81013_4.

book Page i Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

RayPilot 650
Control Unit
Owner’s
Handbook

Document number: 81013-4

Date: July 2001
81013_4.book Page ii Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

ii RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Autohelm, HSB (High Speed Bus), SailPilot, SeaTalk and SportPilot

are registered trademarks of Raymarine Ltd.
Raymarine, AST (Advanced Steering Technology), AutoAdapt,
AutoLearn, AutoRelease, AutoSeastate, AutoTack, AutoTrim,
FastTrim, GyroPlus, RayGyro, RayPilot and WindTrim are
trademarks of Raymarine Ltd.

Handbook contents © Raymarine Ltd 2001.

81013_4.book Page iii Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Preface iii

Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................1
1.1 Overview .................................................................................. 1
1.2 About this handbook ................................................................. 3
Important Information .............................................................. 3
Chapter 2: Using the RayPilot 650 ...........................................7
2.1 Overview .................................................................................. 7
2.2 Auto mode ................................................................................. 8
Features ..................................................................................... 8
2.3 Navigation (Track) mode .......................................................... 9
Features ..................................................................................... 9
2.4 Power steer .............................................................................. 10
Features ................................................................................... 10
2.5 Manual override (AutoRelease) - sterndrives only ................. 10
2.6 Display and keypad ................................................................. 11
Display .................................................................................... 11
Keypad .................................................................................... 11
Key functions .......................................................................... 12
2.7 Response control ..................................................................... 18
Adjusting response – Type 150G/400G .................................. 18
Adjusting response – Types 150/400 and 100/300 ................. 19
2.8 Alarms and warnings .............................................................. 20
Off Course alarm ..................................................................... 20
Waypoint Change alarm .......................................................... 20
Low Battery alarm .................................................................. 21
No Drive alarm ........................................................................ 21
No Data alarm ......................................................................... 21
Data Invalid alarm ................................................................... 22
Manual Override (AutoRelease) alarm ................................... 22
Large XTE (Cross Track Error) alarm .................................... 22
2.9 Joystick operation ................................................................... 23
Basic operation ....................................................................... 23
Proportional mode .................................................................. 23
Bang-Bang mode .................................................................... 25
81013_4.book Page iv Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

iv RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Chapter 3: Maintenance & Fault Finding ..............................27

3.1 Maintenance ........................................................................... 27
3.2 Servicing ................................................................................. 28
3.3 Product support ....................................................................... 28
Chapter 4: Installing the RayPilot 650 ..................................31
4.1 Planning the installation ......................................................... 31
4.2 Mounting the control unit ....................................................... 33
Location .................................................................................. 33
Bracket mounting ................................................................... 34
Console mounting ................................................................... 35
Cabling .................................................................................... 36
4.3 Joystick installation (optional) ................................................ 37
Mounting ................................................................................ 37
Cabling .................................................................................... 37
Chapter 5: Commissioning the Autopilot ............................39
5.1 Dockside checks ..................................................................... 39
Step 1 - Switch on ................................................................... 39
Step 2 - Check the SeaTalk and NMEA connections .............. 40
Step 3 - Check the autopilot operating sense ........................... 40
Step 4 - Adjust basic autopilot settings ................................... 43
5.2 Initial seatrial .......................................................................... 46
Calibrating the compass .......................................................... 46
Adjusting autopilot settings .................................................... 49
Chapter 6: Adjusting Autopilot Settings ..............................55
6.1 Type 150/150G and 400/400G course computers .................. 56
Accessing Calibration mode ................................................... 56
Calibration screens ................................................................. 56
Calibration defaults: Types 150/150G & 400/400G ............... 64
Calibration options: Types 150/150G & 400/400G ................ 65
6.2 Type 100/300 course computers ............................................. 66
Accessing Calibration mode ................................................... 66
Calibration screens ................................................................. 66
Dealer Calibration: default settings with Type 100/300 ......... 73
81013_4.book Page 1 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 1: Introduction 1

Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Overview

1 Introduction
1
67-
D56

Congratulations on the purchase of your RayPilot 650 autopilot

control unit from Raymarine. We have developed the RayPilot 650 to
integrate simplified controls with a sophisticated processor to bring
you superb steering, no matter what the conditions. The totally
waterproof control unit has features such as:
• an illuminated keypad, which takes the guesswork out of
night-time use
• a rotary course knob which allows you to make accurate course
changes by as little as 1°
• a large easy to read display that provides you with graphic
representations of rudder angle, cross track error and much more
The RayPilot 650 has these basic operating modes:
• Standby mode: autopilot off
• Auto mode: autopilot engaged and locked onto a heading
• Navigator (Track) mode: autopilot on and maintaining a track
between two waypoints created on a navigation system
• Wind Vane mode: autopilot on and maintaining a course relative
to an apparent wind angle
• Power Steer mode: allows full control of the boat via the course
change knob
• Calibration mode: so you can adjust the autopilot system to give
optimum performance on your boat
 81013_4.book Page 2 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

2 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

The RayPilot 650 is SeaTalk™ compatible, allowing it to share

information with other SeaTalk instruments. This becomes useful for
some automatic adjustments made by the autopilot. For example,
when the RayPilot is connected to a speed instrument, the speed gain
1 Introduction

link allows the RayPilot to adjust the amount of rudder applied

according to the speed of the boat.
When connected to a SeaTalk navigation aid or chart plotter via its
built-in interface, the RayPilot 650 will track to your waypoint with
amazing accuracy.
The RayPilot 650 system can be expanded and enhanced with a
selection of options and accessories available from your Raymarine
dealer. These include: further full function stations, a hand-held
control unit, a joystick power steering lever or an auxiliary alarm.
SeaTalk and NMEA compatibility
The RayPilot 650 control unit is SeaTalk compatible, so it can share
data transmitted from other Raymarine SeaTalk instruments:
• wind information from a wind instrument can be used for
wind vane steering without the need to install a separate vane
• track information, from a navigator, can provide waypoint control
from the autopilot
• boat speed from a speed instrument can provide optimum track
keeping performance
• SeaTalk compatibility also allows additional fixed and hand-held
autopilot control units to be easily connected at secondary
steering and control positions
If the RayPilot 650 is used as part of a course computer system, you
can connect NMEA 0183 transmitting equipment to the ports on the
course computer. With an optional SeaTalk/NMEA interface (part
number: E85001), you can also connect NMEA 0183 equipment to
the SeaTalk ports on the RayPilot 650.
EMC conformance
All Raymarine equipment and accessories are designed to the best
industry standards for use in the recreational marine environment.
The design and manufacture of Raymarine equipment and
accessories conform to the appropriate Electromagnetic
Compatibility (EMC) standards, but correct installation is required to
ensure that performance is not compromised.
81013_4.book Page 3 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 1: Introduction 3

1.2 About this handbook

Part 1: Using the RayPilot 650

1 Introduction
This part of the handbook explains how to use your RayPilot 650:

Chapter 2: Using the RayPilot 650

2 How to use the RayPilot 650
page 7

Chapter 3: Maintenance & Fault Finding

3 Provides maintenance and fault finding information.
page 27

Part 2: Installing the RayPilot 650

This part of the handbook explains how to install your RayPilot 650:

Chapter 4: Installing the RayPilot 650

4 How to install your RayPilot 650.
page 31

Chapter 5: Commissioning the Autopilot

5 How to check the autopilot and perform an initial sea trial.
page 39

Chapter 6: Adjusting Autopilot Settings

6 How to change the calibration settings.
page 55

Note: This handbook contains important information about

installing, using and maintaining your new Raymarine product. To
get the best from the product, please read this handbook thoroughly.

Important Information
Warranty
To register your new Raymarine product, please take a few minutes to
fill out the warranty card. It is important that you complete the owner
information and return the card to us to receive full warranty benefits.
Handbook information
To the best of our knowledge, the information in this handbook was
correct when it went to press. However, Raymarine cannot accept
liability for any inaccuracies or omissions it may contain. In addition,
our policy of continuous product improvement may change
specifications without notice. As a result, Raymarine cannot accept
liability for any differences between the product and the handbook.
 81013_4.book Page 4 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

4 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Safety notices
WARNING: Product installation
This equipment must be installed and operated in accordance
1 Introduction

with the instructions contained in this handbook. Failure to do so

could result in poor product performance, personal injury
and/or damage to your boat.
WARNING: Electrical safety
Make sure the power supply is switched off before you make any
electrical connections.
WARNING: Navigation aid
Although we have designed this product to be accurate and
reliable, many factors can affect its performance. As a result, it
should only be used as an aid to navigation and should never
replace common sense and navigational judgement. Always
maintain a permanent watch so you can respond to situations as
they develop.
Your Raymarine autopilot will add a new dimension to your boating
enjoyment. However, it is the skipper’s responsibility to ensure the
safety of the boat at all times by following these basic rules:
• Ensure that someone is present at the helm AT ALL TIMES, to
take manual control in an emergency.
• Make sure that all crew members know how to disengage the
autopilot.
• Regularly check for other boats and any obstacles to navigation –
no matter how clear the sea may appear, a dangerous situation can
develop rapidly.
• Maintain an accurate record of the boat’s position by using either
a navigation aid or visual bearings.
• Maintain a continuous plot of your boat’s position on a current
chart. Ensure that the locked autopilot heading will steer the boat
clear of all obstacles. Make proper allowance for tidal set – the
autopilot cannot.
• Even when your autopilot is locked onto the desired track using a
navigation aid, always maintain a log and make regular positional
plots. Navigation signals can produce significant errors under
some circumstances and the autopilot will not be able to detect
these errors.
81013_4.book Page 5 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Part 1: Using the RayPilot 650

Part 1:
Using the
RayPilot 650
 81013_4.book Page 6 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM
Part 1: Using the RayPilot 650
81013_4.book Page 7 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 2: Using the RayPilot 650 7

