Lecture in P.

E
(2nd Quarter)

Lesson I: Organization and Management of Sports Lesson II: School Sports Intramurals

Management School Sports Intramurals

 is the act of handling functions and responsibilities,  is an athletic competition within the four walls of
controlling situation, and directing people towards the school.
achieving a common goal.  The word ‘’intramural’’ comes from the words
 Sports management involves any combination of intra, meaning ‘’within’’ and murus which means
skills related to planning, organizing, directing, ‘’wall’’.
controlling, budgeting, leading, and evaluating.
Student’s experiences in playing and officiating will
Different Functions contribute to the successful management of school sports
1. Planning- it is designing or identifying the method to be intramurals.
used in managing an activity.
2. Motivating- it is stimulating the desired and willingness There are several activities that are significant in running a
of every-one to work harmoniously and effectively. successful school sports intramural. Activities should vary
3. Organizing- it is implementing the plan in a systematic according to the needs of the students, the facilities, and the
way. equipment available.
4. Leading- it is supervising all personnel involved in the
program. A. Pre-game Activities
5. Controlling- it is the measurement and correction of  Prepare the list of sports events to be played.
performance in order to make sure that objectives and  List the available facilities and equipment.
plans are accomplished.  Prepare the entry forms for the participants.
 Prepare the different forms to be used in each event.
Sports Committees  Prepare the guidelines for the participating teams.
1. Finance and Resources- raises funds for the expenses
of all the committees and prepares statement of account B. Organizational Structure serve as the leaders in
at the end of the meet. running school sport intramurals
2. Program and Invitation- prepares the program of
activities invitations and security in all concerned in due  General Manager- heads and organizes the
time. intramural event; usually the principal.
3. Peace and Order- provides and maintains round-the  Athletic Manager- assists the General Manager,
clock general order and security in all the venues. especially in managing the sports competition;
4. Physical facilities- prepare the necessary facilities and usually the Department Head of MAPEH.
venues needed in the sports event.  Tournament Manager- assists Athletic Manager
5. Equipment- makes sure that the equipment for the in running the different sports events.
sports events are available, in good working condition,  Tournament Coordinators- prepare ground
and distributed before the competition. facilities and equipment before the schedule of
6. Prizes and Awards- prepare medals, trophies, plaques, games.
certificates, etc., and awards to be given to the winners.  Recorders- keep all official records and result.
7. Technical Committee- investigates and decides on all  Officiating Officials- they are the game officials
protest, appeals, or violations regarding the conduct of who will handle the different games.
the games.
A good officiating official should possess the following:
 Complete knowledge of the rules
 Physical fitness
 Good judgment
 Fairness
 Courtesy
 Courage
Lesson 3: Types of Tournament
A. SINGLE ELIMINATION B. DOUBLE ELIMINATION
 This type of elimination determines the winner by  In this type of elimination a team should be defeated
eliminating the loser in every match until there is twice before it is declared out of the competition.
one team left.
 It is the fairer than single elimination.
 This is the easiest and fastest way to declare a
 This type of elimination is superior to single
winner.
 This is also called the “knock-out” system. elimination in the sense that a team losing once has
Best Use: one more chance to advance toward the
 When the number of entries is large. championship
 When the time is short.
 When the number of playing venue is limited. Procedure:
1. Compute the number of games using the formula in a
Procedure: double elimination tournament.
1. Compute the number of games using the formula in a
single elimination tournament. Formula: G = 2(N-1)

Formula: G = N-1 where G – number of games

N – number of entries/team
where G – number of games 2. Determine the number of byes using the
N – number of entries/team Formula: Bye = 𝑷𝟐 - N
3. Determine the number of teams to play using the
2. Determine the number of byes using the Formula: NTP = N-Bye

Formula: Bye = 𝑷𝟐 - N Example

Compute the number of games, byes and number of teams
Bye – entitles a team to advance to the next round who will play in the first round in a tournament with 4
without playing. participants.
- Able to play in the second round
𝑷𝟐 - next highest power of two Formula: G = 2(N-1) G = 2(4-1) G = 2(3) G = 6
Fixed Value – (2, 4, 8, 16, 32 etc.) Formula: Bye = 𝑃2 - N Bye = 4-4 Bye = 0
N – number of entries Formula: NTP = N-Bye NTP = 4-0 NTP = 4

