CSS interview Question:-

1. What is CSS?

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a tool used to control the appearance or style of HTML elements on a
webpage. It helps make the webpage look visually appealing by setting things like colors, fonts,
layouts, and spacing. CSS doesn't affect the content itself, only how it appears.

2. Why do we use CSS?

We use CSS because:

 Saves Time: Once you write CSS, you can use it on many pages without repeating it.

 Easy Maintenance: If you want to change the look of your website, you can update just one
file, and it will apply to all the pages.

 Search Engine Friendly: Well-organized CSS makes it easier for search engines to read and
index the content.

 Better Styling: CSS allows you to style elements in more ways than HTML alone can.

 Offline Browsing: CSS allows you to save the design, so users can see it even without an
internet connection.

3. Advantages of CSS:

 Consistent Design: CSS ensures the same design across multiple pages of a website.

 Easy Maintenance: You can change the design in one place (CSS file) and it updates
everywhere.

 Faster Loading: Using CSS reduces the amount of code in your HTML, making the page load
faster.

 Responsive: CSS can make your website design work well on different screen sizes (mobile,
tablet, desktop).

 Reusable Code: CSS styles can be reused across multiple pages.

4. Disadvantages of CSS:

 Cross-browser Compatibility: Different web browsers may display CSS styles slightly
differently, which may require extra work to fix.

 Learning Curve: For beginners, it can be hard to understand the differences between older
and newer versions of CSS (CSS1, CSS2, CSS3).

 Limited Security: CSS only deals with styling; it cannot help with website security.

5. What is the current version of CSS?

The latest version of CSS is CSS3. It includes many modern features such as animations, transitions,
and more flexible layout options.

6. How is CSS different from CSS3?

 CSS: Older versions (CSS1 and CSS2) lacked features like 3D animations and flexible layouts.
  CSS3: Supports advanced features like 3D animations, better performance, and a modular
structure, making it easier to use and update.

7. List of CSS Frameworks:

CSS frameworks are pre-written sets of styles that help web developers create websites faster. Some
popular ones include:

 Bootstrap: A popular framework that helps create responsive websites.

 Tailwind CSS: A utility-first framework that gives you more control over styling.

 Bulma: A simple and flexible framework.

 Foundation: Another responsive framework for building modern websites.

8. Syntax for CSS:

CSS is written with a simple structure where you select the element you want to style, then define
the property and value. Example:

CSS

p{

color: red; /* Sets the text color of paragraph to red */

Here, p is the selector, and color: red; is the property and value.

9. Ways to Add CSS to HTML:

There are three ways to add CSS to HTML:

10. Priority Order:

CSS has a priority system that determines which styles apply if there are conflicts:

1. Inline CSS: Styles directly written inside the HTML element (highest priority).

2. Internal CSS: Styles written in the <style> tag within the HTML file.

3. External CSS: Styles in external .css files (lowest priority). Example: If you have a color
property defined in all three places, the inline style will take the highest priority and override
the others.

Here’s a simple explanation of each CSS concept:

11. CSS Selectors:

12. Adding Comments:

Comments are used to explain the code and are ignored by the browser. They help other developers
understand your code.

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/* This is a comment */

13. ‘A’ in RGBA:

14. CSS HSL Colors:

HSL stands for Hue, Saturation, and Lightness:

 Hue: The color on the color wheel (0–360 degrees).

 Saturation: The intensity of the color (0% to 100%).

 Lightness: How light or dark the color is (0% to 100%). Example:

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color: hsl(120, 100%, 50%); /* Bright green */

15. CSS Background Properties:

16. CSS Border Properties:

17. What does margin: 40px 100px 120px 80px mean?

This shorthand defines the space (margin) around an element:

 Top: 40px

 Right: 100px

 Bottom: 120px

 Left: 80px So, it sets different margin values for each side.

18. Margin vs Padding:

19. CSS Box Model:

The box model is how the browser treats elements in terms of space:

 Content: The actual text or images inside the element.

 Padding: The space between the content and the element’s border.

 Border: The line surrounding the padding.

 Margin: The space outside the border, separating the element from others.

20. CSS Border vs Outline:

21. How can we format text in CSS?
22. What are the different CSS link states?

23. Can we add an image as a list item marker?

Yes, you can use an image as a bullet point for a list by using the list-style-image property.

css

24. How can we hide an element in CSS?

25. Difference between display: none and visibility: hidden:

 display: none: The element is completely removed from the layout, and no space is reserved
for it.

 visibility: hidden: The element is invisible, but it still takes up space in the layout.

26. Can we overlap elements in CSS?

Yes, you can overlap elements using:

 position: To control where elements appear on the page.

 z-index: To control the stack order (which element appears on top of others).

27. What are the various positioning properties in CSS?

CSS provides different ways to position elements:

 Static: The default position (elements flow naturally on the page).

 Relative: The element is positioned relative to its normal position (it can be moved slightly
from where it would normally appear).