Chapter 2: Using the RayPilot 650

2.1 Overview
This section of the manual provides instructions for the operation of
your RayPilot 650.
The section starts by explaining the information available on the
control head display. A key by key guide follows, which doubles as a
useful reference lookup once you are familiar with the pilot’s
operation.
You should read and understand this operation manual thoroughly

2 Using the RayPilot 650

before operating the pilot. Time spent in becoming familiar with this
unit will strengthen your knowledge and skill in using this full feature
autopilot where it counts...afloat.
 81013_4.book Page 8 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

8 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

2.2 Auto mode

When the autopilot is in Auto mode it will maintain the boat on a
selected magnetic heading.
To enter Auto mode, simply steer the boat onto the desired course and
then push AUTO - it is that simple. Course changes can be made by
adjusting the knob so that the required new heading is displayed. The
RayPilot 650 will then automatically turn the boat onto the new
course. The maximum rate of turn is governed by a preset turn limit,
so even large course changes at speed are accomplished safely.
2 Using the RayPilot 650

045˚

D850-1

Features
In Auto mode, the RayPilot 650 displays the following information:
• AUTO legend
• compass heading
• rudder angle
• boat speed (if available)
81013_4.book Page 9 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 2: Using the RayPilot 650 9

2.3 Navigation (Track) mode

Navigation mode relies on the input of your waypoint or route of
waypoints to provide tracking to destinations. Navigation mode is the
ultimate autopilot facility. Set up a waypoint or route of waypoints on
your navigation aid and the pilot will now monitor cross track error
and automatically execute course changes to maintain the boat’s
heading towards the target waypoint.
We have developed this combination with safety utmost in mind.
When you reach your target waypoint, the RayPilot 650 will sound an
alarm and display the bearing to the next waypoint along with the
direction in which the boat will turn. You then check to see the turn

2 Using the RayPilot 650

can be made safely. Now press the NAV key to turn the boat on course
for the next waypoint. This assures that no sudden course changes are
made without your knowledge.

D851-1
003

002

001

000

Features
In Navigation (Track) mode, the RayPilot 650 displays the following
information:
• NAV legend
• cross track error (XTE)
• target waypoint bearing, distance and number
• direction to steer
• boat speed (if available)
• locked compass heading
• rudder angle (selectable)
 81013_4.book Page 10 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

10 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

2.4 Power steer

D853-1

Power steer mode allows full control of the boat’s helm via the
course change knob. If you require helm to port simply rotate the
knob to port, helm to starboard turn the knob to starboard. The
2 Using the RayPilot 650

RayPilot 650 provides a continuous display of rudder position,

allowing you to position the helm accurately for steering in any
situation.

Features
In Power Steer mode, the RayPilot 650 displays:
• POWER STEER legend
• compass heading and rudder angle
• boat speed (if available)

2.5 Manual override (AutoRelease) - sterndrives only

Manual override is automatically enabled when vessel type 4
(sterndrive) is selected. It must only be used on installations fitted
with the stern drive actuator. When it has been selected, the RayPilot
can be overridden to allow hand steering by turning the steering
wheel. This will return the RayPilot to Standby mode and sound the
control unit buzzer for 10 seconds.
There is a slight delay before the Raypilot will return to Standby.
Excessive force is not required and will not reduce this delay.

CAUTION:
The manual override is intended for emergency use only. The
RayPilot should normally be disengaged by pressing STBY on the
control unit.
81013_4.book Page 11 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 2: Using the RayPilot 650 11

2.6 Display and keypad

Display
The RayPilot 650 display is designed to provide concise, clear
information. The display can be illuminated for night time operation.

Cross Track Error

or Rudder Angle
Selectable Boat Speed
Rudder/XTE

Autopilot

2 Using the RayPilot 650

Heading
Mode

Alarms
Target Waypoint
Information
D854-1

Keypad
The RayPilot 650 keypad is designed for quick and simple operation.
Each time a key is pressed a single audio beep confirms entry. The
6 keys have adjustable backlighting for night-time operation.

D856-1
 81013_4.book Page 12 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

12 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Key functions
The following section describes the operation of each key and
provides a useful look-up reference.
AUTO
2 Using the RayPilot 650

D857-1
• Momentary press to engage automatic steering and maintain
current heading.
• Momentary press in calibration will advance the display to the
next calibration feature.
• Momentary press in Auto mode will reset the 4 minute watch
alarm timer (if running).
• Momentary press in compass correction mode will change
between compass correction and alignment.
STBY
D858-1

• Press to disengage the pilot for manual hand steering.

(The previous automatic heading will be memorized).
• Press and hold for 2 seconds to select rudder gain adjustment.
• Press and hold for 4 seconds to select compass heading
alignment.
• Press and hold for 6 seconds to view software version.
• Press and hold for 16 seconds to access Calibration mode.
81013_4.book Page 13 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 2: Using the RayPilot 650 13

AUTO and STBY

D5661-1
• Press AUTO and STBY together from any other mode to enter
Wind Vane mode

2 Using the RayPilot 650

NAV

D859-1

• Momentary press (while in Auto or Wind Vane Mode) flashes the

display between bearing to waypoint and direction the vessel will
turn.
• Second press within 10 seconds of the first press will engage
Navigation (Track) mode and turn the pilot onto the bearing to the
first waypoint.
• Press and hold for 2 seconds to automatically select the next
waypoint in a route (Raychart or SeaTalk compatible
plotter/GPS). This will also advance the Target waypoint on the
Raychart if equipped.
 81013_4.book Page 14 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

14 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

RESP

D860-1
• Momentary press to display current rudder gain level.
2 Using the RayPilot 650

• Press and hold for 2 seconds to display current response level.

• You can then make temporary adjustments to the displayed
values using either:
• LIGHTS ▼ to decrease the level
• NAV ▲ to increase the level
• or the course change knob
Note: You can make permanent adjustments to response and rudder
gain in Calibration mode.
LIGHTS and RESP
D1007-1

• Momentary press of LIGHTS and RESP together will switch on

the Watch Alarm timer (not available from Standby or Power
Steer modes).
81013_4.book Page 15 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 2: Using the RayPilot 650 15

RESP and NAV

D1008-1
• Momentary press of RESP and NAV together will switch the
display between cross track error and rudder angle (displayed

2 Using the RayPilot 650

value and scale).
RESUME (PWR STR)

D862-1

• From Standby mode:

• press to display the last automatic heading – the heading will
alternate with the direction you have to steer
• press again within 10 seconds to lock onto the last automatic
heading
• From Wind Vane mode:
• press to display the last locked wind angle and direction
• press again within 10 seconds to return
• Press RESUME for 2 seconds to engage Power Steer mode from
any mode (except calibration, compass correction and joystick
manual).
 81013_4.book Page 16 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

16 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

LIGHTS

D861-1
• Push LIGHTS to switch on and adjust the display and keypad
illumination:
2 Using the RayPilot 650

• 0 = Off
• 1 = Minimum level
• 2 = Medium level
• 3 = Maximum level
• Press for 2 seconds to select display contrast adjustment, of which
there are 2 levels.
▲ (NAV) and ▼ (LIGHTS) keys
D862-1A

• Push to increase or decrease any adjustable function.

81013_4.book Page 17 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 2: Using the RayPilot 650 17

Course change knob

D863-1
• Adjusts locked heading

2 Using the RayPilot 650

• Adjusts heading in Compass Correction mode
• Moves rudder in Power Steer mode
• Adjusts values in Calibration mode
Watch alarm
The RayPilot 650 has a built in Watch Alarm. This is a timer that
flashes after 3 minutes and sounds an alarm on each control unit a
minute later. To silence the alarm and reset the watch alarm to
4 minutes, press a key or rotate the course change knob.
Note: Watch alarm is not available in Standby or Power Steer modes.
To enable/disable the watch alarm press LIGHTS and RESP together
momentarily.
D1007-1
 81013_4.book Page 18 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

18 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

2.7 Response control

Adjusting response – Type 150G/400G
The main way you can adjust the performance of Type 150G/400G
(GyroPlus) autopilot systems is by changing the response level. This
is the only user adjustment you should need to make to the autopilot
on a regular basis.
The response level controls the relationship between the autopilot’s
course keeping accuracy and the amount of helm/drive activity.
Type 150G and 400G autopilot systems have 9 levels of response:
• level 1 gives the least pilot activity to conserve power, but may
2 Using the RayPilot 650

compromise short-term course-keeping accuracy

• levels 4 to 6 should give good course keeping under normal
operating conditions – with crisp, well controlled turns but
without being over-aggressive
• level 9 gives the tightest course keeping and greatest rudder
activity, but may lead to a rough passage in open waters as the
autopilot may ‘fight’ the sea
When you require extra tight course keeping (e.g. for pilotage in
confined and sheltered waters), increase the setting. If you want to
minimize drive activity and conserve battery power, decrease
the setting.
You can adjust the default response level in Calibration mode. This
determines the default power-up response level. However, when
using your autopilot on a day-to-day basis, you can make temporary
adjustments to the response level. By doing this you can match
autopilot performance to different conditions.

Temporary changes to response – Type 150G/400G

With these points in mind, you should use the following procedure to
make temporary adjustments to the response level when required:
1. Display the RESPONSE screen by pressing RESP for 2 seconds.
2. Use the ▲ (NAV) or ▼ (LIGHTS) key or course change knob to
change the response level.
3. Wait for 5 seconds to return to the previous display.
Note: You will lose these temporary changes to response level
whenever the system is powered off. You can make permanent
adjustments in Calibration mode.
81013_4.book Page 19 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 2: Using the RayPilot 650 19

Adjusting response – Types 150/400 and 100/300

To adjust the performance of Type 150/400 (without GyroPlus) and
Type 100/300 autopilot systems you can change the response level.

