FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION
Orthographic projection is a means of representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions. It is a form
of parallel projection, in which all the projection lines are orthogonal to the projection plane, resulting in every
plane of the scene appearing in affine transformation on the viewing surface.
First angle projection is one of the methods used for orthographic projection drawings and is approved
internationally except the United States. In this projection method, the object is placed in the first quadrant and
is positioned in front of the vertical plane and above the horizontal plane.
First-Angle Projection. An object that is above the horizontal plane and in front of the vertical plane is in the
first angle. An observer looks through the object to the planes of projection.
Fig. 1 (four quadrant)
When the object is situated in First Quadrant, that is, in front of V.P and above H.P, the projections obtained
on these planes is called First angle projection.
(i) The object lies in between the observer and the plane of projection.
(ii) The front view is drawn above the xy line and the top view below xy. (above xy line is v.p and below xy
line is H.P).
(iii) In the front view, H.P coincides with xy line and in top view v.p coincides with xy line.
(iv) Front view shows the length(L) and height(H) ofthe object and Top view shows the length(L) and
breadth(B) or width(W) or thickness (T) of it
First angle projection symbol
1
J. K. Adebayo
Examples
2
J. K. Adebayo
3
J. K. Adebayo
4
J. K. Adebayo
Exercise (Figure A dimension is in 'mm' while others are in 'cm')
5
J. K. Adebayo
A B
11 10 7
11 7
6 7
4 5 15 7
7 7 10
10
6
4
15 15 22
5
D 10
C
10 10 17
5
8 8 5 5
5
15 5 15 17 17
E F
THIRD ANGLE PROJECTION
Third Angle project is where the 3D object is seen to be in the 3rd quadrant. It is positioned below and behind
the viewing planes, the planes are transparent, and each view is pulled onto the plane closest to it. The front
plane of projection is seen to be between the observer and the object.
6
J. K. Adebayo
Symbol of third angle projection
7
J. K. Adebayo
EXERCISES (All the dimensions are in 'mm')
8
J. K. Adebayo
G
H
K 9
J. K. Adebayo
L
M
N
10
J. K. Adebayo
