn cản chúng ta đạt
(n) and prevents được những gì chúng ta
them from muốn.
accomplishing
their goals.
innermost những nhu cầu thầm kín
needs nhất
not having the
maladaptive ability to change
không thích nghi
(a) to suit different
conditions
numb (v) tê, tê liệt
not using reason
irrational (a) không hợp lí
or clear thinking
to keep thinking
or talking about In his speech, he dwelt
dwell on sth something, on the plight (hoàn
(v) especially cảnh) of the sick and
something bad or the hungry.
unpleasant
having a special
quality that
makes a person or
stylish (a) sành điệu stylish clothing
thing seem
different and
attractive
moving in a
smooth, relaxed,
duyên dáng, có duyên, yêu She is a wonderfully
graceful (a) attractive way, or
kiều graceful dancer.
having a smooth,
attractive shape
He’s fussy about how
garment (n) a piece of clothing quần áo, y phục
a garment fits him.
mischievousn
tinh nghịch, tinh quái
ess (n)
coiffure (n)
kiểu tóc, nghề cắt tóc
/kwɑː.ˈfjʊr/
masculine (a) giống đực, nam tính
sặc sỡ, lòe loẹt, khoe
showy (a)
khoang
liveliness (n) the quality of sự sống động The concerts were
being interesting intended to bring some
 cultural liveliness to
and exciting
the town.
When a vehicle or
its driver
accelerate (v) accelerates, the
>< speed of the tăng tốc, thúc giục, chóng I accelerated to
decelerate vehicle increases thêm overtake the bus.