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Modbus Protocol Translation

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11 views

Modbus Protocol Translation

Uploaded by

Aya Bchini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Title: Modbus Protocol Communication

1. Presentation of Modbus Protocol

Modbus is a communication protocol developed by Modicon in 1979 for the transmission of data

between devices connected to the same network. It is widely used in industrial automation systems.

Modbus is a simple, robust, and open protocol that can be implemented on various communication

media, including serial (Modbus RTU), Ethernet (Modbus TCP/IP), and ASCII.

2. Principles of Modbus Communication

The Modbus protocol allows for master-slave communication, meaning that a master device

(controller or PC) can communicate with several slave devices (sensors, actuators, PLCs). The

communication is done through queries and responses. The master sends a request to a slave, and

the slave responds accordingly. The request and response frames are composed of an address, a

function code, data, and error-checking information.

3. Modbus RTU (Remote Terminal Unit)

Modbus RTU is the most widely used version of the protocol. It is based on serial communication,

particularly via RS232, RS485, or RS422. In RTU mode, data is transmitted in binary format

(hexadecimal) with high transmission speeds. The frame includes an address, a function code, data,

and a CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) to ensure data integrity.

4. Modbus ASCII

Modbus ASCII is another version of the protocol where data is transmitted in ASCII format. It is less

efficient than RTU in terms of transmission speed but can be useful in specific contexts where ASCII

is required. Each byte is represented by two ASCII characters, and the frame includes an address, a

function code, data, and LRC (Longitudinal Redundancy Check) for error-checking.
5. Modbus TCP/IP

Modbus TCP/IP is the version of the protocol that operates over Ethernet. It encapsulates Modbus

messages in TCP/IP frames, allowing devices to communicate over a local network or even

remotely via the Internet. It is widely used in modern automation systems for its flexibility and ease

of use.

6. Modbus Communication Functions

Modbus defines several functions that specify the type of communication between the master and

the slave. These include:

- Reading data: The master can request the reading of a register or memory from the slave.

- Writing data: The master can send data to be written to a register or memory of the slave.

- Diagnostic functions: These functions allow checking the state of communication or devices.

7. Application in Industrial Automation

Modbus is widely used in industrial automation systems for various reasons:

- Interoperability: Devices from different manufacturers can communicate using the Modbus

protocol.

- Reliability: Modbus ensures robust and reliable data transmission, even in harsh industrial

environments.

- Simplicity: The protocol is simple to implement and requires minimal resources on devices.

- Versatility: It can be implemented on different communication media and in various applications,

from sensors to controllers.

8. Security Considerations

Despite its advantages, Modbus is not natively secure. It was designed in an era when security

concerns were less critical. In modern systems, additional security layers such as encryption and
authentication are often implemented to protect communication against attacks.

Conclusion

Modbus remains one of the most widely used communication protocols in industrial automation,

thanks to its simplicity, reliability, and adaptability. Although newer protocols offer more advanced

features and security, Modbus continues to be a standard in many systems.

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