PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION IN SCIENCE 8
NAME: _______________________________________________ GRADE AND SECTION:
_______________________________
TEACHER: MR. JESSIE F. PERALTA JR., LPT DATE: ______________________
SCORE: _______________
GENERAL INSTRUCTION: This is a 30 – item examination, read each direction written in every type of
test, write your answer clearly. AVOID ERASURE.
I. MATCHING TYPE.
Directions: Match the concepts in column A to their definition in Column B. Write the CAPITAL
LETTER of your answer on the space provided before each number.
Column A Column B
________1. Earthquake A. a series of associated faults spread over an area.
________2. Faults B. When rocks are stretched or compressed along
________3. Fault Zone the horizon, they break and form a fault plane at
________4. Stress an angle from the horizon.
________5. Tensional Stress C. are faults that generated earthquakes within the
________6. Shear Stress last 10, 000 years and may still continue to do
________7. Dip-Slip Faults so.
________8. Strike-Slip Faults D. When shearing and compression or tension
________9. Oblique-Slip Faults combine.
________10. Normal Fault E. is a fracture or break in Earth’s crust where
________11. Philippine Fault Zone earthquakes are most likely to occur repeatedly.
________12. Creep F. is a kind of dip-slip fault where the block that sits
________13. Trench on the fault plane, called the hanging wall, has
________14. Active Faults moved downward with respect to the footwall
________15. Inactive Faults along the dip directions.
G. Rocks are stretched away from each other.
H. are long, narrow, and usually steep-sided
depressions in the ocean floor formed in
locations where one tectonic plate moves under
another, raising mountains, forming volcanoes,
and causing earthquakes.
I. are those without a record of having generated
earthquakes in the last 10, 000 years, but may
possibly generate an earthquake.
J. are the shaking of the ground produced when
rock materials below the Earth’s surface
suddenly moved.
K. when rocks are made to shear, they break along
a fault plane that forms in the direction of the
shear.
L. Rocks are pushed perpendicular to the axis.
M. is the most expensive fault system in the
country, cutting through the entire Philippine
Archipelago.
N. The force applied to rock.
O. it is sometimes easier to detect a slow type of
fault movement which ranges from being
continuous to sporadic.
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II. MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE.
Direction: Read the following statements. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and
change the underlined word or phrase if the statement is incorrect and write the correct
answer in the space provided.
________________16. The Focus is the point in a rocks zone of weakness, where the breaking
starts and seismic energy is released.
________________17. A point on Earth’s surface that is directly above the focus is called crust.
________________18. The focus on an earthquake is located within the fault line, which is the
breaking surface undergrounf.
________________19. A large volume of water is pushed to the surface, creating a large huge
wave referred to as tornado.
________________20. The first “true” sesimograph was invented in 1875 by italian physicist and
priest Filipino Cecchi.
________________21. Intensity tells how much a certain area was shaken when the earthquake
reached that area.
________________22. Magnitude describes the total amount of energy that was released by the
earthquake at the focus.
________________23. In PHIVOLCS Earthquake Intensity Scale (PEIS), uses 10 levels to rate the
strength of an earthquake based on its effects on people, structures, and objects. The
Intensity VII is Very Destructive.
________________25. Richter Magnitude Scale describes the total amount of energy that is
released by an earthquake at its source, but it is an open-ended scale.
III. ESSAY.
Directions: Read and understand what is stated in the article, and answer the questions
based on the article you have read.
Understanding Earthquake Waves and the Earth's Interior
Earthquakes result from the sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust, producing seismic
waves that provide crucial information about the planet's interior.
Types of Seismic Waves
P-waves (Primary Waves): These are the fastest seismic waves and the first to be detected
by seismographs. They can travel through solids, liquids, and gases, compressing and
expanding the materials they move through.
S-waves (Secondary Waves): These arrive after P-waves and are slower. S-waves can only
move through solids, which helps scientists determine the presence of liquid layers in the
Earth, such as the outer core, where S-waves cannot travel.
How Seismic Waves Reveal Earth's Interior
Seismic waves provide insights into the Earth’s internal structure through:
a. Travel Time Analysis: By measuring the time difference between the arrival of P-waves
and S-waves at various seismographs, scientists can identify the materials the waves
have passed through. A significant delay between the two indicates a liquid layer.
b. Reflection and Refraction: When seismic waves encounter different materials, they can
reflect back or bend. This behavior helps map the boundaries between layers like the
crust and mantle.
c. Seismic Tomography: This technique uses data from multiple seismographs to create
three-dimensional images of the Earth’s interior, revealing variations in density and
composition.
In summary, earthquake waves are essential tools for understanding the Earth’s interior. By
studying P-waves and S-waves, scientists can learn about the composition and structure of the
Earth’s layers, enhancing our knowledge of geology and improving earthquake preparedness.
References:
Stein, S., & Wysession, M. (2009). An Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes, and
Earth Structure. Wiley-Blackwell.
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26-30. Explain the difference between P-waves and S-waves. How does this difference help
scientists understand the Earth's interior?
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Organization of ideas 2 points
Style and Mechanics 3 point
Total: 5 points
DCS@78: “Nurturing a Christ – centered school community, building
harmonious relationship through God’s prudent grace.”
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TABLE OF SPECIFICATION
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
QUARTER: 2 SCHOOL YEAR: 2024 – 2025
SUBJECT: Science 7
LEARNING COMPETENCIES ACQUISITION
KNOWLEDGE PROCESS/SKILLS MEANING MAKING
50% 33% 17%
(15 PTS) (10 PTS) (5 PTS)
Using models or illustrations, Matching Type
explain how movements along 1-13
faults generate
earthquakes (S8ES-IIa-14) M
Differentiate the Multiple Choice
1 epicenter of an earthquake from 21-25
its
focus;
2 intensity of an earthquake from
its magnitude; Matching Type
3 active and inactive faults 14-15
(S8ES-IIa-15) A
Explain how earthquake waves Essay
provide information about the 26-30
interior of the earth (S8ES-IIc-17)
M
*Note: The italicized sentence/s in the first column is/are learning objectives.
Prepared by: Checked by:
Mr. Jessie F. Peralta Jr.,LPT Ms. Rialyn M. Gonzales, LPT
Subject Teacher JHS Academic
Coordinator
Noted by:
Sr. Ma. Nancy P. Bacan, SFIC
School Principal
4| SCIENCE 8