Response level – Types 150/400 and 100/300

The response level controls the relationship between the autopilot’s
course keeping accuracy and the amount of helm/drive activity.
You can adjust the default response level in Calibration mode. This
determines the default power-up response level.
However, when using your autopilot on a day-to-day basis, you will

2 Using the RayPilot 650

need to make temporary adjustments to the response level. By doing
this you can match autopilot performance to different conditions.
Type 150/400 (without GyroPlus) and Type 100/300 autopilot
systems have three different response levels:
• Response Level 1: AutoSeastate on (Automatic deadband)
This setting causes the autopilot to gradually ignore repetitive
boat movements and only react to true variations in course. This
provides the best compromise between power consumption and
course keeping accuracy, and is the default calibration setting.
• Response Level 2: AutoSeastate off (Minimum deadband)
This setting provides tighter course keeping. However, this
results in increased power consumption and drive unit activity.
• Response Level 3: AutoSeastate off + yaw damping
This setting provides the tightest possible course keeping by
introducing counter rudder yaw damping. You can adjust the
counter rudder setting in Calibration mode.
To make a temporary change to the response setting:
1. Display the RESPONSE screen by pressing the RESP keys for 2
seconds.
2. Use the ▲ (NAV) or ▼ (LIGHTS) key or course change knob to
change the response between levels 1 to 3.
3. Wait for 5 seconds to return to the previous display.
Note: You will lose these temporary changes to response level
whenever the system is powered off. You can make permanent
adjustments in Calibration mode.
 81013_4.book Page 20 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

20 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

2.8 Alarms and warnings

The RayPilot has a number of warning alarms that can be displayed.
An audible alarm will also sound at the same time.

Off Course alarm

2 Using the RayPilot 650

D987-1

The Off Course alarm sounds in Auto, Navigation (Track) and

Wind Vane modes when the current compass and the locked pilot
heading differ by more than the setting in calibration for a period of
20 seconds.

Waypoint Change alarm

D988-1A

The Waypoint Change alarm sounds in Navigation (Track) mode

when the target waypoint from the navigation aid changes.
The display alternates between the direction the boat will turn and the
bearing to the next waypoint in the route.
81013_4.book Page 21 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 2: Using the RayPilot 650 21

Low Battery alarm

D989-1
The Low battery alarm sounds in all modes when the battery
voltage falls below 11.2 V (on 12 V installations) or 21 V (on 24 V

2 Using the RayPilot 650

installations).

No Drive alarm
D990-1

The No Drive alarm sounds in all modes if the drive unit is electrically
disconnected.

No Data alarm
D991-1

The No Data alarm sounds in Navigation (Track) mode when data has
not been received from a navigation aid.
 81013_4.book Page 22 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

22 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Data Invalid alarm

D992-1
The Data Invalid alarm sounds in Navigation (Track) mode when
incorrect data has been received from a navigation aid.
2 Using the RayPilot 650

Manual Override (AutoRelease) alarm

D993-1

The Manual Override (AutoRelease) alarm sounds in all modes on

sterndrive installations when the helm is physically moved to regain
manual steering.

Large XTE (Cross Track Error) alarm

D991-1

The Large XTE alarm sounds in Navigation (Track) mode when

cross track error is greater than 0.3 nm.
81013_4.book Page 23 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 2: Using the RayPilot 650 23

2.9 Joystick operation

The optional joystick (part number: M81161) provides simple
power-assisted manual steering when the RayPilot 650 is used with
a Type 100 or Type 300 course computer.
Note: This feature is not available on Type 150/150G or
Type 400/400G course computers

CAUTION:
Before use, familiarize yourself with joystick operation.
On power boats, always gain experience at low speeds before
using the joystick at higher speeds.

2 Using the RayPilot 650

Basic operation
The autopilot system must be switched on at the main circuit breaker
before the joystick can be operated.
To engage joystick control, press the control button (located in the
center of the lever) once. The RayPilot 650 will then display a
POWER STEER legend along with the current heading.

D996-1

The joystick can operate in either Proportional or Bang-Bang mode.

You can select the required type is set up in Calibration mode.

Proportional mode
Proportional mode applies rudder in proportion to joystick
movement. The further the joystick is held over the greater the
applied rudder (see illustrations on next page).
 81013_4.book Page 24 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

24 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Proportional mode - applying port rudder

Small Helm Angle

Large Helm Angle

2 Using the RayPilot 650

D997-1

Proportional mode - applying starboard rudder

Small Helm Angle

Large Helm Angle

D998-1
81013_4.book Page 25 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 2: Using the RayPilot 650 25

Bang-Bang mode
Bang-Bang (drive left – drive right) mode applies continuous rudder
drive in the direction of joystick movement. To improve control, the
speed of rudder movement changes with the angle of the lever: for
maximum speed push the lever hardover. If the lever is returned to the
center position the rudder will remain in its current position.
The spring action should not be removed for Bang-Bang operation.

Bang-Bang mode - applying port rudder

2 Using the RayPilot 650

D999-1

Bang-Bang mode - applying starboard rudder

D1000-1
 81013_4.book Page 26 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

26 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

2 Using the RayPilot 650
81013_4.book Page 27 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 3: Maintenance & Fault Finding 27

Chapter 3: Maintenance & Fault Finding

This chapter provides information about maintaining your RayPilot
and obtaining product support.

3.1 Maintenance
CAUTION:
The RayPilot control unit does NOT contain any user serviceable
parts. It should be repaired only by authorized Raymarine
service representatives.
Maintaining satisfactory operation of your RayPilot and system
components will depend on how well you care for the equipment.
The basic maintenance tips that follow can save you time and money,
as well as prevent unnecessary and premature failures.
• Always keep the equipment as clean as possible.
• Use a soft clean cloth for cleaning instrumentation. Do not use
abrasive cleansers, chemical cleaners or solvents. Use glass
cleaners or a suitable general purpose detergent.
• Periodically examine the system hardware.

3 Maintenance & Fault Finding

• Examine all cables for possible chafing or abrasions; clean and
repair as necessary.
• Make sure connections to the boat’s power supply and RF ground
system are clean and tight – a light film of a high insulation
silicone grease (eg, Dow Corning DC-4) on connector pins can
protect the plug contacts from corrosion.

EMC advice
• When powered up, all electrical equipment produces
electromagnetic fields. These can cause adjacent pieces of
electrical equipment to interact with one another, with a
consequent adverse effect on operation.
• To minimize these effects and enable you to get the best possible
performance from your Raymarine equipment, guidelines are
given in the installation instructions, to enable you to ensure
minimum interaction between different items of equipment,
i.e. ensure optimum Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC).
 81013_4.book Page 28 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

28 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

• Always report any EMC-related problems to your nearest

Raymarine dealer. We use such information to improve our
quality standards.
• In some installations, it may not be possible to prevent the
equipment from being affected by external influences. In general
this will not damage the equipment but it can lead to spurious
resetting action, or momentarily may result in faulty operation.

3.2 Servicing
WARNING:
The RayPilot 650 control unit has an electro-fluorescent panel to
provide display backlighting. The circuitry used to drive this
panel generates approximately 300 V. You must NOT operate the
unit is with its cover removed.
Servicing should only be carried out by qualified service agents or
authorized service centers.

3.3 Product support

All Raymarine products are designed to provide many years of
3 Maintenance & Fault Finding

trouble-free operation. We also put them through comprehensive

testing and quality assurance procedures before shipping.
Raymarine products are supported by a worldwide network of
distributors and Authorized Service Representatives.
Before you consider returning the autopilot, make sure that the power
supply cable is sound and that all connections are tight and free from
corrosion. If you cannot trace or rectify the fault, contact either your
national distributor, service representative, or the Raymarine
Technical Services Call Center. Refer to the back cover or the
Worldwide Distributor List for contact details.
Always quote the product serial number, which is printed on the back
of the control unit.
81013_4.book Page 29 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Part 2:
Installing the
RayPilot 650

Part 2: Installing the RayPilot 650

 81013_4.book Page 30 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM
Part 2: Installing the RayPilot 650
81013_4.book Page 31 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 4: Installing the RayPilot 650 31

Chapter 4: Installing the RayPilot 650

4.1 Planning the installation
Before you start installing your RayPilot 650, read through the
following information to help you determine where to locate the
RayPilot and route its cables.
Cabling guidelines
• consider how you will run cables to and from each component
• avoid running cables through bilges where possible
• avoid running cables close to fluorescent lights, engines, radio
transmitting equipment etc.

EMC installation guidelines

All Raymarine equipment and accessories are designed to the best
industry standards for use in the recreational marine environment.
Their design and manufacture conforms to the appropriate
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standards, but correct
installation is required to ensure that performance is not compromised.
Although every effort has been taken to ensure that they will perform
under all conditions, it is important to understand what factors could
affect the operation of the product.
The guidelines given here describe the conditions for optimum EMC
performance, but it is recognized that it may not be possible to meet
all of these conditions in all situations.
To ensure the best possible conditions for EMC performance within
the constraints imposed by any location, always ensure the maximum
separation possible between different items of electrical equipment.
For optimum EMC performance, we recommend that:
4 Installing the RayPilot 650

• Raymarine equipment and cables connected to it are:

• At least 3 ft (1 m) from any equipment transmitting or cables
carrying radio signals e.g. VHF radios, cables and antennas.
In the case of SSB radios, increase the distance to 7 ft (2 m).
• More than 7 ft (2 m) from the path of a radar beam. A radar
beam can normally be assumed to spread 20 degrees above
and below the radiating element.
 81013_4.book Page 32 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

32 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

• The equipment is supplied from a separate battery from that used

for engine start. Voltage drops below 10 V, and starter motor
transients, can cause the equipment to reset. This will not damage
the equipment, but may cause the loss of some information and
may change the operating mode.
• Raymarine specified cables are used. Cutting and rejoining these
cables can compromise EMC performance and must be avoided
unless doing so is detailed in the installation manual.
• If a suppression ferrite is attached to a cable, this ferrite should not
be removed. If the ferrite needs to be removed during installation
it must be reassembled in the same position.
EMC suppression ferrites
We supply the fluxgate compass and power cables with suppression
ferrites fitted. Always use these ferrites supplied by Raymarine.