 Absolute: The element is positioned relative to the nearest positioned ancestor (i.e., an
element with a position other than static).

 Fixed: The element stays fixed in place relative to the viewport (it doesn't move when you
scroll).

 Sticky: The element switches between relative and fixed positioning depending on the scroll
position.

28. What is CSS overflow?

CSS overflow controls what happens if content overflows its container:

 visible: Content spills out of the container.

 hidden: Content that overflows is clipped (not visible).

 scroll: Adds scrollbars to the container, allowing you to scroll through the content.

 auto: Scrollbars appear only if needed (if the content overflows).

29. What does the CSS float property do?

The float property moves an element to the left or right, allowing text or other elements to wrap
around it. Example:

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img {

float: left; /* Moves the image to the left, letting text flow around it */

30. What does display: inline-block do?

inline-block combines both block and inline properties:

 The element behaves like an inline element (it doesn’t start on a new line), but it also allows
you to set width and height (which inline elements typically don’t). Example:

31. How can we vertically center text in CSS?

32. How can we center an image in CSS?

To center an image, you can use position: absolute; along with margin: auto; to center it within a
container:

33. What are CSS Combinators?

CSS combinators define the relationship between selectors. There are four types:

34. What are pseudo-classes in CSS?

Pseudo-classes are used to define styles for elements based on their state:
36. How can we add gradients in CSS?

Gradients create smooth transitions between colors:

37. Can we add 2D transformations in CSS?

Yes, CSS allows 2D transformations to modify an element's position, rotation, or size:

38. Can we add 3D transformations in CSS?

Yes, CSS allows 3D transformations to move, rotate, or scale elements in three-dimensional space:

39. What are CSS transitions?

CSS transitions allow you to animate changes to properties smoothly over a period of time.
Example:

40. How can we animate using CSS?

CSS animations let you create complex animations using @keyframes to define the changes at
specific times:
41. What does the CSS box-sizing property do?

The box-sizing property controls how the total width and height of an element are calculated:

 content-box (default): The width and height only include the content area, not padding or
borders.

 border-box: The width and height include padding and borders, so the total size doesn’t
increase when you add padding or borders.

42. How can we make our website responsive using CSS?

Responsive Web Design (RWD) adjusts a webpage’s layout to fit different screen sizes using media
queries. It ensures the site looks good on desktops, tablets, and mobile phones.

Example:

T
his will apply styles only when the screen width is 600px or smaller.

43. What is CSS Flexbox?

Flexbox is a layout system in CSS that makes it easier to arrange elements in rows or columns. It helps
create flexible and responsive designs because items adjust based on the available space.
Example:

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44. What is CSS Grid?

CSS Grid is a more powerful layout system that uses rows and columns to create complex layouts.
Unlike Flexbox, which is one-dimensional (rows or columns), Grid is two-dimensional (both rows and
columns).

Example:

45. What is the difference between Flexbox and Grid?

 Flexbox: Works in one dimension (either rows or columns).

 Grid: Works in two dimensions (both rows and columns), making it better for more complex
layouts.

46. What is the best way to include a CSS file? Why use @import?

The best way to include a CSS file in HTML is using the <link> tag in the <head> section. The @import
rule is used in CSS to import another stylesheet, but it can be slower because it loads files one at a
time.
Example:

47. How case-sensitive is CSS?

CSS selectors are mostly case-insensitive, but certain values like IDs, class names, font names, and
URLs can be case-sensitive depending on the browser or system.

48. What does CSS Animations allow?

CSS Animations let you smoothly change an element's style over time without needing JavaScript.

Example:

49. What is @keyframes used for?

@keyframes defines the steps in a CSS animation. It sets which styles the element will have at
specific times during the animation.

Example:
50. What are CSS Counters?

CSS Counters are variables that count occurrences of something. They’re useful for automatically
numbering list items or sections.

Example:

51. What is the universal selector?

The universal selector * selects all elements on the page.

Example:

52. What is RWD (Responsive Web Design)?

Responsive Web Design (RWD) ensures that a website looks good and works well on any device by
using flexible layouts, images, and CSS media queries.

53. What is the difference between class and id selector?

 Class selector (.): Can be used on multiple elements. It’s not unique.

 ID selector (#): Must be unique and can only be used on one element.
Example:

54. How can we use pagination in CSS?

Pagination is used to split large content into pages, typically with page numbers or buttons.

Example:
58. What is !important?

The !important rule is used to give a style higher priority than other conflicting styles.

Example:

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h1 {

color: red !important; /* This will override other color styles */

59. What is specificity in CSS?

Specificity determines which CSS rule gets applied when there are multiple rules that could target
the same element. Inline styles have the highest specificity, followed by IDs, classes, and HTML
elements.
60. What are CSS Attribute Selectors?

CSS Attribute Selectors let you select elements based on their attributes and values.

Example: