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1.3 Distance, Displacement, Time and Velocity
General Physics 1 (Batanes National Science High School)
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ADVANCED PHYSICS 10
Displacement, time, and
velocity
CHAPTER 2 Motion along a straight line
JOHN RICK VASOL, Teacher
Science Department – Senior High School
Tuesday, October 3, 2023
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Outline
At the end of this session, you should be able to:
• Distinguish distance from displacement;
• Differentiated speed from velocity;
• Solve for distance, displacement, speed and
velocity;
• Calculate average speed and average velocity of
moving objects
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Motion
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Motion
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Motion
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Motion
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Kinematics in 1D
Mechanics Ð study of the relationships among forces, matter and motion.
• Kinematics Ð mathematical description of motion
Ð study of the classification and comparisons of motion.
• Dynamics Ð effects that forces have on motion
Idealization Ð treat objects as point particles
Basic quantities in Kinematics
• Displacement !#" • Acceleration %"
• Velocity $" • Time &
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Displacement
• The displacement is a vector that points from an object's initial
position to its final position
!#" $ #"! % #""
• Its magnitude is the shortest distance between the two
positions. In 1D, the vector sign is implied:
!# $ #! % #"
Displacement
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Displacement vs Distance
Distance
Displacement
Non-zero Distance
Zero Displacement
• Distance - total length of the path taken. It is path dependent
(scalar)
• Displacement only depends on the starting and final position. It is
path independent.(vector)
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Time
• Time states when and how long the motion occurs
• Time is an important scalar quantity that describes motion.
• It is used in referring to a specific time an object is at a
particular point.
• Time interval:
!& $ &! % &"
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GENERAL PHYSICS 1
Velocity
Chapter 2 Motion along a Straight Line
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Average Velocity
• Idealize!
STOP! '()*+(,-*./012 +!& 3 &! 4 &"
t = ti t = tf
+
x=0m x = xi x = xf
'()*+,-./.012 3!#" $ #"! % #""
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Average Velocity
t1 = 1.0 s t2 = 4.0 s
+
x=0m 14 m 71 m
P1 P2
• Average velocity Ð rate of displacement (change in position) over
a time interval.
$!% % $!& '$!
"!!"#$ # #
&% % && '&
• Units of ()*
• Exercise: Calculate the velocity for the figure above.
• ANS: +,-.)/
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Average Velocity vs Average Speed
• Average speed
181,+37()1,0-.
45.6 )*..7 $
1(/.3(01.95,+
Ex: In two seconds an object took the following path:
10 m
8m
Calculate the average velocity and the average speed.
• Average speed : Magnitude of average velocity
Average speed = ; <=>
Average velocity = ?3<=> A@
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Activity Practice!
Starting from a pillar, you run B?C3<3east (taken to be the D#
direction) at an average speed of C6EE3<=> , and then run
FGC3<3 west at an average speed of H6FE3<=>3 to a post.
Calculate:
a) Your total distance travelled 0112 3
b) Your net displacement 412 1-3-65
c) The time for your eastward trip 042 1-7
d) The time it took for your westward trip 082 9-7
e) The total time of your entire trip :412 9-7
f) Average speed of your entire trip ;2 0-3)7
g) Average velocity of the entire trip 12 <<9-3)7-65
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Activity
You have trained all year for a marathon. In your first attempt to
run a marathon, you decide that you want to complete a
HF6?;C3I< in 2 hours. What would your average speed be?
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Activity
Kath and Yelena always play tennis every Sunday afternoon.
When Kath serves the ball to Yelena, it travels 9.5 meters south
in 2.1 seconds. What is the average velocity of the tennis ball?
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Quiz
1. You have trained all year for a marathon. In your first attempt to run a
marathon, you decide that you want to complete a 42.195 km in 2
hours. What would your average speed be?
2. Suppose you are walking home after school. The distance from
school to your home is 1.5 kilometres. On foot, you can get home in 25
minutes. However, if you rode a bicycle, you could get home in 10
minutes. What is your average speed while walking?
3. Kath and Yelena always play tennis every Sunday afternoon. When
Kath serves the ball to Yelena, it travels 9.5 meters south in 2.1
seconds. What is the velocity of the tennis ball?
4. An airplane flies 650 kilometres east in 1.2 hours. What is the
airplaneÕs velocity?
5. YelenaÕs mother drives 12 km southwest to RobinsonÕs mall. What is
the velocity of her motherÕs automobile if she arrives at the mall in 6
minutes?
10/3/23
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Credits and References
• University Physics 13th Ed, H. Young and R. Freedman
Pearson Education 2014
• PowerPoint Lectures for University Physics 13th Ed, Wayne Anderson
Pearson Education 2012
• Physics 71 Lectures by J Vance, M Flores, A Lacaba, PJ Blancas, G
Pedemonte, DL Sombillo, K Agapito
• Physics 71 slides by J De Mesa adapted by: Kym Clyde H. Moro
• Background:
http://www.wallpaperup.com/uploads/wallpapers/2012/10/03/1789
6/fa2f7d0c52d227b7c117099395fdce6f.jpg
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