D3548-2

Connections to other equipment

If your Raymarine equipment is to be connected to other equipment
using a cable not supplied by Raymarine, a suppression ferrite MUST
always be attached to the cable near to the Raymarine unit.
4 Installing the RayPilot 650
81013_4.book Page 33 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 4: Installing the RayPilot 650 33

4.2 Mounting the control unit

233 mm (9.2 in) 74 mm (2.9 in)

33 mm
193 mm (7.6 in) (1.3 in)

110 mm (4.3 in)

123 mm (4.8 in)

47.5 mm (1.87 in) D866-1

The RayPilot control unit is fully weather protected and is designed

for above or below deck installation. Connection to the course
computer is made via the SeaTalk bus.
RayPilot control units can be mounted on a chart tabletop, suspended
overhead or attached to a bulkhead using the bracket supplied.

Location
Mount the RayPilot control unit close to the steering station where it
will be:
• normally viewed straight on for best display legibility
• well protected from physical damage
• at least 230 mm (9 in) from a compass
• at least 500 mm (20 in) from radio receiving equipment
• accessible from behind to install and run cables
4 Installing the RayPilot 650
 81013_4.book Page 34 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

34 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Bracket mounting

Washer Knob
Screw Mounting
bracket

Control Seating Lock

unit washer washer Nut
D883-1

1. Remove the mounting bracket from the RayPilot control unit by

loosening the knob on each side.
2. Attach the bracket to the selected location with the screws,
washers, seating washers, lock washers and nut.
3. Slide the RayPilot control unit into the bracket and secure in
position by tightening the knobs.
4 Installing the RayPilot 650
81013_4.book Page 35 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 4: Installing the RayPilot 650 35

Console mounting

Rubber Control Washer Screw

spacer unit Bolt (x2) (x6)
Bracket
(x2)

D885-1

1. Select a clear location at least 228 mm x 127 mm (9 in x 5 in) by

127 mm (5 in) deep.
2. Attach the supplied template to the console and drill a pilot hole
inside the rectangular hole.
3. Use a suitable saw to cut a hole to match the template.
4. Fit the bracket and secure using the six screws.
5. Assemble the RayPilot control unit to the bracket and secure
using the bolts and washers.
4 Installing the RayPilot 650
 81013_4.book Page 36 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

36 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Cabling
The RayPilot control unit is provided with a 9 m (30 ft) SeaTalk cable
fitted with a flat moulded 3-pin socket on each end. The SeaTalk
cable provides power to the control unit and allows it to share data.
1. Plug one end of the cable into one of the two SeaTalk sockets on
the back of the RayPilot control unit.
2. Run the SeaTalk cable back to the course computer, bearing in
mind the EMC and cabling guidelines at the start of this chapter.
Note: If the control unit is not the main autopilot control unit, run the
SeaTalk cable to the main control unit and connect to the free SeaTalk
socket on the rear of the unit.
3. Cut the remaining plug from the SeaTalk cable and connect to the
wires to the SeaTalk terminals on the course computer as shown
in the following illustration.
Connecting to course computer as main control unit
Type 150/400 course computer terminals

Screen Red Yellow

Type 100/300 course computer terminals

4 Installing the RayPilot 650

Screen Red Yellow

D886-2

Note: If your boat is already fitted with ST50 instruments, connect the
RayPilot to the SeaTalk system using an interface cable with a round
plug. The course computer can supply power for the complete system.
81013_4.book Page 37 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 4: Installing the RayPilot 650 37

4.3 Joystick installation (optional)

Note: The joystick is an option for Type 100/300 course computers.

Mounting
The mounting surface must be smooth and flat to insure that there is
adequate waterproofing.
1. Use the template provided to mark the centers for the two fixing
holes and outline of the body aperture.
2. Drill the fixing holes and cut-out the aperture for the body.
3. Remove the mounting template.
4. Peel off the protective paper from the rear of the weather gasket
and fix to the mounting surface.
5. Pass the cable through the body aperture and secure the joystick
with the thumb nuts provided.

R1004-1

Cabling
The joystick is supplied with 26ft (8m) of cable which should be
connected to the Type 100/300 course computer as shown.
4 Installing the RayPilot 650

Red Green
Screen Blue

D984-1

Note: Only one joystick can be connected to the course computer.

 81013_4.book Page 38 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

38 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

4 Installing the RayPilot 650
81013_4.book Page 39 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 5: Commissioning the Autopilot 39

Chapter 5: Commissioning the Autopilot

5 Commissioning the Autopilot

WARNING:
All new autopilot system installations MUST be calibrated.
If you have connected the RayPilot 650 to a newly installed
course computer autopilot system, you must commission the system
This involves a series of dockside checks and then the seatrial
calibration:
Note: Before completing the procedures in this section, complete the
‘Post installation checks’ described in the drive installation guide.

5.1 Dockside checks

With the boat safely tied up, complete the following dockside checks:
1. Switch on.
2. Check the SeaTalk and NMEA connections.
3. Check the autopilot operating sense.
4. Set the basic autopilot parameters.
WARNING:
For safe control of your boat, you MUST complete the dockside
checks before starting the initial seatrial.

Step 1 - Switch on
1. When you have installed the RayPilot control unit and the rest of
the autopilot system, switch on the main power breaker.
2. If the control unit and system are active, the control unit will beep
and then display the STANDBY screen.
3. Check that the STANDBY screen displays a live compass heading.
.
D858-1
 81013_4.book Page 40 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

40 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Step 2 - Check the SeaTalk and NMEA connections

5 Commissioning the Autopilot

SeaTalk connections
If you have connected the RayPilot to other SeaTalk instruments or
control units, check the links as follows:
1. Select display lighting level 3 (LAMP 3) on one of the SeaTalk
instruments or control units.
2. The RayPilot should immediately switch on its display lighting:
• if the lighting does not switch on, there is a fault in the SeaTalk
cabling between the RayPilot and the other units

NMEA navigator connections

If you have connected the autopilot system to an NMEA navigator,
check the links by setting an active waypoint on the navigator. After a
brief delay, the RayPilot should show the waypoint information at the
bottom of its screen.

Wind instrument connections

If you have connected the autopilot to an NMEA or SeaTalk wind
instrument, check the links by pressing AUTO and STBY together:
• the RayPilot should display the Wind Vane mode screen, with the
locked wind angle and locked heading:
• if nothing happens when you press AUTO and STBY together, the
RayPilot is not receiving wind data: check the wind instrument
and connections

Step 3 - Check the autopilot operating sense

Check the rudder position sensor

1. Turn the wheel manually to starboard.
2. Check that the rudder bar on the display moves to starboard.
If the rudder bar display moves to port:
• turn off the power
• reverse the red and green wires connected to the RUDDER
inputs on the course computer
• switch on the power and re-check
81013_4.book Page 41 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 5: Commissioning the Autopilot 41

Check the autopilot steering sense

5 Commissioning the Autopilot

1. Manually center the wheel, then press the AUTO key so the
autopilot is in Auto mode. Check that the display shows AUTO.
Be ready to press standby if the rudder moves hardover.
2. Turn the course change knob clockwise. Check that the rudder
moves to starboard a few degrees and then stops.
• if the rudder drives hardover, immediately press STBY to
prevent further rudder movement

D853-1

If the rudder moves to port or the rudder drives hardover:

• press STBY
• turn off the power
• reverse the motor wires connected to the course computer
• switch on the power and re-check
Note: If the rudder overshoots and has to drive back or starts to hunt
back and forth, you will need to increase the rudder damping level as
described in Step 5 (see page 45).

Mechanical system tests

Mechanical test (linear, rotary and hydraulic drives)
WARNING:
When the steering system is being moved manually, or under
drive from the autopilot, do not touch any part of the system. The
forces exerted are considerable and could cause injury.
1. Push AUTO.
2. Turn the course change knob to drive the rudder hardover onto the
end stops (Note: This may require increasing the rudder limit in
the calibration mode).
3. Make sure the drive unit mounting shows no sign of movement.
 81013_4.book Page 42 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

42 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

4. For hydraulic systems, make sure there is no seepage of hydraulic

5 Commissioning the Autopilot

fluid and that the steering ram moves smoothly.

CAUTION:
If the installation is a non Raymarine Constant Running Pump,
firstly check that the system includes a pressure relief valve.
Failure to do this could cause damage to the steering system.
5. Repeat driving the rudder hardover to the opposite end stop.

Current limit and cut-out

When the rudder is driven onto the end stops the power to the drive
will be cut out after a few seconds - this is normal. Drive will only be
restored if the rudder moves away from the end stop or if drive is
required in the opposite direction.

Mechanical test (sterndrives)

It is recommended that the Auto Release facility is used when a
Raymarine mechanical sterndrive unit is installed. This is
automatically selected when the vessel type in calibration is set to 4.
1. Manually drive the steering hard-over to starboard.
2. With the boat’s engines running, engage power steer and drive the
steering to the opposite lock (Port) using the course change knob.
3. The autopilot should drive the steering onto the end stops, sound
an alarm while displaying the RELEASE message and then revert to
Standby mode.
4. Re-engage power steer and repeat driving the steering hard to
starboard using the course change knob.
5. The autopilot should again drive onto the end stop, alarm/display
RELEASE and return to standby.
Note: If the unit sounds the alarm and displays RELEASE before
reaching the opposite lock, carefully check the boat’s steering system
for any stiffness or mechanical jamming.
If the condition persists, set the Auto Release function to “off” (0) in
calibration and contact the Technical Services Department at
Raymarine for further advice.
Note: The Auto Release function should always be set to “off” (0) in
calibration if using any drive unit other than a sterndrive unit.
81013_4.book Page 43 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 5: Commissioning the Autopilot 43

Step 4 - Adjust basic autopilot settings

5 Commissioning the Autopilot

The next step in the dockside set-up is to enter Calibration mode so
you can adjust some basic autopilot settings.