Note: DIAGRAM:
 If the number of entries/teams is a power of two,
such as (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, etc.) there is no bye. A
L1 W1
 If the number of entries/teams is odd, there are G1
1
always bye/byes. B
W4 W3
G4 G3
1
W5 C
3. Determine the number of teams to be played using the G5 L2 W2
G2
1
L3 D
Formula: NTP = N-Bye
G6
NTP - number of teams to play
N – number of entries
Bye = 𝑃2 - N SCHEDULE:

Example Game 1 A vs B
Compute the number of games, byes and number of teams Game 2 C vs D
who will play in the first round in a tournament with 4 Game 3 Winner 1 vs Winner 2
participants. Game 4 Loser 1 vs Loser 2
Game 5 Winner 4 vs Loser 3
Formula: G = N-1 G = 4-1 G=3 Game 6 Winner 5 vs Winner 3
Formula: Bye = 𝑃2 - N Bye = 4-4 Bye = 0
Formula: NTP = N-Bye NTP = 4-0 NTP = 4

DIAGRAM:

A
W1
G1
1
B
G3 C. ROUND ROBIN
C  It is a common type of tournament schedule among
W2 team sports such as basketball, volleyball, softball,
G2
1
D and baseball.
 It provides the opportunity for each competing team
SCHEDULE: to play against every other team.
 It is a very fair method of determining the winner
Game 1 A vs B because all opponents can get to play against each
Game 2 C vs D other.
Game 3 Winner 1 vs Winner 2
 Note:
Procedure:
1. Compute the number of games using the formula in a  If the number of teams is even number, there is no
round robin tournament. bye.
 If the number of teams is odd number, there are
Formula: G = N(N-1) bye/byes.
2
Breaking Ties in a Round Robin Tournament
where G – number of games
N – number of entries/team 1. In case of tie between two teams, the “WIN-OVER-THE-
OTHER” rule shall apply.
Example ROUND1 ROUND2 ROUND3
There are 6 teams competing in a round robin
87 1 vs 4 78 87 1 vs 3 88 90 1 vs 2 92
Formula: G = N(N-1)
2 85 2 vs 3 58 90 4 vs 2 89 87 3 vs 4 92
G = 6 (6-1) / 2
G = 6 (5) / 2 Team 2 and Team 4 = 2 Wins
G = 30 / 2
G = 15 Games Champion = Team 4

2. Determine the number of rounds using the 2. If there are triple tie between teams, break the tie by
determining the winners and losers when the teams
Formula: R = N-1 (if only the number of meet. Then get the difference of the scores in each
teams is an even number) match they play.
ROUND1 ROUND2 ROUND3
Formula: R = N (if only the number of teams
is an odd number) 87 1 vs 4 78 88 1 vs 3 87 90 1 vs 2 92

Example 85 2 vs 3 58 90 4 vs 2 89 87 3 vs 4 92
There are 6 teams competing in a round robin
Since the number of teams is 6 and an even number, use the Triple Ties (Team 1, Team 2 and Team 4) = 2 Wins
formula N-1 to know the number of rounds.
Formula: R = N-1 R = 5 rounds TEAM WINS PLUS LOSES MINUS TOTAL
1 II 9 I -2 7
3. In making the DIAGRAM and SCHEDULE: 2 II 2 I -1 1
a. With each number representing a team, arrange the 4 II 1 I -9 -8
teams evenly in two vertical columns. Champion = Team 1
2nd = Team 2
1 6 3rd = Team 4
2 5
3 4 3. The quotient system can also be used in breaking a triple
tie.
b. Pair the teams that are adjacent in each column.
ROUND 1 ROUND1 ROUND2 ROUND3

1 vs. 6 87 1 vs 4 78 88 1 vs 3 87 90 1 vs 2 92
2 vs. 5
3 vs. 4 85 2 vs 3 58 90 4 vs 2 89 87 3 vs 4 92

c. Rotate the numbers counter clockwise in the two Triple Ties (Team 1, Team 2 and Team 4) = 2 Wins
columns for the next round. Pair the teams. Rotate
the numbers again for each subsequent round. All Team Points for Points Against Quotient RANK
number one is constant.
1 87+90=177 78+92=170 177/170= Champion
1.04
2 89+92=181 90+90=180 181/180= 2nd
1.00
4 78+90=168 87+89=176 168/176= 3rd
0.95
ROUND ROUND ROUND ROUND ROUND
1 2 3 4 5

1 vs 6 1 vs 5 1 vs 4 1 vs 3 1 vs 2

2 vs 5 6 vs 4 5 vs 3 4 vs 2 3 vs 6

3 vs 4 2 vs 3 6 vs 2 5 vs 6 4 vs 5