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LIFE SKILLS
“A strong positive attitude creates more miracles than any
wonder drug!” Values
• Enduring belief that influences our choices in life to
promote well being
• Principles that reflect one’s judgement of what
is important in life
• Ethical values – govern virtuous behaviour
• Personal values differ from person to person.
• Some values have priority over others depending
on need level Morals • Principles of right and wrong in human behaviour, based on one’s own conscience
• A thought, word or action is considered morally
good if it agrees with general perception of what is right and what is wrong
• Morals stand for ‘goodness’ and promotes acceptable
behaviour of individuals Ethics
• Derived from the greek word ‘ethos’
• Ethics is the set of codes of conduct or moral principles
with which behaviour can be analysed as good/bad or right/wrong.
• Provides well disciplined standards and how to act and
respond according to situations
• Ethics is based on logic and reason
Ethics, Values, Morals
• Ethics – Rules that help us tell difference between
right and wrong – encourages to do right thing
• Values – Tell us what is important – helps us to make
decisions about right and wrong
• Morals – Rules we use to decide what is good or
bad Integrity
• Character trait that reflects a person’s degree of
honesty, adherence to moral principles and a complete harmony of one’s thought, speech and action
• Person of integrity – guided by morality and has
consistency in character Integrity
• Types of integrity
➢Professional
➢Political
➢Academic
➢Integrity in daily transactions
Civic Virtues • Moral duties or standards of righteous behaviour of an individual as a responsible member of the community and an integral part of the environment
• Eg. Volunteering in community initiatives, Voting in
elections, attending important meetings Civic Virtues for a Self-governing Republic • Civic knowledge : Rights, duties and responsibilities as enshrined in constitution
• Self restraint : Restrict ourselves from untoward
activities to maintain safety, law and order
• Self assertion: Comes from self esteem. If Govt. acts
against people – duty of citizen to alter government
• Self reliance : Virtue to support oneself, not to be a
burden to the society Respect for others and self respect • Self respect is necessary for respect of others
• Respect – deference and acknowledgement of
importance of another person, his viewpoints, rights Living peacefully
• Living peacefully
➢Respecting others and accepting differences
➢Forgiving others
➢Not interfering in others matters unless necessary
➢Giving credit for others works
➢Adapting to circumstances that cannot be changed
Living peacefully
➢Engage in good deeds
➢Enduring basic needs of everyone without
exploiting resources
➢Nurture love for all living beings
Caring and Sharing • Caring – having and expressing concern about others and their feelings and well being
➢Strengthens social ties, leads to peaceful living
Honesty Workplace
• Stating facts clearly without any dilution
• Refraining from deceiving customers
• Not responding to bribes/ nepotism
• Being straight forward
• Seeking truth before deciding and acting
Courage • Courage – is not the absence of fear • Ability to face fear and act in spite of being afraid
• Willingness to confront with pain, agony and
uncertainty • Seen in these situations ➢As part of duty (eg. Firefighter)
➢To face physical challenges (eg. People
engaged in adventurous/ dangerous sports) Courage ➢Courage in a social context (eg. To fight discrimination, for freedom etc)
➢Intellectual courage (to seek and speak truth even
if it upsets prevailing beliefs) Valuing time
• Be aware that time is a perishable resource
• Get your priorities right
• Be punctual
• Plan in advance
• Get rid of procrastination
Cooperation
• Process of individuals working together synergistically
towards completion of common objectives without surrendering individual freedom
• Advantages: Pooling of diverse and/or
complementary skills, gathering more ideas, enhanced manpower, greater resources, minimum utilisation of time Cooperation (contd…) •Cooperation between different section of company ensures better output, quality and efficiency •Lack of cooperation leads to delay, lack of coordination, insufficient communication, low morale •Reason for lack of cooperation ▪Absence of effective leadership ▪Lack of awareness among employees ▪Differential treatment, ego etc. Commitment
• Quality of holding on to a cause that one believes in,
even in difficulties and setbacks, with great attitude
• Three components of organizational
commitment
➢ Affective commitment: Employee loves his job and
is aligned with organizational goals and values Commitment
➢ Continuance commitment: Employee is driven by
fear of possible losses by leaving the company
➢ Normative commitment: Employee feels obliged
or duty bound to stay, even if he is unhappy 5 rules to enhance organizational commitment • Commitment to people-first values
• Clarify and communicate the mission of the
organization
• Guarantee the organizational justice
• Create a sense of community
• Support employee development
Empathy • Ability and willingness to imagine oneself in another’s place and see things in their perspective
• In workplace it leads to ➢ Better teamwork
➢ Better understanding of what motivates others
➢ Better appreciation of customer needs
➢ Better understanding of public perception of the
Confidence • Quality of believing in oneself and ones’ abilities
• Encompasses two traits
➢ Self esteem: one’s innate sense of self worth –
reflects the individual’s evaluation of self value
➢ Self efficacy: Belief in one’s own capacity to
perform, accomplish specific tasks and reach goal Confidence (Contd…) • Presence of confident employees in a workplace lead to:
➢ Open sharing and expression of opinions
➢Setting higher goals for employees and
organization
➢ Lesser tendency to complain
➢ Openness to change
➢ Better overall performance
Character • Sum total of person’s values, beliefs and personality
• Reflected in thoughts, behaviour, actions
Spirituality
• Broad concept involving a sense of connection to a
higher transcendental reality and a quest for ultimate truth and meaning of life
• Practices like meditation and prayer are meant to focus
on one’s inner life
• Spiritual thought encompasses humanistic values,
love, compassion, tolerance, harmony etc Sense of Engineering Ethics • Two different senses of engineering ethics
➢Normative sense (Analyses how people ought to act)
▪ Knowing moral values, finding accurate solutions to
moral problems and justifying moral judgments in engineering practices ▪ Study of decisions, policies, and values that are morally desirable in the engineering practice and research Sense of Engineering Ethics ▪ Using codes of ethics and standards and applying them in their transactions by engineers
➢Descriptive sense (Analyses what people think is
right)
▪ Refers to what specific individual or group of
engineers believe and act, without justifying their beliefs or actions