Enter Calibration mode

1. Start with the autopilot in Standby mode.
2. Enter Calibration mode as follows:
• press and hold STBY for 16 seconds until the display
shows CAL
• press STBY and AUTO together to enter Calibration mode
• the first screen you should see

Set the vessel type

1. The first screen you should see when you enter Calibration mode
is the Vessel Type screen (vES tYP).
Note: If necessary, use the AUTO key to page through the Calibration
screens until you reach the Vessel Type screen.
2. Use the ▲ (NAV) or ▼ (LIGHTS) key or course change knob to
select a vessel type suitable for your boat:

Options
1 Displacement powerboat
2 Semi-displacement powerboat
3 Planing powerboat
4 Planing powerboat with I/O drive (stern drive)
5 Work boat (150/150G and 400/400G only)
6 Sail boat (150/150G and 400/400G only)

Note: When you select the vessel type, the autopilot will select
appropriate defaults for various other calibration settings.
 81013_4.book Page 44 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

44 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Set the drive type

5 Commissioning the Autopilot

1. With the autopilot still in Dealer Calibration, use the AUTO key to
page through the calibration screens until you reach the Drive
Type screen (drv oPt).
2. Use the ▲ (NAV) or ▼ (LIGHTS) key or course change knob to
make sure the appropriate drive type is selected for your boat:

Options
3 Linear drive, rotary drive or I/O (stern) drive
4 Hydraulic pump or hydraulic linear drive
5 Constant running hydraulic pump solenoids

Align the rudder position sensor

1. With the autopilot still in Calibration mode, press the AUTO key
to page through the calibration screens until you reach the
Align Rudder screen (rUd Add).
2. Use the wheel to manually center the rudder.
3. Use the ▲ (NAV) and ▼ (LIGHTS) keys or course change knob
to adjust the displayed rudder bar so its offset is zero:
• you can only use this screen to adjust offsets within ±7°: if the
offset is beyond these limits, you will need to physically
adjust the sensor’s alignment (as described in the Autopilot
System Installation Guide)
Note: Alternatively, you can zero the rudder bar with the boat
underway during the initial seatrial, by manually steering a straight
course then accessing the Align Rudder screen to adjust the offset.

Set the rudder limits

1. With the autopilot still in Calibration mode, press the AUTO key
to page through the Calibration screens until you reach the
Rudder Limit screen (rUd StP).
2. Turn the wheel to move the rudder:
• to the port end stop and note the angle
• to the starboard end stop and note the angle
3. Use the ▲ (NAV) or ▼ (LIGHTS) key or course change knob to
set the rudder limit to 5° less than the lowest angle you have
noted.
81013_4.book Page 45 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 5: Commissioning the Autopilot 45

Adjust the rudder damping

5 Commissioning the Autopilot

Note: You only need to adjust the rudder damping value if the
autopilot ‘hunts’ when trying to position the rudder. Increasing the
rudder damping value reduces hunting.
To adjust the rudder damping:
1. Use the AUTO key to page through the Calibration screens until
you reach the Rudder Damping screen (rUd dPG).
2. Use the ▲ (NAV) or ▼ (LIGHTS) key or course change knob to
adjust the rudder damping:
• increase the damping one level at a time until the autopilot
stops hunting, and always use the lowest acceptable value

Save the new settings

When you have adjusted these basic settings in Dealer Calibration:
• press and hold STBY for two seconds to store the changes
• the screen will then show the STANDBY screen
 81013_4.book Page 46 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

46 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

5.2 Initial seatrial

5 Commissioning the Autopilot

After competing the dockside calibration, you must complete the

setup by taking the boat on a short seatrial to:
1. Calibrate the compass:
• complete the automatic deviation correction
• align the compass heading
2. Adjust the autopilot settings to suit your boat.

Seatrial safety
Note: You can return to hand steering at any time during the
seatrial by pressing stby.
You should only perform the initial seatrial:
• when you have successfully completed the dockside calibration
• in conditions of light wind and calm water, so you can assess
autopilot performance without the influence of strong winds or
large waves
• in waters that are clear of any obstructions, so the boat has plenty
of clear space to maneuver
Note: Before you start your seatrial, make sure you have switched on
any ancillary equipment – such as a GPS (providing course over
ground (COG), speed over ground (SOG) and latitude (LAT) data) or
a speed log (providing speed through the water). This information
will help the autopilot achieve its best performance.

CAUTION: EMC conformance

Always check the installation before going to sea to make sure
that it is not affected by radio transmissions, engine starting etc.

Calibrating the compass

Note: This section does not apply if you have connected an NMEA
compass to your autopilot system. Refer to the handbook supplied
with the NMEA compass for information about calibration.
Depending on your boat type, deviating magnetic fields can cause
significant compass errors. The correction procedure reduces these
errors to a few degrees, so you MUST perform this procedure as the
81013_4.book Page 47 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 5: Commissioning the Autopilot 47

first item in your initial seatrial. The autopilot will then automatically

5 Commissioning the Autopilot

correct the fluxgate compass.

CAUTION:
If you fail to complete the deviation correction, your autopilot’s
performance will be impaired on some compass headings.
The deviation correction procedure (swinging the compass) involves
turning your boat in slow circles so the autopilot can determine the
deviation and calculate any correction required. You must carry out
this procedure in calm conditions and preferably on flat water.

Automatic compass deviation correction

1. With the pilot in Standby mode, press and hold STBY for
4 seconds.
2. You will then see the current autopilot heading and a dEv ---
message.

D920-1a

3. Start turning the boat in slow circles (with the boat’s speed below
2 knots). You will need to complete up to 2 circles, taking at least
3 minutes to complete each 360°.
4. Continue slowly turning the display shows the amount of
deviation the autopilot has corrected.

Current compass heading

Deviation present
D920-2a
 81013_4.book Page 48 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

48 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Note: If the deviation figure exceeds 15° or the display shows no

5 Commissioning the Autopilot

deviation value, the compass is being affected by ferrous objects on

your boat. You should move the compass to a better location. Higher
deviation figures are acceptable on steel boats.

Aligning the compass heading

1. Once the deviation is displayed, manually steer the boat on a
steady course at a speed which enables you to hold that course.
2. Use the course change knob to adjust the displayed heading until
it matches the boat’s steering compass or a known transit bearing.
3. Press and hold STBY for 2 seconds to exit Compass Calibration
and save the new compass settings.
Note: To exit without saving changes, press STBY momentarily.

Adjusting the heading alignment

If you experience difficulties with compass alignment, you can check
the compass alignment after completing the deviation correction
procedure (swinging the compass). After completing the initial
compass calibration, you can make further adjustments to the
alignment without swinging the compass again.
Although the compass calibration removes most of the alignment
error, small errors (of the order of a few degrees) will probably
remain. These will vary depending on the heading.
Ideally, you should check the heading reading against a number of
known headings, plot a deviation curve, and determine the heading
alignment value that will give the lowest average alignment error.
You can then enter this value on the Heading Alignment screen, as
described above.
If the average heading error is more than 5°, you should perform the
compass deviation correction procedure again, circling more slowly
and in more favorable conditions.

Further adjustments to heading alignment

If the heading alignment requires further adjustment after the seatrial:
1. Enter Compass Calibration by pressing STBY for 4 seconds.
2. Use the course change knob to adjust the displayed heading until
it matches the boat’s steering compass or a known transit bearing.
3. Press STBY for 2 second to save changes and return to Standby.
81013_4.book Page 49 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 5: Commissioning the Autopilot 49

Adjusting autopilot settings

5 Commissioning the Autopilot

The next stage of the seatrial is to set key autopilot parameters that
affect the autopilot’s steering characteristics.
You need to manually adjust the rudder gain, counter rudder and
AutoTrim settings, based on your observations of the boat’s
performance under autopilot control.
Adjust these settings when motoring your boat at cruising speed.
On sail boats, repeat if necessary under sail to optimize the pilot.

Checking autopilot operation

Before manually adjusting any of these settings, we recommend that
you familiarize yourself with basic autopilot operation:
1. Steer onto a compass heading and hold the course steady.
If necessary, control the boat manually for a while to check how
the boat steers.
2. Press AUTO to lock onto the current heading. The autopilot
should hold a constant heading in calm sea conditions.
3. Use the course change knob to check how the autopilot alters the
course to port and starboard.
Sterndrive systems only: With the RayPilot in Auto mode and
clear of obstruction, turn the steering wheel to observe the
manual override (AutoRelease). Repeat two or three times until
you are confident with its operation.
4. Press STBY to return to hand steering.

Adjusting the rudder gain

Boats can vary widely in their response to helm, and by adjusting the
rudder gain you can change the autopilot’s steering characteristics.
Rudder gain is a measure of how much helm the autopilot applies to
correct course errors – higher settings mean more rudder is applied.
Complete the following test to determine whether the rudder gain is
set correctly:
1. Set Response to level 2:
• press the RESP key for 2 seconds, then use the ▲ (NAV),
▼ (LIGHTS) key or course change knob to adjust the setting,
then wait for five second to return to Standby mode
 81013_4.book Page 50 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

50 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

2. Sail your boat at cruising speed in clear water:

5 Commissioning the Autopilot

• you will find it easiest to recognize the steering response in

calm sea conditions where wave action does not mask basic
steering performance
3. Press AUTO to enter Auto mode, then alter course by 40°:
• if the rudder gain is adjusted correctly, the 40° course change
should result in a crisp turn followed by an overshoot of no
more than 5°
• if the rudder gain setting is too high, the 40° course change
will result in a distinct overshoot of more than 5° and there
may be a distinct ‘S’ in the course (A)
Correct this oversteer by reducing the rudder gain setting.
• if the rudder gain is too low, the boat’s performance will be
sluggish – it will take a long time to make the 40° turn and
there will be no overshoot (B)
Correct this understeer by increasing the rudder gain setting.

