IN ADDITION
Linking words and phrases here include:
and
both
also
as well as
furthermore
what is more
in addition to
Examples:
I am going to the movies AND after that I think I will go for a meal.
I will cook some food for you while I am away. I will cook lasagne and
paella, BOTH of them will be in the fridge so just heat them in the
microwave.
I need some vegetables and rice in the supermarket if you are going
today, ALSO if you could get some of the nice brown bread I would
appreciate it.
Did you hear what Mary said? She told her husband she wanted a divorce
and AS WELL AS that she was going to keep the dog!!
Good morning ladies and gentlemen. Today I want to tell you about our
companies performance last year and FURTHERMORE I will set out our
plans for next year.(much more formal English)
Your performance this year has really been good. You achieved all your
targets and WHAT IS MORE, you attracted any new clients. (very formal
also)
Come on in everybody we have great bargains in our shop today. We have a
20% reduction in all our main products and IN ADDITION TO that we will
give an extra 5% when you spend over €50!
CONTRAST
Linking words here include:
but
although
in spite of
despite
while
whereas
even though
on the other hand
Here we are looking at alternative or opposite opinions.
Examples:
The weather forecast is to be sunny today BUT the temperature is not likely
to rise above 10 o C.
I would like to go to the gym later ALTHOUGH I don’t think I have time as I
think my boss wants me to work late.
It was really cold on Saturday, IN SPITE OF this we still went out for a walk
in the forest and really enjoyed it.
DESPITE my objections my son still went out with his friends instead of
studying for his exams.
I went running in the park WHILE my wife stayed at home and cooked the
evening meal.
Ireland is usually wet and cold WHEREAS Spain has plenty of sunshine on
most days.
My friend insisted on going on holidays with us EVEN THOUGH he had no
job and no money!!
I can see the benefits of cycling to work every day, however, ON THE
OTHER HAND, there are not many cycle lanes in my city so it can be
dangerous.
GIVING EXAMPLES
Linking words here can include:
for example
for instance
namely
Examples:
I would like you to write an essay about your family, FOR EXAMPLE you
could tell me about your parents and siblings or grandparents.
When you are writing your essays make sure you use plenty of adjectives to
describe your feelings and what you see, FOR INSTANCE when describing
the cat tell me about its colour, size and age.
The expenses this year are almost twice the level of last year. Everything has
increased but some expenses, NAMELY rents and energy have increased
dramatically.
Linking Words and Phrases in English
RESULTS
The linking words and phrases we can use here are:
therefore
so
consequently
this means that
as a result
Examples:
I am sorry to tell you I am sick today and THEREFORE I will not be in work
today.
Hi darling, just leaving a message to say that I am late in work today SO I
won’t be able to pick you up at the usual time. Can you get the bus home?
The cost of iron and steel has increased dramatically CONSEQUENTLY we
will need to increase the price to our customers immediately.
The plumber cannot come today to fix the toilet, THIS MEANS THAT we will
have to use the bathroom in the basement, sorry!!
My team lost the last game of the season, AS A RESULT they didn’t win the
title this year.
REASONS
Linking words here can include:
due to the fact that
owing to
because
since
as
Examples:
DUE TO THE FACT THAT it is 1st May today we will not have any work.
Everyone is off work.
OWING TO the death of my grandmother I will have to leave the office early
and travel to her funeral.
I decided to go to the cinema with my friend Cathy so BECAUSE of this I
won’t be home until later tonight.
SINCE it is my birthday tomorrow I would like to invite you all to the pub for
a drink after work.
We unfortunately had to leave early AS our child was ill and we had to rush
home.