New
heading
B
New
heading
A
Rudder setting
too low New
heading
Rudder setting
too high

Correct rudder
setting

D3262-2

To adjust the default rudder gain:

1. Access the Rudder Gain screen in Calibration mode.
2. Use the▲ (NAV) and ▼ (LIGHTS) keys or course change knob to
adjust the rudder gain as necessary.
3. Press and hold STBY for 2 seconds to save the changes.
4. Press AUTO to check the autopilot performance in Auto mode.
81013_4.book Page 51 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 5: Commissioning the Autopilot 51

Adjusting rudder gain - high speed planing craft

5 Commissioning the Autopilot

WARNING:
It is particularly important to set rudder gain correctly on high
speed craft. Incorrect adjustment will lead to poor steering
performance and this can be dangerous at high speed.
Adjust rudder gain as follows:
• set the default rudder gain for optimum steering performance at
the boat’s normal cruising speed
• press the RESP key to access the Rudder Gain screen: you can
then make temporary adjustments to rudder gain either side of the
calibrated setting to provide optimum autopilot steering
Due to the significant differences in dynamic stability between
planing and non-planing conditions, most high speed boats require
Rudder Gain adjustment when going from planing to displacement
speeds or vice versa. The required adjustment can be achieved
automatically or manually:
Automatic adjustment:
When the autopilot has speed input from a SeaTalk or NMEA speed
instrument, it will automatically adjust rudder gain with boat speed.
After setting the gain at planing speed no further manual adjustment
should be required.
WARNING:
When speed information is fed to the autopilot via the NMEA
input always check the displayed speed is close to the actual boat
speed before locking the autopilot onto a heading. Delays in data
transmission could result in the autopilot applying too much
rudder after a large change in boat speed.
Manual adjustment:
If no speed input is available, adjust rudder gain manually via the
RESP key:
1. Speed decreases from planing to displacement:
• increase rudder gain by 1 or 2 level
2. Speed increases from displacement to planing:
• decrease rudder gain by 1 or 2 levels
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52 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

WARNING:
5 Commissioning the Autopilot

Manual gain adjustment must be made after reducing from

planing to displacement speed and before increasing from
displacement to planing speed.

Adjusting the counter rudder

If you intend to use Response level 3 on a Type 150/400
(non-GyroPlus) or Type 100/300 autopilot system, you will need to
adjust the counter rudder. Counter rudder is the amount of rudder the
autopilot applies to try to prevent the boat from yawing off course.
Higher counter rudder settings result in more rudder being applied.
To check the counter rudder setting
1. Set Response to level 3.
2. Sail your boat at cruising speed in clear water
3. Press AUTO to switch the autopilot to Auto mode, then make a
90° course change:
• when gain and counter rudder are both set correctly, the boat
performs a smooth continuous turn with minimal overshoot
• if the counter rudder is too low, the boat will still overshoot
• if counter rudder is too high, the boat will ‘fight’ the turn and
make a series of short, sharp turns: this results in a very
‘mechanical’ feel as the boat changes course
To adjust the counter rudder:
1. Access the Counter Rudder screen in Calibration mode.
2. Use the ▲ (NAV) and ▼ (LIGHTS) keys or course change knob
to adjust the counter rudder.
3. Press and hold STBY for 2 seconds to save the changes.
4. Press AUTO to check the autopilot performance in Auto mode.
The pilot is now calibrated and ready for use.

Further adjustments
Over time you may need to repeat these adjustments over a range of
sea conditions and headings to achieve good overall performance.
You may also need to adjust the AutoTrim setting. AutoTrim
determines how quickly the autopilot applies ‘standing helm’ to
correct for trim changes (caused, for example, by changes in the
wind load on the sails or superstructure, or an imbalance of engines).
81013_4.book Page 53 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 5: Commissioning the Autopilot 53

Gain experience with your autopilot before attempting to adjust the

5 Commissioning the Autopilot

AutoTrim setting. On sail boats you can only evaluate the effect of
AutoTrim while under sail.
Increasing the AutoTrim level reduces the time the autopilot takes to
get back onto the correct course, but makes the boat less stable:
• if the autopilot gives unstable course keeping and the boat
‘snakes’ around the desired course, decrease the AutoTrim level
• if the autopilot hangs off course for excessive periods of time,
increase the AutoTrim level
If you need to adjust AutoTrim, go up one level at a time and use the
lowest acceptable value. The possible settings range from OFF (no
trim correction) to 4 (fastest trim correction). To adjust the AutoTrim:
1. Access the AutoTrim screen in Calibration mode.
2. Use the ▲ (NAV) and ▼ (LIGHTS) keys or course change knob
to adjust the AutoTrim level.
3. Press and hold STBY for 2 seconds to save the changes.
4. Press AUTO to check the autopilot performance in Auto mode.
 81013_4.book Page 54 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

54 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

5 Commissioning the Autopilot
81013_4.book Page 55 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 6: Adjusting Autopilot Settings 55

Chapter 6: Adjusting Autopilot Settings

This chapter explains all of the calibration settings you can adjust on
the autopilot system. You will have adjusted many of these settings
when commissioning the system (see Chapter 5), and they should not
require further adjustment.
The order of the calibration screens and the options you can select
depend on the type of course computer connected to your RayPilot:
• for information about Calibration mode with Type 150/150G
and Type 400/400G course computers, refer to page 56

6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

• for information about Calibration mode with Type 100/300
course computers, refer to page 66
Note: Complete the procedures described in Chapter 5 before
adjusting any calibration settings.
 81013_4.book Page 56 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

56 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

6.1 Type 150/150G and 400/400G course computers

Accessing Calibration mode
You can only access Calibration mode from Standby mode:
1. With the autopilot in Standby mode, press and hold STBY for
16 seconds until the display shows a small CAL legend.
2. Press AUTO and STBY together: you will then see a large CAL
message.
3. Press AUTO to enter Calibration mode.
4. Press AUTO to scroll through the various calibration screens.
6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

5. When you reach an item you wish to adjust, use the ▲ (NAV) and
▼ (LIGHTS) keys or course change knob to change the value.
6. When you have made all the required changes, press and hold
STBY for 2 seconds to exit Calibration mode and save changes.
Note: To exit Calibration mode without saving changes, press STBY
momentarily.

Calibration screens
When you use the RayPilot 650 with a Type 150/150G or
Type 400/400G course computer, the calibration screens appear in
the following order:

Calibration lock (CAL LoC)

This screen controls whether it is possible to access the compass
deviation and alignment screens.

Options
0 Calibration lock off – compass deviation can be
accessed (default)
1 Calibration lock on – compass deviation cannot be
accessed
81013_4.book Page 57 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 6: Adjusting Autopilot Settings 57

Vessel type (vES tYP)

Vessel type should be set when commissioning the autopilot.
Options
1 Displacement powerboat
2 Semi-displacement powerboat
3 Planing powerboat
4 Planing powerboat with I/O drive (stern drive)
5 Work boat (150/150G and 400/400G only)
6 Sail boat (150/150G and 400/400G only)

6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

Note: When you select the vessel type, the autopilot will set
appropriate defaults for several other calibration settings. Refer to
the table on page 64 for default values.

Drive type (drv oPt)

The drive type setting controls how the autopilot drives the steering
system. The drive type should be set when commissioning the
autopilot.
Options
3 Linear drive, rotary drive or I/O (stern) drive
4 Hydraulic pump or hydraulic linear drive
5 Constant running hydraulic pump solenoids

Align rudder (rUd Add)

Use the screen to center the rudder bar display after installing the
autopilot system.
Screen text Range
rUd Add -7° to +7° in 1° steps
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58 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Rudder limit (rUd StP)

Use the rudder limit screen to set the limits of autopilot rudder control
just inside the mechanical end stops. This will avoid putting the
steering system under unnecessary load. You should adjust this
setting when commissioning the autopilot.
Screen text Range
rUd StP 10° to 40° in 1° steps

Rudder gain (rUd LEv)

This screen determines the default rudder gain setting. Rudder gain is
6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

a measure of how much helm the autopilot will apply to correct

course errors. The higher the setting the more rudder will be applied.
The default rudder gain is set during the initial seatrial. You can make
temporary changes to this rudder gain value during normal operation.
Screen text Range
rUd LEv 1 to 9

Counter rudder (rtE LEv)

Counter rudder is the amount of rudder the autopilot applies to try to
prevent the boat from yawing off course. Higher counter rudder
settings result in more rudder being applied. The default rudder gain
is set during the initial seatrial.
Screen text Range
rtE LEv 1 to 9

Rudder damping (rUd dPG)

Adjust the rudder damping value if the autopilot ‘hunts’ when trying
to position the rudder. Increasing the rudder damping value reduces
hunting.
Screen text Range
rUd dPG 1 to 9
81013_4.book Page 59 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 6: Adjusting Autopilot Settings 59

AutoTrim (tr LEv)

The AutoTrim setting determines the rate at which the autopilot
applies ‘standing helm’ to correct for trim changes caused by varying
wind loads on the sails or superstructure.
The default AutoTrim is set when commissioning the autopilot.
If you need to change the setting, increase the AutoTrim one level at a
time and use the lowest acceptable value:
• decrease the AutoTrim level if the autopilot gives unstable course
keeping or excessive drive activity with a change in the heel angle
• increase the AutoTrim level if the autopilot reacts slowly to a

6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

heading change due to a change in the heel angle
• if the AutoTrim level is too high, the boat will be less stable and
snake around the desired course
Note: Type 150G/400G autopilots have a ‘FastTrim’ feature within
AutoTrim. Select OFF to turn off FastTrim as well as AutoTrim.
Setting Effect
OFF No trim correction
1 Slow trim correction
2 Medium trim correction
3 Rapid trim correction
4 Very rapid trim correction

Response level (rES)

This is the default autopilot response level. The response level
controls the relationship between course keeping accuracy and the
amount of helm/drive activity. You can make temporary changes to
response during normal operation.
 81013_4.book Page 60 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

60 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Type 150G/400G autopilot systems

Type 150G/400G autopilot systems have 9 possible response levels.
Options
1 to 9 • level 1 gives the least pilot activity to conserve power, but
may compromise short-term course-keeping accuracy
• levels 4 to 6 should give good course keeping with crisp,
well controlled turns under normal operating conditions
• level 9 gives the tightest course keeping and greatest
rudder activity, but may lead to a rough passage in open
waters as the autopilot may ‘fight’ the sea
6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

Type 150/400 autopilot systems

Type 150/400 (non-GyroPlus) and Type 100/300 autopilot systems
have 3 possible response levels:
Setting
1 AutoSeastate on (Automatic deadband)
• autopilot to gradually ignores repetitive boat movements
and only react to true variations in course
• provides the best compromise between power
consumption and course keeping accuracy
2 AutoSeastate off (minimum deadband)
• provides tighter course keeping
• increased power consumption and drive unit activity
3 AutoSeastate off + counter rudder yaw damping
• provides tightest possible course keeping by introducing
counter rudder yaw damping

Turn rate limit (trn rtE)

Note: Not available if vessel type = 6 (Sail boat).
This limits your boat’s rate of turn under autopilot control.
Screen text Range
trn rtE 1° to 30° per second in 1° steps
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Chapter 6: Adjusting Autopilot Settings 61

Off course warning angle (oFF CrS)

This screen determines the angle used by the Off Course warning.
The Off Course warning operates if the pilot strays off course by more
than the specified angle for more than 20 seconds.
Screen text Range
oFF CrS 15° to 40° in 1° steps

Locked heading

6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

Boat heading

15° minimum

D3264-2

AutoRelease (I/O drives only) (AUt rLS)

Note: Only available if vessel type = 4 (Stern drive).
If the vessel type is set to 4 (I/O or stern drive), you will see the
AutoRelease screen set to 1 (on) as a default. AutoRelease provides
emergency manual over-ride in situations when you need to avoid an
obstacle at the last moment.
Screen text Range
0 AutoRelease off
1 AutoRelease on (default for stern drives)
 81013_4.book Page 62 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

62 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

WindTrim (wind response) (unE tC)

Note: Only available if vessel type = 6 (sail boat) on Type 150/150G
or Type 400/400G.
WindTrim (wind response) controls how quickly the autopilot
responds to changes in the wind direction. Higher wind trim settings
will result in a pilot that is more responsive to wind changes.
Screen text Options
unE tC Range = 1 to 9
Lower values (1 to 3) = autopilot responds to longer term
wind changes (less pilot activity)
6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

Typical values = 4 to 6
Higher values (7 to 9) = autopilot responds to shorter term
wind changes (more pilot activity)

Cruise speed (CSE SPd)

Set the cruise speed to the boat’s typical cruising speed. If both the
boat’s speed through the water and speed over ground are unavailable
via SeaTalk or NMEA, the autopilot will use this default cruise speed
when computing course changes.
Screen text Range
CSE SPd 4 to 60 knots

AutoAdapt (AUt AdP)

The AutoAdapt feature allows the autopilot to compensate for
heading errors at higher latitudes, which are caused by the increasing
dip of the earth’s magnetic field. The increased dip has the effect of
amplifying rudder response on northerly headings in the northern
hemisphere, and on southerly headings in the southern hemisphere.

Options
0FF AutoAdapt off
1 AudoAdapt compensation on – Northern hemisphere
2 AutoAdapt compensation on – Southern hemisphere

Note: If you set AutoAdapt to 1 or 2, you then need to enter your

current latitude in the next screen (Latitude), so that the autopilot can
provide accurate course keeping by automatically adjusting the
81013_4.book Page 63 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 6: Adjusting Autopilot Settings 63

rudder gain depending on the heading. If you have a GPS connected,

the autopilot will take latitude information from the GPS.

rth
No

without
rth compensation
No

with
compensation

6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

D3263-2P

Latitude (LAt)
The RayPilot only displays this screen if you have set AutoAdapt to
1 or 2. Use the ▲ (NAV) and ▼ (LIGHTS) keys or course change
knob to set the value to your boat’s current latitude, to the nearest
degree.
Note: If valid latitude data is available via SeaTalk or NMEA, the
RayPilot will use this data instead of the calibration value.
Screen text Range
LAt 0° to 80° in 1° steps

Magnetic variation (vAr)

If required, set this value to the level of magnetic variation present at
your boat’s current position – indicated as east or west. The autopilot
sends this variation setting to other instruments on the SeaTalk
system, and it can be updated by other SeaTalk instruments.
Screen text Options
OFF Default setting = OFF
vAr EAST/ vAr WEST 30°EAST(-30°) to 30° WEST (+30°) in 1° steps
 81013_4.book Page 64 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

64 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Calibration defaults: Types 150/150G & 400/400G

Calibration
Vessel type
setting

Semi Displacement

Stern drive (I/O)

Factory default

Displacement

Work boat

Sail boat
Planing
Calibration lock 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Vessel type 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

Drive type 3 4 4 4 3 5 3
Rudder alignment 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rudder limit 30 30 30 20 20 30 30
Rudder gain 4 5 4 4 4 5 2
Counter rudder 4 3 5 5 5 2 2
Rudder damping 2 2 2 2 2 3 2
AutoTrim 2 2 3 3 3 2 1
Response: with G 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
non-G 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turn rate limit 5 5 5 5 5 5 ---
Off course angle 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
AutoRelease OFF --- --- --- ON --- ---
Wind Trim 5 --- --- --- --- --- 5
Cruise speed 8 8 8 8 20 8 8
AutoAdapt nth nth nth nth nth nth nth
Latitude 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Variation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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Chapter 6: Adjusting Autopilot Settings 65

Calibration options: Types 150/150G & 400/400G

Calibration
Vessel type
setting

Semi Displacement

Your settings
Stern drive (I/O)
Factory default

Displacement

Work boat

Sail boat
Planing
Calibration lock 0 = OFF, 1 = ON
Vessel type 1 = DISPLACE, 2 = SEMI DISPLACE, 3 = PLANING, 4 = STERN DRV,

6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

5 = WORK BOAT, 6 = SAIL BOAT
Drive type 3, 4, 5
Rudder alignment -7 to +7
Rudder limit 10 to 40
Rudder gain 1 to 9
Counter rudder 1 to 9
Rudder damping 1 to 9
AutoTrim 0 to 4
1 to 9 (Type 150G/400G)
Response
1 to 3 (Type 150/400)
Turn rate limit 1 to 30
Off course angle 15 to 40
AutoRelease OFF, ON
Wind Trim 1 to 9
Cruise speed 4 to 60
AutoAdapt OFF, nth, Sth
Latitude 0 to 80
Variation -30 to +30
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66 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

6.2 Type 100/300 course computers

Accessing Calibration mode
You can only access Calibration mode from Standby mode:
1. With the autopilot in Standby mode, press and hold STBY for
16 seconds until the display shows a small CAL legend.
2. Press AUTO and STBY together to enter Calibration mode.
3. Press AUTO to scroll through the various calibration screens.
4. When you reach an item you wish to adjust, use the ▲ (NAV) and
▼ (LIGHTS) keys or course change knob to change the value.
6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

5. When you have made all the required changes, press and hold
STBY for 2 seconds to exit Calibration mode and save changes.
Note: To exit Calibration mode without saving changes, press STBY
momentarily.

Calibration screens
When you use the RayPilot 650 with a Type 100/300 course
computer, the calibration screens appear in the following order:

Vessel type (vES tYP)

Vessel type should be set when commissioning the autopilot.
Options
1 Displacement
2 Semi-displacement
3 Planing
4 Boat with I/O drive (stern drive)

Note: When you select the vessel type, the autopilot will set
appropriate defaults for several other calibration settings.
81013_4.book Page 67 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 6: Adjusting Autopilot Settings 67

Calibration lock (CAL LoC)

This screen controls whether it is possible to access the compass
deviation and alignment screens.
Options
0 Lock off: Compass Calibration can be accessed
1 Lock on: Compass Calibration cannot be accessed

Rudder gain (rUd LEv)

This screen determines the default rudder gain setting. Rudder gain is

6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

a measure of how much helm the autopilot will apply to correct
course errors. The higher the setting, the more rudder will be applied.
You should adjust this setting when commissioning the autopilot.
You can make temporary changes to this rudder gain value during
normal operation.
Screen text Range
rUd LEv 1 to 9

Counter rudder (rtE LEv)

Counter rudder is the amount of rudder the autopilot applies to try to
prevent the boat from yawing off course. Higher counter rudder
settings result in more rudder being applied. You should set the
default counter rudder when commissioning the autopilot.
Screen text Range
rtE LEv 1 to 9

Align rudder (rUd Add)

Use this screen to center the rudder bar display after installing the
autopilot system.
Screen text Range
rUd Add -7° to +7° in 1° steps

Rudder limit (rUd StP)

Use the rudder limit screen to set the limits of autopilot rudder control
just inside the mechanical end stops. This will avoid putting the
 81013_4.book Page 68 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

68 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

steering system under unnecessary load. You should adjust this when
commissioning the autopilot.
Screen text Range
rUd Add 15° to 30° in 1° steps

Turn rate limit (trn rtE)

This limits your boat’s rate of turn under autopilot control.
Screen text Range
trn rtE 5° to 20° per second in 1° steps
6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

Cruise speed (CSE SPd)

Set the cruise speed to the boat’s typical cruising speed. If both the
boat’s speed through the water and speed over ground are unavailable
via SeaTalk or NMEA, the autopilot will use this default cruise speed
when computing course changes.
Screen text Range
CSE SPd 4 to 60 knots

Off course warning angle (oFF CrS)

This screen determines the angle used by the Off Course warning.
The Off Course warning operates if the pilot strays off course by more
than the specified angle for more than 20 seconds.
Screen text Range
oFF CrS 15° to 40° in 1° steps

AutoTrim (tr LEv)

The AutoTrim setting determines the rate at which the autopilot
applies ‘standing helm’ to correct for trim changes caused by varying
wind loads on the sails or superstructure.You should set the default
AutoTrim after commissioning the autopilot.
Setting Effect
OFF No trim correction
1 Slow trim correction
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Chapter 6: Adjusting Autopilot Settings 69

Setting Effect
2 Medium trim correction
3 Rapid trim correction (default)
4 Very rapid trim correction

Power steer (JoY)

If you have a joystick connected to your Type 100/300 autopilot
system, use this screen to select the required joystick mode of
operation (see table).

6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

Options
OFF Power steer off
1 1 = Proportional power steer
Proportional power steer applies rudder in proportion to
joystick movement – the further the joystick is held over,
the greater the applied rudder.
2 2 = Bang-bang power steer
Bang-bang power steer applies continuous rudder in the
direction of the lever movement – to improve control, the
speed of rudder movement changes with the angle of the
lever. For maximum speed, push the lever hardover. If you
return the lever to the center position, the rudder will
remain in its current position.

Drive type (drv oPt)

The drive type setting controls how the autopilot drives the steering
system. You should set the drive type when commissioning the
autopilot.
Options
1 and 2 Not used
3 Linear drive, rotary drive or I/O (stern) drive
4 Hydraulic pump or hydraulic linear drive
5 Constant running hydraulic pump solenoids
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70 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Rudder damping (rUd dPG)

Set this option during the initial dockside checks if the autopilot
‘hunts’ when trying to position the rudder.
Screen text Range
rUd dPG 1 to 9

Magnetic variation (vAr)

If required, set this value to the level of magnetic variation present at
your boat’s current position – indicated as east or west. The autopilot
6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

sends this variation setting to other instruments on the SeaTalk

system, and it can be updated by other SeaTalk instruments.
Screen text Options
VARIATION Default setting = 0°
vAr EAST/ vAr WEST 30°EAST(-30°) to 30° WEST (+30°) in 1° steps

AutoAdapt (AUt AdP)

The AutoAdapt feature allows the autopilot to compensate for
heading errors at higher latitudes, which are caused by the increasing
dip of the earth’s magnetic field.
The increased dip has the effect of amplifying rudder response on
northerly headings in the northern hemisphere, and on southerly
headings in the southern hemisphere.
Note: If you set AutoAdapt to 1 or 2, you then need to enter your
current latitude in the next screen (Latitude), so that the autopilot can
provide accurate course keeping by automatically adjusting the
rudder gain depending on the heading.
Options
OFF AutoAdapt off
1 AudoAdapt compensation on – Northern hemisphere
2 AutoAdapt compensation on – Southern hemisphere

Latitude (LAt)
The RayPilot 650 only displays this screen if you have set AutoAdapt
to 1 or 2. Use the ▲ (NAV) and ▼ (LIGHTS) keys or course change
81013_4.book Page 71 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 6: Adjusting Autopilot Settings 71

knob to set the value to your boat’s current latitude, to the nearest
degree.
Note: If valid latitude data is available via SeaTalk or NMEA, the
autopilot will use this data instead of the calibration value.
Screen text Range
LATITUDE 0° to 80° in 1° steps

WindTrim (wind response) (unE tC)

Note: Only available if vessel type = 1 (displacement) on Type

6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

100/300.
WindTrim (wind response) controls how quickly the autopilot
responds to changes in the wind direction.
Screen text Options
WIND TRIM 1 = Normal setting
2 = Faster response for wind shifts

AutoRelease (I/O drives only) (AUt rLS)

Note: Only available if vessel type = 4 (Stern drive).
If the vessel type is set to 4 (I/O or stern drive), you will see the
AutoRelease screen (AUt rLS) set to ON as a default. AutoRelease
provides emergency manual over-ride in situations when you need to
avoid an obstacle at the last moment.
Screen text Range
AUt rLS ON = AutoRelease on
OFF = AutoRelease off

Response level (rES)

This is the default response setting. The response level controls the
relationship between the autopilot’s course keeping accuracy and the
amount of helm/drive activity. You can make temporary changes to
response during normal operation.
 81013_4.book Page 72 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

72 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

Screen text Options

1 AutoSeastate on (Automatic deadband) = default
• autopilot to gradually ignores repetitive boat movements
and only react to true variations in course
• provides the best compromise between power
consumption and course keeping accuracy
2 AutoSeastate off (minimum deadband)
• provides tighter course keeping
• increased power consumption and drive unit activity
3 AutoSeastate off + counter rudder yaw damping
• provides tightest possible course keeping by introducing
6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

counter rudder yaw damping

81013_4.book Page 73 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Chapter 6: Adjusting Autopilot Settings 73

Dealer Calibration: default settings with Type 100/300

Calibration setting Vessel type

2 = Semi Displacement

4 = Stern drive (I/O)

1 = Displacement

Your settings
3 = Planing
Vessel type 1 2 3 4

6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings

Calibration lock 0 0 0 0
Rudder gain 5 5 4 3
Counter rudder 7 7 7 5
Rudder alignment 0 0 0 0
Rudder limit 30 30 30 20
Turn rate limit 20 15 15 8
Cruise speed 6 8 15 15
Off course angle 20 20 20 20
AutoTrim 2 3 3 3
Power steer OFF OFF OFF OFF
Drive type 3 4 4 3
Rudder damping 2 2 2 2
Variation OFF OFF OFF OFF
AutoAdapt NORTH NORTH NORTH NORTH
Latitude 0 0 0 0
Wind Trim
1 --- --- ---
(displacement only)
AutoRelease
--- --- --- ON
(stern drives only)
Response 1 1 1 1

Note: Information applies to Type 100/300 Course Computers with Version 15 software.
 81013_4.book Page 74 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

74 RayPilot 650 Control Unit - Owner’s Handbook

6 Adjusting Autopilot Settings
81013_4.book Page 1 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Limited Warranty Certificate

Raymarine warrants each new Light Marine/Dealer Distributor Product to be of good materials and
workmanship, and will repair or exchange any parts proven to be defective in material and
workmanship under normal use for a period of 2 years/24 months from date of sale to end user, except
as provided below.
Defects will be corrected by Raymarine or an authorized Raymarine dealer. Raymarine will, except
as provided below, accept labor cost for a period of 2 years/24 months from the date of sale to end user.
During this period, except for certain products, travel costs (auto mileage and tolls) up to 100 round
trip highway miles (160 kilometres) and travel time of 2 hours, will be assumed by Raymarine only
on products where proof of installation or commission by authorized service agents, can be shown.
Warranty Limitations
Raymarine Warranty policy does not apply to equipment which has been subjected to accident, abuse
or misuse, shipping damage, alterations, corrosion, incorrect and/or non-authorized service, or
equipment on which the serial number has been altered, mutilated or removed.
Except where Raymarine or its authorized dealer has performed the installation, it assumes no
responsibility for damage incurred during installation.
This Warranty does not cover routine system checkouts or alignment/calibration, unless required by
replacement of part(s) in the area being aligned.
A suitable proof of purchase, showing date, place, and serial number must be made available to
Raymarine or authorized service agent at the time of request for Warranty service.
Consumable items, (such as: Chart paper, lamps, fuses, batteries, styli, stylus/drive belts, radar mixer
crystals/diodes, snap-in impeller carriers, impellers, impeller bearings, and impeller shaft) are
specifically excluded from this Warranty.
Magnetrons, Cathode Ray Tubes (CRT), TFT Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) and cold cathode
fluorescent lamps (CCFL), hailer horns and transducers are warranted for 1 year/12 months from date
of sale. These items must be returned to a Raymarine facility.
All costs associated with transducer replacement, other than the cost of the transducer itself, are
specifically excluded from this Warranty.
Overtime premium labor portion of services outside of normal working hours is not covered by this
Warranty.
Travel cost allowance on certain products with a suggested retail price below $2500.00 is not
authorized. When/or if repairs are necessary, these products must be forwarded to a Raymarine
facility or an authorized dealer at owner’s expense will be returned via surface carrier at no cost to the
owner.
Travel costs other than auto mileage, tolls and two (2) hours travel time, are specifically excluded on
all products. Travel costs which are excluded from the coverage of this Warranty include but are not
limited to: taxi, launch fees, aircraft rental, subsistence, customs, shipping and communication
charges etc. Travel costs, mileage and time, in excess to that allowed must have prior approval in
writing.
TO THE EXTENT CONSISTENT WITH STATE AND FEDERAL LAW:
(1) THIS WARRANTY IS STRICTLY LIMITED TO THE TERMS INDICATED HEREIN, AND
NO OTHER WARRANTIES OR REMEDIES SHALL BE BINDING ON RAYMARINE
INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABLE OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
(2) Raymarine shall not be liable for any incidental, consequential or special (including punitive or
multiple) damages.
All Raymarine products sold or provided hereunder are merely aids to navigation. It is the
responsibility of the user to exercise discretion and proper navigational skill independent of any
Raymarine equipment.
Document number: 84064-8
April 2001
81013_4.book Page 2 Tuesday, July 24, 2001 11:50 AM

Factory Service Centers

United States of America UK, Europe, Middle East, Far East
Raymarine Inc Raymarine Ltd
22 Cotton Road, Unit D Anchorage Park, Portsmouth
Nashua, NH 03063-4219, USA PO3 5TD, England
Telephone: +1 603 881 5200 Telephone: +44 (0)23 9269 3611
Fax: +1 603 864 4756 Fax: +44 (0)23 9269 4642
www.raymarine.com www.raymarine.com
Sales & Order Services Customer Support
Telephone: +1 800 539 5539 Ext. 2333 or Telephone: +44 (0)23 9271 4713
+1 603 881 5200 Ext. 2333 Fax: +44 (0)23 9266 1228
Technical Support Email: [email protected]
Telephone: +1 800 539 5539 Ext. 2444 or
+1 603 881 5200 Ext. 2444
Email: [email protected]
Product Repair Center
Telephone: +1 800 539 5539 Ext. 2118

Stick barcode label here

Purchased from Purchase date

Dealer address

Installed by Installation date

Commissioned by

Commissioning date

Owner’s name

Mailing address

This portion should be completed and retained by the owner.